Segmented filtering type debris flow treatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a segmented filtering type debris flow treatment system which is characterized by comprising a debris flow intercepting net device, a debris flow mud-water separating and filtering structure and a debris flow blocking dam which are sequentially arranged in a debris flow channel at intervals from the upstream end to the downstream end. The debris flow treatment device has the advantages that debris flow impact harm can be better reduced, the debris flow treatment effect is improved, dredging treatment after debris flow is facilitated, and the interception function is recovered in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of debris flow control engineering, in particular to a segmented filtering type debris flow treatment system. Background Art

[0002] Debris flows are a common geological disaster in mountainous areas, typically triggered by heavy rainfall, snowmelt, and flooding. They pose a significant threat to people's lives, property, and ecological security, necessitating engineering control measures for channels with potential debris flow hazards. Flexible protection methods, such as protective nets, and rigid retaining dams, such as retaining dams, are currently the most common forms of engineering control.

[0003] For example, CN202410338635.6 discloses a flexible blocking and protection structure suitable for valley slope debris flows and high-level collapse and rockfall, including a blocking and protection net. The blocking and protection net includes an upper blocking and protection net structure for blocking high-level collapse and rockfall, and a lower blocking and protection net structure for intercepting valley debris flow materials. The lower blocking and protection net structure is connected to the valley on both sides through climbing beams, the upper blocking and protection net structure is connected through supporting piles in the middle, and the sides of the supporting piles are connected to the mountain through anchor cables. The upper protection net is connected to the valley slope surface on both sides through ground beams. The blocking and protection net includes a number of flexible transverse steel strands and flexible vertical steel strands arranged vertically and crosswise. The utility model adopts the above-mentioned blocking and protection net to block and protect debris flows and high-level collapse and rockfall. The blocking and protection net has the advantages of high protection height and large energy level, low cost, strong toughness and easy maintenance.

[0004] Another example is a flexible and permeable debris flow dam disclosed in CN202010147197.7; a dam structure for preventing the impact of mountain debris flow disclosed in CN201922126110.3; an anchored debris flow dam disclosed in CN202021769470.1, and so on. All of them use rigid dams to forcibly intercept debris flows, so as to prevent debris flows from rushing out of the ditch and causing public safety hazards in the downstream accumulation area. However, these existing debris flow control technologies only consider how to intercept and block them. When the impact force of the debris flow is large, the blocking structure is easily damaged, and the debris flow control effect is limited. At the same time, most of the existing blocking projects do not give enough consideration to dredging, which is not conducive to timely restoration of the blocking function for reuse after the debris flow occurs. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a segmented filtering debris flow treatment system that can better reduce the impact hazards of debris flow, improve the debris flow control effect, and facilitate dredging and timely restoration of the interception function after the debris flow.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A segmented filtering debris flow treatment system is characterized by comprising a debris flow interception net device, a debris flow mud-water separation and filtering structure and a debris flow retaining dam which are sequentially arranged in intervals in the debris flow channel from the upstream end to the downstream end.

[0008] In this way, the debris flow interception net device can first intercept large-sized solid objects such as fallen rocks and trees in the debris flow (large-sized solid objects generally refer to objects with dimensions in any direction greater than a certain requirement, such as greater than 10-20 cm), to prevent them from being mixed in the debris flow and destroying subsequent rigid retaining structures due to their large momentum. Then, the debris flow mud-water separation and filtration structure can complete the mud-water separation, filtering a large amount of water in the debris flow into the lower culvert and discharging it to the downstream end. The filtered water is converted from its original forward flow direction along the debris flow channel to a downward filtration and sedimentation direction, and after dissipating its kinetic energy, it is converted to flow more smoothly downward along the culvert. At the same time, after the water is filtered, the water content of the material remaining above is reduced, and the fluidity is reduced, achieving an energy dissipation effect. Then, the debris flow retaining dam is relied upon to forcibly intercept the debris flow portion composed mainly of remaining soil, which can better prevent the interception structure from being destroyed. Therefore, the utility model adopts a multi-stage segmented filtration and interception treatment method, which can better reduce the impact hazards of debris flows and improve the effect of debris flow control.

[0009] Furthermore, the debris flow interception net device includes an interception net arranged along the internal cross-section direction of the debris flow channel. The lower two sides of the interception net are fixed downwardly to the bottom of the debris flow channel, and the upper two sides of the interception net are respectively fixed obliquely upward on the slopes on both sides of the debris flow channel through upper cables, and a detachable connecting device is also installed on the upper cables.

[0010] In this way, when a debris flow comes, the large-sized solid objects mixed in the debris flow can be intercepted and separated through the interception net; after the debris flow passes, the upper cable can be conveniently removed through the detachable connecting device to loosen the interception net, so as to clean the intercepted materials and restore its interception function.

[0011] Furthermore, lower cables are connected outwardly and downwardly on both sides of the lower portion of the intercepting net, and the lower ends of the lower cables are fixedly connected to lower anchors on both sides of the bottom of the debris flow channel.

[0012] In this way, it is convenient to fix the bottom of the intercepting net. When disassembling, it is only necessary to remove the upper cable above the intercepting net to facilitate dredging.

