Dam water inlet slag salvaging transformation device

Abstract

The utility model provides a dam water inlet slag salvaging transformation device which comprises rake teeth used for salvaging slag. The main shaft is connected with the rake teeth; the bearing seat cushion is used for supporting the main shaft; the servomotor is used for driving the main shaft and the rake teeth to move; the servomotor frame is used for fixing the servomotor; the hydraulic oil way system is used for providing power for the servomotor; and the pin shaft is used for connecting all the parts.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, specifically to a slag removal modification device applied to the intake of a dam. Background technology:

[0002] In water conservancy projects, the dam intake is a critical infrastructure component. However, due to the large amount of debris and floating objects carried by the water flow, these debris easily accumulate at the intake, affecting not only water intake efficiency but also damaging downstream equipment such as turbines. Traditional cleaning methods typically rely on manual operation, resulting in low efficiency and high safety risks. Although some mechanical debris removal equipment exists on the market, they generally suffer from drawbacks such as complex structure, high maintenance costs, and poor adaptability. Especially when dealing with debris of different types and sizes, existing equipment often struggles to cope effectively. Furthermore, most existing debris removal devices lack flexible control systems, failing to adjust operating parameters according to actual conditions, leading to poor cleaning results. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simple, flexible, and adaptable dam intake debris removal modification device to address the problems existing in current technologies. Utility model content:

[0003] In view of this, this application provides a dam intake slag removal modification device, which solves the problems of low slag removal efficiency, poor adaptability and inflexible control in the prior art.

[0004] This application provides a dam intake slag removal modification device, including:

[0005] Rake teeth are used to scoop up debris;

[0006] The main shaft is connected to the rake teeth;

[0007] Bearing seat pads are used to support the spindle;

[0008] A relay is used to drive the main shaft and rake teeth.

[0009] A relay frame for securing the relay;

[0010] A hydraulic circuit system is used to provide power to the relay; and

[0011] Pins are used to connect various components.

[0012] The rake teeth are elongated, wider at the front end with multiple tooth-like structures, and gradually narrower at the rear end, connecting to the main shaft.

[0013] It also includes earrings, which are ring-shaped and used to connect the rake teeth and serve a suspension or support function.

[0014] The relay includes a hydraulic cylinder, which contains a piston and an extension rod for providing power.

[0015] The relay frame is made of channel steel.

[0016] The hydraulic circuit system includes:

[0017] Oil suction filter screen, used to filter impurities in hydraulic oil;

[0018] An electric motor is used to drive the hydraulic pump.

[0019] Hydraulic circuit valve block, used to control the flow direction and pressure of hydraulic oil;

[0020] Relief valve, used to regulate system pressure;

[0021] Solenoid directional valves are used to change the direction of hydraulic oil flow; and

[0022] A one-way throttle valve is used to regulate the flow rate of hydraulic oil.

[0023] The hydraulic circuit system

[0024] The oil suction filter is connected to the inlet of the oil pump;

[0025] The outlet of the oil pump is connected to the hydraulic oil circuit valve block via a pipeline;

[0026] The hydraulic oil circuit valve block is connected to the relief valve via a pipeline;

[0027] The hydraulic circuit valve block is also connected to multiple electromagnetic directional valves via pipelines.

[0028] Each of the electromagnetic reversing valves is connected to the corresponding one-way throttle valve via a pipeline;

[0029] The one-way throttle valve is connected to the actuator via a pipeline;

[0030] The pressure gauge is connected to the hydraulic circuit valve block and is used to display the system pressure;

[0031] The electric motor is directly connected to the oil pump, providing power to the oil pump;

[0032] The entire system forms a closed loop, ensuring that the hydraulic oil circulates within the system.

[0033] It also includes a shaft head, which is cylindrical, with one end connected to the main shaft and the other end engaging with other components; the main shaft is mounted on the bearing seat via bearings; the extension rod of the relay is connected to the main shaft or rake teeth via a connector; the relay frame is fixed to other structural components by bolts or welding; the pin is used to connect two or more components, enabling them to rotate relative to each other around the pin.

[0034] It also includes the following components:

[0035] Embedded I-beams are used to fix the relay frame;

[0036] Oil-impregnated bearings, fitted with sliding bearing housings;

[0037] Six external hex bolts are used to secure components.

[0038] Two tapered pins are used for positioning.

[0039] Two socket head cap screws are used to secure components.

[0040] Four external hex bolts are used to connect components.

[0041] Four thick hexagonal nuts are used in conjunction with the external hexagonal bolts.

[0042] The rake teeth are fixed to the main shaft by bolts, welding or other connection methods; the main shaft is cylindrical and has a certain length and diameter, used to transmit power and support the rake teeth; the bearing seat is block-shaped or plate-shaped, used to support the main shaft and reduce the wear and vibration of the main shaft; the relay frame provides a stable mounting base for the relay.

[0043] This application has the following technical effects:

[0044] 1. Simple and reasonable structure: This device adopts a modular design, with tight and flexible connections between components, which facilitates installation, maintenance and replacement, greatly reducing the cost of use and maintenance.

[0045] 2. High slag removal efficiency: Through the optimized design of the rake tooth structure and the hydraulic drive system, this device can efficiently remove various types and sizes of debris, significantly improving slag removal efficiency.

[0046] 3. High adaptability: This device can change the movement speed and force of the rake teeth by adjusting the hydraulic system parameters according to different working environments and types of debris, and has good adaptability.

[0047] 4. Flexible control: Adopting an advanced hydraulic control system, operators can precisely control the movement of the slag removal device to achieve accurate slag removal and reduce losses caused by misoperation.

[0048] 5. High safety: This device adopts a remote control method, which greatly reduces the safety risks to operators. At the same time, it has multiple built-in safety protection mechanisms to ensure the safe operation of the equipment under various working conditions.

