Percussion drilling device and machining equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a percussion drilling device and machining equipment, and belongs to the field of machining. According to the technical scheme, the percussion drilling device comprises a mounting base and a tool body rotationally mounted in the mounting base, the tool body comprises a tool handle and a tool bit base, the upper end face of the tool bit base and the lower end face of the mounting base are oppositely arranged, one of the upper end face and the lower end face is a mounting end face, and the other one of the upper end face and the lower end face is an opposite end face; annular raceways are arranged on the opposite end faces, corrugated raceways are arranged on the end face, opposite to the annular raceways, of the vibration ring, a plurality of rolling bodies are arranged between the corrugated raceways and the annular raceways, and a tensioning mechanism is arranged between the cutter handle and the cutter bit seat and enables the rolling bodies to be clamped between the corrugated raceways and the annular raceways. According to the scheme, the vibration ring is arranged to be of an externally detachable structure and is located below the mounting base, a worker can directly disassemble and replace the vibration ring from the outside, overall disassembly and assembly are avoided, the operation efficiency is improved, and precision loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of machining, in particular to an impact drilling device and machining equipment. Background Art

[0002] Drilling is a critical machining process and one of the most widely used technologies in mechanical manufacturing. With the widespread adoption of new and difficult-to-machine materials, and the increasing demand for high-quality, high-quality micro-hole machining, the demands on drilling technology are constantly increasing, particularly in deep-hole machining. Deep-hole machining is performed in closed or semi-enclosed spaces, generating large amounts of chips that can easily clog the space and hinder the dissipation of cutting heat. This makes the process challenging, chip removal difficult, and the workload substantial.

[0003] In this regard, impact drilling technology is a relatively new cutting method. That is, while the drill bit is working and feeding normally, a certain regular and controllable vibration is artificially applied to the drill bit, so that the cutting amount changes according to a certain rule, thereby performing continuous and regular pulse cutting to achieve the purpose of improving cutting efficiency.

[0004] Existing percussion drilling equipment achieves vibration through a principle similar to that of a plane bearing, such as patents CN101500737A and CN107570739A. Two relatively rotating rotating bodies are provided, and corrugated raceways are provided on the opposite surfaces of the rotating bodies. Rolling bodies are provided in the corrugated raceways. When the two rotating bodies rotate relative to each other, the phase change of the corrugated raceways realizes a regular change in the distance between the two, thereby achieving vibration of the drill bit.

[0005] When the above-mentioned equipment leaves the factory, its amplitude and the ratio of frequency to speed are fixed. Although in theory these two parameters can be changed by replacing the rotating body, under the current structure, the tool equipment needs to be disassembled, which is complicated. Repeated disassembly and assembly will cause the tool error to gradually increase due to factors such as assembly errors, seriously affecting the processing accuracy and tool life. Therefore, this component is usually not replaced in actual use, so the amplitude and frequency of current impact drilling equipment are difficult to adjust. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The utility model aims to solve the problem that the ratio of amplitude, frequency and rotation speed of current impact drilling equipment is difficult to adjust, and provides an impact drilling device which can conveniently adjust the two parameters.

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a percussion drilling device, comprising a mounting seat and a tool body rotatably mounted in the mounting seat, the tool body comprising a shank and a cutter head seat, the upper end face of the cutter head seat being arranged opposite to the lower end face of the mounting seat, one of which is set as the mounting end face and the other as the opposite end face: the mounting end face is detachably mounted with a vibration ring, the opposite end face is provided with an annular raceway, the end face of the vibration ring opposite to the annular raceway is provided with a corrugated raceway, a plurality of rolling bodies are provided between the corrugated raceway and the annular raceway, a tensioning mechanism is provided between the shank and the cutter head seat so that the rolling bodies are clamped between the corrugated raceway and the annular raceway. This solution sets the vibration ring as an externally detachable structure, located below the mounting seat, so that staff can directly remove and replace the vibration ring from the outside, avoiding overall disassembly and assembly, improving operating efficiency and reducing precision loss.