[0013] Furthermore, the detachable connecting device includes a pair of mutually cooperating double-ear hanging rings and connecting support ears. The double-ear hanging rings are fixedly connected to the upper side of the debris flow interception net or correspondingly anchored on the upper anchor piece above the debris flow channel slope. The connecting support ear is fixed to the end of the upper cable. After the double-ear hanging rings and the connecting support ears cooperate with each other, a fixed connection is achieved by relying on a detachable pin.

[0014] In this way, it has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient connection and low cost.

[0015] Furthermore, both ends of the upper cable are provided with detachable connecting devices.

[0016] In this way, the entire upper cable can be easily disassembled.

[0017] Furthermore, a set of auxiliary disassembly mechanisms are arranged in parallel at the upper cable position on at least one side, and the auxiliary disassembly mechanism includes an auxiliary cable, the lower end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the corresponding lower end connection position of the upper cable, and the upper end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the upper anchor connected to the corresponding upper end of the upper cable. The auxiliary cable is disconnected at the middle position and a set of detachable connecting devices are arranged above and below the disconnected position, so that a two-way cylinder installation station is formed between the two sets of detachable connecting devices at the middle disconnected position of the auxiliary cable.

[0018] This is because after the upper cable intercepts the debris flow, the interception net is filled and blocked by the debris flow material, which will generate a huge pulling force on the upper cable. This will cause the detachable connection device at the end of the upper cable to be difficult to disassemble under stress. At the same time, the cable is prone to flying under the stress during disassembly, causing safety accidents. Therefore, an auxiliary disassembly mechanism is set up in parallel on the upper cable on one side. When disassembly is required, a two-way cylinder is first installed on the two-way cylinder installation station on the auxiliary cable. Since the two-way cylinder itself is adjustable in length, the auxiliary cable can be tightened by shortening the length of the two-way cylinder, so that the corresponding parallel upper cable is converted from a taut state to a loose state. At this time, the upper cable can be disassembled easily and safely. Then the two-way cylinder is extended to loosen the auxiliary cable and complete its own disassembly. The detachable connecting device on the auxiliary cable in the disconnected position includes a double-ear hanging ring fixed at the disconnected position of the auxiliary cable, a connecting support ear fixed at one end of the two-way oil cylinder, and a pin detachably connected between the two; it has a simple structure, is easy to assemble and disassemble, and is safe and reliable to use.

[0019] Furthermore, the lower end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the interception net through a set of detachable connecting devices, and the upper end is connected to the corresponding upper anchor through a set of detachable connecting devices.

[0020] In this way, the auxiliary cable itself can also be disassembled and reinstalled when needed.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of interception nets are arranged at intervals along the front-to-back direction of the debris flow channel, and the mesh size of the interception nets gradually decreases from the upstream to the downstream end.

[0022] This allows for better tiered interception of large-diameter objects, improving interception effectiveness. For example, the mesh diameter of the upstream interception net can be around one meter, primarily used to intercept trees, while the mesh diameter of the downstream interception net can be around 10-20 centimeters, used to intercept other larger-diameter objects such as fallen rocks.

[0023] Furthermore, the debris flow mud and water separation and filtration structure includes filtering troughs arranged on both sides of the bottom of the debris flow channel. The overall cross-section of the bottom of the filtering trough is V-shaped to match the debris flow channel. Gabions are installed in the filtering trough to form a filtering structure. A blind ditch is set downward at the junction between the filtering troughs on both sides to form a hidden channel forward along the debris flow channel.

[0024] In this way, after the debris flow enters the gabion, the water in the debris flow can be filtered downward through the gabion into the filter trough below and gathered in the blind ditch, flowing downstream along the culvert. The water turns downward in the gabion and collides with the gabion to eliminate kinetic energy, slowing the flow rate in the culvert and ensuring smooth flow. At the same time, after the debris flow above the gabion loses most of its water, its kinetic energy is reduced and its water content is greatly reduced, which is more conducive to the stable interception of the sand and soil in the debris flow at the rear.

[0025] Furthermore, a concrete cushion is provided on the bottom surface of the filter trough to form a water collection slope.

[0026] This will be more conducive to ensuring the effectiveness and stability of water collection.

[0027] Furthermore, a water collection structure is provided on the water collection slope, and the water collection structure includes a water collection main trough arranged obliquely downward and forward, and the lower end of the water collection main trough is connected to the underground channel. There are multiple water collection main troughs and they are arranged at intervals in the upstream and downstream directions.

[0028] In this way, after the water in the debris flow passes through the gabion downward, it can rely on the main water collection trough to gather and flow into the culvert more quickly and efficiently, thereby improving the filtration efficiency of the filtration structure and making the upper surface of the gabion have a better downward water absorption and filtration effect.

[0029] Furthermore, the downstream side of the main water collection channel is a vertical plane, and the upstream side is an inclined plane or an arc-shaped surface.

[0030] This is because the impact of debris flows causes the water flow on the sloped surface to be less steep than the main channel. This makes the downstream side of the main channel more susceptible to downward flow. Therefore, designing the downstream side as a vertical plane can better prevent water from flowing over the downstream side and flow downward, better ensuring the water collection effect of the main channel. At the same time, it can slow the water flow and dissipate energy, ensuring a more stable and peaceful flow in the culvert. In practice, the slope of the main channel is usually between 45 and 90 degrees.