[0049] 6. High durability: The main components are made of high-quality materials and are equipped with anti-corrosion and anti-wear measures, which extends the service life of the equipment and reduces the frequency of maintenance.

[0050] 7. Environmental protection and energy saving: Compared with traditional manual or other mechanical slag removal methods, this device has low energy consumption and will not cause secondary pollution to water bodies, meeting the environmental protection requirements of modern water conservancy projects. Attached image description:

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dam intake slag removal modification device provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rake teeth provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an earring provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relay device provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0055] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the relay frame provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0056] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the pin structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0057] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the hydraulic circuit system provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0058] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing seat pad provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0059] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the main shaft provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0060] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft head provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed implementation method:

[0061] The dam intake slag removal modification device includes the following main components: rake teeth, main shaft, bearing housing, relay, relay frame, hydraulic circuit system, and pin. The device also includes lugs, shaft ends, and other auxiliary components.

[0062] 1. Rake teeth: Used for scooping up debris, they are long and narrow, wider at the front with multiple tooth-like structures, and gradually narrower at the rear, connecting to the main shaft. The rake teeth are fixed to the main shaft by bolts, welding, or other connection methods.

[0063] 2. Main shaft: Connected to the rake teeth, it is cylindrical and has a certain length and diameter, used to transmit power and support the rake teeth.

[0064] 3. Bearing seat pads: Used to support the spindle, they are block-shaped or plate-shaped, reducing spindle wear and vibration. The spindle is mounted on the bearing seat pads via bearings.

[0065] 4. Power Adapter: Used to drive the main shaft and rake teeth, including a hydraulic cylinder containing a piston and an extension rod to provide power. The extension rod of the power adapter is connected to the main shaft or rake teeth via a connector.

[0066] 5. Relay Frame: Used to secure the relay, it is made of channel steel. The relay frame is fixed to other structural components by bolts or welding, providing a stable mounting base for the relay.

[0067] 6. Hydraulic circuit system: Used to provide power to the relay, including the following components:

[0068] Oil suction filter: Used to filter impurities in hydraulic oil;

[0069] Electric motor: Used to drive the hydraulic pump;

[0070] Hydraulic circuit valve block: used to control the flow direction and pressure of hydraulic oil;

[0071] Relief valve: Used to regulate system pressure;

[0072] Solenoid directional valve: used to change the direction of hydraulic oil flow;

[0073] One-way throttle valve: used to regulate the flow rate of hydraulic oil;

[0074] Pressure gauge: Connected to the hydraulic circuit valve block, used to display system pressure;

[0075] The connection relationships of the hydraulic circuit system are as follows:

[0076] The oil suction filter is connected to the inlet of the oil pump;

[0077] The outlet of the oil pump is connected to the hydraulic oil circuit valve block via a pipeline;

[0078] The hydraulic circuit valve block is connected to the relief valve via pipeline;

[0079] The hydraulic circuit valve block is also connected to multiple solenoid directional valves via pipelines.

[0080] Each solenoid directional valve is connected to a corresponding one-way throttle valve via a pipeline;

[0081] The one-way throttle valve is connected to the actuator via a pipeline;

[0082] The electric motor is directly connected to the oil pump to provide power to the oil pump;

[0083] The entire system forms a closed loop, ensuring that the hydraulic oil circulates within the system.

[0084] 7. Pin: Used to connect various components, allowing them to rotate relative to each other around the pin.

[0085] 8. Earrings: In the shape of a ring, used to connect the rake teeth and to provide suspension or support.

[0086] 9. Shaft head: It is cylindrical, with one end connected to the main shaft and the other end mates with other components.

[0087] 10. Other auxiliary components:

[0088] Embedded I-beams: used to fix the relay frame;

[0089] Oil-impregnated bearings: used in conjunction with sliding bearing housings;

[0090] External hex bolts: 6 in number, used to secure components;

[0091] Tapered pins: 2 in number, used for positioning;

[0092] Socket head cap set screws: 2 in number, used to secure components;

[0093] External hex bolts: 4 in number, used for connecting components;

[0094] Hexagonal thick nuts: 4 in quantity, for use with external hexagonal bolts;

[0095] This device solves the problems of low slag removal efficiency, poor adaptability, and inflexible control in existing technologies, and brings about technical effects such as simple and reasonable structure, high slag removal efficiency, strong adaptability, flexible control, high safety, good durability, and environmental protection and energy saving.

[0096] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes:

[0097] The device includes:

[0098] Relay frame: No. 1.

[0099] Embedded I-beams: No. 2.

[0100] Main spindle: Label 3.

[0101] Bearing seat pad: No. 4.

[0102] Shaft head: No. 5.

[0103] Oil-impregnated bearings: No. 6, used in conjunction with sliding bearing housings and other related components.

[0104] External hex bolts: No. 7, quantity 6.

[0105] Tapered pin: No. 8, quantity 2.

[0106] Tooth: No. 9.

[0107] Earrings: No. 10.

[0108] Oil-impregnated bearing: No. 11.

[0109] Crank arm: No. 12.

[0110] Pin: No. 13.

[0111] Hex socket head cap set screw: No. 14, quantity 2.

[0112] Relay device: No. 15, quantity 1.

[0113] External hex bolts: No. 16, quantity 4.

[0114] Hexagonal thick nuts: No. 17, quantity 4.

[0115] Hydraulic circuit system (not shown in the figure).

[0116] The individual components will be discussed below:

[0117] 1. Rake teeth

[0118] Rake teeth: from Figure 2 Analysis shows that the rake teeth are generally long and narrow, with a wider front end and multiple tooth-like structures for scooping up debris, and gradually narrowing at the rear end to connect with other components.

[0119] The rake teeth are the core component of the slag removal modification device at the dam intake, and their design directly affects the slag removal effect.

