Pretreatment device for measuring contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in organic fertilizer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical analysis instruments, in particular to a pretreatment device for measuring the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in an organic fertilizer. Comprising a rack; a condensation reflux device is mounted at the top of the rack, a vibration device is mounted in the middle of the rack, an adjustable electric furnace body is mounted at the bottom of the rack, and a test tube mounting seat is placed at the top of the adjustable electric furnace body; a truss device is arranged on one side face of the rack, a clamping device is arranged on the truss device, and the clamping device is driven by the truss device to move the test tube mounting base to the vibration device; an automatic liquid adding device is arranged on the other side face of the machine frame, and a liquid level sensor is installed at the output end of the automatic liquid adding device. Through cooperative work of the automatic liquid adding device, the truss device, the vibration device and other components, automation of a series of operations such as liquid adding, oscillation and uniform shaking, heating and condensation reflux is achieved, manual operation is greatly reduced, the detection efficiency is improved, and manual errors are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical analysis instrument technology, specifically a pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers. Background Technology

[0002] In the quality testing of organic fertilizers, it is crucial to accurately determine the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as this directly relates to the quality assessment and rational use of the fertilizer.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers using traditional methods of digestion treatment have many drawbacks. The traditional method involves placing the organic fertilizer in a beaker or test tube, adding concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide solution, shaking well, and letting it stand overnight to obtain a mixture. The mixture is then heated until the concentrated sulfuric acid fumes, and hydrogen peroxide solution is added dropwise in batches while heating continues until the system becomes a colorless or pale yellow clear liquid, yielding the digested liquid. This process is cumbersome, requiring frequent manual intervention, consuming significant time and effort. Furthermore, manual operation during heating and reagent addition is prone to significant errors, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy and stability of the experimental results. In addition, this method is uneconomical and impractical, failing to meet the needs of modern large-scale testing.

[0004] Therefore, developing a device that can automatically perform digestion and improve detection efficiency and accuracy is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of existing technologies, this utility model provides a pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers, comprising a frame; a condenser reflux device is installed at the top of the frame, a vibration device is installed in the middle, and an adjustable electric furnace body is installed at the bottom, with a test tube mounting base placed on top of the adjustable electric furnace body; a truss device is provided on one side of the frame, and a clamping device is provided on the truss device for moving the test tube mounting base to the vibration device by driving the clamping device through the truss device; an automatic liquid adding device is provided on the other side of the frame, and a liquid level sensor is installed at the output end of the automatic liquid adding device, which is located above the test tube mounting base and below the vibration device; a rotating device is provided at the bottom of the adjustable electric furnace body.

[0006] Furthermore, the automatic liquid dispensing device includes a reagent selection module and an extraction module. The reagent selection module has several liquid outlets and one liquid inlet. Each liquid outlet of the reagent selection module is connected to a housing liquid outlet, and the housing liquid outlet is connected to a dispensing head. A liquid level sensor and a label reader are installed on the dispensing head. A test tube mounting base is used to hold multiple test tubes, and each test tube is affixed with an identification label. The liquid inlet of the reagent selection module is connected to the liquid outlet of the extraction module, and the liquid inlet of the extraction module is connected to the reagent storage container through a pipe.

[0007] The reagent selection module includes an electric injection valve, several outlet pipes, and an inlet pipe. Each outlet of the electric injection valve is connected to an outlet of the housing via one of the outlet pipes. The inlet of the electric injection valve is connected to the outlet of the extraction module via the inlet pipe. The electrical input port of the electric injection valve is connected to a controller. The extraction module includes a peristaltic pump motor, a peristaltic pump head, and a peristaltic pipe. The outlet of the peristaltic pipe is connected to the inlet of the reagent selection module, and the inlet of the peristaltic pipe is connected to the outlet pipe of the container to be added liquid. The peristaltic pump motor is mechanically connected to the peristaltic pump head, and the controller is electrically connected to the peristaltic pump motor.

[0008] Furthermore, the condensation reflux device includes a condensation frame, the top of which is connected to the top of the frame. Several condensation branch pipes that cooperate with the test tubes in the test tube mounting seat are installed inside the condensation frame. The input end of the condensation branch pipe is connected to the output end of the cold source through a pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the truss device includes a pair of first stepper motors fixed to the side of the frame. The output end of the first stepper motor is connected to a first lead screw. A first slide is provided on the first lead screw. A second lead screw is provided between the first slides. The second lead screw is connected to a second stepper motor. A second slide is provided on the second lead screw. A fixed frame is located above the second slide. A third lead screw is provided on the fixed frame. The third lead screw is connected to a third stepper motor. A third slide is provided on the third lead screw. The clamping device is disposed on the third slide.

