Tool for turning thin-walled tube with flange

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tool for turning a thin-walled tube with a flange. The tool comprises an adapter disc, four supporting rods, four studs and four pressing plates. The pressing plates are evenly distributed on the end face of the switching disc, and the distance between the inner end face of each pressing plate and the outer circumferential surface of the supporting cylinder of the switching disc is the same as the wall thickness of a workpiece. During use, a workpiece is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the supporting cylinder in a sleeving manner, so that the inner end face of the pressing plate is located on the outer side of the limiting table on the workpiece, and the pressing plate is clamped and fastened through the double-thread screw. The end face of the supporting cylinder is an assembly positioning face. The inner end face of the cylinder section of the workpiece is arranged to be the assembly positioning face so as to avoid stress of the thin-wall portion of the ellipsoidal profile of the workpiece, the problem of vibration of the workpiece in the machining process is effectively solved, finish machining of the thin-walled tube with the flange structure on a lathe is achieved, deformation of the thin-walled tube caused by clamping is reduced, and machining efficiency is improved. Product size out-of-tolerance and surface roughness caused by vibration during finish machining are prevented, and therefore the machining quality of workpieces is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining, specifically to a tooling for machining thin-walled tubes with flange structures. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's aerospace industry, there are more and more parts of various shapes and increasingly complex structures, such as thin-walled tubes with flange structures, like... Figure 1 As shown, this part has the characteristics of a large difference in diameter between its large and small ends and a thin wall thickness of its ellipsoidal surface. Currently, the common machining method for this part is to machine it on a horizontal lathe. First, the outer circle and inner shape of the large end are machined, and then the small end outer circle, inner hole and internal thread are machined after turning it around and clamping it. Since the rigidity of the ellipsoidal surface is the weakest, serious vibration and clamping deformation problems occur when machining the small end, resulting in the product's geometric accuracy and surface roughness failing to meet the design requirements.

[0003] Currently, various measures have been taken to address the severe chattering and deformation issues during the finishing process of slender, thin-walled parts in turning technology. Patent CN202311744624.X discloses a turning fixture for metal spherical thin-walled parts. This fixture includes a jig body 1, a clamping plate 2, and M12×30 threaded screws. Its main advantages are simple structure and convenient operation. The lathe spindle chuck clamps the fixture, converting radial clamping force into axial clamping force, thus reducing product deformation caused by clamping. However, this fixture fails to avoid the ellipsoidal thin-walled portion of the part in this example, and therefore cannot solve the chattering problem during machining. Patent CN2021010537337.8 discloses a machining method and tooling for a cylindrical, slender, thin-walled part. The tooling includes a positioning tooling and an alignment tooling. The positioning tooling consists of a connecting cylinder, a connecting flange, a positioning cylinder, a clamping block, a clamping screw, a stop nut, and a connecting screw. The cylindrical, slender, thin-walled part passes through the inner hole of the tooling. The clamping screw clamps the clamping block, fixing the workpiece within the tooling. The lathe spindle chuck clamps one end of the positioning cylinder, and the lathe center rest clamps the other end, effectively solving the deformation problem during the machining of the cylindrical, slender, thin-walled part. However, this tooling is suitable for longer parts. The part in this example is shorter, and the travel of the lathe center rest cannot reach the end of the lathe spindle chuck, making it unsuitable for this part. Therefore, the key to solving the machining of thin-walled tubes with flanges is: first, to select a reasonable clamping and positioning method according to the structure of the part, avoiding the ellipsoidal thin-walled parts in the part; second, to design reasonable tooling that can not only enhance the rigidity of the workpiece and solve the problem of vibration during the machining of thin-walled parts, but also prevent the workpiece from being deformed due to excessive clamping force, thus affecting the final machining quality of the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as vibration during machining and deformation of thin-walled parts during clamping, this invention proposes a tooling for machining thin-walled tubes with flanges. 1

[0005] The present invention includes a transition disk, a support rod, a double-ended bolt, and a pressure plate; wherein, there are four pressure plates, which are evenly distributed on the end face of the transition disk, and the distance between the inner end face of each pressure plate and the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder of the transition disk is the same as the wall thickness of the workpiece.