[0120] according to Figure 2 As shown, the specific structure and features of the rake teeth are as follows:

[0121] Overall shape: The rake teeth are long and narrow, and the length can be customized according to actual needs, usually in the range of 1-3 meters.

[0122] Front-end structure:

[0123] Width: The front end is wider, usually between 30-50 cm.

[0124] Toothed structure: The front end has multiple toothed structures, with each tooth spaced approximately 5-10 centimeters apart.

[0125] The shape of the teeth: Each tooth is triangular or arc-shaped with the tip slightly upturned, which is helpful for shoveling and fixing the debris.

[0126] Material: Made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, such as No. 45 steel or stainless steel, to improve durability and corrosion resistance.

[0127] Backend structure:

[0128] Shape: The rear end gradually narrows, forming a structure suitable for connection with the main shaft.

[0129] Connection methods: Welding, bolt fixing or slot connection can be used to facilitate disassembly and replacement.

[0130] Surface treatment:

[0131] The surface of the rake teeth is polished to reduce water flow resistance.

[0132] An optional anti-corrosion coating can be applied to extend its service life.

[0133] Optimized design:

[0134] The teeth of the rake can be designed with a mesh structure to increase the ability to scoop up small debris.

[0135] The angle of the teeth can be finely adjusted to accommodate different types of slag.

[0136] Safety considerations:

[0137] The cusps can be blunted to reduce harm to aquatic organisms.

[0138] The design incorporates a break point; when encountering excessive resistance, the rake teeth will break at a predetermined location, protecting the main shaft and other core components.

[0139] The design of the rake teeth can effectively retrieve large floating objects without missing small debris, while also being durable and safe.

[0140] Based on the above description, it can be seen from the embodiments of this application that the design of the rake teeth fully considers slag removal efficiency, durability, and safety. Next, the embodiments of this application will describe the structure and features of the main shaft.

[0141] 2. Spindle

[0142] The main shaft is a key transmission component of the dam intake slag removal modification device, connecting the rake teeth and the power system.

[0143] according to Figure 9 As shown, the specific structure and features of the spindle are as follows:

[0144] Overall shape:

[0145] Shape: The main axis is cylindrical.

[0146] Size: Length is customized according to actual needs, usually in the range of 2-4 meters; diameter is about 10-20 centimeters to ensure sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0147] Material:

[0148] It is made of high-strength alloy steel, such as 40Cr or 42CrMo, which has good mechanical properties and fatigue resistance.

[0149] The surface undergoes heat treatment and surface hardening treatment to improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0150] Structural features:

[0151] One end is provided with an interface for connecting to the rake teeth, which can be a flange or keyway structure.

[0152] The other end has an interface for connecting to the power system, which is usually a spline or keyway structure.

[0153] The shaft has multiple shoulders for mounting bearings and other parts.

[0154] Bearing installation location:

[0155] The spindle has two or more bearing mounting positions, which are precisely machined to ensure the fit accuracy with the bearings.

[0156] The surface roughness and roundness requirements of the bearing location are high, and it is usually precision ground.

[0157] Sealing design:

[0158] A sealing groove is provided near the bearing location for installing oil seals or other sealing devices to prevent water and impurities from entering the bearing.

[0159] Balancing considerations:

[0160] The spindle undergoes dynamic balancing to reduce vibration during operation.

[0161] Stress concentration treatment:

[0162] At locations where the diameter changes and in keyways, a transition fillet design is used to reduce stress concentration.

[0163] Axial positioning:

[0164] Install axial positioning steps or threads at appropriate locations to ensure the axial position of the spindle is fixed.

[0165] Lubrication considerations:

[0166] Lubrication channels can be drilled into the shaft to facilitate lubrication of bearings and other moving parts.

[0167] This design of the main shaft ensures that it has sufficient strength and rigidity to effectively transmit power, while taking into account factors such as installation, sealing, and balance to ensure the smooth operation of the entire slag removal device.

[0168] The spindle design fully considers strength, transmission efficiency, and ease of maintenance. Next, embodiments of this application will describe the structure and features of the bearing housing.

[0169] 3. Bearing seat pad

[0170] The bearing housing is a key component supporting the main shaft in the dam intake slag removal modification device. According to... Figure 8 As shown, the specific structure and features of the bearing housing are as follows:

[0171] Overall shape:

[0172] Shape: The bearing seat pad is in the form of a block or plate.

[0173] Dimensions: Determined based on spindle diameter and installation space; typically, the length-width-height ratio is approximately 3:2:1.

[0174] Material:

[0175] The main body is made of high-strength cast iron or cast steel, such as HT250 or ZG270-500.

[0176] Bronze alloy bushings can be inlaid on the bearing contact surface to improve wear resistance.

[0177] Structural features:

[0178] The upper part has a circular groove that matches the outer ring of the bearing, which is precision machined to ensure a precise fit.

[0179] The bottom has multiple mounting holes for fixing to the base structure.

[0180] The sides are reinforced with ribs to improve overall rigidity.

[0181] Bearing installation design:

[0182] The dimensions of the bearing mounting slot are precisely matched to the selected bearing model.

[0183] A bearing locating shoulder is provided to prevent the bearing from moving axially.

[0184] A sealing groove is provided around the bearing groove for installing an oil seal or labyrinth seal.

[0185] Regulation mechanism:

[0186] Adjustable bolts can be designed for fine-tuning the height and level of the bearing seat.

[0187] The adjustment range is usually around ±5mm.

[0188] Lubrication system:

[0189] It is equipped with lubrication channels and oil nozzles to facilitate regular lubrication of the bearings.

[0190] An automatic lubrication system interface is optional.

[0191] Anti-corrosion treatment:

[0192] The surface is sandblasted and then coated with an anti-corrosion coating, such as epoxy resin paint.

[0193] The parts exposed to water can be treated with special waterproofing and anti-corrosion measures.

