Combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impeller
By combining the use of wave-edge milling cutters and ball-end milling cutters, the problem of difficult surface quality assurance in aluminum alloy impeller processing was solved, efficient chip breaking and removal and finishing effects were achieved, and the surface quality and processing accuracy of the aluminum alloy impeller were improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422546111.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-22
AI Technical Summary
It is difficult to ensure the surface quality when machining aluminum alloy impellers, especially when the complex structure of adjacent blades and the influence of the matrix material lead to vibration marks. Existing milling cutters are difficult to meet the machining requirements.
A combination of wave-edge milling cutter and ball-end milling cutter is used. The wave-edge milling cutter is used for rough machining, and the ball-end milling cutter is used for fine machining. The combination of spiral chip grooves and spherical cutting edges can achieve chip breaking and chip removal effects, thereby improving surface quality.
By using the combined tool, efficient chip breaking and removal is achieved on the surface of the aluminum alloy impeller, the generation of chatter marks is reduced, and the surface quality and machining accuracy are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223382656U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy impeller processing, in particular to a combined tool for processing aluminum alloy impellers. Background Art
[0002] Methods for machining adjacent blades on aluminum alloy impellers primarily include five-axis CNC milling, spot milling, and side milling. Five-axis CNC milling is particularly suitable for machining aluminum alloy impellers due to its flexibility, efficiency, and wide range of applications, making it suitable for machining impellers with complex curved surfaces, such as integral impellers.
[0003] The machining of adjacent blades in aluminum alloy impellers is particularly difficult. Machining aluminum alloy impellers involves complex CNC programming and precision machining processes. This is particularly true when machining adjacent blades. Due to the complex structure of the blades, the use of filleted surfaces at the intersection of adjacent blade bases, and the thinness and twist angles of the blades, these components are typically difficult to machine. Furthermore, due to the influence of the base material, aluminum alloys are highly strong and tough, making them prone to vibration marks during machining. This affects the surface quality of the impeller and increases the difficulty and complexity of machining.
[0004] Therefore, due to the complex structure of adjacent blades of the aluminum alloy impeller and the influence of the matrix material, it is difficult to ensure the quality of the impeller surface using existing milling cutters. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a combined tool for processing aluminum alloy impellers, which eliminates chatter marks on the impeller surface by rough machining the impeller with a wave-edge milling cutter and fine machining the impeller with a ball-end milling cutter.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:
[0007] A combination tool for processing aluminum alloy impellers includes a wave-edge milling cutter and a ball-end milling cutter. The wave-edge milling cutter includes: a first shank, a first anti-interference step and a first cutter head. The first shank is integrally connected to the first anti-interference step. The first cutter head is opened on the first anti-interference step and is used for chip breaking and chip removal when rough cutting the surface of the impeller.
[0008] The ball end milling cutter includes: a second shank, a second anti-interference step, a second chip groove and a spherical cutting edge. The second shank is integrally connected to the second anti-interference step. The second chip groove is spirally opened on the second anti-interference step. The end of the spherical cutting edge is spherical.
[0009] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0010] The wave-edge milling cutter features a simple structure, strong versatility, excellent chip breaking and removal, and high cutting efficiency in roughing. The ball-end milling cutter achieves layered, simultaneous cutting of the side and bottom edges in finishing, simultaneously finishing the connecting surfaces and improving the impeller surface quality. The wave-edge milling cutter and ball-end milling cutter form a complementary and mutually reinforcing tool combination. The tool axis vectors of both can change with the impeller surface, and the normal vectors are highly adaptable, ensuring stable surface roughness. This makes them suitable for curved surface machining.
[0011] More preferably, the first cutting head has:
[0012] The four first chip removal grooves are all spiral-shaped and are wound around each other on the first cutter head.
[0013] The tapered cutting edge is located between two adjacent first chip removal grooves and is integrally connected to the first chip removal grooves.
[0014] There are multiple chip breaker grooves, which are arranged on the tapered cutting edge at equal intervals and distributed along a spiral line on the cutting edge of the tapered cutting edge.
[0015] The tool nose R angle is located at the tip of the tapered cutting edge and is integrally connected to the tapered cutting edge.
[0016] The end edge is located on the top surface of the tapered cutting edge and is integrally connected to the tool tip R angle and the first chip groove.
[0017] Using the above technical solution, the end edge, the tip R angle, and the tapered cutting edge together constitute the cutting edge of the tapered wave edge milling cutter. Rough processing is performed on the impeller surface. The generated aluminum chips first enter the first chip groove, and the chip breaker groove cuts off the aluminum chips and discharges them along the first chip groove to the cutting edge.
[0018] More preferably, the inner walls of the first chip removal groove and the chip breaker groove are both curved surfaces.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the curved chip breaker groove can discharge the aluminum chips more smoothly after cutting, and the curved first chip discharge groove can discharge the cut chips more smoothly.