[0031] Furthermore, a plurality of water collection branch grooves are arranged at intervals in connection with the upstream side of each water collection main groove, and the lower ends of the water collection branch grooves are arranged obliquely forward and have a smaller inclination than the water collection main groove.

[0032] In this way, the water collection branch trough and the water collection main trough are distributed on the water collection slope, which further improves the water collection and diversion effect and the filtering effect of the filtering structure. During implementation, the water collection branch trough is usually between 0-45 degrees.

[0033] Furthermore, each branch water channel is in the shape of a symmetrical arc or triangle. This is because the branch water channel has a small slope and its length direction is substantially consistent with the direction of the resultant force of the water flow, so the symmetrical arc or triangle design is more conducive to water collection.

[0034] Furthermore, a retaining wall is provided upwardly at the downstream side of the filter sedimentation tank, and the upper end of the retaining wall exceeds the upper surface of the gabion by a certain distance (usually 30-100 cm).

[0035] The retaining ridge at this position can block the gabion, better ensuring the stability of the filtration structure; at the same time, the retaining ridge at this position acts on the lower part of the debris flow to block the water flow, better ensuring the filtration effect of the filtration structure; in addition, after the debris flow that has filtered out most of the water hits the retaining ridge, it can dissipate energy again, which is conducive to subsequent stable interception.

[0036] Furthermore, the concrete cushion layer at the lower end of the retaining sill and the water collection slope is cast as one piece.

[0037] In this way, the deadweight of the gabion is pressed on the concrete cushion layer, holding the retaining wall and preventing the retaining wall from tipping backward under strong impact, thereby better ensuring the stability of its own structure.

[0038] Furthermore, the gabions in the filter trough are arranged in rows along the width direction, and the upper surface of each row of gabions is arranged in an inwardly concave arc shape with the downstream side higher than the upstream side.

[0039] In this way, multiple water-facing curved surfaces are formed on the upper surface of the gabion. The curved surfaces can better withstand the impact of debris flow and increase the contact area of ​​the impact, which is more conducive to the water flow forcibly entering the gabion and penetrating downward, thereby improving the water filtration effect; at the same time, the debris flow is repeatedly impacted and lifted by the water-facing curved surface, which greatly realizes energy dissipation and slows down the flow rate. After the flow rate is slowed down, the water filtration effect of the gabion on the debris flow is further improved, and the water content of the subsequent debris flow is reduced.

[0040] Furthermore, the debris flow retaining dam includes a dam body fixedly arranged in the debris flow channel along the width direction, a gate opening downward to the bottom is arranged in the middle position of the dam body, and a gate is also arranged in the gate. A filter bottom grid is arranged at the bottom of the debris flow channel adjacent to the upstream side of the gate, and the filter bottom grid is connected to the culvert below, and the culvert extends downstream to the outside of the downstream end of the dam body.

[0041] In this way, before a debris flow approaches, the gates are lowered. Once the debris flow is intercepted and blocked by the dam, the water contained in the debris flow can flow through the filter bottom grid into the culvert and then flow below the dam, further separating the mud and water. Once the debris flow stops, the gates can be opened to desilt the soil trapped by the dam, allowing the dam to resume its interception function. This provides the advantages of effective debris flow interception and diversion, and facilitates desilting operations after the debris flow has passed.

[0042] Furthermore, there is a diversion dike spaced apart from the dam body in the debris flow channel on the upstream side directly opposite the gate.

[0043] In this way, after the debris flow continues to flow forward through the debris flow retaining dam, it will first hit the diversion embankment to dissipate energy and be diverted to both sides. After diversion, the debris flow can hit both sides of the dam body, better dissipating energy, avoiding the retaining dam gate directly affected by the debris flow, and better protecting the safety and stability of the gate.

[0044] Furthermore, the diversion dike is in the shape of a long strip along the direction of the debris flow channel.

[0045] In this way, the diversion dike can better withstand impact and better ensure the stability of the diversion dike.

[0046] Furthermore, the upstream end of the diversion dike is in a forward arc shape.

[0047] In this way, the diversion effect can be better achieved.

[0048] Furthermore, a diversion dike pressure plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the upstream end of the diversion dike and extends forward along the bottom of the debris flow channel.

[0049] In this way, when the debris flow hits the diversion dike, it is first pressed on the diversion dike pressure plate, which better ensures the stability of the diversion dike's own structure.

[0050] Further, the dam body is protruded upward at the position where the dam body is connected with the sidewall of the debris flow channel to form a shoulder, and the shoulder is embedded and fixed on the sidewall of the debris flow channel.

[0051] In this way, the stability of the dam body is better ensured.

[0052] Further, the gate includes a lower gate located at the lower part of the gate opening, and the lower end of the lower gate is hingedly arranged on the lower surface of the gate opening; and the gate further includes an upper gate located at the upper part of the gate opening and opposite to the lower gate, and the two sides of the upper gate are slidably embedded in the sliding grooves on the two sides of the gate opening; the upper gate is provided with a gate lifting control device above; and the downstream side of the lower gate is provided with a gate overturning device for controlling the backward overturning of the lower gate.

