Anti-falling protection driving unit of elevator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of elevator speed limiting protection devices, and discloses an elevator anti-falling protection driving unit which is characterized in that a motor body, a brake body, a speed reducer, a motor main shaft and a motor rear end cover form a driving unit body; the motor main shaft at one end of the motor body is provided with a speed reducer, and the motor main shaft at the other end is provided with an outer spline sleeve; an inner spline sleeve is sleeved on the outer spline sleeve, flail block seats are uniformly distributed on the inner spline sleeve, the flail block seats are in sliding fit with flail blocks, the flail blocks are tightly pressed on the inner spline sleeve through tension springs surrounding arc grooves of the flail blocks, and friction plates are fixed on the flail blocks; a friction shell is fixedly arranged on the motor rear end cover, a gap is formed between the friction plate and the inner wall of the friction shell, and self-adaptive safety protection is formed. Two linkage devices are arranged on the friction shell in an axial symmetry mode, a pressure plate is arranged on the flail block, and linkage type safety protection is formed. The device is low in manufacturing cost, and drives a load to fall safely in a dynamic balance mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of elevator speed limiting protection devices, in particular to an elevator anti-fall protection drive unit. Background Art

[0002] Rack and pinion elevators are the most widely used elevators. The introduction and widespread application of intelligent elevators in recent years has led to significant progress in elevator technology and performance, effectively promoting product updates and iterations. Currently, the applications of intelligent elevators include intelligent passenger and cargo elevators, intelligent material elevators, and intelligent industrial elevators. The operating characteristics of intelligent elevators are that they use modern sensing and monitoring technology to safely lift the load vertically off the ground through an automatic control system without human intervention, and achieve precise vertical positioning at high altitudes (or automatic leveling). However, the unmanned operation of intelligent elevators weakens the ability of professional operators to track equipment operation on-site and diagnose faults in real time, objectively giving rise to two important issues: fall prevention safety technical guarantees and the safe handling of sudden faults.

[0003] (1) Problems with existing methods for handling sudden elevator failures

[0004] During the operation of intelligent elevators, sudden equipment failures are often inevitable. The cage carrying the load is far away from the ground and cannot operate due to the failure. At this time, the elevator needs to be quickly lowered to the ground for emergency escape of the passengers and unloading and maintenance. Currently, there are only three ways to return to the ground:

[0005] ① If it is an unmanned material lift or intelligent lift, professional maintenance personnel must climb from the ground through the lift standard section to the top of the lift cage, use the manual release handle of the brake, intermittently manually open the brake, and slowly lower the cage and load from a height to the ground.

[0006] ② If the passenger and cargo lift is driven by a professional, the professional is required to climb through the skylight inside the elevator cage to the top of the cage, and also use the manual release handle of the brake to manually open the brake intermittently, and then slowly lower the cage and load from a height to the ground in sections.

[0007] ③The latest generation of unmanned intelligent elevators is equipped with a high-power emergency backup power supply. When the main power supply suddenly fails, the backup power supply is activated to access the power control system and safely return the cage and load to the ground.

[0008] Of the three methods mentioned above for returning the load to the ground in the event of a fault, methods 1 and 2 are clumsy, slow, outdated, and unsafe. They also cause significant frictional wear on the brake, shortening its service life at best and potentially introducing new safety hazards. While method 3 achieves return function through a backup power supply and power system, the higher-power backup power supply increases the weight and cost of the equipment. Furthermore, this method has limitations and can only be applied in the event of a power outage and without any other faults in the power control system. If the fault occurs due to failure of electronic control components, inverters, or motors, the return function will not be achieved.

[0009] (2) Insufficient issues with the current anti-fall safety devices used in elevators

[0010] At present, the only safety device used for anti-fall safety protection of rack and pinion elevators is called a progressive anti-fall safety device, but this anti-fall safety device has the following disadvantages:

[0011] ① The anti-fall safety device is installed at the end of the power system, that is, the rack position. The required braking force and braking torque are more than twice the sum of the total mass of the moving parts of the elevator and the maximum load. The strength of its structural parts is required to be high. Therefore, this type of anti-fall safety device is bulky and has a high manufacturing cost.

[0012] ② The action of the anti-fall safety device is a locking safety protection when the load occurs in the process of falling. That is, the power system of the elevator loses the braking force and the load falls to a certain height and reaches the set speed, which is an impact braking. Once it is started, it will cause strong impact damage to the power system and even the entire elevator.