[0020] More preferably, the width of the chip breaker groove is smaller than the width of the first chip removal groove.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the chips obtained after being cut by the chip breaker groove almost all enter the first chip discharge groove and are discharged, which is more conducive to the discharge of aluminum chips.
[0022] Further optimization is that the width of the tapered cutting edge is smaller than the width of the first chip flute.
[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the width of aluminum chips generated by the tapered cutting edge during the cutting process is smaller than the width of the first chip groove, and can be cut into smaller chips by the chip breaker groove, and the chips can be smoothly discharged from the first chip groove.
[0024] Further optimization is that the chip breaker groove is a through groove and is connected to the first chip removal groove.
[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the cut chips can smoothly enter the first chip removal groove along the inner wall of the groove, making it easy to remove the chips.
[0026] Further optimization is that the spherical cutting edge is opened from the spherical surface and spirally wound upward along the surface of the ball end milling cutter.
[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, it becomes a complete integral cutting edge, realizing layered joint cutting on the side edge and bottom edge of the tool.
[0028] Further optimization is that the number of the second chip removal grooves is 2, and the two second chip removal grooves are distributed on both sides of the spherical cutting edge and are positioned opposite to each other.
[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, side edges are formed on both sides of the spherical cutting edge, and the end of the spherical cutting edge serves as the bottom edge, so as to realize the finishing of the connection surface between the blade and the base synchronously with the side edge, thereby improving the surface quality and machining accuracy of the impeller.
[0030] Further optimization is that the first anti-interference step and the second anti-interference step are both conical.
[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, it is easy to effectively avoid the impeller during the processing.
[0032] Further optimization is that the width of the second chip flute is equal to the width of the spherical cutting edge.
[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the same degree of finishing can be achieved between adjacent blades. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the wave edge milling cutter in this embodiment.
[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting edge of the tapered wave edge milling cutter in this embodiment.
[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the chip breaker in this embodiment.
[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ball end mill in this embodiment.
[0038] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the structure of a spherical cutting edge in this embodiment.
[0039] Figure markings: 1-first shank; 2-first anti-interference step; 3-first chip groove; 4-chip breaker; 5-tapered cutting edge; 6-tip R angle; 7-end edge; 8-second shank; 9-second anti-interference step; 10-second chip groove; 11-spherical cutting edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 5 The utility model is further introduced in detail.
[0041] A combination tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a wave-edge milling cutter and a ball-end milling cutter, and is characterized in that the wave-edge milling cutter includes: a first shank 1, a first anti-interference step 2 and a first cutter head, the first shank 1 is integrally connected to the first anti-interference step 2, and the first cutter head is opened on the first anti-interference step 2, and is used for chip breaking and chip removal when rough cutting the surface of the impeller.
[0042] The ball end milling cutter comprises: a second shank 8, a second anti-interference step 9, a second chip removal groove 10 and a spherical cutting edge 11, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the second shank 8 is integrally connected to the second anti-interference step 9. A second chip removal groove 10 is spirally formed on the second anti-interference step 9, and the end of the spherical cutting edge 11 is spherical. The first and second shanks 1 and 8 facilitate toolholder clamping and offer high versatility. During finishing, the second chip removal groove 10 increases the thrust against the chips, further facilitating the removal of aluminum chips.
[0043] The wave-edge milling cutter features a simple structure, strong versatility, excellent chip breaking and removal, and high cutting efficiency in roughing. The ball-end milling cutter achieves layered, simultaneous cutting of the side and bottom edges in finishing, simultaneously finishing the connecting surfaces and improving the impeller surface quality. The wave-edge milling cutter and ball-end milling cutter form a complementary and mutually reinforcing tool combination. The tool axis vectors of both can change with the impeller surface, and the normal vectors are highly adaptable, ensuring stable surface roughness. This makes them suitable for curved surface machining.
[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the first cutter head has:
[0045] The four first chip removal grooves 3 are all spiral and intertwined on the first cutter head. During the rough machining process, the thrust on the chips can be increased, which is more conducive to the discharge of aluminum chips.
[0046] The tapered cutting edge 5 is located between two adjacent first chip removal grooves 3 and is integrally connected to the first chip removal grooves 3 .
[0047] There are multiple chip breaker grooves 4, which are evenly spaced on the tapered cutting edge 5 and distributed along the spiral line on the cutting edge of the tapered cutting edge 5, thereby enhancing the chip breaking ability of the cutting edge, improving the chip removal performance, and effectively reducing the probability and frequency of vibration caused by high-speed cutting during rough processing, thereby reducing the vibration marks generated on the impeller surface.
[0048] The tool tip R angle 6 is located at the tip of the tapered cutting edge 5 and is integrally connected to the tapered cutting edge 5 to improve the wear resistance of the tip.
[0049] The end cutting edge 7 is located on the top surface of the tapered cutting edge 5 and is integrally connected to the tool nose R angle 6 and the first chip removal groove 3 respectively.
