Marine fireproof airtight optical cable
By using a composite structure of nano-aerogel composite tape and reinforced mica tape, the comprehensive performance problem of marine cables under flame and vibration is solved, achieving excellent fire resistance, heat insulation, lightweight and flexibility, and adapting to the complex wiring environment of ships.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202620007388.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2036-01-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing marine cables cannot simultaneously meet the comprehensive performance requirements of excellent fire resistance, heat insulation, lightweight, flexibility and vibration adaptability. In particular, they are prone to cracking and falling off under flame impact and mechanical vibration, resulting in insufficient reliability.
The composite structure of nano-aerogel composite tape and reinforced mica tape is adopted. The nano-aerogel composite tape serves as the inner heat insulation barrier, and the reinforced mica tape serves as the outer fire-resistant shell. Combined with low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material and galvanized steel wire armor layer, it forms a synergistic protection.
It achieves effective heat insulation under fire conditions, reduces internal temperature, enhances fire resistance, improves flexibility and vibration resistance, reduces weight, and facilitates deployment in complex ship environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN223911098U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to cable technical field especially relates to a marine fire -resistant gas -tight optical cable. BACKGROUND
[0002] At present, the cable arrangement in the ship is dense and the space is closed, and when fire occurs, the power and communication of key equipment such as fire pump, emergency lighting and communication system need to be ensured in a very short time, so as to gain time for personnel evacuation and fire extinguishing, therefore the fire resistance of the cable is very important.
[0003] The traditional marine fire -resistant cable mainly adopts the following two structures: one is mica tape winding structure, which is wrapped with mica tape outside the conductor, relies on the loss of crystal water of mica at high temperature and forms a fire -resistant hard shell by glassing, but the heat insulation effect is limited, is easy to powder at high temperature, and the combination with the conductor is not tight enough, and is easy to fail under the impact of flame and continuous vibration, the second is mineral insulated cable, which uses magnesium oxide powder as a fire -resistant layer, although the fire resistance is excellent, but there are problems of complex manufacturing process, high cost, heavy weight and large bending radius, and it is not convenient to install in the complex wiring environment of the ship.
[0004] However, the above existing technologies all have obvious defects. The mica tape structure is unbalanced in fire resistance and heat insulation performance, and the internal temperature is easy to rise rapidly, and the mineral insulated cable is difficult to balance light weight and flexibility. Under the condition of continuous mechanical vibration and flame impact, the fire -resistant layer may crack and fall off, and the reliability is insufficient. Therefore, the existing marine fire -resistant cable is difficult to meet the comprehensive performance requirements of excellent fire resistance, heat insulation, light weight, flexibility and vibration adaptability.
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing marine optical cable to solve the above problems. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0006] The utility model aims at providing a marine fire -resistant gas -tight optical cable to solve the problem that the existing marine cable is difficult to meet the comprehensive performance requirements of excellent fire resistance, heat insulation, light weight, flexibility and vibration adaptability.
[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a marine fire -resistant gas -tight optical cable, the marine fire -resistant gas -tight optical cable includes a plurality of cable cores, nanometer aerogel composite tape covered outside the plurality of cable cores, reinforced mica tape covered outside the nanometer aerogel composite tape, protective layer covered outside the reinforced mica tape, and the nanometer aerogel composite tape takes flexible silica aerogel felt or fiber reinforced silica aerogel composite material as the base material.
[0008] As a further improvement of the utility model, the thickness of the nanometer aerogel composite tape is 0.5-2.0mm.
[0009] As a further improvement of the utility model, the pore size of the aerogel of the nanometer aerogel composite tape is 10-50 nanometers, and the specific surface area is greater than 600m 2 / g.
[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, the reinforced mica tape is made of glass cloth or polyimide film.
[0011] As a further improvement of the utility model, the reinforced mica tape is wrapped outside the nanometer aerogel composite tape in a 45°-50° overlapping wrapping mode.