[0194] Heat dissipation considerations:

[0195] The outer surface is designed with heat dissipation fins to increase the heat dissipation area.

[0196] An optional water cooling system can be added for temperature control under high load conditions.

[0197] Sealing design:

[0198] A sealing gasket is used between the bearing housing and the base structure to prevent moisture from seeping in.

[0199] The bearing housing is equipped with a dust cover to protect the bearing from contamination.

[0200] Monitoring interface:

[0201] A mounting hole is provided for a temperature sensor to monitor the bearing temperature in real time.

[0202] An optional vibration sensor interface can be added for equipment status monitoring.

[0203] This design of the bearing seat not only provides stable support for the main shaft, but also takes into account factors such as adjustment, lubrication, corrosion prevention, and heat dissipation, ensuring the stable operation and long-term reliability of the slag removal device under various working conditions.

[0204] The bearing seat design fully considers support stability, adjustment flexibility, and ease of maintenance. The structure and features of the relay will be described below using embodiments of this application.

[0205] 4. Relay machine

[0206] The relay mainly consists of hydraulic cylinders, from Figure 4 As can be seen, the hydraulic cylinder has a certain length and diameter, and contains a piston and an extension rod to provide power.

[0207] The relay is the power source for the slag removal modification device at the dam intake, used to drive the main shaft and rake teeth.

[0208] according to Figure 4 As shown, the specific structure and features of the relay device are as follows:

[0209] Overall structure:

[0210] Type: Hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0211] Main components: cylinder, piston, piston rod, end cap, seals, etc.

[0212] Dimensions:

[0213] Cylinder diameter: Determined based on the required thrust, typically within the range of 100-300mm. Stroke: Determined based on the slag removal operation range, typically within the range of 500-2000mm. Piston rod diameter: Typically 0.4-0.7 times the cylinder diameter.

[0214] Material selection:

[0215] Cylinder barrel: Made of 45# steel or 40Cr alloy steel, with chrome plating or nitriding treatment on the inner surface. Piston rod: Made of 40Cr or 42CrMo alloy steel, with hard chrome plating on the surface.

[0216] Seals: Made of wear-resistant and oil-resistant polyurethane or PTFE materials.

[0217] Connection interface:

[0218] Cylinder bottom end: Typically connected to the servo motor frame via a flange or hinge. Piston rod end: Connected to the main shaft or rake teeth via a ball joint or fork joint.

[0219] Sealing system:

[0220] Piston seal: A two-way sealing ring is used to prevent internal leakage.

[0221] Piston rod seal: A combination seal is used, including an oil scraper ring, a sealing ring, and a guide ring. End cap seal: An O-ring or a combination seal is used.

[0222] Buffer device:

[0223] Buffer devices are installed at both ends of the cylinder to reduce impact and noise.

[0224] The buffer length is typically 5-10% of the stroke.

[0225] Exhaust system:

[0226] Exhaust bolts are installed at both ends of the cylinder to expel air from the system.

[0227] Location detection:

[0228] An optional magnetostrictive displacement sensor can be added to achieve precise position control.

[0229] Anti-corrosion treatment:

[0230] The outer surface is sandblasted and then coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0231] The parts exposed to water are made of special waterproof and corrosion-resistant materials.

[0232] Operating parameters:

[0233] Maximum working pressure: typically in the range of 16-25 MPa.

[0234] Operating temperature range: -20℃ to +80℃.

[0235] Piston movement speed: typically in the range of 0.1-0.5 m / s, which can be adjusted via the hydraulic system.

[0236] Safety design:

[0237] An overload protection valve is installed to prevent the system pressure from becoming too high.

[0238] The piston rod surface is hardened to improve its wear resistance and impact resistance.

[0239] Maintenance design:

[0240] It features a detachable end cap for easy internal maintenance.

[0241] A filler port is provided for easy hydraulic oil replacement.

[0242] This relay design not only provides sufficient power and precise control, but also takes into account safety, durability and ease of maintenance, ensuring reliable operation of the slag removal device under various working conditions.

[0243] The relay unit is designed with full consideration of power output, control precision, safety, and ease of maintenance. The structure and features of the relay unit frame will be described below in the embodiments of this application.

[0244] 5. Relay frame

[0245] The relay frame is a key support structure for fixing the relay in the dam intake slag removal modification device. According to... Figure 5 As shown, the specific structure and features of the relay frame are as follows:

[0246] Overall structure:

[0247] Material: Made of 18# channel steel, which has high strength and rigidity.

[0248] Shape: The overall structure is "U" or "H" shaped, and can be customized according to the installation environment and load requirements.

[0249] Dimensions:

[0250] Height: Usually in the range of 1000-2000mm, depending on the installation height of the relay.

[0251] Width: Determined according to the size of the relay, usually 200-300mm wider than the relay.

[0252] Thickness: The thickness of channel steel is usually in the range of 6-10mm.

[0253] Structural features:

[0254] Main frame: welded from channel steel to form a stable three-dimensional structure.

[0255] Reinforcing ribs: Adding reinforcing ribs to key stress-bearing areas improves overall rigidity.

[0256] Relay unit mounting bracket: A mounting bracket designed for connection to the relay unit at an appropriate location. Bottom fixing plate: Used for connection to pre-embedded I-beams or the foundation.

[0257] Connection method:

[0258] Connection to the relay: High-strength bolts are used for easy disassembly and maintenance. Connection to the foundation: Expansion bolts or pre-embedded bolts are used to ensure a stable installation.

[0259] Regulation mechanism:

[0260] The adjustable base allows for ±20mm of height and level adjustment.

[0261] A long, narrow mounting hole is designed at the relay mount to facilitate fine-tuning of the relay's position. Corrosion protection treatment:

[0262] The surface is sandblasted and then coated with epoxy resin paint or other anti-corrosion coatings.

