High-power multi-tab pole-free water-based lithium battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-power multi-tab pole-free water-based lithium battery, which comprises an outer shell, a metal shell, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are welded on the shell, the positive electrode is connected with the positive electrode interface, and the negative electrode is connected with the negative electrode interface; the battery structure is changed into an integrated non-diaphragm arrangement, so that electrolyte, namely liquid, can be in indirect contact with the metal shell effectively, the heat dissipation efficiency can be effectively improved after the arrangement, and a further monitoring temperature generation zone can be easily monitored and analyzed; and a multi-tab effect can be formed by connecting the negative electrode with the shell, so that the assembly and arrangement mode is simpler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery technology, and more specifically, to a high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloys as positive / negative electrode materials and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The earliest lithium metal battery was proposed and studied by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1912. In the 1970s, MS Whittingham proposed and began to study lithium-ion batteries. Due to the highly reactive chemical properties of lithium metal, the processing, storage, and use of lithium metal have very high environmental requirements. With the development of science and technology, lithium-ion batteries have become the mainstream.

[0003] According to the packaging method, batteries are mainly divided into pouch batteries, square batteries, cylindrical batteries, etc., and according to the electrolyte, they are roughly divided into liquid batteries and solid batteries.

[0004] Currently, the most commonly used batteries are ternary lithium and lithium iron phosphate batteries, both of which are liquid batteries. In current use, the temperature distribution within the battery pack is uneven, and the heat dissipation is not targeted. Due to the current structural problems of the batteries, the heat dissipation surplus is not achieved and the ideal heat dissipation effect is not achieved, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-power, multi-tab, electrodeless aqueous lithium battery that offers excellent heat dissipation and is easy to modularize.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery, comprising an outer shell, a metal shell, a positive electrode and a negative electrode welded to the shell, a positive electrode interface, and a negative electrode interface, wherein the positive electrode is connected to the positive electrode interface and the negative electrode is connected to the negative electrode interface.

[0007] The housing has an internal cavity containing an electrolyte. The inner wall of the housing, the connection between the housing and the positive electrode, and the contact surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes with the electrolyte are all provided with diaphragms.

[0008] The positive electrode is at least partially inserted into the electrolyte;

[0009] The positive electrode is disposed at the opening of the housing, and an insulating plate is provided at both the positive electrode interface and the negative electrode interface. The insulating plate covers the positive electrode interface and the negative electrode interface on the side. The portion of the positive electrode located inside the housing is provided with a diaphragm and completely covers the surface of the housing that is in contact with the electrolyte.

[0010] The negative electrode is located at the back opening of the housing;

[0011] The insulating board has a multi-layer structure that is open at both ends. The inner layer of the insulating board is a ceramic plate, and a plastic sealant that fully covers the ceramic plate is provided on the outside of the ceramic plate.

[0012] By changing the battery structure to an integrated, non-membrane design, the electrolyte (liquid) can be effectively brought into indirect contact with the metal casing. This design can significantly improve heat dissipation efficiency, and the temperature generation zones can be easily monitored and analyzed. Furthermore, by connecting the negative electrode to the casing, a multi-tab effect can be formed, making the assembly and arrangement simpler.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that: the shell is an integrally formed shell, the outer shell is heat-sealed to the encapsulation body, the positive electrode interface is inserted into the insulating plate to form a side wrap and is heat-sealed to the encapsulation body, and the positive electrode extends at least partially out of the opening of the shell to form a folded positive electrode tab.

[0014] The angled tabs allow for better interconnection, and the tabs can also be welded together to form a connection, resulting in a more stable electrical connection.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the positive electrode has a strip-shaped plate structure.

[0016] The use of a strip-shaped structure for the positive electrode makes subsequent series and parallel connections simpler and more reliable.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that: the housing is provided with a folded negative electrode tab that is connected to the negative electrode.

[0018] The negative electrode tabs can be connected to each other or their positions can be expanded individually.

[0019] The present invention is further configured such that the positive electrode tab, the negative electrode tab, and the outer side of the housing are all provided with an insulating coating.

[0020] The insulating coating prevents series connection between batteries.

[0021] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery, comprising an outer shell, a metal casing, a battery cell disposed within the casing, and a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to the battery cell;

[0022] The housing is provided with a cavity for accommodating the battery cells, and the battery cells are several rolls of material laid flat and stacked inside the housing;

[0023] The positive electrode is embedded in the opening of the housing, and the portion of the positive electrode extending into the housing is integrated and connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell. The portion of the negative electrode embedded in the housing is integrated and connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell. An insulating plate is provided between the positive electrode tab and the housing, and the contact surface between the negative electrode and the housing is welded.

[0024] The connection between the negative electrode and the housing is sealed by welding.