[0010] The clamping device includes a mounting frame. A fourth stepper motor is provided on one side of the mounting frame. The output end of the fourth stepper motor is connected to a fourth lead screw. A fourth slide is provided on the fourth lead screw. A guide shaft is provided at the front end of the mounting frame. A gripper fixing seat is symmetrically provided on the guide shaft. The gripper fixing seat is connected to a gripper via a pair of optical shafts. A compression spring is provided on the optical shaft. A limit switch is provided above the gripper. Connecting rods are hinged to both sides of the fourth slide. The ends of the connecting rods are hinged to the gripper fixing seats.

[0011] Furthermore, the vibration device includes a vibration frame, which is installed in the middle of the frame. A fifth stepper motor is provided on the top surface of the vibration frame, and the output end of the fifth stepper motor is connected to a first driving gear. A transmission shaft is provided on the vibration frame, and a second driven gear meshing with the first driving gear is provided at the upper end of the transmission shaft. A crank is provided at the lower end of the transmission shaft, and an arc-shaped test tube tray is connected to the crank. The end of the test tube tray is connected to the bottom surface of the vibration frame through a pin. A test tube fixing seat is provided on the test tube tray, and multiple elastic pressure plates are distributed on the inner side wall of the test tube fixing seat. Multiple ball bearings are provided on the bottom surface of the test tube tray.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotating device includes a rotating disk and a drive motor. A rotating shaft is provided at the center of the rotating disk, the output end of the drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating disk is mounted on the rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a one-way valve is arranged between the inlet of the reagent selection module and the outlet of the extraction module. The inlet of the one-way valve is connected to the outlet of the extraction module, and the outlet of the one-way valve is connected to the inlet of the reagent selection module.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustable electric furnace body is provided with a temperature adjustment button and a timer adjustment button near the bottom side;

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention automates a series of operations, including liquid addition, oscillation, heating, and condensation reflux, through the coordinated work of components such as an automatic liquid addition device, a truss device, and a vibration device. This greatly reduces manual operation, improves testing efficiency, and reduces human error. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 A bottom view of the condensation reflux device of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the vibration device of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the truss device structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the clamping device of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the automatic liquid dispensing device of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 Side view of the extraction module of this utility model.

[0024] Figure label:

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Condensation reflux device; 2. Frame; 3. Truss assembly; 4. Clamping device; 5. Vibration device; 6. Automatic liquid addition device; 7. Test tube mounting base; 8. Adjustable electric furnace body; 31. Fourth stepper motor; 32. Fourth lead screw; 33. Fourth slide; 34. Connecting rod; 35. Gripper fixing seat; 36. Optical axis; 37. Gripper; 38. Limit switch; 39. Compression spring; 310. Guide shaft; 311. First stepper motor; 312. First lead screw; 313. First slide; 314. Second lead screw; 315. Third stepper motor; 16. Fixing frame; 317. Third slide; 318. Third lead screw; 319. Second stepper motor; 320. Second slide; 321. Mounting frame; 51. Eighth stepper motor; 52. First driving gear; 53. First driven gear; 54. Drive shaft; 55. Crank; 56. Test tube tray; 57. Ball bearing; 58. Pin; 59. Test tube holder; 510. Elastic pressure plate; 511. Vibration frame; 61. Reagent selection module; 62. Extraction module; 63. Controller; 64. One-way valve; 101. Liquid outlet; 102. Liquid inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-7 This utility model provides a pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in organic fertilizers, including a frame 2;

[0028] A condensation reflux device 1 is installed on the top of the frame 2, and a vibration device 5 is installed in the middle of the frame 2; an adjustable electric furnace body 8 is installed at the bottom of the frame 2, and a test tube mounting seat 7 is placed on the top of the adjustable electric furnace body 8; a truss device 3 is provided on one side of the frame 2, and a clamping device 4 is provided on the truss device 3, which is used to move the test tube mounting seat 7 to the vibration device 5 by driving the clamping device 4 through the truss device 3;

[0029] An automatic liquid adding device 6 is provided on the other side of the frame 2. A liquid level sensor is installed at the output end of the automatic liquid adding device 6. The output end of the automatic liquid adding device 6 is located above the test tube mounting base 7 and below the vibration device 5. A rotating device is provided at the bottom of the adjustable electric furnace body 8 for automatically adding reagents to each test tube through the rotating device.