[0050] The end edge 7, the tip R angle 6, and the tapered cutting edge 5 together constitute the cutting edge of the tapered wave edge milling cutter. Rough processing is performed on the impeller surface. The generated aluminum chips first enter the first chip groove 3, and the chip breaker groove 4 cuts the aluminum chips and discharges them along the first chip groove 3 to the cutting edge.
[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner walls of the first chip groove 3 and the chip breaker groove 4 are both curved surfaces. The curved chip breaker groove 4 can discharge the aluminum chips more smoothly after cutting. The curved first chip groove 3 can discharge the cut chips more smoothly.
[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the width of the chip breaker groove 4 is smaller than the width of the first chip discharge groove 3. The chips obtained after being cut by the chip breaker groove 4 almost all enter the first chip discharge groove 3 and are discharged, which is more conducive to the discharge of aluminum chips.
[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the width of the tapered cutting edge 5 is smaller than the width of the first chip groove 3. The width of the aluminum chips generated by the tapered cutting edge 5 during the cutting process is smaller than the width of the first chip groove 3, and can be cut into smaller fragments by the chip breaker groove 4, and the fragments can be smoothly discharged from the first chip groove 3.
[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the chip breaker groove 4 is a through groove and is connected to the first chip removal groove 3, so that the cut chips can smoothly enter the first chip removal groove 3 along the inner wall of the groove, thereby facilitating chip removal.
[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the spherical cutting edge 11 is opened from the spherical surface and spirally wound upward along the surface of the ball end milling cutter, making itself a complete integral cutting edge, realizing layered joint cutting on the side edge and bottom edge of the tool.
[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of the second chip grooves 10 is 2, and the two second chip grooves 10 are distributed on both sides of the spherical cutting edge 11 and are positioned relative to each other, so that side edges are formed on both sides of the spherical cutting edge 11, and the end of the spherical cutting edge 11 serves as the bottom edge, so as to realize the finishing of the connection surface between the blade and the base synchronously with the side edge, thereby improving the surface quality and machining accuracy of the impeller.
[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the first anti-interference step 2 and the second anti-interference step 9 are both conical, which facilitates effective avoidance between the impeller and the step during the processing.
[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the width of the second chip groove 10 is equal to the width of the spherical cutting edge 11, so that the same degree of finishing is achieved between adjacent blades.
[0059] During the roughing process, the wave-edge milling cutter processes the impeller surface through the tapered cutting edge 5. The aluminum chips generated are cut by the chip breaker groove 4 and enter the first chip groove 3, from which they are discharged. During the finishing process, the spherical cutting edge 11 on the ball end milling cutter continues to process the roughed surface, and the aluminum chips generated enter the second chip groove 10 and are discharged from the tool.
[0060] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the utility model and is not a limitation of the utility model. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to this embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of protection of the utility model, they are protected by patent law.
Claims
1. A combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers, comprising a wave-edge milling cutter and a ball-end milling cutter, characterized in that: The wave-edge milling cutter comprises: a first shank (1), a first anti-interference step (2) and a first cutter head, wherein the first shank (1) is integrally connected to the first anti-interference step (2), and the first cutter head is provided on the first anti-interference step (2) and is used for chip breaking and chip removal when rough cutting the surface of the impeller; The ball end milling cutter comprises: a second shank (8), a second anti-interference step (9), a second chip removal groove (10) and a spherical cutting edge (11); the second shank (8) is integrally connected to the second anti-interference step (9); the second chip removal groove (10) is spirally opened on the second anti-interference step (9); and the end of the spherical cutting edge (11) is spherical; The first blade has: Four first chip removal grooves (3) are all spiral-shaped and wound around the first cutter head; A tapered cutting edge (5) is located between two adjacent first chip removal grooves (3) and is integrally connected to the first chip removal grooves (3); A plurality of chip breaker grooves (4) are provided on the tapered cutting edge (5) at equal intervals and are distributed along a spiral line on the cutting edge of the tapered cutting edge (5); A tool tip R angle (6) is located at the tip of the tapered cutting edge (5) and is integrally connected to the tapered cutting edge (5); The end edge (7) is located on the top surface of the tapered cutting edge (5) and is integrally connected to the tool tip R angle (6) and the first chip removal groove (3).
2. The combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the first chip removal groove (3) and the chip breaker groove (4) are both curved surfaces.
3. The combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the chip breaker groove (4) is smaller than the width of the first chip removal groove (3).
4. The combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the tapered cutting edge (5) is smaller than the width of the first chip removal groove (3).
5. The combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip breaker groove (4) is a through groove and is communicated with the first chip removal groove (3).
6. The combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical cutting edge (11) is opened from the spherical surface and spirally winds upward along the surface of the ball end milling cutter.
7. The combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the second chip removal grooves (10) is two, and the two second chip removal grooves (10) are distributed on both sides of the spherical cutting edge (11) and are positioned opposite to each other.
8. The combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first anti-interference step (2) and the second anti-interference step (9) are both conical.
9. The combined tool for machining aluminum alloy impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the second chip removal groove (10) is equal to the width of the spherical cutting edge (11).