Household garbage pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation

Abstract

The utility model provides a household garbage pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation, which comprises a garbage pyrolysis furnace module, a high-temperature ash collecting module and a high-temperature ash transporting and lifting module, the high-temperature ash collecting module is arranged at the bottom of the garbage pyrolysis furnace module, and the high-temperature ash transporting and lifting module is arranged at the bottom of the garbage pyrolysis furnace module. The high-temperature ash recycling device has the advantages that high-temperature ash generated in the pyrolysis process is fed into the furnace again through the high-temperature ash recycling device, the temperature in the garbage pyrolysis furnace is increased, the yield of pyrolysis gas is increased, and the energy consumption is reduced. And the risk that tar blocks a pyrolysis gas outlet pipeline is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to garbage pyrolysis technical field especially with high temperature ash cycle's domestic waste pyrolysis system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid economic development and the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of domestic waste is showing explosive growth. Domestic waste disposal has become one of the important problems in urban management. The traditional garbage disposal methods mainly include landfill, composting and incineration. Although these methods can alleviate the pressure of garbage disposal to some extent, there are still many problems.

[0003] Landfill is the most common way of garbage disposal, but this method has a serious problem of wasting land resources. With the increasing shortage of urban land resources, it is becoming more and more difficult to select a landfill site. In addition, the leakage problem of landfill site may also cause pollution of groundwater and soil. Composting is a method of converting organic waste into fertilizer, but its processing efficiency is low, and the classification of waste is high. In actual operation, due to incomplete waste classification, the composting quality is unstable, and it is difficult to be widely applied. Incineration can effectively reduce the volume and weight of waste, but its investment and operating cost is high, and harmful substances such as dioxin may be produced during the incineration process, which poses a threat to the environment and human health.

[0004] In recent years, pyrolysis technology as a new garbage disposal technology has attracted widespread attention. Pyrolysis is a process in which organic matter in waste is decomposed into smaller molecules of gas, liquid and solid under anaerobic or anoxic conditions through high temperature. Pyrolysis technology can effectively reduce the volume of waste, while recovering heat energy and valuable chemical substances, realizing the resource utilization of waste.

[0005] However, kitchen waste, paper and other water-absorbing substances contained in domestic waste may not be able to effectively remove the bound water or adsorbed water in the waste during the simple pretreatment process. The pyrolysis gas generated after entering the waste pyrolysis furnace has a low temperature, and the content of water and polar compounds in the pyrolysis gas increases, which reduces the fluidity of tar, greatly increasing the probability of tar blockage at the outlet of the pyrolysis gas. Correspondingly, the increase of temperature in the pyrolysis furnace can promote the cracking of organic matter, increase the yield of pyrolysis gas and reduce the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin. In addition, the high-temperature ash generated during the pyrolysis process cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in a certain heat loss. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a domestic waste pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation.

[0007] The utility model discloses a domestic waste pyrolysis system with high temperature ash circulation, including the garbage pyrolysis furnace module, high temperature ash collection module and high temperature ash transportation and promotion module, high temperature ash collection module is arranged at the bottom of garbage pyrolysis furnace module, high temperature ash transportation and promotion module is arranged in the side of garbage pyrolysis furnace module, the garbage pyrolysis furnace module includes furnace wall, furnace top, garbage inlet, high temperature ash inlet, garbage quantity control valve, ash quantity control valve, buffer bin, garbage / high temperature ash comprehensive entrance, hopper and slag outlet.

[0008] On this basis, the garbage / high temperature ash comprehensive entrance is opened in the middle region of the furnace top, the garbage inlet and the high temperature ash inlet are respectively opened in both ends of the garbage / high temperature ash comprehensive entrance, the buffer bin is arranged on the furnace top, the buffer bin outlet is connected with the high temperature ash inlet, the ash quantity control valve is arranged in the middle of the buffer bin outlet and the high temperature ash inlet, the garbage quantity control valve is arranged above the garbage inlet, the hopper is arranged at the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace, and the slag outlet is opened in the middle region of the bottom of the hopper.

[0009] On this basis, the high temperature ash collection module includes the ash accumulation bin and the slag discharge device, the ash accumulation bin inlet is connected with the pyrolysis furnace slag outlet, one way of the ash accumulation bin outlet is connected with the slag outlet, and the other way is connected with the high temperature ash transportation and promotion module.

[0010] On this basis, the high temperature ash transportation and promotion module includes the elevator, the bottom of the elevator is connected with the ash accumulation bin outlet, and the top is connected with the buffer bin.

