Low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode
By employing a metal mesh and a transparent conductive oxide filling layer in the flexible photovoltaic electrode, the problems of high material cost and fragility are solved, enabling low-cost and high-efficiency flexible photovoltaic electrode applications.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing flexible photovoltaic electrode materials are expensive, fragile, and have weak adhesion, which limits their large-scale commercial application.
The design employs a metal mesh support framework and a transparent conductive oxide filling layer, combined with photolithography, 3D printing or nanoimprinting technology to form an ultrathin metal mesh. Low-cost materials such as ITO, FTO, ZnO, AZO, and Al2O3 are used, and an adhesive layer is used to enhance the adhesion of the substrate and prevent deformation.
It reduces material costs, improves the strength and adhesion of flexible photovoltaic electrodes, reduces the use of rare materials, and lowers the sheet resistance of composite electrodes to ≤5Ω/□, thereby improving the efficiency of flexible perovskite solar cells.
Smart Images
Figure CN223968152U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flexible photovoltaic electrode technology, specifically a low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode. Background Technology
[0002] Flexible solar cells have great application potential due to their unique characteristics, such as light weight, flexibility, and portability. Currently, flexible electrodes are mainly composed of PET or PEN plastic films and ITO or FTO conductive layers. Although good results have been achieved in the laboratory, their high material cost, fragility, and weak adhesion limit their large-scale commercial application. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode, comprising an electrode body, which is composed of a substrate, a filling layer, and a centrifugal membrane. The middle of the electrode body is the substrate, the filling layer is located above the substrate, a metal mesh is provided in the middle of the filling layer, a release film is located below the substrate, and an adhesive layer is provided between the substrate and the centrifugal membrane.
[0005] Preferably, the metal mesh pattern is created by patterning an ultra-thin metal mesh of ~nm using photolithography.
[0006] Preferably, the metal mesh forming involves 3D printing, nanoimprinting, or electroplating / chemical plating thickening processes to form metal routes in patterned grooves, followed by sputtering a filler layer of ~nm.
[0007] Preferably, the metal mesh pattern is a combination of circles and polygons, or a biomimetic pattern resembling spider web veins or cracks, with a line width ranging from 0.um to 0.um and a mesh size ranging from 0.um to 0.um.
[0008] The metal mesh aperture ratio T
[0009]
[0010] Where S is the sum of the total area of the mesh and F is the sum of the total area of the lines.
[0011] Preferably, the sheet resistance x of the metal mesh
[0012]
[0013] Where Rs is the original sheet resistance of the unpatterned metal layer, and T is the aperture ratio of the metal mesh.
[0014] Preferably, the filling layer is a transparent conductive oxide, and the filling layer is one or more of ITO, FTO, ZnO, AZO, and AlO.
[0015] Preferably, the adhesive layer is a buffer layer that enhances the adhesion between the substrate and the operating platform, preventing deformation of the substrate.
[0016] Preferably, the comprehensive evaluation parameter FoM of the electrode body,
[0017]
[0018] Where Y represents the optical transmittance of the transparent electrode, and R... sh This indicates sheet resistance.
[0019] Preferably, the substrate (1-1) is a polymer material, metal foil, or flexible ultrathin glass.
[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: using a metal mesh as a supporting framework and a transparent conductive oxide as a filling layer can effectively compensate for the poor flexibility of transparent conductive oxide films; it can reduce the amount of rare materials used and reduce resource waste; the sheet resistance of the composite electrode (≤5Ω / hole) is lower than that of commercially available ITO / FTO electrodes (7~20Ω / hole); the film quality of subsequent functional layers can be improved by controlling the thickness of the transparent conductive oxide; band matching can be achieved by controlling the composition of the transparent conductive oxide, reducing carrier recombination; the adhesion between the backing layer and the platform is enhanced, avoiding deformation of the plastic substrate; and the efficiency of flexible perovskite solar cells can be greatly improved. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a diagram of a photovoltaic electrode structure.