[0263] Additional anti-corrosion treatment is applied to the welded joints.

[0264] Safety design:

[0265] The design safety factor should be no less than 2.5.

[0266] Stress analysis and optimization are performed at key stress points.

[0267] Install protective shields to ensure the safety of operators.

[0268] Maintenance design:

[0269] A maintenance access route is provided to facilitate daily inspection and maintenance.

[0270] The design features a removable protective plate for easy installation and replacement of the relay unit.

[0271] Seismic design:

[0272] Seismic design should be carried out based on the seismic intensity of the installation location.

[0273] Add shock-absorbing devices if necessary.

[0274] Drainage design:

[0275] Drainage holes are designed at the bottom to prevent corrosion caused by water accumulation.

[0276] Electrical system integration:

[0277] Pre-drilled cable holes and fixing points facilitate the installation of electrical systems.

[0278] Set a grounding point to ensure electrical safety.

[0279] Logo design:

[0280] Set up safety warning signs and operating instructions in prominent locations.

[0281] This design of the relay frame not only provides stable support for the relay, but also takes into account factors such as adjustment, corrosion prevention, safety, and maintenance, ensuring the stable operation and long-term reliability of the slag removal device in various environments.

[0282] The design of the relay frame fully considers support stability, installation flexibility, safety, and ease of maintenance. Next, embodiments of this application will describe the structure and features of the hydraulic circuit system.

[0283] 6. Hydraulic circuit system

[0284] The hydraulic circuit system serves as the power source and control center for the slag removal modification device at the dam intake. This system includes components such as an oil suction filter, electric motor, hydraulic circuit valve block, relief valve, solenoid directional valve, and one-way throttle valve. The oil suction filter, with its mesh structure, filters impurities from the hydraulic oil; the electric motor powers the hydraulic pump; the hydraulic circuit valve block controls the flow direction and pressure of the hydraulic oil; the relief valve regulates system pressure and ensures system safety; the solenoid directional valve changes the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, controlling the movement direction of the actuators; and the one-way throttle valve regulates the flow rate of the hydraulic oil, controlling the movement speed of the actuators.

[0285] Specifically, according to Figure 7As shown, the specific structure and characteristics of the hydraulic circuit system are as follows:

[0286] System components:

[0287] Oil suction filter A1: Used to filter impurities in hydraulic oil.

[0288] Motor A2: Used to drive the hydraulic pump.

[0289] Hydraulic pump A3: converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy.

[0290] Pressure line filter A4;

[0291] Hydraulic oil circuit valve block A5: Used to control the flow direction and pressure of hydraulic oil.

[0292] Overflow valve A6: Used to regulate system pressure.

[0293] Solenoid directional valve A7: Used to change the flow direction of hydraulic oil.

[0294] One-way throttle valve A8: Used to regulate the flow rate of hydraulic oil.

[0295] Pressure gauge A9: Used to display system pressure.

[0296] Oil tank: Stores and cools hydraulic oil.

[0297] Piping system: connects various components.

[0298] Working principle:

[0299] An electric motor drives a hydraulic pump, which draws hydraulic oil from the tank through a suction filter and pressurizes it. The pressurized hydraulic oil is then distributed to various actuators via hydraulic circuit valves. A relief valve controls the system's maximum pressure, a solenoid directional valve controls the oil flow direction, and a one-way throttle valve controls the flow rate, thereby achieving precise control of the actuator.

[0300] Key component features:

[0301] a) Oil absorption filter:

[0302] Filtration accuracy: typically 10-30μm.

[0303] Material: Stainless steel wire mesh or fiber material.

[0304] b) Electric motor:

[0305] Type: Usually a three-phase asynchronous motor is used.

[0306] Power: Determined according to system requirements, typically in the range of 5-30kW.

[0307] c) Hydraulic pump:

[0308] Type: Gear pumps or piston pumps are typically used.

[0309] Displacement: Determined based on system traffic requirements.

[0310] d) Hydraulic circuit valve block:

[0311] Material: Usually made of high-strength aluminum alloy or steel.

[0312] Design: Integrates multiple valve ports to reduce piping connections.

[0313] e) Relief valve:

[0314] Type: Direct-acting or pilot-operated.

[0315] Pressure range: Adjustable, typically within the range of 0-25 MPa.

[0316] f) Solenoid directional valve:

[0317] Type: Typically, 4 / 3 or 4 / 2 position solenoid valves are used.

[0318] Voltage: 24V DC or 220V AC.

[0319] g) One-way throttle valve:

[0320] Type: Adjustable.

[0321] Traffic volume range: Determined based on system requirements.

[0322] h) Pressure gauge:

[0323] Measuring range: 0-25MPa or 0-40MPa.

[0324] Accuracy class: 1.6 or higher.

[0325] System characteristics:

[0326] Working pressure: typically in the range of 16-25 MPa.

[0327] System flow rate: Determined according to the requirements of the relay, usually in the range of 20-100L / min.

[0328] Hydraulic oil: Use anti-wear hydraulic oil, such as HM46 or HV46.

[0329] Safety design:

[0330] Configure system overvoltage protection.

[0331] The oil tank is equipped with a level gauge and a temperature indicator.

[0332] Pressure and temperature sensors are installed in key areas.

[0333] Energy-saving design:

[0334] It adopts variable frequency speed control technology to adjust the motor speed according to load requirements.

[0335] Use energy storage devices to reduce energy loss.

[0336] Maintenance design:

[0337] All major components use quick-connect couplings for easy disassembly and maintenance.

[0338] An oil sampling port is provided to facilitate regular checks on oil quality.

[0339] The oil tank is equipped with a vent valve for easy replacement of hydraulic oil.

[0340] Control system:

[0341] A PLC control system is used to achieve automated operation.

[0342] The manual operation mode is set up to facilitate debugging and emergency operation.