[0053] This is because the conventional debris flow blocking dam usually uses an upper gate, and the two sides of the upper gate are embedded in the sliding grooves on the two sides of the gate opening, so that the upper gate can withstand a large impact pressure. However, after the debris flow is generated and blocked, the accumulated soil on the upstream side of the blocking dam causes the upper gate to bear a very large compressive stress and deform. Under this condition, it is difficult to open the upper gate by normal control method, which makes the dredging work very inconvenient. Therefore, in the present application, the lower part of the gate is innovatively designed as a lower gate. In this way, after the debris flow is generated, the lower gate can be controlled to overturn and open to the downstream side, and the dredging can be realized from the position of the lower gate to the front. After the lower mud is cleaned, the upper mud will naturally collapse downward, and the upper mud on the upstream side of the upper gate will be cleaned, so as to no longer affect the lifting operation of the upper gate. In this way, because the lower part is subjected to the friction and viscous force of the channel surface when the debris flow advances, the impact force of the lower part is small, and the blocking dam is provided with a diversion dike in front of the gate to block and divert the flow, so that the impact force on the lower gate is small, and the lower gate remains stable after bearing the impact when the debris flow occurs. Therefore, the gate structure has the advantages of sufficient stability to withstand the impact when the debris flow occurs, and convenient dredging operation after the debris flow occurs, which improves the dredging efficiency.

[0054] Further, the gate lifting control device includes a support frame arranged on the dam body in a gantry structure above the gate opening, a lifting machine mounted on the support frame, a lifting screw rod vertically mounted on the upper end of the upper gate, and the upper gate is hung on the lower end of the lifting screw rod and rotatably arranged therebetween. The lifting machine includes a lifting motor and a horizontally arranged lifting nut, and the lifting motor and the lifting nut are in transmission connection. The lifting nut is limited upward and downward on the support frame and is in screw thread cooperation with the lifting screw rod.

[0055] In this way, the lifting nut in the lifting machine and the lifting screw rod form a screw nut transmission pair structure, and the lifting operation of the upper gate can be conveniently controlled by the lifting machine.

[0056] Furthermore, the gate turning device includes a telescopic cylinder device located on the downstream side of the lower gate, the upper end of the telescopic cylinder device is hinged to the downstream surface of the lower gate, and the lower end of the telescopic cylinder device is hingedly installed on the dam foundation at the downstream end of the gate.

[0057] In this way, it is convenient to realize the flipping and opening of the lower gate to the rear through the telescopic control of the telescopic cylinder.

[0058] Furthermore, the telescopic cylinder device is a hydraulic cylinder telescopic device, which has greater stability and supporting force.

[0059] Furthermore, a gate groove matching the lower gate is provided on the dam foundation on the downstream side of the lower gate, and the telescopic cylinder device is arranged in the gate groove and enables the lower gate to fall into the gate groove after being flipped backward and opened.

[0060] In this way, when the lower gate is flipped back and opened, it will not affect the entry of transport vehicles, making dredging operations more convenient.

[0061] In summary, the utility model has the advantages of being able to better reduce the impact hazards of debris flow, improve the debris flow control effect, and be beneficial to dredging after debris flow and timely restoration of interception function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 The diagram is a planar structural diagram of the system of the present utility model. The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of fluid flow.

[0063] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the centerline of the debris flow channel.

[0064] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a separate debris flow interception net device.

[0065] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the separate upper cable and its corresponding auxiliary disassembly mechanism.

[0066] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the location of a separate debris flow mud-water separation and filtration structure.

[0067] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the water collection slope and water collection structure in a separate debris flow mud and water separation and filtration structure.

[0068] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single debris flow barrier dam.

[0069] Figure 8 for Figure 7 side view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0071] Best Practice: See Figures 1-8 As shown, a segmented filtering debris flow treatment system is characterized by comprising a debris flow interception net device, a debris flow mud-water separation and filtering structure and a debris flow retaining dam, which are sequentially arranged in the debris flow channel from the upstream end to the downstream end.

[0072] In this way, the debris flow interception net device can first intercept large-sized solid objects such as fallen rocks and trees in the debris flow (large-sized solid objects generally refer to objects with dimensions in any direction greater than a certain requirement, such as greater than 10-20 cm), preventing them from being mixed in the debris flow and destroying subsequent rigid retaining structures due to their large momentum. The debris flow mud and water separation and filtration structure can then complete the mud and water separation, filtering a large amount of water in the debris flow into the lower culvert and discharging it to the downstream end. The filtered water is converted from its original forward flow direction along the debris flow channel to a downward filtration and sedimentation direction, dissipating its kinetic energy and converting it into a more gentle downward flow along the culvert. At the same time, after the water is filtered, the water content of the material remaining above is reduced, and the fluidity is reduced, achieving an energy dissipation effect. Then, the debris flow retaining dam is used to forcibly intercept the debris flow portion composed mainly of remaining soil, which can better prevent the interception structure from being destroyed. Therefore, the utility model adopts a multi-stage segmented filtration and interception treatment method, which can better reduce the impact hazards of debris flows and improve the effectiveness of debris flow control.