[0008] Preferably, a central boss is provided on the mounting end surface, the outer diameter of which matches the inner diameter of the vibration ring, and the vibration ring is fitted around the outer periphery of the central boss. A positioning protrusion is provided on one of the mounting end surface and the end surface of the vibration ring facing away from the corrugated raceway, while a positioning notch is provided on the other, with the positioning protrusion fitting into the notch. This forms a rigid rotation limit, allowing the vibration ring to rotate synchronously with the cutter head seat.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of positioning protrusions are provided, and the plurality of positioning protrusions are evenly distributed around the central boss, and a corresponding number of positioning notches are provided on the vibration ring.

[0010] Preferably, the vibration ring comprises a first half ring and a second half ring, and both ends of the first half ring and the second half ring are butted and locked by locking screws. The butt-jointing of the two half rings makes assembly and disassembly more convenient.

[0011] Preferably, the rolling body is spherical.

[0012] Preferably, the number of periods of the corrugated raceway is an integral multiple of the number of rolling elements, with at least three rolling elements. A retainer is provided between the vibrating ring and the opposing end surface, with the rolling elements evenly distributed around the circumference of the vibrating ring and spaced apart by the retainer. Having three or more vibrating elements provides excellent support, and the retainer ensures precise, synchronized rotation of the rolling elements, keeping them at the same height along the corrugated raceway, resulting in improved vibration linearity.

[0013] Preferably, a first connecting post is provided at the lower portion of the tool handle, a second connecting post is provided at the upper end surface of the tool head holder, a connecting hole is defined in the center of the second connecting post, the first connecting post is inserted into the connecting hole, and a linear bearing is provided between the first connecting post and the inner wall of the connecting hole. The tool handle and tool head holder are connected via a plug-in structure, which, in conjunction with the linear bearing, improves their dynamic concentricity and significantly reduces friction when the tool head holder vibrates.

[0014] Preferably, a telescopic guide structure is provided between the knife handle and the knife head seat, so as to enable the knife handle and the knife head seat to rotate synchronously.

[0015] Preferably, the tensioning mechanism includes a stud disposed at the center of the bottom surface of the first connecting column. The bottom surface of the connecting hole is provided with a through-hole extending therethrough. The stud passes through the through-hole and is connected to a tensioning nut. A spring is also provided between the tensioning nut and the cutter head seat. The tensioning mechanism utilizes a compression nut in conjunction with a spring structure to ensure tension while simultaneously being able to stretch downward to a certain extent, thereby allowing the rolling element to disengage from the raceway, while reducing pressure on the vibration ring and facilitating its removal.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a machining device which adopts the above-mentioned impact drilling device.

[0017] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the advantages of the present invention are as follows: the impact drilling device of this solution sets the vibration ring between the mounting seat and the cutter head seat, which can be directly disassembled and assembled from the outside without disassembling the device as a whole. On the one hand, the replacement speed is greatly improved, and on the other hand, the impact of repeated assembly on the accuracy is greatly reduced, and in a practical sense, the amplitude of the impact drilling device is adjustable; the vibration ring adopts a half-ring docking structure, which is fastened by screw locking, and the tensioning mechanism adopts an elastic stretchable structure, which further improves the convenience of disassembly and assembly; the device adopts multiple bearing structures and a retaining frame setting of the rotating body, combined with a telescopic guide, which improves the linear accuracy and stability of the impact reciprocating motion; further, the machining equipment provided by this solution adopts the impact drilling device, which has higher accuracy, and the impact amplitude and frequency speed ratio are adjustable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the vibration ring in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Description of main reference numerals

