Continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a continuous straw self-heating carbonization device, which comprises a crushing unit, which comprises a straw crusher, a straw storage chamber connected with a discharge port of the straw crusher, and a carbonized straw feeding auger and a combusted straw feeding auger which are arranged on the straw storage chamber; the carbonization unit comprises a straw combustion chamber, a straw carbonization chamber arranged at the top of the straw combustion chamber and a high-temperature-resistant conveying belt installed in the straw carbonization chamber, the carbonized straw feeding auger is connected with the straw carbonization chamber, a discharging port of the combustion straw feeding auger is located at one end of the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt, and a discharging port of the combustion straw feeding auger is located at the other end of the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt. A straw spiral auger is mounted in the straw carbonization chamber. Compared with the prior art, the equipment is small in size, movable, capable of achieving continuous carbonization treatment after straw materials are smashed, and high in automation degree.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment belongs to straw resource utilization technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of agricultural modernization and mechanized production level, the yield of crop straw is also increasing year by year. Although part of the crop straw is used for composting and feed processing, a large amount of straw resources has not been effectively and fully utilized. Conventional straw utilization methods, such as direct return to field and composting and fertilizer processing, have problems such as inability to remove pests and diseases, and too long composting time, which hinders the green and efficient processing of straw resources. In some areas, the concept of straw resource recycling has not yet been formed, and traditional open-air burning of straw is carried out, which produces a large amount of smoke and dust during the burning process, seriously affecting the local air quality, and easily causing fire hazards and wasting potential resources. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a straw resource utilization method that can efficiently utilize straw resources, expand the utilization scene of straw, and reduce environmental pollution during processing.

[0003] It is generally recognized that the carbonization treatment of crop straw to prepare biochar is an environmentally friendly, economical and socially beneficial agricultural waste treatment method. By treating straw through carbonization technology, the eggs of pests in the straw can be killed, the potential diseases can be reduced, and the health of the soil and crops during utilization can be protected. Straw carbonization can not only avoid the emission of a large amount of smoke and harmful gas generated by direct burning, reducing air pollution, but also the biochar prepared after straw carbonization can be used as a soil conditioner and environmental remediation material for environmental remediation and soil improvement.

[0004] However, the existing straw carbonization equipment on the market has problems such as large size, high energy consumption, low automation, and direct emission of carbonization gas, which directly affects and limits the large-scale application of carbonization equipment. Especially for remote areas with scattered villages and non-contiguous fields, how to develop a mobile carbonization equipment with small size and low energy consumption has become a top priority. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] Based on the above, the utility model provides a continuous straw self-heating carbonization treatment device that is efficient, simple and environmentally friendly to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] The technical scheme of the utility model is: a continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment, comprising:

[0007] The crushing unit comprises a straw crusher, a straw storage chamber connected to the discharge port of the straw crusher, and a carbonized straw feeding auger and a burning straw feeding auger installed on the straw storage chamber;

[0008] The carbonization unit comprises a straw combustion chamber, a straw carbonization chamber arranged at the top of the straw combustion chamber, and a high-temperature-resistant conveying belt installed in the straw carbonization chamber, the carbonized straw feeding auger is connected with the straw carbonization chamber, the discharge port of the combustion straw feeding auger is located at one end of the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt, and a straw spiral auger is installed in the straw carbonization chamber.

[0009] In one of the examples, it further comprises:

[0010] The temporary storage unit comprises a storage box and a spraying device, the storage box comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, the upper box body is connected with the end of the straw combustion chamber, the lower box body is connected with the end of the straw combustion chamber, and the spraying device is installed on the upper box body.

[0011] In one of the examples, the spraying device comprises a water tank and an electrically-controlled nozzle, the water tank is installed at the top of the upper box body, and the electrically-controlled nozzle is arranged at the inner top of the upper box body.

[0012] In one of the examples, the inner bottom of the upper box body is further provided with a stirring mechanism.

[0013] In one of the examples, the carbonization unit further comprises a flue gas treatment device, and the flue gas treatment device is connected with the straw combustion chamber through a flue gas pipeline.

[0014] In one of the examples, the inner top of the straw combustion chamber is connected with the straw combustion chamber through a flue gas recovery pipeline.

[0015] In one of the examples, an air blowing device is installed in the straw combustion chamber to blow air into the straw combustion chamber, and the straw combustion chamber is connected with the straw storage chamber through a flue gas preheating pipeline.

[0016] In one of the examples, an ignition device is installed in the straw combustion chamber, and the ignition device is located at the end of the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt close to the discharge port of the combustion straw feeding auger.

[0017] In one of the examples, the front end of the ignition device is an alcohol nozzle and an electric spark igniter, which are used for igniting the straw material.