[0073] Specifically, when implemented, the debris flow interception net device, see Figures 1-4 It includes an interception net 1 arranged along the internal cross-section direction of the debris flow channel. The lower two sides of the interception net 1 are fixed downward to the bottom of the debris flow channel, and the upper two sides of the interception net 1 are respectively fixed obliquely upward to the slopes on both sides of the debris flow channel through upper cables 2. A detachable connecting device 3 is also installed on the upper cables 2.

[0074] In this way, when a debris flow comes, the interception net can be used to intercept and separate large-sized solid objects mixed in the debris flow (large-sized solid objects usually refer to objects with a size larger than a certain requirement in any direction, such as larger than 10-20 cm). After the debris flow passes, it is convenient to remove the upper cable through the detachable connecting device and loosen the interception net to facilitate the cleaning of the intercepted materials and restore its interception function.

[0075] The lower sides of the intercepting net 1 are connected to lower cables 4 that are inclined downward outward, and the lower ends of the lower cables 4 are fixedly connected to the lower anchors 5 on both sides of the bottom of the debris flow channel.

[0076] In this way, it is convenient to fix the bottom of the intercepting net. When disassembling, it is only necessary to remove the upper cable above the intercepting net to facilitate dredging.

[0077] Among them, the detachable connecting device 3 includes a pair of mutually cooperating double-ear hanging rings and connecting support ears. The double-ear hanging rings are fixedly connected to the upper side of the debris flow interception net or correspondingly anchored on the upper anchor 6 above the debris flow channel slope. The connecting support ear is fixed to the end of the upper cable. After the double-ear hanging rings and the connecting support ears cooperate with each other, a fixed connection is achieved by relying on a detachable pin.

[0078] In this way, it has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient connection and low cost.

[0079] Wherein, both ends of the upper cable 2 are provided with detachable connecting devices 3.

[0080] In this way, the entire upper cable can be easily disassembled.

[0081] Among them, a set of auxiliary disassembly mechanisms are also arranged in parallel at the position of the upper cable 3 on at least one side, and the auxiliary disassembly mechanism includes an auxiliary cable 7, the lower end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the connection position of the lower end of the corresponding upper cable, and the upper end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the upper anchor 6 connected to the upper end of the corresponding upper cable. The auxiliary cable is disconnected at the middle position and a set of detachable connecting devices are arranged above and below the disconnected position, so that an installation station for a two-way oil cylinder 8 is formed between the two sets of detachable connecting devices at the disconnected position in the middle of the auxiliary cable.

[0082] This is because after the upper cable intercepts the debris flow, the interception net is filled and blocked by the debris flow material, which will generate a huge pulling force on the upper cable. This will cause the detachable connection device at the end of the upper cable to be difficult to disassemble under stress. At the same time, the cable is prone to flying under the stress during disassembly, causing safety accidents. Therefore, an auxiliary disassembly mechanism is set up in parallel on the upper cable on one side. When disassembly is required, a two-way cylinder is first installed on the two-way cylinder installation station on the auxiliary cable. Since the two-way cylinder itself is adjustable in length, the auxiliary cable can be tightened by shortening the length of the two-way cylinder, so that the corresponding parallel upper cable is converted from a taut state to a loose state. At this time, the upper cable can be disassembled easily and safely. Then the two-way cylinder is extended to loosen the auxiliary cable and complete its own disassembly. The detachable connecting device on the auxiliary cable in the disconnected position includes a double-ear hanging ring fixed at the disconnected position of the auxiliary cable, a connecting support ear fixed at one end of the two-way oil cylinder, and a pin detachably connected between the two; it has a simple structure, is easy to assemble and disassemble, and is safe and reliable to use.

[0083] The lower end of the auxiliary cable 7 is connected with the intercepting net through a set of detachable connecting devices, and the upper end is connected with the corresponding upper anchorage through a set of detachable connecting devices.

[0084] In this way, the auxiliary cable itself can also be disassembled, and then installed and used when needed.

[0085] A plurality of intercepting nets 1 are arranged along the front and rear directions of the debris flow channel, and the mesh of the intercepting net 1 gradually decreases from the upstream end to the downstream end.

[0086] In this way, the classification of large-diameter materials can be better intercepted, and the interception effect can be improved. For example, the mesh diameter of the upstream end of the intercepting net can be about one meter, mainly used for intercepting trees, and the mesh diameter of the downstream end of the intercepting net can be about 10-20 centimeters, used for intercepting fallen rocks and other larger-diameter materials.

[0087] Specifically, referring to Figures 5-6 The mud-water separation and filtration structure comprises filter sumps 11 arranged on both sides of the bottom of the debris flow channel, the bottom of the filter sump 11 is in the shape of a V matching the debris flow channel, a stone cage 12 is installed in the filter sump 11 to form a filter structure, and a blind ditch is arranged downward at the joint between the filter sumps on both sides to form a hidden channel 13 along the debris flow channel.