[0013] The relevant reference CN114408695A discloses a manual uniform speed descent speed limiting mechanism for a construction elevator, which is provided with a manual trigger mechanism. The manual trigger mechanism includes a hand brake, a pulling transmission rod, a rotating lever, a linkage round rod, a transmission plate, an eccentric dial wheel A and an eccentric dial wheel B. The eccentric dial wheel includes an eccentric shaft. The two eccentric dial wheels are both installed on the speed limiter housing and can push the limit ring relatively away from the centrifugal block. The two ends of the linkage round rod are respectively connected to the rotating lever and the pulling transmission rod. The rotating lever and the pulling transmission rod are both connected to the transmission plate, and the transmission plate is respectively connected to the eccentric dial wheel A and the eccentric dial wheel B; it adopts the form of an eccentric shaft. When the elevator descends rapidly, the step surface of the eccentric shaft is easily broken due to the centrifugal inertia force, and the manufacturing precision of the eccentric shaft is high, and the manufacturing cost is relatively high. Utility Model Content

[0014] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an elevator anti-fall protection drive unit which has low manufacturing cost, keeps the linkage device in good working condition, and drives the load to fall safely in a dynamic balanced manner.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an elevator anti-fall protection drive unit, including a motor body and a brake body. The motor body, the brake body and the reducer, the motor main shaft and the motor rear end cover constitute the drive unit body; the reducer is installed on the motor main shaft at one end of the motor body, and the external spline sleeve is installed on the motor main shaft at the other end of the motor body. The internal spline sleeve is mounted on the external spline sleeve, and the inner spline sleeve is evenly distributed with a swing block seat. The swing block seat and the swing block are slidably matched. The swing block is tightly pressed on the inner spline sleeve by a tension spring surrounding the arc groove of the swing block, and a friction plate is fixed on the swing block; a friction shell is fixed on the rear end cover of the motor, and there is a gap between the friction plate and the inner wall of the friction shell.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, a reducer is installed on the motor body, an external spline sleeve is installed on the motor main shaft, an internal spline sleeve is installed on the external spline sleeve, and a swing block equipped with a friction plate is installed on the internal spline sleeve. The swing block is slidably matched with the swing block seat. The centrifugal principle automatically triggers the adaptive braking safety protection function, which responds quickly and improves operational stability. The power system drives the load to drop safely in a dynamic balance, preventing the cage and load from falling and avoiding safety accidents. The main structure of the drive unit is compact, and manufacturing costs are greatly reduced.

[0017] Preferably, a slot is provided on the side of the swing block, and a pressure plate is clamped in the slot; a pressure plate mounting block is provided on the inner spline sleeve, and the pressure plate is mounted on the pressure plate mounting block through a pressure plate fixing screw and a fastener; a compression spring is sleeved on the pressure plate fixing screw.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the pressure plate and the linkage device cooperate to achieve safety protection of the cage and load against falling.

[0019] Preferably, two sets of linkage devices are axially symmetrically arranged on the friction shell.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the linkage device is symmetrically arranged to ensure that the pressure plate is pushed smoothly.

[0021] Preferably, the linkage device includes a steel sleeve, a connecting shaft, an oil-free bearing, an inner pull plate, an outer pull plate, a passive shaft, a bearing and a pull rod; the steel sleeve is installed in the linkage hole of the friction shell; an oil-free bearing is arranged in the steel sleeve, and a connecting shaft is arranged in the oil-free bearing, and the inner pull plate and the outer pull plate are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting shaft; the passive shaft is installed in the passive hole of the inner pull plate, and a bearing is arranged on the passive shaft; the pull rod is installed in the outer pull plate through the pull rod hole, and the pull rod is connected to the release handle.

[0022] By adopting this technical solution, a linkage device equipped with a bearing on a cylindrical passive shaft is combined with a pressure plate, which is connected to the motor body and brake via a pull rod. This seamlessly integrates the three functions of drive, braking, and safety protection. The entire main structure is compact, the design is small, and the manufacturing cost is low. This overcomes the shortcomings of progressive fall protection devices, such as the high manufacturing cost and the impact damage caused by locking safety protection. It solves the problem of personnel escape and non-destructive landing in the event of sudden high-altitude failure. It is not only safe and reliable, but also has no hidden dangers.

[0023] Preferably, the passive shaft is a cylindrical shape with the same axis and the same size.

[0024] By adopting this technical solution, the axial eccentricity of the cylindrical passive shaft does not need to be considered during machining, reducing manufacturing costs. The bearing is rotatably mounted on the cylindrical passive shaft to prevent the step surface of the eccentric thumbwheel from being broken due to rotational inertia, maintaining the linkage in good working condition and extending the service life of the brake protection device.

[0025] Preferably, a protective cover is provided on the outer ring of the friction housing.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective cover can surround and cover the swing block, brake and other components.

[0027] Preferably, a keyway is provided on the motor main shaft at one end of the motor body, an input shaft is provided on the reducer, and the keyway is connected to the input shaft through a flat key and a coupling.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor body is connected by a coupling and a closed reducer, which has high transmission efficiency. The reducer can reduce energy consumption to a certain extent and improve energy utilization efficiency by increasing the output torque.