[0018] In one of the examples, temperature measuring probes are arranged in the straw combustion chamber and the straw carbonization chamber, and the temperature measuring probes are electrically connected with a controller and a display screen.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a continuous self-heating carbonization device for straw, which is small in size, portable, and capable of continuously carbonizing straw material after crushing, with a high degree of automation. It simultaneously utilizes straw as a heat source for charcoal production, recovers carbonization flue gas, and treats combustion gases, reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, it reuses the carbonization exhaust gas, using excess hot air from combustion to dry the straw, and filters the remaining exhaust gas, reducing environmental pollution from emissions. This equipment significantly reduces energy consumption in the straw carbonization process, achieving self-heating carbonization, capturing combustible gases from carbonization, continuous charcoal production, and exhaust gas treatment. This equipment can also be mounted on trailers or other mobile devices for convenient on-site straw carbonization. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a continuous straw self-heating carbonization device.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0022] Crushing Unit: 11 Straw Crusher, 12 Straw Storage Chamber, 13 Carbonized Straw Feeding Screw, 14 Burning Straw Feeding Screw;

[0023] Carbonization unit: 21 Straw combustion chamber, 22 Straw carbonization chamber, 23 High temperature resistant conveyor belt, 24 Straw spiral auger, 25 Flue gas treatment device, 26 Flue gas duct, 27 Flue gas recovery duct, 28 Blower, 29 Ignition device, 30 Flue gas preheating duct.

[0024] Temporary storage unit: 31 storage box, 311 upper box, 312 lower box, 32 spray device, 321 water tank, 322 electrically controlled nozzle, 33 stirring mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment describes a continuous straw self-heating carbonization device, which includes a crushing unit and a carbonization unit.

[0027] The pulverizing unit comprises a straw pulverizer 11, a straw storage chamber 12 connected with the discharge port of the straw pulverizer 11, and a carbonized straw feeding auger 13 and a combustion straw feeding auger 14 installed on the straw storage chamber 12. The straw pulverizer 11 is a conventional straw pulverizing device. The carbonizing unit comprises a straw combustion chamber 21, a straw carbonizing chamber 22 arranged at the top of the straw combustion chamber 21, and a high-temperature-resistant conveying belt 23 installed in the straw carbonizing chamber 22. The carbonized straw feeding auger 13 is connected with the straw carbonizing chamber 22, and the discharge port of the combustion straw feeding auger 14 is located at one end of the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt 23. A straw spiral auger 24 is installed in the straw carbonizing chamber 22. In this embodiment, the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt 23 can be a chain grate or other conveying belts.

[0028] The straw is put into the straw pulverizer 11, which is cut into small pieces with a length of less than 2 cm and then transported into the straw storage chamber 12 for storage. Then, part of the straw is sent into the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt 23 in the straw combustion chamber 21 by the combustion straw feeding auger 14 for combustion to provide the heat required for carbonization in the straw carbonizing chamber 22. Part of the straw is sent into the straw carbonizing chamber 22 by the carbonized straw feeding auger 13 for carbonization. During the carbonization process, the straw is gradually stirred and transported forward by the straw spiral auger 24, which has the advantage of good carbonization quality. By dividing the pulverized straw into two parts, one part is used as fuel to provide the heat required for carbonization, and the other part is used as carbonization raw material, which can greatly reduce the carbonization cost.

[0029] Further, the device further comprises a temporary storage unit, which comprises a storage box 31 and a spraying device 32. The storage box 31 comprises an upper box body 311 and a lower box body 312. The upper box body 311 is connected with the end of the straw combustion chamber 21, and the lower box body 312 is connected with the end of the straw combustion chamber 21. The spraying device 32 is installed on the upper box body 311. Thus, the ash after combustion of the straw is transported into the lower box body 312 for storage, and the carbonized straw is transported into the upper box body 311 for storage and can be sprayed and cooled by the spraying device 32. It should be noted that the upper box body 311 and the lower box body 312 are both provided with openable sealing doors. After being cooled to a certain temperature, the sealing doors can be opened to take out the carbonized straw and discharge the ash.

[0030] Further, the spraying device 32 comprises a water tank 321 and an electrically controlled nozzle 322. The water tank 321 is installed on the top of the upper box body 311, and the electrically controlled nozzle 322 is arranged on the inner top of the upper box body 311. Water can be sprayed onto the carbonized straw through the electrically controlled nozzle 322, which is controlled by a switch. In addition, a stirring mechanism 33 is arranged on the inner bottom of the upper box body 311 to stir the sprayed carbonized straw to uniformly cool it.

[0031] Further, the carbonization unit further comprises a flue gas treatment device 25 connected with the straw combustion chamber 21 through a flue gas pipeline 26 to guide the flue gas generated by combustion into the flue gas treatment device 25 for treatment and then discharge. In the embodiment, the flue gas treatment device 25 is a conventional flue gas treatment equipment, which can include an activated carbon adsorption tower, a dust bag, and a wind grid filter assembly. The flue gas in the combustion chamber first passes through the wind grid filter assembly, so that the flue gas moves downward in a spiral shape, facilitating the collection of the flue gas. After the flue gas is collected, it enters the activated carbon adsorption tower to remove harmful substances in the flue gas by using the adsorption of activated carbon. The flue gas treated by activated carbon enters the dust bag to filter fine particles in the flue gas by using the filter bag. The device can be placed on a trailer or a four-wheel frame for easy movement.