[0011] On this basis, the ash accumulation bin and the buffer bin are all provided with heat preservation devices.

[0012] On this basis, the capacity of the buffer bin is not less than 20 minutes according to the rated ash discharge amount.

[0013] A kind of operation method of domestic waste pyrolysis system with high temperature ash circulation, by garbage quantity control valve adjustment furnace garbage amount, by high temperature ash quantity control valve adjustment high temperature ash amount, garbage and high temperature ash are respectively through garbage inlet and high temperature ash inlet, then enter garbage pyrolysis furnace through garbage / high temperature ash comprehensive entrance, garbage and high temperature ash carry out mixing and pyrolysis reaction in pyrolysis furnace, and the ash slag generated falls into hopper bottom from slag outlet and is stored in ash accumulation bin, part of ash slag is transported to buffer bin by elevator, another part of ash slag in ash accumulation bin is discharged from slag discharge device garbage pyrolysis system;The elevator transports high temperature ash to buffer bin and waits ash quantity control valve regulation enters pyrolysis furnace

[0014] On this basis, garbage single feeding time is controlled at 20s~120s, and high temperature ash single feeding time is controlled at 30s~100s.

[0015] On this basis, in the single garbage and high-temperature ash feeding process, the ratio of the garbage feeding mass flow rate to the high-temperature ash feeding mass flow rate is 1:0.3-1:5.

[0016] On this basis, the garbage and high-temperature ash feeding mode takes "garbage-high-temperature ash" as one cycle, and in the single garbage and high-temperature ash feeding process, the feeding cycle experienced by the garbage and high-temperature ash is not less than 3.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model discloses a high-temperature ash collecting module and a high-temperature ash transportation and lifting module are used to send the high-temperature ash into the pyrolysis furnace, and when the high-temperature ash is discharged from the pyrolysis furnace, the temperature is high (the discharge temperature is usually higher than 500 DEG C), so when the high-temperature ash is recycled into the system, it is equivalent to being used as a low-cost "fuel additive", and the calorific value of the material is increased, and when the high-temperature circulating ash and the material are fed into the furnace, the material and the high-temperature ash directly contact each other. This process is equivalent to the material being heated by an external heat source in the drying stage, thereby accelerating the drying process, and the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis section is also heated by the high-temperature circulating ash in the drying section, thereby significantly improving the temperature of the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace. At the same time, due to the fact that the porosity of the material in the drying section is significantly increased due to the evaporation of water, and the height of the drying section is shortened, the uniformity of the pyrolysis gas passing through the material is obviously improved, and the flow resistance of the gas path is also significantly reduced, and the risk of gas path blockage in the drying section is also obviously reduced. In addition, the high-temperature circulating ash may contain unburned carbon residues and other combustible components, and recycling the high-temperature circulating ash into the pyrolysis furnace will help to further burn the combustible components in the high-temperature circulating ash. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is the garbage pyrolysis system structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0019] In the drawing: A, pyrolysis furnace module;B, high-temperature ash collecting module;C, high-temperature ash transportation and lifting module;0, material;1, garbage inlet;2, high-temperature ash inlet;3, garbage / high-temperature ash comprehensive inlet;4, ash bucket;5, discharge port;6, furnace wall;7, garbage quantity control valve;8, ash accumulation bin;9, elevator;10, buffer bin;11, ash quantity control valve;12, furnace top;13, discharge device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The utility model will be further explained in detail in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0021] In a fixed-bed pyrolysis furnace, material 0 goes through four stages in sequence: drying, pyrolysis, gasification and combustion. The temperature of material 0 also increases in sequence. Especially in the drying section, the temperature of material 0 is usually low, generally not exceeding 200℃. Material 0 in this stage usually has a high moisture content, which makes it easy to clump and cause gas path blockage, thus greatly increasing the non-uniformity of flue gas flow.

[0022] This utility model discloses a municipal solid waste pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation, including a waste pyrolysis furnace module A, a high-temperature ash collection module B, and a high-temperature ash transport and lifting module C. The high-temperature ash collection module B is arranged at the bottom of the waste pyrolysis furnace module A, and the high-temperature ash transport and lifting module C is arranged on the side of the waste pyrolysis furnace module A. The waste pyrolysis furnace module A includes a furnace wall 6, a furnace top 12, a waste inlet 1, a high-temperature ash inlet 2, a waste quantity control valve 7, an ash quantity control valve 11, a buffer silo 10, a waste / high-temperature ash integrated inlet 3, an ash hopper 4, and a slag outlet 5.