[0025] By arranging the battery cells in a flat configuration, energy density can be increased while heat dissipation performance can also be improved. Furthermore, the casing design can help to achieve a thinner profile for square batteries.

[0026] The present invention is further configured such that: the insulating plate has a multi-layer structure with open ends, the inner layer of the insulating plate is a ceramic plate, and a plastic sealant is provided on the outside of the ceramic plate to fully cover the ceramic plate.

[0027] The ceramic plate is used to prevent short circuits caused by the insulation plate being broken down by the live casing.

[0028] The present invention is further configured such that: the shell is an integrally formed shell, the outer shell is heat-sealed to the insulating plate, and the positive electrode provided at the opening of the shell extends into the shell in at least a portion, and the positive electrode extends out of the opening of the shell in at least a portion to form a folded positive electrode tab.

[0029] The angled positive electrode tab provides more and more reliable fixing methods. This invention is further configured such that the housing is provided with an angled negative electrode tab that connects to the negative electrode.

[0030] The angled negative electrode tabs provide more possibilities for series and parallel connections.

[0031] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: by changing the battery structure to an integrated non-membrane design, the electrolyte, i.e., liquid, can be indirectly contacted with the metal casing. This design can effectively improve heat dissipation efficiency, and the temperature generation zones can be easily monitored and analyzed. Furthermore, by connecting the negative electrode to the casing, a multi-tab effect can be formed, and its assembly arrangement is simpler. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the battery in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the insulating board according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 1. Positive electrode; 2. Negative electrode; 3. Outer shell; 4. Insulating board; 5. Battery cell; 6. Positive electrode tab; 7. Negative electrode tab; 11. Positive terminal; 21. Negative terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that if the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model, they are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of the utility model described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0039] Furthermore, in this utility model, the terms "installation," "setting," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "sleeving" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0042] Regarding the issues with lithium batteries, most lithium iron phosphate batteries currently in use employ wound single cells, such as 18650 cells, to form battery packs. This results in internal heat accumulation, which is very detrimental to heat dissipation and monitoring. Specifically, the arrangement of round cells leaves many empty spaces in the middle, leading to uneven temperature monitoring. Furthermore, the energy density of round cells is much lower than that of square cells. Square cells theoretically have the highest energy density and the best space utilization. The biggest problems with square cells are difficulty in heat dissipation and side bulging. Regarding heat dissipation, square cells mainly suffer from uneven internal heat dissipation. However, if square cells are made too small, their low energy density due to their rigid casing, and their excessive size makes heat dissipation unreliable.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery includes a casing, a metal shell 3, a positive electrode 1 and a negative electrode 2 welded to the shell 3, a positive electrode interface 11, and a negative electrode interface 21. The shell 3 has an internal cavity containing an electrolyte. A separator is provided on the inner wall of the shell 3, at the connection between the shell 3 and the positive electrode 1, and on the contact surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes 1 and 2 with the electrolyte. The positive electrode 1 is at least partially inserted into the electrolyte. The positive electrode 1 is located at the opening of the shell 3. Furthermore, an insulating plate 4 is provided at both the positive electrode interface 11 and the negative electrode interface 21. The insulating plate 4 covers the positive electrode interface 11 and the negative electrode interface 21 on the side. The portion of the positive electrode 1 located inside the housing 3 is provided with a diaphragm and completely covers the surface of the housing 3 in contact with the electrolyte. The negative electrode 2 is located at the back opening of the housing 3. The insulating plate 4 has a multi-layer structure that is open at both ends. The inner layer of the insulating plate 4 is a ceramic plate, and a plastic seal that fully covers the ceramic plate is provided on the outside of the ceramic plate.

[0045] By changing the battery structure to an integrated, non-membrane design, the electrolyte (liquid) can be effectively brought into indirect contact with the metal casing 3. This design can significantly improve heat dissipation efficiency, and the temperature generation zones can be easily monitored and analyzed. Furthermore, by connecting the negative electrode 2 to the casing 3, a multi-tab effect can be formed, making the assembly and arrangement simpler.

[0046] The housing 3 is an integrally molded housing. The outer shell is heat-sealed to the encapsulation body. The positive electrode interface 11 is inserted into the insulating plate 4 to form a side wrap and is heat-sealed to the encapsulation body. The positive electrode 1 extends at least partially out of the opening of the housing 3 to form a folded positive electrode tab 6. The folded electrode tabs can be better connected to each other, and the connection can also be formed by welding the electrodes together, thus forming a more stable electrical connection.

[0047] The positive electrode 1 has a strip-shaped plate structure; the use of a strip-shaped plate structure for the positive electrode 1 makes it easier and more reliable to connect in series or parallel later.

[0048] The housing 3 is provided with a folded negative electrode tab 7 that is connected to the negative electrode 2; the negative electrode tabs 7 can be connected to each other or the positions that the negative electrode tabs 7 can be connected to can be expanded individually.