[0029] Preferably, the motor main shaft at one end of the motor body is mounted with an input gear via a shaft elastic retaining ring I, a transmission gear is provided on the reducer, and the input gear and the transmission gear are meshed and connected.

[0030] By adopting this technical solution, the motor body is connected to the open reducer through a gear transmission method, making the entire drive unit compact and taking up little space. By increasing the output torque, the reducer can reduce energy consumption to a certain extent and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] 1. This utility model features a reducer mounted on the motor body. A friction plate-equipped swing block is mounted on the motor spindle via internal and external splined sleeves. The swing block slides into the swing block seat, automatically triggering the adaptive braking safety protection function based on the centrifugal principle. This provides a rapid response and increased operational stability, allowing the power system to safely lower the load in a dynamically balanced manner, preventing the cage and load from falling and avoiding accidents. The main structure of the drive unit is compact, significantly reducing manufacturing costs.

[0033] 2. The swing blocks in the main structure of this utility model are circumferentially dispersed within the friction housing. The inner spline sleeve is connected to the motor body via the outer spline sleeve. The main structure, reducer, motor body, and brake body are combined together to seamlessly combine the three functions of drive, braking, and safety protection. The drive unit is compact in structure, small in design, and low in manufacturing cost. This overcomes the shortcomings of progressive anti-fall safety devices, which are high in manufacturing cost and locking safety protection devices, which can cause impact damage to the elevator. It solves the problem of personnel escape and safe landing in the event of sudden high-altitude failure. It is not only safe and reliable, but also has no adverse hidden dangers.

[0034] 3. In the present invention, when the brake suddenly fails and the cage and the load descend rapidly, the throw block overcomes the tension of the tension spring under the action of centrifugal force and is swung toward the inner wall of the friction shell. The friction of the friction plate forms a braking torque, and the protection mechanism is automatically triggered by the mechanical centrifugal force. The braking torque is transmitted to the motor main shaft through the inner and outer spline sleeves, and then transmitted to the transmission system through the motor main shaft, forcing the cage and the load to decelerate. After the power system decelerates, the centrifugal force of the throw block decreases, the friction of the friction plate decreases, the braking torque decreases, and the protection mechanism is triggered again. This cycle repeats itself, and the transmission system carries the cage and the load down at a uniform speed in a dynamic balance manner without damaging the landing ground, achieving adaptive uniform descent.

[0035] 4. In the case of a sudden elevator failure requiring emergency landing, the utility model toggles the release handle to release the brake of the brake body. At this time, the pull rod is subjected to the linkage effect of the brake release handle, overcomes the spring force of the two compression springs to compress it, and pushes the pressure plate to the right, so that the annular retaining ring on the left side of the pressure plate that originally pressed the swing block is disengaged from the groove of the three swing blocks. The three swing blocks equipped with friction plates overcome the tension of the tension spring under the action of centrifugal force and are thrown out from the swing block seat of the inner spline sleeve. The braking torque is generated by the friction between the friction plate and the inner wall of the friction shell, driving the load to a set safe speed fixed value, forming a dynamic balanced safe falling state, and realizing a linked uniform descent.

[0036] 5. The bearing of the utility model is rotatably arranged on the cylindrical passive shaft, which is simple and easy to assemble, and avoids breaking the step surface of the eccentric thumbwheel due to the rotational inertia force, thereby maintaining the linkage device in good working condition, reducing manufacturing costs, and increasing the service life of the motor body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the structure of Example 1 (adaptive type) of the present utility model.

[0038] Figure 2 Assembly diagram of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the brake body according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 Anatomical diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention (linked type).

[0041] Figure 5 This is an assembly diagram of the second embodiment of the present utility model.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a side view of the second embodiment of the present invention after assembly with the protective cover removed.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a top view of the second embodiment of the utility model after assembly with the protective cover removed.

[0044] Figure number: 1. Reducer, 2. Shaft circlip I, 3. Input gear, 4. Motor body, 5. External spline sleeve, 6. Motor main shaft, 7. Friction housing, 8. Driven shaft, 9. Bearing, 10. Washer, 11. Inner pull plate, 12. Shaft circlip II, 13. Steel sleeve, 14. Oil-free bearing, 15. Connecting shaft, 16. External pull plate, 17. Pull rod, 18. Output gear, 19. Retraction washer, 20. Round nut, 21. Tension spring, 22. Pressure plate, 23. Pressure plate fixing screw, 24 Compression spring, 25. Release handle, 26. Linkage rod, 27. Brake fixing plate, 28. Brake disc, 29. Brake body, 30. Encoder, 31. Fan, 32. Protective cover, 33. Inner spline sleeve, 34. Throw block, 35. Friction plate, 36. Cross recessed countersunk screw, 37. Throw block seat, 38. Arc groove of the swing block, 39. Pressure plate mounting block, 40. Coupling, 41. Protective cover bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following describes two usage scenarios of the elevator drive anti-fall protection drive unit of the present application and its different structures and functional principles with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Use scenario 1: Adaptive constant speed safety protection for low-speed elevators

[0047] (1) Applicable objects and scope

[0048] 1. Intelligent or ordinary material lift;

[0049] 2. Intelligent or ordinary low-speed passenger and cargo lift;

[0050] 3. Low-speed lifting machinery with independent brakes;

[0051] 4. Other low-speed lifting machinery driven by the motor body (4) and braked.