[0023] The waste / high-temperature ash integrated inlet 3 is located in the middle area of ​​the furnace top 12. The waste inlet 1 and the high-temperature ash inlet 2 are located at the two ends of the waste / high-temperature ash integrated inlet 3, respectively. The buffer silo 10 is located on the furnace top 12. The outlet of the buffer silo 10 is connected to the high-temperature ash inlet 2. An ash quantity control valve 11 is installed between the outlet of the buffer silo 10 and the high-temperature ash inlet 2. A waste quantity control valve 7 is installed above the waste inlet 1. The ash hopper 4 is arranged in the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace. The slag outlet 5 is located in the middle area of ​​the bottom of the ash hopper 4.

[0024] The high-temperature ash collection module B includes an ash collection bin 8 and a slag discharge device 13. The inlet of the ash collection bin 8 is connected to the slag outlet 5 of the pyrolysis furnace, and one outlet of the ash collection bin 8 is connected to the slag outlet 5, while the other outlet is connected to the high-temperature ash transport and lifting module C.

[0025] The high-temperature ash transport and lifting module C includes a hoist 9, the bottom of which is connected to the outlet of the ash collection bin 8, and the top of which is connected to the buffer bin 10.

[0026] Both the ash collection bin 8 and the buffer bin 10 are equipped with heat preservation devices.

[0027] The capacity of buffer bin 10 is calculated based on the rated ash discharge capacity and shall not be less than 20 minutes.

[0028] An operation method for a municipal solid waste pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation: The amount of waste fed into the furnace is regulated by a waste quantity control valve 7, and the amount of high-temperature ash is regulated by a high-temperature ash quantity control valve 11. Waste and high-temperature ash enter the waste pyrolysis furnace through waste inlet 1 and high-temperature ash inlet 2, respectively, and then through a combined waste / high-temperature ash inlet 3. The waste and high-temperature ash undergo mixing and pyrolysis within the furnace. The resulting ash falls to the bottom of the ash hopper 4 and enters the ash collection bin 8 through the slag outlet 5 for storage. A portion of the ash is transported to a buffer bin 10 by a hoist 9, while the remaining ash in the ash collection bin 8 is discharged from the waste pyrolysis system through a slag discharge device 13. The hoist 9 transports the high-temperature ash to the buffer bin 10 to await adjustment by the ash quantity control valve 11 before it enters the pyrolysis furnace.

[0029] The single feeding time for waste should be controlled between 20s and 120s, and the single feeding time for high-temperature ash should be controlled between 30s and 100s.

[0030] In a single waste and high-temperature ash feeding process, the ratio of waste feed mass flow rate to high-temperature ash feed mass flow rate is 1:0.3 to 1:5.

[0031] The waste and high-temperature ash feeding method takes "waste-high-temperature ash" as one cycle. In a single waste and high-temperature ash feeding process, the waste and high-temperature ash go through no less than 3 feeding cycles.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the pyrolysis furnace consists of a furnace wall 6 and a furnace roof 12, with a rectangular cross-section measuring 5m × 3m and a height of 10m. The waste inlet 1 and the high-temperature ash inlet 2 are respectively located to the left and right of the combined waste / high-temperature ash inlet 3, which is located at the center of the furnace roof 12 and is rectangular in shape, measuring 1m × 1m. The ash hopper 4 is located at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace. The slag outlet 5 is located at the bottom of the ash hopper 4. The ash collection bin 8 is located on the right side of the pyrolysis furnace. The elevator 9 is located to the right of the ash collection bin 8, at a height of 15m. The buffer bin 10 is located at the top of the pyrolysis furnace. Based on the rated ash discharge rate, the buffer bin capacity can be maintained for 30 minutes.