[0032] Further, the top of the straw combustion chamber 21 is connected with the inside of the straw combustion chamber 21 through a flue gas recovery pipeline 27, which can guide the flue gas in the carbonization process into the combustion chamber for secondary combustion treatment, thereby reducing gas pollution and achieving the recycling of combustion resources.

[0033] Further, the straw combustion chamber 21 is provided with a blowing device 28 to blow air into the straw combustion chamber 21, and the straw combustion chamber 21 is connected with the straw storage chamber 12 through a flue gas preheating pipeline 30. The blowing device 28 is a common fan wheel blower, which can deliver air to the combustion chamber and deliver hot air to the straw storage chamber 12 to preheat the crushed straw,

[0034] Further, the straw combustion chamber 21 is provided with an ignition device 29, which is located at the end of the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt 23 near the discharge port of the straw combustion feeding auger 14. The front end of the ignition device 29 is an alcohol nozzle and an electric spark igniter, which is used to ignite the straw material. After the straw enters the combustion chamber, it will be ignited and then conveyed forward by the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt 23, so as to ensure that the heat generated by combustion can be uniformly transmitted to the straw carbonization chamber 22, thereby improving the carbonization quality.

[0035] Further, temperature measuring probes (not shown) are arranged in the straw combustion chamber 21 and the straw carbonization chamber 22, and are electrically connected with a controller and a display screen (not shown). The straw conveying speed is adjusted according to the temperature change. After the temperature of the straw combustion chamber 21 rises to the preset carbonization temperature, the straw to be carbonized is conveyed into the carbonization furnace to start carbonization. According to the required carbonization temperature and the conveying speed of the straw auger 24, the straw is ensured to complete carbonization when conveyed to the output port in the straw carbonization chamber 22. In the embodiment, a 5 kW diesel generator can be used as a power device to supply power to the whole machine.

[0036] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the utility model, the description is more specific and detailed, but can not therefore be understood as the limitation of the utility model patent range. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled person in the art, without departing from the utility model concept, several deformations and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection range of the utility model. Therefore, the protection range of the utility model patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment, characterized in that, The application relates to a straw carbonization device. The device comprises a crushing unit, a carbonization unit, and a temporary storage unit. The crushing unit comprises a straw crusher (11), a straw storage chamber (12) connected with a discharge port of the straw crusher (11), and a carbonized straw feeding auger (13) and a combustion straw feeding auger (14) installed on the straw storage chamber (12).

2. The continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonization unit comprises a straw combustion chamber (21), a straw carbonization chamber (22) arranged at the top of the straw combustion chamber (21), and a high-temperature-resistant conveying belt (23) installed in the straw carbonization chamber (22), the carbonized straw feeding auger (13) is connected with the straw carbonization chamber (22), a discharge port of the combustion straw feeding auger (14) is located at one end of the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt (23), and a straw spiral auger (24) is installed in the straw carbonization chamber (22). The temporary storage unit comprises a storage box (31) and a spraying device (32), the storage box (31) comprises an upper box body (311) and a lower box body (312), the upper box body (311) is connected with the end of the straw combustion chamber (21), the lower box body (312) is connected with the end of the straw combustion chamber (21), and the spraying device (32) is installed on the upper box body (311).

3. The continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spraying device (32) comprises a water tank (321) and an electrically-controlled nozzle (322), the water tank (321) is installed at the top of the upper box body (311), and the electrically-controlled nozzle (322) is arranged at the inner top of the upper box body (311).

4. The continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, An agitating mechanism (33) is further arranged at the inner bottom of the upper box body (311).

5. The continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonization unit further comprises a flue gas treatment device (25), the flue gas treatment device (25) is connected with the straw combustion chamber (21) through a flue gas pipeline (26).

6. The continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner top of the straw combustion chamber (21) is connected with the straw combustion chamber (21) through a flue gas recovery pipeline (27).

7. The continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air blowing device (28) is installed in the straw combustion chamber (21) to blow air into the straw combustion chamber (21), and the straw combustion chamber (21) is connected with the straw storage chamber (12) through a flue gas preheating pipeline (30).

8. The continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A firing device (29) is installed in the straw combustion chamber (21) and located at the end of the high-temperature-resistant conveying belt (23) close to the discharge port of the combustion straw feeding auger (14).

9. The continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The front end of the firing device (29) is an alcohol nozzle and an electric spark igniter, which are used for igniting straw materials.

10. The continuous straw self-heating carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Temperature measuring probes are arranged in the straw combustion chamber (21) and the straw carbonization chamber (22) and are electrically connected with a controller and a display screen.

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