[0052] (2) Structural characteristics

[0053] Example 1, overall structure and appearance: see the structural anatomy and appearance diagram of the elevator anti-fall protection drive unit (adaptive type).

[0054] like Figure 1 The functional parts shown in the figure are assembled as follows:

[0055] The motor front end cover, motor rotor, motor stator and motor rear end cover and other components constitute the motor body 4. The motor body 4, brake body 29, reducer 1, motor main shaft 6, and motor rear end cover constitute a drive unit.

[0056] An external spline sleeve 5 is installed on the motor main shaft 6 at the rear of the rotor of the motor body 4, and an internal spline sleeve 33 is mounted on the external spline sleeve 5. The three swing blocks 34 are not connected together. The three swing blocks 34 are evenly distributed on the swing block seat of the internal spline sleeve 33, and the swing blocks 34 are pressed tightly against the internal spline sleeve 33 by two positive and negative tension springs 21 surrounding the arc groove of the swing blocks. The friction plate 35 is tightened on the surface of the swing block 34 by a cross-slot countersunk screw 36. The friction shell 7 is fixed to the rear end cover of the motor, and a single-sided gap is left between the friction plate 35 on the swing block 34 and the inner hole of the friction shell 7. The above-mentioned structural parts constitute the main structure of the elevator anti-fall protection drive unit.

[0057] A mounting portion is provided on one side of the friction housing 7, and the mounting portion is fixed to the rear end cover of the motor by screws. A protective cover bracket 41 is provided on the surface of the friction housing 7.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the motor body 4 has a keyway on the motor main shaft 6 at the front of the rotor. The reducer 1 has an input shaft connected to the keyway via a flat key and a coupling 40. The output shaft of the reducer 1 is mounted with an output gear 18 via a retaining washer 19 and a round nut 20. The coupling connects the motor body 4 to the enclosed reducer 1, resulting in high transmission efficiency. By increasing output torque, the reducer 1 can reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency to a certain extent.

[0059] The block seats are uniformly distributed around the circumference, and three are used in this embodiment. The block 34 is provided with a block cavity, and the block cavity and the block seat are slidably matched. The block 34 is thrown out radially and parallel, and at the same time drives the friction plate 35 to contact the inner wall of the friction housing 7, resulting in a large contact area and a high friction torque.

[0060] like Figure 3As shown, a brake body 29 is mounted to the rear of the main structure via a brake retaining disc 27. Brake retaining disc 27 is securely mounted to friction housing 7, and brake body 29 is mounted on brake retaining disc 27. A brake disc 28 of brake body 29 is connected to motor spindle 6. Brake release handle 25 is mounted on brake body 29. In the event of an abnormality such as a power failure or emergency shutdown, the drive unit can be quickly stopped without damage. Release handle 25 is shaped like a fork, consisting of a column and a transition seat.

[0061] An encoder 30 and a fan 31 are also installed on the rotating shaft at the rear of the rotor of the motor body 4. The protective cover 32 is installed on the outer ring of the friction shell 7 through the protective cover bracket 41, and surrounds the main structure of the motor body 4 for anti-fall and uniform speed protection, the brake body 29, the fan 31, etc. from the outside.

[0062] The motor body 4 is mounted with a reducer 1, the motor main shaft 6 is mounted with an external splined sleeve 5, the external splined sleeve 5 is fitted with an internal splined sleeve 33, and the internal splined sleeve 33 is mounted with a swing block 34 equipped with a friction plate 35. The swing block 34 is slidably matched with a swing block seat 37. The centrifugal principle automatically triggers the adaptive braking safety protection function, which responds quickly and increases operational stability. This allows the power system to drive the load to safely descend in a dynamically balanced manner, preventing the cage and load from falling and avoiding safety accidents. The main structure of the drive unit is compact, greatly reducing manufacturing costs.

[0063] (3) Functional principle

[0064] When the elevator drives the cage and the load to operate normally, the rotor of the motor body 4 drives the outer spline sleeve 5, the inner spline sleeve 33, the swing block 34 equipped with the friction plate 35 and the tension spring 21 to rotate at the same speed. The rotation speed at this time is lower than the action speed corresponding to the set uniform speed. At this time, the adaptive uniform speed protection has not yet been activated and is in the off state. When the cage and the load run to the required height, the encoder 30 sends a position signal to the elevator control system. The control system issues a command, the motor body 4 stops, the brake body 29 brakes, and the elevator is automatically stabilized. The cage and the load then stop precisely at this height.