[0033] In this embodiment, waste 0 and high-temperature ash enter the waste pyrolysis furnace through waste inlet 1 and high-temperature ash inlet 2, respectively, and then through the waste / high-temperature ash integrated inlet 3. The waste and high-temperature ash are mixed and pyrolyzed within the furnace. The generated ash falls to the bottom of the ash hopper 4 and enters the ash collection bin 8 through the slag outlet 5 for storage. The elevator 9 transports the high-temperature ash from the ash collection bin 8 to the buffer bin 10. The high-temperature ash control valve 11 controls the feeding of high-temperature ash every 60 seconds, with a feeding time of 30 seconds. The waste control valve 7 controls the feeding of waste every 30 seconds, with a feeding time of 30 seconds. Both garbage and high-temperature ash are fed uniformly. The mass flow rate of garbage feeding is 15t / d and the mass flow rate of high-temperature ash feeding is 20t / d. The feeding method of garbage and high-temperature ash is "garbage-high-temperature ash" as one cycle. The current feeding process is completed after 5 cycles of garbage and high-temperature ash feeding. Garbage and high-temperature ash are mixed, dried and pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace. After the garbage and high-temperature ash are pyrolyzed, the resulting ash slag falls into the bottom of ash hopper 4 and enters ash collection bin 8 from slag outlet 5 for storage. Every 30 minutes, part of the ash slag in ash collection bin 8 is discharged from the garbage pyrolysis system through the slag discharge device.

[0034] Compared with existing technologies, this invention uses a high-temperature ash collection module B and a high-temperature ash transport and lifting module C to send high-temperature ash into the pyrolysis furnace. Because the ash is discharged from the pyrolysis furnace at a high temperature (the slag discharge temperature is usually above 500℃), when the high-temperature ash is recycled back into the system, it acts as a low-cost "fuel additive," increasing the calorific value of material 0. When the high-temperature circulating ash and material 0 enter the furnace, the material 0 and the high-temperature ash are in direct contact. This process is equivalent to material 0 being heated by an external heat source during the drying stage, thereby accelerating the drying process. The pyrolysis ash exiting the pyrolysis section... The gas is also heated by the high-temperature circulating ash in the drying section, which significantly increases the pyrolysis gas discharge temperature of the pyrolysis furnace. At the same time, due to the significant increase in the porosity of material 0 in the drying section caused by the evaporation of moisture, and the shortening of the drying section height, the uniformity of the pyrolysis gas passing through material 0 is significantly improved, and the gas flow resistance will also be significantly reduced. At the same time, the risk of gas path blockage in the drying section is also significantly reduced. In addition, the high-temperature circulating ash may contain unburned carbon residue and other combustible components. Recirculating it back to the pyrolysis furnace will help further burn off the combustible components in the high-temperature circulating ash.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0036] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixing", "screw connection", "pad", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The foregoing description illustrates and describes preferred embodiments of the present invention. As previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or related technical or knowledge. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A municipal solid waste pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash recycling, characterized in that: The waste pyrolysis furnace module (A), the high-temperature ash collection module (B), and the high-temperature ash transport and lifting module (C) are included. The high-temperature ash collection module (B) is located at the bottom of the waste pyrolysis furnace module (A), and the high-temperature ash transport and lifting module (C) is located on the side of the waste pyrolysis furnace module (A). The waste pyrolysis furnace module (A) includes a furnace wall (6), a furnace top (12), a waste inlet (1), a high-temperature ash inlet (2), a waste quantity control valve (7), an ash quantity control valve (11), a buffer silo (10), a waste / high-temperature ash integrated inlet (3), an ash hopper (4), and a slag outlet (5).

2. The municipal solid waste pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste / high-temperature ash integrated inlet (3) is located in the middle area of ​​the furnace top (12). The waste inlet (1) and the high-temperature ash inlet (2) are located at the two ends of the waste / high-temperature ash integrated inlet (3). The buffer silo (10) is located on the furnace top (12). The outlet of the buffer silo (10) is connected to the high-temperature ash inlet (2). An ash quantity control valve (11) is set between the outlet of the buffer silo (10) and the high-temperature ash inlet (2). A waste quantity control valve (7) is set above the waste inlet (1). The ash hopper (4) is located at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace. The slag outlet (5) is located in the middle area at the bottom of the ash hopper (4).

3. The municipal solid waste pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-temperature ash collection module (B) includes an ash collection bin (8) and a slag discharge device (13). The inlet of the ash collection bin (8) is connected to the slag outlet (5) of the pyrolysis furnace, and one outlet of the ash collection bin (8) is connected to the slag outlet (5), and the other outlet is connected to the high-temperature ash transport and lifting module (C).

4. The municipal solid waste pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-temperature ash transport and lifting module (C) includes a hoist (9), the bottom of which is connected to the outlet of the ash silo (8), and the top of which is connected to the buffer silo (10).

5. The municipal solid waste pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the ash collection bin (8) and the buffer bin (10) are equipped with heat preservation devices.

6. The municipal solid waste pyrolysis system with high-temperature ash circulation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The capacity of the buffer chamber (10) is calculated based on the rated ash discharge capacity and shall not be less than 20 minutes.

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