[0012] As a further improvement of the utility model, the cable core comprises a plurality of optical fibers, a loose sleeve pipe wrapped outside the plurality of optical fibers, and a mica tape layer wrapped outside the loose sleeve pipe, and the loose sleeve pipe is filled with air-tight filling.
[0013] As a further improvement of the utility model, the marine fire-resistant air-tight optical cable further comprises a reinforcing member, the reinforcing member is arranged in the middle, and the plurality of cable cores are arranged in a circumferential array around the reinforcing member.
[0014] As a further improvement of the utility model, the protective layer comprises an inner sheath, an armor layer and an outer sheath from inside to outside.
[0015] As a further improvement of the utility model, the inner sheath and the outer sheath are made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material.
[0016] As a further improvement of the utility model, the armor layer is made of galvanized steel wire.
[0017] The marine fire-resistant air-tight optical cable of the utility model adopts the composite structure of the nanometer aerogel composite tape and the reinforced mica tape, realizes collaborative protection, the outer reinforced mica tape forms a firm ceramic insulation shell when encountering fire, realizes fireproof protection, the inner nanometer aerogel composite tape forms a high-efficiency heat insulation barrier, and the internal temperature is far lower than the external temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitation on the present application.
[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the marine fire-resistant air-tight optical cable of the utility model.
[0020] Fig. 1 is a marine fire-resistant gas-tight optical cable; 11 is a cable core; 111 is an optical fiber; 112 is a loose tube; 113 is a mica tape layer; 12 is a nano aerogel composite tape; 13 is a reinforced mica tape; 14 is a protective layer; 141 is an inner sheath; 142 is an armor layer; 143 is an outer sheath; 15 is a reinforcing member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0023] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0024] As shown in Figure 1 The marine fire-resistant gas-tight optical cable 1 of the present application comprises a plurality of cable cores 11, a nano aerogel composite tape 12 wrapped outside the plurality of cable cores 11, a reinforced mica tape 13 wrapped outside the nano aerogel composite tape 12, and a protective layer 14 wrapped outside the reinforced mica tape 13. The nano aerogel composite tape 12 uses flexible silica aerogel felt or fiber-reinforced silica aerogel composite material as the base material.
[0025] In this embodiment, both the nanometer aerogel composite tape 12 and the reinforced mica tape 13 are used, creating a unique "outer fireproof and inner thermal insulation" double protection mechanism. When encountering a fire, the outer reinforced mica tape 13 acts first, forming a solid ceramic-like insulating hard shell at high temperature, effectively resisting flame impact and ensuring the structure does not collapse, bearing the main fire-resistant insulation function. At the same time, the nanometer aerogel composite tape 12, which is in close contact with the cable core 11, acts as the core thermal insulation barrier, using its nano-porous structure with extremely low thermal conductivity to greatly block the transfer of external high temperature to the internal cable core 11.
[0026] The nanometer aerogel composite tape 12 uses a flexible substrate, which is a key material choice that is the core of the flexibility of this solution, fundamentally avoiding the rigidity and brittleness of traditional mineral insulated cables, allowing the marine fire-resistant and airtight optical cable 1 to withstand necessary bending and facilitate installation in complex spaces on ships. At the same time, this flexible composite tape, combined with the reinforced mica tape 13 and the protective layer 14, forms a whole structure rather than a simple rigid stack, effectively absorbing and dispersing the stress caused by mechanical vibration.
[0027] The lightweight nanometer aerogel composite material and the polymer protective layer 14 replace the high-density magnesium oxide powder and metal sheath in traditional mineral insulated cables, greatly reducing the weight of the entire marine fire-resistant and airtight optical cable 1 structure. Not only does this reduce the load on the ship, but it also makes the cable easier to transport and lay, improving construction efficiency.
[0028] The marine fire-resistant and airtight optical cable 1 of this patent application can simultaneously meet the requirements of excellent fire resistance, thermal insulation, lightweight, flexibility, and vibration adaptability.