[0088] In this way, when the debris flow enters the stone cage, the water in the debris flow can pass through the stone cage downward and be filtered into the filter sump below and then gathered in the blind ditch to flow downstream along the hidden channel; the water turns downward in the stone cage and collides with the stone cage to eliminate kinetic energy, so that the flow rate in the hidden channel is slowed down to ensure smooth flow. At the same time, after the debris flow above the stone cage loses most of the water, the kinetic energy is reduced and the water content is greatly reduced, which is more conducive to stable interception of the sand and soil part of the debris flow.

[0089] The bottom surface of the filter sump 11 is provided with a concrete cushion layer 14 to form a water collection slope.

[0090] In this way, the effectiveness and stability of water collection can be better ensured.

[0091] The water collection structure comprises a water collection main groove 15 arranged obliquely downward and forward, the lower end of the water collection main groove is connected with the hidden channel, and a plurality of water collection main grooves 15 are arranged along the upstream and downstream directions.

[0092] In this way, after the water in the debris flow passes through the stone cage downward, it can be more quickly and efficiently gathered and flowed into the hidden channel through the water collection main groove, the filtration efficiency of the filter structure is improved, and the upper surface of the stone cage has a better downward water absorption and filtration effect.

[0093] The downstream side of the main water collection channel 15 is a vertical plane, and the upstream side is an oblique plane or an arc-shaped surface.

[0094] This is because the impact of debris flows causes the water flow on the sloped surface to be less steep than the main channel. This makes the downstream side of the main channel more susceptible to downward flow. Therefore, designing the downstream side as a vertical plane can better prevent water from flowing over the downstream side and flow downward, better ensuring the water collection effect of the main channel. At the same time, it can slow the water flow and dissipate energy, ensuring a more stable and peaceful flow in the culvert. In practice, the slope of the main channel is usually between 45 and 90 degrees.

[0095] The upstream side of each water collection main trough 15 is further connected with a plurality of water collection branch troughs 16 arranged at intervals. The lower end of the water collection branch trough is arranged obliquely forward and has a smaller inclination than the water collection main trough.

[0096] In this way, the water collection branch trough and the water collection main trough are distributed on the water collection slope, which further improves the water collection and diversion effect and the filtering effect of the filtering structure. During implementation, the water collection branch trough is usually between 0-45 degrees.

[0097] Each branch channel 16 is a symmetrical arc or triangle because the branch channel has a small slope and its length direction is substantially consistent with the direction of the resultant force of the water flow, so a symmetrical arc or triangle is designed to facilitate water collection.

[0098] Among them, a retaining wall 17 is further provided upwardly at the side of the downstream side of the filter sedimentation tank, and the upper end of the retaining wall exceeds the upper surface of the gabion by a distance (usually 30-100 cm).

[0099] The retaining ridge at this position can block the gabion, better ensuring the stability of the filtration structure; at the same time, the retaining ridge at this position acts on the lower part of the debris flow to block the water flow, better ensuring the filtration effect of the filtration structure; in addition, after the debris flow that has filtered out most of the water hits the retaining ridge, it can dissipate energy again, which is conducive to subsequent stable interception.

[0100] The lower end of the retaining sill 17 and the concrete cushion layer 14 of the water collection slope are cast as one body.

[0101] In this way, the deadweight of the gabion is pressed on the concrete cushion layer, holding the retaining wall and preventing the retaining wall from tipping backward under strong impact, thereby better ensuring the stability of its own structure.

[0102] The gabions 12 in the filtering trough 11 are arranged in rows along the width direction, and the upper surface of each row of gabions is in an inwardly concave arc shape with the downstream side being higher than the upstream side.

[0103] In this way, multiple water-facing curved surfaces are formed on the upper surface of the gabion. The curved surfaces can better withstand the impact of debris flow and increase the contact area of ​​the impact, which is more conducive to the water flow forcibly entering the gabion and penetrating downward, thereby improving the water filtration effect; at the same time, the debris flow is repeatedly impacted and lifted by the water-facing curved surface, which greatly realizes energy dissipation and slows down the flow rate. After the flow rate is slowed down, the water filtration effect of the gabion on the debris flow is further improved, and the water content of the subsequent debris flow is reduced.

[0104] Specifically, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 as well as Figures 7-8 The debris flow barrier dam includes a dam body 21 fixedly arranged in the debris flow channel along the width direction, a gate opening downward to the bottom is arranged in the middle position of the dam body 21, and a gate is also arranged in the gate. A filter bottom grid 22 is arranged at the bottom of the debris flow channel adjacent to the upstream side of the gate. The filter bottom grid 22 is connected to the underground channel 13 below, and the underground channel extends downstream to the outside of the downstream end of the dam body 21.

[0105] In this way, before a debris flow approaches, the gates are lowered. Once the debris flow is intercepted and blocked by the dam, the water contained in the debris flow can flow through the filter bottom grid into the culvert and then flow below the dam, further separating the mud and water. Once the debris flow stops, the gates can be opened to desilt the soil trapped by the dam, allowing the dam to resume its interception function. This provides the advantages of effective debris flow interception and diversion, and facilitates desilting operations after the debris flow has passed.

[0106] There is a diversion dike 23 spaced apart from the dam body in the debris flow channel on the upstream side facing the gate.