[0065] A. Power system brake failure (failure to brake or insufficient braking torque)

[0066] Here’s how it works:

[0067] If, for some reason, the brakes (or independent brakes) of an elevator or other lifting machinery suddenly fail, resulting in no braking or insufficient braking torque, the cage and load lose braking force and fall rapidly. Simultaneously, the cage and load drive the motor body 4, along with the external splined sleeve 5, internal splined sleeve 33, the swing blocks 34 equipped with friction plates 35, and the tension spring 21, to rotate in the opposite direction at a speed higher than normal operation. When the rotational speed reaches the set adaptive action speed, the three swing blocks 34 equipped with friction plates 35, under the action of centrifugal force, overcome the tension of the tension spring 21 and are ejected from the swing block seats on the internal splined sleeve 33. The friction plates 35 cling to the inner wall of the friction housing 7, generating a braking torque. This braking torque is transmitted through the internal splined sleeve 33 to the external splined sleeve 5 and the motor body 4 rotor. The braking torque of the motor body 4 rotor is then transmitted to the elevator transmission system, forcing the cage and load to decelerate. After the motor body 4 decelerates the transmission system, the centrifugal force of the swing weight 34 decreases, and the friction between the friction plate 35 and the inner wall of the friction housing 7 decreases accordingly. This reduces the braking torque, and the rotor of the motor body 4 accelerates again under the action of the cage and the load. After acceleration, the centrifugal force of the swing weight 34 increases again, and the friction between the friction plate 35 and the inner wall of the friction housing 7 increases accordingly. This cycle repeats, and eventually the power system of the elevator (or other lifting machinery) drives the load at a set safe speed, achieving a dynamic equilibrium safe descent state. This set fixed speed is the adaptive rated uniform speed.

[0068] When the elevator (or other lifting machinery) power system drives the cage and load down to the ground or initial position at a rated uniform speed, the system speed drops to zero, the centrifugal force disappears, and the sling 34 falls back to its original position on the internal splined sleeve 33, automatically resetting. This completes the adaptive uniform speed safety protection.

[0069] B. The power system cannot work (no power output or insufficient power output and the system is in braking state)

[0070] When a sudden failure occurs in an elevator or other lifting machinery (except for mechanical obstruction of the motor body 4 and the power system), such as: sudden power outage, inverter failure, electronic control component failure, motor body 4 failure, etc., resulting in no power output or insufficient power output and the brake of the power system is in a braking state, facing the impossibility of operation and requiring emergency landing, after manually operating or using a spare small-capacity power supply device, manually or remotely releasing the brake (or independent brake), its "adaptive uniform speed braking function" is automatically triggered, driving the cage and load to descend at a safe and uniform speed without damaging the landing ground.

[0071] Here’s how it works:

[0072] For some reason, the brakes on the elevator motor 4 (or the independent brakes of other hoisting machinery) fail to release, rendering the power system unable to drive the load normally. This failure can manifest as a sudden power outage, failure of electronic control components, failure of the inverter, or failure of the motor 4. This results in no or insufficient power output, putting the power system in a braking state, making operation impossible and requiring an emergency landing. In this case, the power system, especially the load, must be urgently lowered to the ground or its initial position.

[0073] Depending on the fault scenario, the release handle 25 on the brake body 29 first forcibly releases the brake body 29 (i.e., releases the brake) via the elevator's manual control or the elevator's electronic control unit (the elevator's backup power supply can be used in the event of a power outage). At this point, the cage and load lose braking force and fall at a faster speed. Subsequently, adaptive uniform speed safety protection is implemented using the same principle as in step A.

[0074] Usage scenario 2: Linked uniform speed safety protection for medium and high speed elevators.

[0075] (1) Applicable objects and scope

[0076] 1. Intelligent manned lift with higher speed;

[0077] 2. Ordinary manned lifts with higher speeds;

[0078] 3. Ordinary non-passenger lifts with higher speeds;

[0079] 4. Hoisting machinery with independent brakes capable of higher speeds;

[0080] 5. Other lifting machinery with a relatively high speed driven by the motor body 4 and brakes.

[0081] (2) Structural characteristics

[0082] Example 2, overall structure: see the structural anatomy and appearance diagram of the elevator anti-fall protection drive unit (linkage type).

[0083] like Figure 4 The functional parts shown in the figure are assembled as follows:

[0084] The motor front end cover, motor rotor, motor stator, motor rear end cover and other components constitute the motor body 4. The motor body 4, brake body 29, reducer 1, motor main shaft 6, and motor rear end cover constitute the drive unit body.