[0029] The thickness of the nanometer aerogel composite tape 12 is 0.5-2.0 mm.
[0030] The nanometer aerogel composite tape 12 has a thickness of no less than 0.5 mm, ensuring that the nanometer aerogel material has sufficient volume to form an effective "thermal insulation barrier". The thickness is no more than 2.0 mm, effectively controlling the thickness of this key functional layer and avoiding the problem of excessive thickness of the thermal insulation layer, which would result in an excessively large outer diameter of the cable, increased weight, and increased rigidity. This directly benefits the overall lightweight and flexibility of the cable, allowing it to adapt to complex and narrow wiring spaces within ships and have good bending performance, solving the "installation inconvenience" problem of traditional mineral insulated cables due to their thickness, weight, and large bending radius. The thickness range ensures that the extremely low thermal conductivity (less than 0.02 W / m·K) of the nanometer aerogel composite tape 12 can fully function, achieving a significant thermal insulation effect of "an internal temperature that is more than 150°C lower than that of a cable using only mica tape under the same fire conditions", providing a key guarantee for meeting high-standard fire resistance time requirements.
[0031] The nanoporous aerogel of the nanoporous aerogel composite tape 12 has a pore size of 10-50 nm and a specific surface area of more than 600 m 2 / g. The nanoporous aerogel has a nanoporous size (10-50 nm) that effectively limits the heat transfer by air molecule convection, and a large specific surface area (600 m 2 / g) that enhances the scattering and absorption of thermal radiation. The two work together to make the nanoporous aerogel composite tape 12 have a very low thermal conductivity, so that it can act as a core "heat shield" in a fire, greatly slowing down the heat transfer inward, which is the physical basis for achieving the excellent heat insulation effect of "the internal temperature being more than 150°C lower than that of the cable with only mica tape".
[0032] The reinforced mica tape 13 is made of glass cloth or polyimide film. By using glass cloth or polyimide film as the reinforcing substrate, the mechanical strength and tear resistance of the reinforced mica tape 13 are significantly improved, so that it is not easy to crack or powder under the continuous mechanical vibration and flame impact of the ship, thereby ensuring the structural integrity of the high-temperature insulation hard shell composed of the reinforced mica tape 13 and improving the overall reliability of the fire-resistant layer.
[0033] The reinforced mica tape 13 is wrapped around the nanoporous aerogel composite tape 12 in a 45°-50° overlapping manner. This wrapping method can make the structure of the reinforced mica tape 13 more continuous and dense, effectively prevent high-temperature flame and smoke from penetrating from the joint, and at the same time enhance the structural strength and consistency of the overall fire-resistant layer, so that it is not easy to loosen or crack under the high temperature of the fire and external mechanical vibration, thereby ensuring the stable formation and persistent protection of the insulation hard shell.
[0034] The cable core 11 includes a plurality of optical fibers 111, a loose tube 112 wrapped around the plurality of optical fibers 111, and a mica tape layer 113 wrapped around the loose tube 112, and the loose tube 112 is filled with airtight filling. The airtight filling in the loose tube 112 and the combination with the outer mica tape layer 113 achieve multiple protection for the optical fibers 111, the airtight filling can effectively prevent moisture and harmful gases from penetrating longitudinally, and ensure the transmission stability; and the mica tape layer 113 owned by each optical fiber 111 alone provides the first fire-resistant insulation barrier in the early stage of fire, and forms a synergistic protection with the overall fire-resistant layer after cabling, significantly improving the survival probability and signal integrity of the optical fibers 111 in harsh environments.
[0035] The loose tube 112 is filled with ointment. The ointment filling can achieve a fire-retardant airtight effect, effectively preventing the longitudinal transmission of toxic and harmful gases in the loose tube 112.
[0036] In addition, the nanoporous aerogel composite tape 12 is filled with ointment, and the ointment is filled between the cable cores 11, which can also effectively prevent the longitudinal transmission of toxic and harmful gases in the nanoporous aerogel composite tape 12.