[0022] 1. Tool handle, 101. Connecting column, 2. Tool head seat, 3. Rolling element, 4. Cage, 5. Mounting seat, 6. Vibration ring, 61. Corrugated raceway, 62. First half ring, 63. Second half ring, 64. Positioning notch, 7. Stop block, 8. Stop rod, 9. Bearing, 10. Guide round pin, 11. Linear bearing, 12. Spring, 13. Tension nut, 14. Collet, 15. Collet nut, 16. Drill bit, 17. Locking screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a percussion drilling device includes a mounting seat 5 and a tool body rotatably mounted in the mounting seat 5. The mounting seat 5 is a structure for connecting the percussion drilling device to the body of a processing device (such as a machine tool). A stop block 7 and a stop rod 8 are provided on the mounting seat for mounting the device on the machining device so that the device is fixed relative to the bed. The tool body as a whole has a rotation axis, which is defined as the axial direction in the following description based on the rotation axis of the tool body. The tool body includes a shank 1 and a tool head seat 2. The shank 1 is mounted in the mounting seat 5 via a bearing 9, and the axial position of the shank 1 and the mounting seat 5 is relatively fixed by a shaft shoulder and an end cover matching structure. Based on the principle of percussion drilling, the shank 1 and the tool head seat 2 are a matching structure that rotates synchronously and can be relatively slightly extended and retracted. Specifically, a first connecting column 101 is provided at the lower portion of the shank 1, and a second connecting column is provided on the upper end face of the tool head seat 2. A connecting hole is provided in the center of the second connecting column. The first connecting column is inserted into the connecting hole, and the first connecting column 101 is connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole. A linear bearing 11 is also provided between them, and a telescopic guide structure is also provided between the tool handle 1 and the tool head seat 2. In this embodiment, the telescopic guide structure is a guide round pin 10, and pin holes are relatively provided between the upper end surface of the second connecting column and the lower end surface of the tool handle 1. The two ends of the guide round pin 10 are respectively inserted into the two pin holes, and can be freely inserted and pulled out relative to at least one pin hole; in other embodiments, the first connecting column and the second connecting column can also be provided in multiple groups, and then serve as telescopic guide structures to each other, directly limiting the relative rotation of the tool handle 1 and the tool head seat 2. A drill bit 16 is installed on the lower part of the tool head seat through a chuck 14 and a chuck nut 15. This is a conventional structure for drill bit installation and will not be repeated here.

[0026] In this embodiment, the vibration structure is arranged between the cutter head seat 2 and the mounting seat 5. Specifically, the upper end surface of the cutter head seat 2 (such as Figure 1 , which is the area around the outer periphery of the second connecting column) is arranged opposite to the lower end surface of the mounting seat 5, and one of them is the mounting end surface and the other is the opposite end surface. The mounting end surface is detachably mounted with a vibration ring 6, and the opposite end surface is provided with an annular raceway. The bottom surface of the annular raceway has no undulations along the circumferential direction, and its cross-section can be a flat bottom or an arc-shaped bottom surface. The end surface of the vibration ring 6 opposite to the annular raceway is provided with a corrugated raceway 61, and the bottom surface of the corrugated raceway has regular undulations along the circumferential direction, that is, the vibration ring 6 can be mounted on any one of the cutter head seat 2 and the mounting seat 5. In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the upper end face of the cutter head seat 2 is used as the mounting end face, that is, the vibration ring 6 is mounted on the cutter head seat 2. On this basis, a flat-bottomed raceway is provided on the lower end face of the mounting seat, and a center boss and a positioning protrusion are provided on the mounting end face. The outer diameter of the center boss is adapted to the inner diameter of the vibration ring 6, and the vibration ring 6 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the center boss. In this embodiment, the second positioning column is directly used as the center boss, and the vibration ring 6 is sleeved on the second positioning column. In other embodiments, a primary shaft shoulder structure can also be provided as the center boss, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the vibration ring 6 includes a first half ring 62 and a second half ring 63, and the two ends of the first half ring 62 and the second half ring 63 are respectively docked and locked by locking screws 17. A positioning notch 64 is provided on the end surface of the vibration ring 6 facing away from the corrugated raceway, and a positioning protrusion is embedded in the positioning notch (the positioning protrusion can also be provided on the vibration ring, and correspondingly, the positioning notch is provided on the mounting end surface). Furthermore, there are multiple positioning protrusions, and the multiple positioning protrusions are evenly distributed around the central boss. A corresponding number of positioning notches are provided on the vibration ring 6 (respectively provided on the first half ring and the second half ring). A plurality of rolling elements 3 are provided between the corrugated raceway 61 and the annular raceway. In this embodiment, the rolling elements 3 are spherical. In other embodiments, roller, cone or other structures can also be used. The number of periods of the corrugated raceway 61 is an integer multiple of the number of rolling elements 3, and there are no less than three rolling elements 3. A retainer 4 is also provided between the vibration ring and the opposite end surface. The rolling elements 3 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the vibration ring and the spacing between them is fixed by the retainer 4.