[0006] There are four double-ended bolts, one end of each double-ended bolt is mounted on the pressure plate, and the other end is mounted on the flange of the adapter disc.

[0007] There are four support rods, one end of each support rod is embedded in the pressure plate, and the other end is installed on the flange of the adapter disc.

[0008] All four pressure plates are fixed to the flange of the adapter disc by double-ended screws and supported by support rods.

[0009] The adapter disc is a T-shaped hollow rotating body, consisting of a support cylinder and a flange located at one end face of the support cylinder. Four sets of connection holes are evenly distributed on the flange. Each set of connection holes includes a support rod mounting hole and a double-ended screw mounting hole.

[0010] The support rod mounting hole is located near the outer edge of the flange; the double-ended screw mounting hole is located inside the support rod mounting hole, and the center distance between the double-ended screw mounting hole and the support cylinder is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the workpiece.

[0011] The pressure plate is rectangular. The length of the pressure plate is equal to the distance between the outer circumferential surface of the assembled workpiece and the maximum outer diameter of the adapter disk.

[0012] The pressure plate is provided with a strip-shaped through hole for mounting a double-ended screw and a blind hole for limiting the support rod.

[0013] The centerline of the strip-shaped through hole in the width direction coincides with the centerline of the pressure plate in the width direction.

[0014] Due to the large diameter difference between the large and small ends of thin-walled tubes with flanges and the thin wall thickness of their ellipsoidal surfaces, it is necessary to address the issues of vibration during machining and clamping deformation of thin-walled parts when processing the small end. Based on the structural characteristics of this type of part, this invention proposes a machining fixture for thin-walled tubes with flanges, which reduces vibration and clamping deformation during machining of thin-walled parts.

[0015] This invention enables the precision machining of thin-walled tubes with flange structures on a lathe, effectively reducing deformation of thin-walled parts caused by clamping; preventing product dimensional deviations and low surface roughness caused by vibration during precision machining; thereby improving the machining quality of the workpiece.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0017] 1. It can achieve the clamping and alignment of thin-walled tubes with flange structures;

[0018] 2. By setting the inner end face of the workpiece cylindrical section as the assembly positioning surface, the stress on the thin-walled part of the workpiece's ellipsoidal surface can be avoided, effectively solving the problem of workpiece vibration during processing.

[0019] 3. This fixture avoids clamping the workpiece in the radial direction, effectively reducing clamping deformation and cutting deformation, and ensuring the machining accuracy of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece's structure.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adapter disk.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the pressure plate;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A sectional view.

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Rear view.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a double-ended screw.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the support rod.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the tooling.

[0028] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The left view.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of tooling assembly.

[0030] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 The left view.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Adapter disc; 2. Support rod; 3. Double-ended screw; 4. Pressure plate; 5. Nut; 6. Workpiece; 7. Ellipsoidal surface; 8. Small end inner hole; 9. Internal thread. Detailed Implementation

[0032] This embodiment is a tooling for machining thin-walled tubes with flanges, including a transition disc 1, a support rod 2, a double-ended bolt 3, and a pressure plate 4; wherein, there are four pressure plates, which are evenly distributed on the end face of the transition disc, and the distance between the inner end face of each pressure plate and the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder of the transition disc is the same as the wall thickness of the workpiece.

[0033] There are four double-ended bolts, one end of which is installed on the pressure plate, and the other end is installed on the flange of the adapter disc.

[0034] There are four support rods, one end of each support rod is embedded in the pressure plate, and the other end is installed on the flange of the adapter disc.

[0035] All four pressure plates are fixed to the flange of the adapter disc by double-headed screws 3 and supported by support rods 2.

[0036] The adapter disc and pressure plate are made of Q235 steel, and the support rod and double-ended bolts are made of 45 steel.