[0107] In this way, after the debris flow continues to flow forward through the debris flow retaining dam, it will first hit the diversion embankment to dissipate energy and be diverted to both sides. After diversion, the debris flow can hit both sides of the dam body, better dissipating energy, avoiding the retaining dam gate directly affected by the debris flow, and better protecting the safety and stability of the gate.

[0108] The diversion dike 23 is generally in the shape of a long strip along the direction of the debris flow channel.

[0109] In this way, the diversion dike can better withstand impact and better ensure the stability of the diversion dike.

[0110] The upstream end of the diversion dike 23 is in a forward arc shape.

[0111] In this way, the diversion effect can be better achieved.

[0112] A diversion dike pressure plate 24 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the upstream end of the diversion dike 23 and extends forward along the bottom of the debris flow channel.

[0113] In this way, when the debris flow hits the diversion dike, it is first pressed on the diversion dike pressure plate, which better ensures the stability of the diversion dike's own structure.

[0114] The positions where both sides of the dam body 21 meet the side walls of the debris flow channel are raised upward to form shoulders 25 , and the outer sides of the shoulders 25 are embedded and fixed on the side walls of the debris flow channel.

[0115] In this way, the stability of the dam body is better guaranteed.

[0116] Among them, the gate includes a lower gate 26 located at the lower part of the gate, the lower end of the lower gate 26 is hinged to the lower surface of the gate, and also includes an upper pull-up gate 27 arranged at the upper middle position of the gate opposite the lower gate. The two sides of the upper pull-up gate 27 can be slid up and down in the sliding grooves on both sides of the gate. A gate lifting control device is provided above the upper pull-up gate, and a gate flipping device is installed on the downstream side of the lower gate. The gate flipping device is used to control the lower gate to flip backward and open.

[0117] This is because traditional debris flow retaining dams usually use pull-up gates, because the two sides of the pull-up gates are embedded in the chutes on both sides of the gate, which can withstand greater impact pressure. However, after the debris flow is generated and blocked, the blocked soil accumulates on the upstream side of the retaining dam, causing the pull-up gate to be subjected to very large compressive stress and deform. In this state, it is difficult to open the pull-up gate through normal control methods, making dredging work extremely inconvenient. Therefore, in this solution, the lower part of the gate is innovatively designed as a lower-lying gate. In this way, after the debris flow is generated, when dredging is required, the lower-lying gate can be controlled to flip open to the downstream side, and dredging can be achieved from the open position of the lower-lying gate forward. After the lower silt is cleared, the upper silt will naturally collapse downward until the silt on the upstream side of the pull-up gate is cleared, and it no longer affects the lifting operation of the pull-up gate. Because the lower portion of the dam is affected by friction and viscosity from the channel surface as the debris flow advances, the impact force on the lower portion is relatively small. Furthermore, a diversion dike is located directly in front of the dam gate to block and divert the flow, minimizing the impact force on the lower gate (the diversion dike's upper end is higher than the lower gate's, ensuring its stability). This also allows the lower gate to remain stable after the impact of a debris flow. This gate structure offers the advantages of both sufficient stability to withstand the impact of a debris flow and facilitating dredging operations after the flow, improving desilting efficiency.

[0118] Among them, the gate lifting control device includes a support frame 28 arranged on the dam body above the gate in a gantry structure, and an elevator 29 is installed on the support frame 28. It also includes a lifting screw 33 vertically installed on the upper end of the upper pull-up gate 27. The upper pull-up gate 27 is suspended at the lower end of the lifting screw and the two are rotatably arranged therebetween. The elevator 29 includes a lifting motor and a horizontally arranged lifting nut. The lifting motor and the lifting nut are transmission-connected. The lifting nut is limited up and down on the support frame and cooperates with the lifting screw thread.

[0119] In this way, the lifting nut and the lifting screw in the lift cooperate to form a screw-nut transmission pair structure, and the lifting operation control of the pull-up gate can be conveniently controlled by the lift.

[0120] Among them, the gate turning device includes a telescopic cylinder device 30 located on the downstream side of the lower gate. The upper end of the telescopic cylinder device 30 is hinged to the downstream surface of the lower gate, and the lower end of the telescopic cylinder device 30 is hingedly installed on the dam foundation at the downstream end of the gate.

[0121] In this way, it is convenient to realize the flipping and opening of the lower gate to the rear through the telescopic control of the telescopic cylinder.

[0122] Wherein, the telescopic cylinder device 30 is a hydraulic cylinder telescopic device, which has greater stability and supporting force.

[0123] Among them, a gate groove 32 matching the lower gate is also provided on the dam foundation 31 on the downstream side of the lower gate. The telescopic cylinder device is arranged in the gate groove and enables the lower gate to fall into the gate groove 32 after being flipped backward and opened.

[0124] In this way, when the lower gate is flipped back and opened, it will not affect the entry of transport vehicles, making dredging operations more convenient.