[0085] An external spline sleeve 5 is mounted on the motor main shaft 6 at the rear of the rotor of the motor body 4, and an internal spline sleeve 33 is mounted on the external spline sleeve 5. The three swing blocks 34 are not connected together. The three swing blocks 34 are evenly distributed on the swing block seat 37 of the internal spline sleeve 33, and the swing blocks 34 are pressed tightly against the internal spline sleeve 33 by two positive and negative tension springs 21 surrounding the arc groove of the swing blocks. The friction plate 35 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the swing block 34 by a cross slot countersunk screw 36. The pressure plate 22 is floatingly fixed to the outside of the internal spline sleeve 33 by a compression spring 24, a pressure plate fixing screw 23, a flat washer, and a fastener. The friction shell 7 is fixed to the rear end cover of the motor, and a single-sided gap is left between the friction plate 35 on the swing block 34 and the inner hole of the friction shell 7. The linkage device consisting of a steel sleeve 13, connecting shaft 15, oil-free bearing 14, inner pull plate 11, shaft elastic circlip II 12, outer pull plate 16, passive shaft 8, washer 10, bearing 9 and pull rod 17 is fixed to the friction housing 7 by two set screws. The above structural components constitute the main structure of the elevator anti-fall protection drive unit.

[0086] A mounting portion is provided on one side of the friction housing 7, and the mounting portion is fixed to the rear end cover of the motor by screws. A protective cover bracket 41 is provided on the surface of the friction housing 7.

[0087] The block seats 37 are uniformly distributed along the circumference, and three are used in this embodiment. The block 34 is provided with a block cavity, and the block cavity and the block seat are slidably matched. The block 34 is thrown out radially and parallel, and at the same time drives the friction plate 35 to contact the inner wall of the friction housing 7, resulting in a large contact area and a high friction torque.

[0088] The pressure plate 22 is positioned within the slot of the swing block 34. A pressure plate mounting block is mounted on the internal splined sleeve 33. The pressure plate 22 is mounted to the mounting block via pressure plate fixing screws 23 and fasteners. In this embodiment, the fasteners are locknuts. A compression spring 24 is mounted on the pressure plate fixing screws 23. The pressure plate 22 and the linkage mechanism work together to prevent the cage and load from falling.

[0089] There are two groups of linkage devices. The two groups of linkage devices are arranged axially symmetrically to ensure that the pressure plate 22 is pushed smoothly. The linkage device is installed in the linkage hole of the friction shell 7 through its steel sleeve 13. An oil-free bearing 14 is provided in the steel sleeve 13, and a connecting shaft 15 is provided in the oil-free bearing 14. The inner pull plate 11 and the outer pull plate 16 are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting shaft 15 and fastened by fixing screws. The passive shaft 8 is installed in the passive hole of the inner pull plate 11, and the passive shaft 8 is provided with a bearing 9. The passive shaft 8 is a cylindrical shape with the same size as the axis, and a retaining ring groove is provided at the end of the small cylinder. A washer 10 and an elastic retaining ring II 12 for the shaft are installed at the tail of the passive shaft 8. A pull rod hole is opened on the outer pull plate 16, and a pull rod 17 is installed in the pull rod hole through a bolt; the pull rod 17 is connected to the transition seat of the release handle 25. The linkage device is installed on the friction shell 7. Pulling the release handle 25 pulls the outer pull plate 16, which transmits force to the inner pull plate 11 through the connecting shaft 15, and then the bearing 9 pushes the pressure plate 22, so that the three throw blocks 34 equipped with friction plates 35 overcome the tension of the tension spring 21 under the action of centrifugal force and are thrown out. The friction plates 35 are tightly attached to the inner wall of the friction shell 7 to form a braking torque, achieving dynamic balance, and the power system performs a safe and uniform falling action. When the power system with the cage and load is lowered to the position, the power system speed drops to zero, the centrifugal force disappears, the throw blocks 34 fall back to the initial position of the inner spline sleeve 33, the throw blocks 34 automatically reset, the release handle 25 returns to its position, and the pressure plate 22 automatically resets. The cylindrical passive shaft 8 of this application does not need to consider the axial eccentricity of the passive shaft 8 when processing, which reduces the manufacturing cost. The bearing 9 is rotatably installed on the cylindrical passive shaft 8 to avoid breaking the step surface of the eccentric dial wheel due to the rotational inertia force, keep the linkage device in good working condition, and improve the service life of the motor body 4. The main structure is compact, with a small design and low manufacturing cost. The linkage device is combined with the pressure plate 22, and is integrated with the motor body 4 and the brake through the pull rod 17, seamlessly combining the three functions of driving, braking, and safety protection. This overcomes the shortcomings of progressive anti-fall safety devices, such as the high manufacturing cost and the impact damage caused by locking safety protection. It solves the problem of personnel escape and safe landing in the event of sudden high-altitude failure. It is not only safe and reliable, but also has no hidden dangers.