[0037] The adapter disc is a T-shaped hollow rotating body, consisting of a support cylinder and a flange located at one end face of the support cylinder. Four sets of connection holes are evenly distributed on the flange. Each set of connection holes includes a support rod mounting hole and a double-ended screw mounting hole. The support rod mounting hole is located near the outer edge of the flange; the double-ended screw mounting hole is located inside the support rod mounting hole, and the center distance between the double-ended screw mounting hole and the support cylinder is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the workpiece.

[0038] The pressure plate is rectangular. Its length is equal to the distance between the outer circumferential surface of the assembled workpiece and the maximum outer diameter of the adapter disk. The pressure plate has a strip-shaped through hole for mounting the headstock screw and a blind hole for limiting the support rod. The centerline of the strip-shaped through hole in its width direction coincides with the centerline of the pressure plate in its width direction.

[0039] In use, the workpiece is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder, with the inner end face of the pressure plate positioned outside the limiting platform on the workpiece, and then clamped and secured using a double-ended screw. The end face of the support cylinder serves as the assembly positioning surface.

[0040] Specific operating instructions:

[0041] Clamp the flange end of the adapter disk 1 onto the lathe spindle, and align the outer circle of the support cylinder of the adapter disk 1, ensuring the end face runout is within 0.01 mm. Fit the workpiece cylinder section onto the outer circle of the support hole of the adapter disk 1, with the inner end face of the workpiece cylinder section serving as the assembly positioning surface. This avoids stress on the thin-walled part of the ellipsoidal surface of the workpiece, reducing vibration during workpiece machining. Screw the double-ended screw 3 onto the inner threaded hole of the flange of the adapter disc 1, and screw the support rod 2 onto the outer threaded hole. The double-ended screw 3 passes through the elongated hole of the pressure plate 4. Adjust the pressure plate 4 so that it presses against the outer stepped circle of the workpiece cylindrical section. Install the support rod 2 on the limiting hole of the pressure plate 4. Install the nut 5 on the double-ended screw 3. First, lightly tighten the nut 5. After aligning the runout of the machined inner hole of the workpiece to be less than 0.02mm, tighten the nut 5 so that the pressure plate 5 presses the workpiece. By pressing the end face of the workpiece with the pressure plate, the radial direction of the product is not affected by the clamping force during the turning process, and the clamping deformation of the workpiece is reduced.

Claims

1. A tooling for turning a thin-walled tube having a flange, characterized by, The adapter disc, the support rod, the stud bolt and the pressing plate are included; the pressing plate has four, which are evenly distributed on the end face of the adapter disc, and the spacing between the inner end face of each pressing plate and the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder of the adapter disc is the same as the wall thickness of the workpiece; The stud bolt has four, one end of each stud bolt is installed on the pressing plate, and the other end is installed on the flange of the adapter disc; The support rod has four, one end of each support rod is embedded in the pressing plate, and the other end is installed on the flange of the adapter disc; The four pressing plates are fixed to the flange of the adapter disc through the stud bolt, and are supported by the support rod.

2. The tooling for machining a thin-walled pipe having a flange according to claim 1, wherein The adapter disc is a T-shaped hollow body, which is composed of a support cylinder and a flange located at one end face of the support cylinder; the flange is evenly distributed with four groups of connecting holes; each group of connecting holes includes a support rod mounting hole and a stud bolt mounting hole.

3. The tooling for machining a thin-walled tube having a flange according to claim 2, wherein The support rod mounting hole is close to the outer edge of the flange; the stud bolt mounting hole is located on the inner side of the support rod mounting hole, and the center distance between the stud bolt mounting hole and the support cylinder is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the workpiece.

4. The tooling for machining a thin-walled tube having a flange as defined in claim 1, wherein, The pressing plate is rectangular; the length of the pressing plate is equal to the distance between the outer circumferential surface of the assembled workpiece and the maximum outer diameter of the adapter disc.

5. The tooling for machining thin-walled tubes having flanges according to claim 4, characterized in that, The strip-shaped through hole for installing the stud bolt and the blind hole for limiting the support rod are provided on the pressing plate.

6. The tooling for machining a thin-walled tube having a flange as set forth in claim 5, wherein, The center line of the strip-shaped through hole in the width direction coincides with the center line of the pressing plate in the width direction.

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