[0027] A tightening mechanism is also provided between the tool handle 1 and the tool head seat 2, and the rolling body 3 is clamped between the corrugated raceway 61 and the annular raceway. Specifically, the tightening mechanism includes a stud arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the first connecting column 101, and a through hole is provided on the bottom surface of the connecting hole. The stud passes through the through hole and is connected to a tightening nut 13. A spring 12 is also provided between the tightening nut 13 and the tool head seat 2.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] Based on the first embodiment, this embodiment further provides a machining device, which adopts the impact drilling device described in the first embodiment.

[0030] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the impact drilling device of this scheme sets the vibration ring between the mounting seat and the cutter head seat, which can be directly disassembled and assembled from the outside without disassembling the device as a whole. On the one hand, the replacement speed is greatly improved, and on the other hand, the impact of repeated assembly on the accuracy is greatly reduced, and in a practical sense, the amplitude of the impact drilling device is adjustable; the vibration ring adopts a half-ring docking structure, which is fastened by screw locking, and the tensioning mechanism adopts an elastic stretchable structure, which further improves the convenience of disassembly and assembly; the device adopts multiple bearing structures and a retaining frame of the rotating body, combined with a telescopic guide, which improves the linear accuracy and stability of the impact reciprocating motion; further, the machining equipment provided by this scheme adopts the impact drilling device, which has higher accuracy, and the impact amplitude and frequency speed ratio are adjustable.

[0031] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A percussion drilling device comprising a mounting seat (5) and a tool body rotatably mounted in the mounting seat (5), characterized in that: The tool body comprises a tool handle (1) and a tool head seat (2), wherein the upper end surface of the tool head seat (2) is arranged opposite to the lower end surface of the mounting seat (5), one of which is the mounting end surface and the other is the opposite end surface: A vibration ring (6) is detachably mounted on the mounting end surface, an annular raceway is provided on the opposite end surface, a corrugated raceway (61) is provided on the end surface of the vibration ring (6) opposite to the annular raceway, a plurality of rolling bodies (3) are provided between the corrugated raceway (61) and the annular raceway, a tensioning mechanism is provided between the tool handle (1) and the tool head seat (2) and the rolling bodies (3) are clamped between the corrugated raceway (61) and the annular raceway.

2. The impact drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that A central boss is provided on the mounting end surface, the outer diameter of the central boss is adapted to the inner diameter of the vibration ring (6), and the vibration ring (6) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the central boss; For the installation end surface and the end surface of the vibration ring facing away from the corrugated raceway, one of them is provided with a positioning protrusion, and the other is provided with a positioning notch (64), and the positioning protrusion is embedded in the positioning notch.

3. The impact drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that A plurality of positioning protrusions are provided, and the plurality of positioning protrusions are evenly distributed around the central boss, and a corresponding number of positioning notches are provided on the vibration ring (6).

4. The impact drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The vibration ring (6) comprises a first half ring (62) and a second half ring (63), and both ends of the first half ring (62) and the second half ring (63) are butt-jointed and locked by locking screws (17).

5. The impact drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The rolling body (3) is spherical.

6. The impact drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of periods of the corrugated raceway (61) is an integral multiple of the number of rolling elements (3), and the number of rolling elements (3) is not less than three. A retaining frame (4) is further provided between the vibration ring and the opposite end face. The rolling elements (3) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the vibration ring and are fixed at intervals with each other by the retaining frame (4).

7. The impact drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that A first connecting column (101) is provided at the lower portion of the tool handle (1), a second connecting column is provided at the upper end surface of the tool head seat (2), a connecting hole is provided at the center of the second connecting column, the first connecting column is inserted into the connecting hole, and a linear bearing (11) is provided between the first connecting column (101) and the inner wall of the connecting hole.

8. The impact drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that A telescopic guide structure is also provided between the knife handle (1) and the knife head seat (2).

9. The impact drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that The tightening mechanism comprises a stud arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the first connecting column (101); a through hole is provided on the bottom surface of the connecting hole; the stud passes through the through hole and is connected to a tightening nut (13); a spring (12) is further provided between the tightening nut (13) and the cutter head seat (2).

10. A machining device, characterized in that: A percussion drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used.

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