[0037] The fire-resistant and airtight optical cable 1 for ship further comprises a reinforcing member 15, which is arranged in the middle part, and the plurality of cable cores 11 are arranged in a circumferential array around the reinforcing member 15. The reinforcing member 15 has the effect of increasing the strength of the fire-resistant and airtight optical cable 1 for ship, and avoiding damage caused by bending.
[0038] The protective layer 14 comprises an inner sheath 141, an armor layer 142 and an outer sheath 143 from inside to outside. The inner sheath 141 and the outer sheath 143 are made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material. The armor layer 142 is made of galvanized steel wire. The structure of the protective layer 14 ensures the overall flame-retardant and environmentally friendly properties of the fire-resistant and airtight optical cable 1 for ship through the two layers of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant sheaths, and does not produce toxic halogen acid gas and thick smoke during combustion. The middle galvanized steel wire armor layer 142 provides excellent mechanical protection performance and impact resistance, enhances the durability of the fire-resistant and airtight optical cable 1 for ship in complex ship environments, and at the same time, the woven structure ensures that the fire-resistant and airtight optical cable 1 for ship still has good flexibility.
[0039] The fire-resistant and airtight optical cable 1 for ship adopts the composite structure of the nanometer aerogel composite tape 12 and the reinforced mica tape 13, realizes collaborative protection, the outer reinforced mica tape 13 forms a firm ceramic insulation shell when encountering fire, realizes fire-resistant protection, and the inner nanometer aerogel composite tape 12 forms a high-efficiency heat insulation barrier, so that the internal temperature is much lower than the external temperature. The flexible aerogel base material and the reinforced mica tape 13 are complementary in rigidity and flexibility, which not only guarantees the flexibility and vibration resistance of the fire-resistant and airtight optical cable for ship, but also avoids the risk of cracking under vibration impact, and the overall structure is stable and light in weight, and finally realizes overall consideration in terms of fire resistance, heat insulation, flexibility and vibration adaptability.
[0040] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, and to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictory, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
[0041] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the utility model, the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as the limitation of the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, on the premise of not departing from the concept of the utility model, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A fire resistant, gas tight optical cable for marine use, characterized in that: The fire-resistant and airtight optical cable for ships comprises a plurality of cable cores, a nanometer aerogel composite tape wrapped outside the cable cores, a reinforced mica tape wrapped outside the nanometer aerogel composite tape, and a protective layer wrapped outside the reinforced mica tape, wherein the nanometer aerogel composite tape is made of flexible silica aerogel felt or fiber-reinforced silica aerogel composite material as a base material, the reinforced mica tape is made of glass cloth or polyimide film, and the reinforced mica tape is wrapped outside the nanometer aerogel composite tape in a 45°-50° overlapping manner.
2. Marine fire resistant gas tight optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the nanometer aerogel composite tape is 0.5-2.0 mm.
3. The fire resistant gas tight optical cable for marine use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nanoporous aerogel of the nanoporous aerogel composite tape has a pore size of 10-50 nm and a specific surface area of greater than 600 m 2 / g.
4. The fire resistant gas tight optical cable for marine use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable core comprises a plurality of optical fibers, a loose tube wrapped outside the optical fibers, and a mica tape layer wrapped outside the loose tube, wherein the loose tube is filled with air-tight filling.
5. The fire resistant gas tight optical cable for marine use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire-resistant and airtight optical cable for ships further comprises a reinforcing member, which is arranged in the middle part and around which the plurality of cable cores are arranged in a circumferential array.
6. The fire resistant gas tight optical cable for marine use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer comprises an inner sheath, an armor layer, and an outer sheath from inside to outside.
7. A fire resistant gas tight cable for marine use according to claim 6, characterised in that: The inner sheath and the outer sheath are made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material.
8. A fire resistant gas tight cable for marine use according to claim 6, characterised in that: The armor layer is made of galvanized steel wire.