[0090] like Figure 5 As shown, the protective cover 32 of the motor body 4 is installed on the outer ring of the friction shell 7 through the protective cover bracket 41 and surrounds the main structure of the anti-fall linkage type uniform speed protection of the motor body 4, the brake body 29, the fan 31, etc. from the outside.

[0091] like Figure 6As shown, the rear part of the main structure of the motor body 4 anti-fall linkage type uniform speed protection is installed with a brake body 29 through a brake fixing disc 27, wherein the brake fixing disc 27 is fastened to the friction shell 7, the brake body 29 is installed on the brake fixing disc 27, the brake disc 28 of the brake body 29 is connected to the motor main shaft 6, and the brake release handle 25 is installed on the brake body 29. The release handle 25 is shaped like a fork with a column and a transition seat. Two groups of pull rods 17 are connected between the transition seat of the release handle 25 of the brake and the linkage device. By adopting the method of connecting the transition seat of the release handle 25 and the pull rod 17 of the linkage device, when a sudden fault occurs, the handle 25 is released manually or remotely, pushing the pressure plate 22, and the throwing block 34 is thrown out, and the anti-fall protection of the device is started. The structure is simple, easy to operate, and practical.

[0092] like Figure 7 As shown, an encoder 30 and a fan 31 are also mounted on the rotating shaft at the rear of the rotor of the motor body 4 .

[0093] An input gear 3 is mounted on the motor main shaft 6 at the front of the motor body 4's rotor via a shaft circlip Ⅰ2. The reducer 1 is equipped with a transmission gear, with the input gear 3 meshing with the transmission gear. The motor body 4 is connected to the open reducer 1 via a gear transmission, resulting in a compact drive unit with a small footprint. By increasing output torque, the reducer 1 can reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency to a certain extent.

[0094] (3) Functional principle

[0095] When the elevator drives the cage and the load to operate normally at the normal operating speed, the motor main shaft 6 drives the outer spline sleeve 5, the inner spline sleeve 33, the swing block 34 equipped with the friction plate 35 and the tension spring 21 to rotate at the same speed, and the pressure plate 22, the compression spring 24 and the pressure plate fixing screw 23 are driven to rotate at the same speed. At this time, the annular retaining ring on the left side of the pressure plate 22 is stuck in the groove of the three swing blocks 34. Even if the centrifugal force of the swing block 34 exceeds its own inertia, it still cannot be thrown out to implement friction braking. At this time, the linkage type uniform speed protection has not yet started and is in the closed state. When the cage and the load run to the required height, the encoder 30 sends the position signal to the elevator control system. The control system issues a command, the drive unit stops, the brake body 29 brakes, the elevator achieves automatic balance, and the cage and the load then stop precisely at this height.

[0096] When a sudden failure occurs and the power system has no power output or the power output is insufficient and the system is in a braking state, the "linked uniform speed braking safety protection function" is triggered through manual or electric operation, driving the cage and load to descend at a set safety speed without damaging the landing ground.

[0097] Here’s how it works:

[0098] When a sudden fault occurs (except for the mechanical blockage of the motor body 4 and the power system), such as a sudden power outage, inverter failure, electronic control component failure, motor body 4 failure, etc., resulting in no power output or insufficient power output and the brake of the power system is in a braking state, facing the impossibility of operation and requiring emergency landing, the brake release handle 25 is manually operated or operated manually or remotely through a spare small-capacity power supply device to release the brake of the brake body 29 (or independent brake). At this time, the pull rod 17 is linked to the action of the brake release handle 25. The three throw blocks 34 are then released from the three throw blocks 34 slots. The three throw blocks 34, equipped with friction plates 35, overcome the tension of the tension springs 21 under the action of centrifugal force and are thrown out from the throw block seats of the inner spline sleeve 33. The friction plates 35 are pressed against the inner wall of the friction housing 7 and form a braking torque. The braking torque is transmitted to the outer spline sleeve 5 and the motor main shaft 6 through the inner spline sleeve 33. The braking torque of the motor main shaft 6 is transmitted to the elevator transmission system to force the cage and the load to decelerate. After the drive unit drives the transmission system to decelerate, the centrifugal force of the throw blocks 34 decreases, and the friction force between the friction plates 35 and the inner wall of the friction housing 7 decreases accordingly. The braking torque is reduced, and the motor main shaft 6 accelerates again under the action of the cage and the load. After acceleration, the centrifugal force of the throw blocks 34 increases again, and the friction force between the friction plates 35 and the inner wall of the friction housing 7 increases accordingly. This cycle repeats until the power system of the elevator (or other lifting machinery) drives the load to a set safety speed fixed value, forming a dynamic equilibrium safe falling state. This set safety speed fixed value is the linkage type rated uniform speed.