[0343] An optional remote monitoring system can be installed to enable remote operation and fault diagnosis.

[0344] This design of the hydraulic circuit system not only provides a stable and reliable power source for the slag removal device, but also has good control precision, safety and maintainability, ensuring the efficient operation of the entire device.

[0345] The design of the hydraulic circuit system fully considers power output, control precision, safety, energy efficiency, and ease of maintenance. The structure and features of the pin will be described below in the embodiments of this application.

[0346] 7. Pin

[0347] The pin is a crucial component in the dam intake slag removal modification device, used to connect various parts and allow them to rotate relative to each other around the pin. According to... Figure 6 As shown, the specific structure and features of the pin are as follows:

[0348] Overall shape:

[0349] Shape: Cylindrical.

[0350] Length: Determined by the thickness of the connecting parts, usually in the range of 50-300mm.

[0351] Diameter: Determined according to the requirements of the load and connecting parts, usually in the range of 20-50mm.

[0352] Material:

[0353] Main body: Usually made of 40Cr or 42CrMo alloy steel.

[0354] Surface treatment: After tempering, the surface is carburized or nitrided to improve hardness and wear resistance.

[0355] Structural features:

[0356] a) Shaft:

[0357] The middle part is a standard cylindrical shape, which mates with the connector.

[0358] The surface roughness Ra value is typically in the range of 0.8-1.6 μm.

[0359] b) End:

[0360] One end is designed with a hexagonal or square head for easy installation and disassembly.

[0361] The other end usually has a pin hole for installing a cotter pin or a spring clip to prevent the pin from falling off.

[0362] c) Steps:

[0363] One or more steps are designed on the shaft to be used for positioning or to bear axial forces.

[0364] d) Lubrication groove:

[0365] Design annular or spiral lubrication grooves on the shaft to improve lubrication conditions.

[0366] Tolerance requirements:

[0367] Diameter tolerance: usually h7 or h8 grade.

[0368] Cylindricity tolerance: typically not exceeding 0.1% of the shaft diameter.

[0369] Surface hardness:

[0370] Surface hardness is typically in the range of HRC 55-62.

[0371] The depth of the hardened layer is generally 0.5-2mm, depending on the specific application.

[0372] Anti-corrosion treatment:

[0373] The surface can be chrome-plated, zinc-plated, or treated with other anti-corrosion methods.

[0374] Stainless steel can also be used to improve corrosion resistance.

[0375] Sealing design:

[0376] A sealing groove can be designed at the end of the pin for installing O-rings or other seals.

[0377] The sealed design prevents dust and moisture from entering the joints.

[0378] Self-locking function:

[0379] A small taper (e.g., 1:50) can be designed on the pin to achieve a self-locking function.

[0380] Alternatively, spring-loaded spherical plugs can be used to increase friction and prevent loosening.

[0381] Application location:

[0382] Used to connect the rake teeth to the main shaft.

[0383] Used to connect the relay to the relay frame.

[0384] The piston rod is used to connect the relay to other transmission components.

[0385] Safety design:

[0386] Use double securing methods in critical locations, such as pin holes + cotter pins + elastic retaining rings.

[0387] The design safety factor is usually no less than 2.0.

[0388] Maintenance considerations:

[0389] Designed to be replaceable, it is easy to maintain and replace.

[0390] In areas prone to wear, a bushing design can be used, so only the bushing needs to be replaced instead of the entire pin.

[0391] This pin design not only enables reliable connection and relative movement between components, but also takes into account ease of installation, durability, sealing, and maintainability, ensuring long-term reliable operation of all connection parts of the slag removal device.

[0392] Although the pin design appears simple, it actually takes into account many factors, including strength, wear resistance, sealing, ease of installation, and maintainability. The following embodiments of this application will describe the structure and features of the earring.

[0393] 8. Earrings

[0394] The earring is an important component in the dam intake slag removal modification device, used to connect the rake teeth and provide suspension or support. According to Figure 3 As shown, earrings are hoop-shaped and used to connect other parts, serving a hanging or supporting function. The specific structure and features of earrings are as follows:

[0395] Overall shape:

[0396] Shape: Ring-shaped structure, usually circular or elliptical.

[0397] Dimensions: The outer diameter is usually in the range of 100-300mm, and the specific dimensions are determined according to the load and installation requirements.

[0398] Cross-section: Can be circular, rectangular or other special shapes, depending on the specific application.

[0399] Material:

[0400] Main body: Usually made of 45 steel, 40Cr alloy steel or stainless steel.

[0401] Surface treatment: Heat treatment (such as quenching and tempering) can be performed to improve strength and toughness.

[0402] Structural features:

[0403] a) Main ring:

[0404] The main stress-bearing part of the earring.

[0405] The surface is smooth, reducing stress concentration.

[0406] b) Connection hole:

[0407] One or more connection holes are provided on the ring body.

[0408] The bore diameter is determined based on the size of the connecting pin.

[0409] The inner surface of the hole is inlaid with a bearing bushing to improve wear resistance.

[0410] c) Reinforcing ribs:

[0411] Reinforcing ribs are provided between the main ring and the connecting hole to improve strength.

[0412] d) Lifting hole:

[0413] It features additional lifting holes for easy installation and removal.

[0414] Manufacturing process:

[0415] It can be manufactured by forging, casting or machining.

[0416] Key dimensions and surfaces require precision machining.

[0417] Strength requirements:

[0418] The design safety factor is typically no less than 3.0.

[0419] Finite element analysis was performed to ensure that the strength and stiffness met the requirements under various working conditions.

[0420] Surface treatment:

[0421] It can be sandblasted to remove the surface oxide layer.

[0422] Apply an anti-corrosion coating, such as epoxy resin paint or polyurethane paint.

[0423] It can also be galvanized or otherwise electroplated to improve corrosion resistance.