[0049] An insulating coating is provided on the positive electrode 1 tab, the negative electrode 2 tab, and the outer surface of the casing 3; the insulating coating can prevent series connection between batteries.

[0050] In this embodiment, the individual cells of this battery can be divided into single cells with a height of 220mm, a width of 500mm, and a length of 2000mm according to actual use. Then, several single cells are arranged side by side to form a battery module. With the help of existing battery management systems such as BMS, the battery status is managed in real time and the charging and discharging strategy is optimized according to its own capacity to improve safety.

[0051] In this embodiment, essential safety auxiliary parts such as pressure relief valves are located on the side of the battery.

[0052] In this solution, the individual battery cells can be directly integrated into the battery pack and arranged side by side to replace the battery modules.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery includes an outer shell, a metal casing 3, a battery cell 5 disposed inside the casing 3, and a positive electrode 1 and a negative electrode 2 connected to the battery cell 5.

[0055] The housing 3 is provided with a cavity for accommodating the battery cell 5, and the battery cell 5 is a number of rolls of material laid flat and stacked inside the housing 3;

[0056] The positive electrode 1 is embedded in the opening of the housing 3, and the part of the positive electrode 1 extending into the housing 3 is integrated and connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell 5. The part of the negative electrode 2 embedded in the housing 3 is integrated and connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell 5. An insulating plate 4 is provided between the positive electrode tab 6 and the housing 3. The contact surface between the negative electrode 2 and the housing 3 is welded.

[0057] The connection between the negative electrode 2 and the housing 3 is sealed by welding; by arranging the cells 5 in a flat manner, the energy density can be improved while heat dissipation performance can also be taken into account, and the housing 3 can also solve the problem of thinning the square battery.

[0058] The insulating plate 4 has a multi-layer structure that is open at both ends. The inner layer of the insulating plate 4 is a ceramic plate, and a plastic seal that fully covers the ceramic plate is set on the outside of the ceramic plate. The ceramic plate is used to prevent the insulating plate 4 from being short-circuited by the live casing 3.

[0059] The housing 3 is a one-piece molded housing. The outer shell is heat-sealed to the insulating plate 4. The positive electrode 1 provided at the opening of the housing 3 extends into the housing 3 at least partially, and the positive electrode 1 extends out of the opening of the housing 3 at least partially to form a bend-shaped positive electrode tab 6. The bend-shaped positive electrode tab 6 can provide more and more reliable fixing methods.

[0060] The housing 3 is provided with a folded negative electrode tab 7 that is connected to the negative electrode 2; the folded negative electrode tab 7 provides more possibilities for series and parallel connection.

[0061] By changing the battery structure to an integrated, non-membrane design, the electrolyte (liquid) can be effectively brought into indirect contact with the metal casing 3. This design can significantly improve heat dissipation efficiency, and the temperature generation zones can be easily monitored and analyzed. Furthermore, by connecting the negative electrode 2 to the casing 3, a multi-tab effect can be formed, making the assembly and arrangement simpler.

[0062] In this embodiment, essential safety auxiliary parts such as pressure relief valves are located on the side of the battery.

[0063] In this embodiment, in order to achieve better single-cell pressure resistance, an anti-deformation structure, such as an anti-pressure groove, an anti-deformation groove, an anti-deformation column, or an anti-deformation column groove, can also be provided on the battery casing 3.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] A battery pack composed of high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium batteries includes a battery pack containing several batteries arranged side by side and a cooling group for cooling the batteries.

[0066] The cooling system includes several copper tubes, with a copper tube between each pair of batteries. The copper tubes are flat and elongated, and each copper tube has a cavity inside that can accommodate the cooling medium.

[0067] The copper tube is 2mm thick, and its internal channels are at least 1mm wide.

[0068] The copper tube is level with the battery, and thermal grease is applied between the copper tube and the battery.

[0069] Several copper tubes positioned between the batteries are interconnected to form an S-shaped cooling channel.

[0070] In this scheme, in order to ensure that the cooling medium flows evenly through each copper tube, adjacent copper tubes are connected at the top of the copper tubes by connecting pipes. Connecting pipes are provided at both ends of the copper tubes, and adjacent connecting pipes are arranged crosswise at both ends of the copper tubes.

[0071] In this design, refrigerant, coolant, or other cooling media can be present inside the copper tube to achieve faster cooling.

[0072] In this solution, to reduce the vehicle's weight, the copper pipes can be connected to the air conditioning compressor via a three-way solenoid valve. The compressor then uses refrigerant to cool the vehicle. The refrigerant control system compresses the refrigerant, allowing it to pass evenly through each copper pipe for cooling.

[0073] In this embodiment, in order to adapt to batteries with different shapes and structures, such as those with anti-pressure grooves, anti-deformation pillars, and anti-deformation pillar grooves, the copper tube can be provided with corresponding grooves or protrusions to keep it in close contact with the side wall of the battery.