[0099] When the elevator (or other lifting machinery) power system drives the cage and load to the ground or initial position, the system speed drops to zero, the centrifugal force disappears, and the throw block 34 returns to its original position on the internal splined sleeve 33, automatically resetting. Manual operation or remote control, using a backup low-capacity power supply, can be used to activate the brake release handle 25. The spring force automatically resets the pressure plate 22, completing the linked uniform speed safety protection.

[0100] When the hoist, carrying the cage and load, is lifted off the ground and the brake body 29 of the drive unit (or the independent brake of other hoisting machinery) suddenly fails, causing the cage and load to fall rapidly, the "adaptive uniform speed braking safety protection function" is automatically triggered, causing the cage and load to descend at a set safe speed and at a constant speed without damaging the landing surface. This can prevent the cage and load from falling in time.

[0101] When the elevator with the cage and load is away from the ground due to a variety of sudden failures (including sudden power outages, inverter failure, electronic control component failure, motor body failure, etc.), the "linked uniform speed braking safety protection function" is activated to return the cage and load to the ground in a timely and safe manner, ensuring the escape of personnel and the safe landing of equipment and loads.

[0102] The main structure of the present application is cleverly combined with the reducer 1, the motor body 4, and the brake body 29, seamlessly combining the four functions of driving, deceleration, braking, and safety protection, with a novel design and compact structure.

[0103] The main structure of this application utilizes mature technology, boasts a compact design, and offers low manufacturing costs. It can provide safe fall protection for intelligent elevators at a low cost, overcoming two shortcomings of progressive fall arrest devices. Furthermore, it can address the safety issues of personnel escape and non-destructive landing in the event of a sudden high-altitude accident. It is not only safe and reliable, but also poses no hidden dangers. When conditions are ripe, it could even replace the current progressive fall arrest devices for elevators that utilize locking protection.

[0104] This application is also applicable to ordinary rack and pinion hoists, as well as other types of non-rack and pinion hoists. Therefore, this is a new type of drive unit technology product with high innovation and strong practicality, suitable for comprehensive promotion and application.

[0105] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lift anti-fall protection drive unit, comprising a motor body (4) and a brake body (29), characterized in that: The motor body (4), the brake body (29), the reducer (1), the motor main shaft (6), and the motor rear end cover constitute the drive unit body; the reducer (1) is installed on the motor main shaft (6) at one end of the motor body (4), and the motor main shaft (6) at the other end of the motor body (4) is installed on the outer spline sleeve (5), the inner spline sleeve (33) is sleeved on the outer spline sleeve (5), and the inner spline sleeve (33) is evenly distributed with the throw block seats (37), the throw block seats (37) and the throw block (34) are slidably matched, the throw block (34) is pressed against the inner spline sleeve (33) by a tension spring (21) surrounding the throw block circular arc groove (38), and a friction plate (35) is fixed on the throw block (34); a friction shell (7) is fixedly provided on the motor rear end cover, and a gap is formed between the friction plate (35) and the inner wall of the friction shell (7).

2. The elevator anti-fall protection drive unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slot is provided on the side of the swing block (34), and a pressure plate (22) is clamped in the slot; a pressure plate mounting block (39) is provided on the inner spline sleeve (33), and the pressure plate (22) is mounted on the pressure plate mounting block (39) via a pressure plate fixing screw (23) and a fastener; a compression spring (24) is sleeved on the pressure plate fixing screw (23).

3. The elevator anti-fall protection drive unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sets of linkage devices are axially symmetrically arranged on the friction housing (7).

4. The elevator anti-fall protection drive unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage device comprises a steel sleeve (13), a connecting shaft (15), an oil-free bearing (14), an inner pull plate (11), an outer pull plate (16), a passive shaft (8), a bearing (9) and a pull rod (17); the steel sleeve (13) is installed in the linkage hole of the friction shell (7); an oil-free bearing (14) is provided in the steel sleeve (13), a connecting shaft (15) is provided in the oil-free bearing (14), and the inner pull plate (11) and the outer pull plate (16) are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting shaft (15); a passive shaft (8) is installed in the passive hole of the inner pull plate (11), and a bearing (9) is provided on the passive shaft (8); a pull rod (17) is installed on the outer pull plate (16) through the pull rod hole, and the pull rod (17) is connected to the release handle (25).

5. The elevator anti-fall protection drive unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The passive shaft (8) is cylindrical with the same axis and the same size.

6. The elevator anti-fall protection drive unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective cover (32) is provided on the outer ring of the friction housing (7).

7. The elevator anti-fall protection drive unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A motor main shaft (6) at one end of the motor body (4) is provided with a keyway, and an input shaft is provided on the reducer (1), and the keyway is connected to the input shaft via a flat key and a coupling (40).

8. The elevator anti-fall protection drive unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The motor main shaft (6) at one end of the motor body (4) is mounted with an input gear (3) via a shaft elastic retaining ring I (2). The reducer (1) is provided with a transmission gear, and the input gear (3) is meshedly connected with the transmission gear.

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