Claims

1. A segmented filtration debris flow treatment system, characterized in that: It includes a debris flow interception net device, a debris flow mud and water separation and filtration structure, and a debris flow retaining dam, which are sequentially arranged in the debris flow channel from the upstream end to the downstream end. The debris flow interception net device includes an interception net arranged along the internal cross-section direction of the debris flow channel, with the two lower sides of the interception net fixed downwardly to the bottom of the debris flow channel, and the two upper sides of the interception net respectively fixed obliquely upward to the slopes on both sides of the debris flow channel through upper cables, and the upper cables are also equipped with detachable connecting devices; The debris flow mud and water separation and filtration structure includes filtering troughs arranged on both sides of the bottom of the debris flow channel. The overall cross-section of the bottom of the filtering trough is V-shaped to match the debris flow channel. Gabions are installed in the filtering trough to form a filtering structure. A blind ditch is set downward at the junction of the filtering troughs on both sides to form a culvert along the debris flow channel. The debris flow retaining dam includes a dam body fixedly arranged in the debris flow channel along the width direction, a gate opening downward to the bottom is arranged in the middle position of the dam body, a gate is also arranged in the gate, and a filtering bottom grid is arranged at the bottom of the debris flow channel adjacent to the upstream side of the gate, the filtering bottom grid is connected to the underground channel below, and the underground channel extends downstream to the outside of the downstream end of the dam body.

2. The segmented filtration debris flow treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower sides of the intercepting net are connected outwardly and downwardly with lower cables that are inclined downwards, and the lower ends of the lower cables are fixedly connected to the lower anchoring pieces on both sides of the bottom of the debris flow channel.

3. The segmented filtering debris flow treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detachable connection device includes a pair of mutually cooperating double-ear hanging rings and connecting lugs, the double-ear hanging rings are fixedly connected to the upper side of the debris flow interception net or to the upper anchoring piece anchored above the debris flow channel slope, and the connecting lugs are fixed to the ends of the upper cable, and the double-ear hanging rings and the connecting lugs are fixedly connected by a detachable pin after the cooperation. Both ends of the upper cable are provided with detachable connecting devices.

4. The segmented filtering debris flow treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A set of auxiliary disassembly mechanisms are also arranged in parallel at the upper cable position on at least one side, and the auxiliary disassembly mechanism includes an auxiliary cable, the lower end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the corresponding lower end connection position of the upper cable, and the upper end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the upper anchor connected to the corresponding upper end of the upper cable. The auxiliary cable is disconnected at the middle position and a set of detachable connecting devices are arranged above and below the disconnected position, so that a two-way cylinder installation station is formed between the two sets of detachable connecting devices at the disconnected position in the middle of the auxiliary cable.

5. The segmented filtering debris flow treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the filter tank is provided with a concrete cushion layer to form a water collection slope.

6. The segmented filtering debris flow treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water collection structure is provided on the water collection slope, and the water collection structure includes a water collection main trough arranged obliquely downward and forward, the lower end of the water collection main trough is connected to the underground channel, and multiple water collection main troughs are provided and arranged at intervals in the upstream and downstream directions; The upstream side of each water collection main trough is also connected with a plurality of water collection branch troughs arranged at intervals. The lower end of the water collection branch trough is arranged obliquely forward and has a smaller slope than the water collection main trough.

7. The segmented filtration debris flow treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A retaining sill is also provided on the downstream side of the filter trough, and the upper end of the retaining sill extends beyond the upper surface of the gabion for a distance; The concrete cushion layer at the lower end of the retaining sill and the water collection slope is cast as one piece; The gabions in the filter trough are arranged in rows along the width direction, and the upper surface of each row of gabions is set in an inwardly concave arc shape with the downstream side higher than the upstream side.

8. The segmented filtering debris flow treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is also a diversion dike set apart from the dam body in the debris flow channel on the upstream side of the gate.

9. The segmented filtering debris flow treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diversion dike is generally in the shape of a long strip along the direction of the debris flow channel; The upstream end of the diversion dike is curved forward; A diversion dike pressure plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the upstream end of the diversion dike and extends forward along the bottom of the debris flow channel.

10. The segmented filtering debris flow treatment system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The positions where the two sides of the dam body meet the side walls of the debris flow channel are raised upwards to form shoulders, and the outer sides of the shoulders are embedded and fixed on the side walls of the debris flow channel; The gate comprises a lower gate located at the lower part of the gate, the lower end of the lower gate being hinged to the lower surface of the gate, and an upper gate arranged at the upper middle position of the gate opposite to the lower gate, the two sides of the upper gate being slidably embedded in the slide grooves on both sides of the gate, a gate lifting control device being arranged above the upper gate, and a gate flipping device being installed on the downstream side of the lower gate, the gate flipping device being used to control the lower gate to flip and open backward; The gate lifting control device includes a support frame arranged on the dam body above the gate in a gantry structure, an elevator installed on the support frame, and also includes a lifting screw vertically installed on the upper end of the upper pull-up gate, the upper pull-up gate is suspended at the lower end of the lifting screw and the two are rotatably arranged therebetween, the elevator includes a lifting motor and a horizontally arranged lifting nut, the lifting motor and the lifting nut are transmission-connected, the lifting nut is limited up and down on the support frame and is engaged with the lifting screw thread; The gate turning device includes a telescopic cylinder device located on the downstream side of the lower gate. The upper end of the telescopic cylinder device is hinged to the downstream surface of the lower gate, and the lower end of the telescopic cylinder device is hingedly installed on the dam foundation at the downstream end of the gate.

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