[0074] In this embodiment, in order to address the electrical connection between the battery electrodes and the copper pipe, heat dissipation fins can be installed between the batteries. The copper pipe passes through the heat dissipation fins to allow the refrigerant to pass through, which can also increase the heat dissipation efficiency at the same time.

[0075] In this embodiment, to improve the insulation effect, materials such as diamond, aluminum nitride, and silicon carbide can be added as heat dissipation fins to prevent electrical breakdown, or they can be used in the form of isolation insulation.

[0076] Several heat dissipation fins are set between the batteries to form several air ducts with the same direction. In order to increase the contact area of ​​the air ducts, the heat dissipation fins are located at the air outlets and air inlets on both sides of the vehicle body. Copper pipes vertically run through all the heat dissipation fins in the current gap.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] A control method for controlling a battery pack composed of high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium batteries.

[0079] S1. Obtain real-time temperature data inside the battery pack: The temperature of the power lithium battery can be directly measured by attaching an NTC thermistor to the battery module cover, or a temperature sensor can be set up in a dot matrix; the data transmitted back from inside the battery pack is processed in real time by the battery management system (BMS).

[0080] S2. Based on the big data standard warming trend model, make predictions by comparing the standard warming trend model with various data obtained in real time.

[0081] Based on data acquired during normal use, the BMS uses sensors to monitor the battery's voltage, current, and temperature in real time, and performs leakage detection, thermal management, battery balancing management, and alarm reminders. It calculates data such as remaining capacity SOC, discharge power, reported battery degradation degree SOH, and remaining capacity SOC status, and obtains a number of normal data. The above normal data is input into a convolutional neural network for training to obtain a standard temperature rise trend model.

[0082] Among them, the abnormal trend in S2 is that the battery may heat up rapidly to the decomposition temperature of the ion membrane, causing a short circuit. The trend can be predicted by comparing the current parameters with a standard model.

[0083] BMS can adjust cooling strategies based on trend predictions made by standard warming trend models.

[0084] The decomposition temperature of the ion-exchange membrane is 90°C or higher.

[0085] Based on the BMS's cooling strategy, a decision will be made regarding whether to use air cooling or refrigerant cooling.

[0086] In daily use,

[0087] When the BMS detects abnormal fluctuations in temperature data, it can control the three-way solenoid valve to connect to the air conditioning compressor and use refrigerant cooling to reduce the battery temperature.

[0088] When the battery heats up abnormally, the refrigerant power should be turned on to the maximum to effectively prevent fires and explosions. If the temperature can be stably controlled below 90°C, short circuits will be significantly reduced.

[0089] It should be noted that all features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all methods or processes disclosed, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0090] Furthermore, the specific embodiments described above are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this utility model, and these solutions all fall within the scope of this utility model and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model specification and its drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery, comprising a casing, a metal shell (3), a positive electrode (1) and a negative electrode (2) welded to the shell (3), a positive electrode interface (11), and a negative electrode interface (21), wherein the positive electrode (1) is connected to the positive electrode interface (11) and the negative electrode (2) is connected to the negative electrode interface, characterized in that: The housing (3) has a cavity for receiving electrolyte. The inner wall of the housing (3), the connection between the housing (3) and the positive electrode (1), and the contact surfaces between the positive electrode (1) and the negative electrode (2) and the electrolyte are all provided with diaphragms. The positive electrode (1) is at least partially inserted into the electrolyte; The positive electrode (1) is located at the opening of the housing (3), and an insulating plate (4) is provided at both the positive electrode interface (11) and the negative electrode interface (21). The insulating plate (4) covers the positive electrode interface (11) and the negative electrode interface (21) on the side. The part of the positive electrode (1) located inside the housing (3) is provided with a diaphragm and completely covers the surface of the housing (3) in contact with the electrolyte. The negative electrode (2) is disposed at the back opening of the housing (3); The insulating plate (4) has a multi-layer structure with open ends. The inner layer of the insulating plate (4) is a ceramic plate, and a plastic sealant that fully covers the ceramic plate is provided on the outside of the ceramic plate.

2. A high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (3) is an integrally formed housing. The outer shell is heat-sealed to the encapsulation body. The positive electrode interface (11) is inserted into the insulating plate (4) to form a side wrap and is heat-sealed to the encapsulation body. The positive electrode (1) extends at least partially out of the opening of the housing (3) to form a folded positive electrode tab (6).

3. A high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive electrode (1) has a strip-shaped plate structure.

4. A high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing (3) is provided with a folded negative electrode tab (7) that is connected to the negative electrode (2).

5. A high-power multi-tab electrodeless aqueous lithium battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positive electrode tab (6), the negative electrode tab (7), and the outer side of the housing (3) are all provided with an insulating coating.

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