[0022] In the diagram: 1-1 Substrate, 1-2 Adhesive layer, 1-3 Centrifugal membrane, 2 Metal mesh, 3 Filler layer. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To enhance understanding of this utility model, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described and introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the embodiments in any way. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0024] Please refer to 1. This utility model provides a technical solution: a low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode, including an electrode body, characterized in that: the electrode body is composed of a substrate 1-1, a filling layer 3, and a centrifugal membrane 1-3, the middle of the electrode body is the substrate 1-1, the filling layer 3 is located above the substrate 1-1, a metal mesh 2 is provided in the middle of the filling layer 3, the release film is located below the substrate 1-1, and an adhesive layer 1-2 is provided between the substrate 1-1 and the centrifugal membrane 1-3.
[0025] Metal Mesh 2 Patterning: Metal Mesh 2 uses photolithography to pattern ultra-thin metals of 50-80nm.
[0026] Metal mesh 2 forming: 3D printing, nanoimprinting technology or electroplating / chemical plating thickening process to form metal routes in patterned grooves, followed by sputtering of a 10-80nm filling layer 3, and improving the film quality of subsequent functional layers by controlling the thickness of transparent conductive oxide.
[0027] Metal mesh pattern drawing: The pattern is a combination of circles and polygons, and can also be a biomimetic pattern of spider webs, leaf veins, or cracks. The line width ranges from 0.5um to 15um; the mesh size ranges from 10 to 300um.
[0028] Metal mesh 2 aperture ratio T
[0029]
[0030] Where S is the sum of the total area of the mesh and F is the sum of the total area of the lines.
[0031] Shear resistance x of metal mesh 2
[0032]
[0033] Where Rs is the original sheet resistance of the unpatterned metal layer, and T is the aperture ratio of the metal mesh.
[0034] The filling layer 3 is a transparent conductive oxide, which can be one or more of ITO, FTO, ZnO, AZO, and Al2O3. It is cheaper and more cost-effective, reducing resource waste.
[0035] The adhesive layer 1-2 serves as a buffer layer and enhances the adhesion between the substrate 1-1 and the operating platform, preventing deformation of the substrate 1-1 and avoiding problems such as partial collapse and uneven surface in subsequent processes.
[0036] The comprehensive evaluation parameter FoM of the electrode body
[0037]
[0038] Where Y represents the optical transmittance of the transparent electrode, and R... shThis indicates sheet resistance.
[0039] The substrate (1-1) is a polymer material, metal foil or flexible ultra-thin glass.
[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it should be emphasized that the above description is merely an introduction and description of the usage of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode, comprising an electrode body, characterized in that: The electrode body is composed of a substrate (1-1), a filling layer (3), and a centrifugal membrane (1-3). The middle part of the electrode body is the substrate (1-1), the filling layer (3) is located above the substrate (1-1), the filling layer (3) is provided with a metal mesh (2) in the middle, the release membrane is located below the substrate (1-1), and an adhesive layer (1-2) is provided between the substrate (1-1) and the centrifugal membrane (1-3).
2. The low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal mesh (2) patterning: The metal mesh (2) is patterned with an ultrathin metal of 50-80nm using photolithography.
3. The low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal mesh (2) is formed by 3D printing, nanoimprinting technology or electroplating / chemical plating thickening process to form metal routes in patterned grooves, followed by sputtering a 10-80 nm filling layer (3).
4. The low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal mesh (2) pattern is a combination of circles and polygons, or a biomimetic pattern of spider web veins or cracks, with a line width ranging from 0.5um to 15um and a mesh size ranging from 10 to 300um.
5. The low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture ratio T of the metal mesh (2) Where S is the sum of the total area of the mesh, and F is the sum of the total area of the lines.
6. The low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheet resistance x of the metal mesh (2), Where Rs is the original sheet resistance of the unpatterned metal layer, and T is the aperture ratio of the metal mesh.
7. The low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling layer (3) is a transparent conductive oxide, and the filling layer (3) is one or more of ITO, FTO, ZnO, AZO and Al2O3.
8. The low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive layer (1-2) serves as a buffer layer and enhances the adhesion between the substrate (1-1) and the operating platform, preventing deformation of the substrate (1-1).
9. A low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comprehensive evaluation parameter FoM of the electrode body, Where Y represents the optical transmittance of the transparent electrode, and R... sh This indicates sheet resistance.
10. A low-cost flexible photovoltaic electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate (1-1) is a polymer material, metal foil, or flexible ultrathin glass.