[0424] Sealing design:

[0425] A sealing groove can be designed at the connection hole to install an O-ring or other seals.

[0426] The sealed design prevents water and impurities from entering the connection.

[0427] Application location:

[0428] Used to connect rake teeth to the main shaft or other transmission components.

[0429] It can be used as a lifting point to facilitate the installation and disassembly of the entire rake tooth assembly.

[0430] Adjustment function:

[0431] It can be designed as an adjustable earring, allowing the position or angle to be adjusted within a certain range.

[0432] The adjustment mechanism can be achieved using threads or wedges.

[0433] Maintenance considerations:

[0434] Designed to be replaceable, it is easy to maintain and replace.

[0435] Replaceable bushings or sleeves can be used in easily worn parts.

[0436] Logo:

[0437] Information such as model number, material, and production date can be engraved or cast on earrings to facilitate traceability and management.

[0438] Special features:

[0439] It can be integrated with strain gauges or other sensors for real-time monitoring of stress conditions.

[0440] In special applications, earrings can be designed as insulating earrings to prevent current from passing through.

[0441] This design of the earring not only ensures reliable connection and support for the rake teeth, but also takes into account strength, durability, sealing, ease of installation and maintenance, ensuring stable operation and long-term reliability of the slag removal device under various working conditions.

[0442] The earring design fully considers strength, connection reliability, adjustment flexibility, and ease of maintenance. Next, embodiments of this application will describe the structure and features of the shaft head.

[0443] 9. Shaft head

[0444] The shaft head is a key component in the dam intake slag removal modification device, connecting the main shaft with other parts. According to... Figure 10 As shown, the specific structure and features of the shaft head are as follows:

[0445] Overall shape:

[0446] Shape: Cylindrical, with steps or flanges.

[0447] Length: Usually in the range of 100-300mm, depending on the connection requirements.

[0448] Diameter: Matches the spindle, typically in the range of 50-150mm.

[0449] Material:

[0450] Main body: Usually made of 42CrMo, 40Cr or other high-strength alloy steel.

[0451] Surface treatment: Quenching and tempering can be performed to improve strength and wear resistance.

[0452] Structural features:

[0453] a) Connection end:

[0454] The end connected to the spindle uses a spline, keyway, or threaded connection.

[0455] If a spline connection is used, an involute spline is typically used to improve transmission efficiency and centering performance.

[0456] b) Working end:

[0457] The end that connects to other components (such as rake teeth, gears, etc.).

[0458] Designed in flange form, it facilitates connection and disassembly with other components.

[0459] c) Shoulder:

[0460] A transition fillet is set between different diameters to reduce stress concentration.

[0461] Shoulders can be used for axial positioning or to bear axial forces.

[0462] d) Positioning structure:

[0463] Includes bosses, countersunk holes, or other features for precise positioning of connecting parts.

[0464] Accuracy requirements:

[0465] Cylindricity: Usually controlled within the range of 0.01-0.02mm.

[0466] Runout: Radial runout and axial runout are typically controlled within the range of 0.02-0.05 mm.

[0467] Surface roughness: Ra value is typically in the range of 0.4-1.6 μm.

[0468] Strength design:

[0469] Perform fatigue strength and static strength checks to ensure safety under various working conditions.

[0470] Stress concentration analysis and optimization were performed on key transition areas.

[0471] Surface treatment:

[0472] It can undergo carburizing, nitriding, or surface quenching treatments to improve surface hardness and wear resistance.

[0473] The hardness of the working surface is typically in the range of HRC 55-62.

[0474] Chromium plating or other surface treatments can be selectively applied to improve corrosion resistance.

[0475] Sealing design:

[0476] Design sealing grooves in appropriate locations for installing oil seals or O-rings.

[0477] It features a labyrinthine sealing structure to enhance sealing performance.

[0478] Lubrication considerations:

[0479] Design lubrication channels or grooves to ensure good lubrication of the connection parts.

[0480] A grease nipple is provided at the spline or bearing mounting location.

[0481] Balance requirements:

[0482] Dynamic balancing is performed to reduce vibration during operation.

[0483] The balancing accuracy typically reaches G6.3 or higher.

[0484] Ease of installation:

[0485] It is designed with threaded holes or top bolt holes for easy installation and disassembly.

[0486] Countersunk holes or relief grooves are machined on the end face to facilitate machining and assembly.

[0487] Detection function:

[0488] Pre-drilled sensor mounting holes for installing speed, temperature, or vibration sensors.

[0489] Logo:

[0490] Information such as part number, material, and heat treatment status is engraved on non-working surfaces.

[0491] Special features:

[0492] For applications requiring frequent disassembly and assembly, a quick-connect mechanism can be designed.

[0493] In high-speed applications, aerodynamic design needs to be considered to reduce wind resistance.

[0494] This design of the shaft head not only enables reliable connection and power transmission between the main shaft and other components, but also takes into account strength, precision, sealing, lubrication, ease of installation and maintenance, ensuring the efficient operation and long-term reliability of the slag removal device's transmission system.

[0495] The design of the shaft head fully considers connection reliability, transmission efficiency, precision requirements, durability, and ease of maintenance. Next, this application's embodiments will summarize the working principle and main features of the entire dam intake slag removal modification device.

[0496] 10. Overall working principle and main features

[0497] The overall working principle and main features of the dam intake slag removal modification device are as follows:

[0498] Working principle:

[0499] 1. Start-up: The operator starts the motor through the control system, and the motor drives the hydraulic pump.

[0500] 2. Hydraulic system operation: The hydraulic pump draws hydraulic oil from the oil tank and pressurizes it, then delivers it to the relay through the hydraulic oil circuit system.

[0501] 3. Relay unit operation: The solenoid directional valve controls the hydraulic oil to enter different chambers of the relay unit, pushing the piston and extension rod to move.

[0502] 4. Rake tooth motion: The extension rod of the relay drives the main shaft and rake teeth to reciprocate, realizing the slag removal action.

[0503] 5. Slag removal process: The rake teeth move in the water to scoop up floating objects and impurities.

[0504] 6. Adjustment and control: The movement speed and force of the rake teeth can be controlled by adjusting the pressure and flow of the hydraulic system.

[0505] 7. Slag removal: The rake teeth transport the scooped-up debris to a designated location for processing.

[0506] 8. Cyclic operation: The system continuously cycles through operations until the cleanup task is completed or maintenance is required.

[0507] Main features:

[0508] 1. Modular design: Each component (such as rake teeth, main shaft, relay, etc.) adopts a modular design, which facilitates installation, maintenance and replacement.

[0509] 2. High-efficiency slag removal: The optimized rake tooth design and hydraulic drive system enable efficient slag removal of various types and sizes.

[0510] 3. High adaptability: By adjusting the hydraulic system parameters, it can adapt to different working environments and types of debris.

[0511] 4. Precise control: The advanced hydraulic control system allows for precise control of the slag removal device's operation.

[0512] 5. Safe and reliable: It adopts remote control and has multiple built-in safety protection mechanisms to ensure operational safety and equipment reliability.

[0513] 6. Good durability: The main components are made of high-quality materials and have undergone special treatment, which have good wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0514] 7. Easy maintenance: Key components are designed to be detachable, facilitating daily maintenance and replacement.

[0515] 8. Environmentally friendly and energy-saving: Compared with traditional methods, it consumes less energy and does not cause secondary pollution to water bodies.

[0516] 9. Intelligent operation: Optional PLC control system and remote monitoring system to achieve automated and intelligent operation.

[0517] 10. Scalability: Sensor and communication interfaces are reserved for future upgrades and functional expansion.

[0518] 11. Seismic performance: The main structure is designed to resist seismic forces and is suitable for various geographical environments.

[0519] 12. All-weather operation: The sealed design and material selection enable the equipment to operate in all kinds of weather conditions.

[0520] This design not only efficiently clears debris from the dam's intake, but also offers advantages such as flexible operation, easy maintenance, and safety, providing an advanced solution for the daily maintenance of water conservancy projects.

Claims

1. A device for the reconstruction of a dam intake for the removal of sludge, characterized in that, The invention relates to a rake, comprising: a rake tooth for picking up slag; a main shaft connected with the rake tooth; a bearing seat pad for supporting the main shaft; a force amplifier for driving the main shaft and the rake tooth; a force amplifier frame for fixing the force amplifier; a hydraulic oil circuit system for powering the force amplifier; and a pin shaft for connecting parts.

2. The debris retrieval device for a dam intake according to claim 1, wherein The rake tooth is long and wide at the front end with multiple teeth, and gradually narrows at the rear end and is connected with the main shaft.

3. The debris retrieval device for a dam intake according to claim 1, wherein The invention also includes an earring, which is ring-shaped, used to connect the rake tooth and play a role in hanging or supporting.

4. The debris retrieval device for a dam intake according to claim 1, wherein The force amplifier includes a hydraulic cylinder, which contains a piston and an extension rod inside, for providing power.

5. The debris retrieval device for a dam intake according to claim 1, wherein The force amplifier frame is made of channel steel.

6. The debris retrieval device for a dam intake according to claim 1, wherein, The hydraulic oil circuit system includes: an oil filter screen for filtering impurities in the hydraulic oil; an electric motor for driving the hydraulic pump to work; a hydraulic oil circuit valve block for controlling the flow direction and pressure of the hydraulic oil; a relief valve for adjusting the system pressure; an electromagnetic reversing valve for changing the flow direction of the hydraulic oil; and a one-way throttling valve for adjusting the flow of the hydraulic oil.

7. The debris retrieval device for a dam intake according to claim 6, wherein, In the hydraulic oil circuit system, the oil filter screen is connected with the inlet of the oil pump; the outlet of the oil pump is connected with the hydraulic oil circuit valve block through a pipeline; the hydraulic oil circuit valve block is connected with the relief valve through a pipeline; the hydraulic oil circuit valve block is also connected with multiple electromagnetic reversing valves through a pipeline respectively; each electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a corresponding one-way throttling valve through a pipeline; the one-way throttling valve is connected with an actuator through a pipeline; the pressure gauge is connected on the hydraulic oil circuit valve block for displaying the system pressure; the electric motor is directly connected with the oil pump to provide power for the oil pump; The whole system constitutes a closed loop to ensure the circulation of hydraulic oil in the system.

8. The debris retrieval device for a dam intake according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a shaft head, which is cylindrical, one end is connected with the main shaft, the other end is matched with other components; the main shaft is installed on the bearing seat pad through the bearing; the extension rod of the force amplifier is connected with the main shaft or the rake tooth through a connecting piece; the force amplifier frame is fixed with other structural components by bolting or welding; the pin shaft is used to connect two or more components, so that they can rotate relative to the pin shaft.

9. The debris retrieval device for a dam intake according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes the following components: embedded I-shaped steel for fixing the force amplifier frame; oil-containing bearing matched with the sliding bearing seat; 6 outer hexagonal bolts for fixing components; 2 conical pins for positioning; 2 inner hexagonal cylindrical wall set screws for fixing components; 4 outer hexagonal bolts for connecting components; 4 hexagonal thick nuts used in conjunction with the outer hexagonal bolts.

10. The debris retrieval device for a dam intake according to claim 1, wherein, The rake tooth is fixed on the main shaft by bolting, welding or other connection methods; the main shaft is cylindrical with a certain length and diameter for transmitting power and supporting the rake tooth; the bearing seat pad is block-shaped or plate-shaped for supporting the main shaft to reduce wear and vibration of the main shaft; the force amplifier frame provides a stable installation foundation for the force amplifier.

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