[0030] The top of the test tube mounting base 7 extends out of the top of the adjustable electric furnace body 8, and the bottom of the test tube mounting base 7 is located inside the top of the adjustable electric furnace body 8. The adjustable electric furnace body 8 is provided with a temperature adjustment button and a timer adjustment button on the side near the bottom, for adjusting the heating temperature and timer.

[0031] It should be noted that the device includes a frame 2, a reflux condenser 1, a vibration device 5, an adjustable electric furnace body 8, a truss assembly 3, a clamping device 4, and an automatic liquid dispensing device. The frame 2 serves as the supporting structure for the entire device, providing a base for the installation of other components. The reflux condenser 1 is installed at the top of the frame 2 to condense and reflux the steam generated during the heating process, reducing reagent evaporation and improving the safety and accuracy of the experiment. The vibration device 5 is installed in the middle to agitate and mix the sample and reagents, promoting a complete reaction. The adjustable electric furnace body 8 is installed at the bottom for heating the mixture of sample and reagents, and a test tube holder 7 is placed on top of it to hold test tubes containing samples and reagents. The truss assembly 3 and the clamping device 4 on one side of the frame 2 work together to move the test tube holder 7 between the adjustable electric furnace body 8, the vibration device 5, and the reflux condenser 1, enabling the orderly execution of different processing steps. The automatic liquid addition device 6, located on the other side of the frame 2, can automatically add reagents such as concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide to the test tubes according to experimental needs, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of liquid addition.

[0032] Furthermore, the rotating device includes a rotating disk and a drive motor. A rotating shaft is provided at the center of the rotating disk. The output end of the drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft. The rotating disk is mounted on the rotating shaft and is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate through the drive motor, thereby driving the rotating disk and the adjustable electric furnace body 8 to rotate.

[0033] Furthermore, the automatic liquid dispensing device 6 includes a reagent selection module 61 and an extraction module 62, and the controller 63 is electrically connected to both the reagent selection module and the extraction module.

[0034] The reagent selection module 61 has several outlets and one inlet. Each outlet of the reagent selection module 61 is connected to a housing outlet, and the housing outlet is connected to a dispensing head. A liquid level sensor and a label reader are installed on the dispensing head. The test tube mounting base 7 is used to hold multiple test tubes, and each test tube is affixed with an identification label. The inlet of the reagent selection module is connected to the outlet of the extraction module, and the inlet of the extraction module is connected to the reagent storage container through a pipe.

[0035] Specifically, the reagent selection module has two outlets: one for concentrated sulfuric acid and the other for hydrogen peroxide. The automatic liquid dispensing device consists of a reagent selection module 61 and an extraction module 62. The reagent selection module 61 has multiple outlets 101 and one inlet 102, which selects and outputs different reagents through an electric injection valve and matching tubing. Each outlet 101 of the electric injection valve is connected to an outlet tubing leading to the outlet of the housing, while the inlet is connected to the extraction module through an inlet tubing. The extraction module 62 consists of a peristaltic pump motor, a peristaltic pump head, and peristaltic tubing. The peristaltic pump motor drives the peristaltic pump head to move peristaltively along the peristaltic tubing, extracting the reagent from the liquid container to be added and delivering it to the reagent selection module. The controller 63 is electrically connected to the reagent selection module 61 and the extraction module 62. According to a set program, it controls the opening and closing of the electric injection valve and the operation of the peristaltic pump motor, achieving precise control over the amount, speed, and method of liquid addition. For example, when adding concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide solution to a test tube, the controller can, according to experimental requirements, first control the extraction module 62 to extract a certain amount of concentrated sulfuric acid, which is then delivered to the test tube through the corresponding outlet of the reagent selection module. In subsequent reactions, according to the set time and dosage, the controller then controls the extraction module 62 to extract hydrogen peroxide solution and add it to the test tube.

[0036] Furthermore, the reagent selection module 61 includes an electric injection valve, several outlet pipes, and an inlet pipe. Each outlet of the electric injection valve is connected to a housing outlet via one of the outlet pipes, and the housing outlet is connected to a dispensing head. The inlet of the electric injection valve is connected to the outlet of the extraction module via the inlet pipe, and the electrical input port of the electric injection valve is connected to the controller 63. Taking this device as an example, its reagent selection module 61 has a concentrated sulfuric acid outlet and a hydrogen peroxide outlet. The opening and closing of the electric injection valve is precisely controlled by the controller 63. The controller 63 sends instructions to the electric injection valve according to the preset experimental procedure and parameters. When concentrated sulfuric acid needs to be added in the experiment, the controller 63 sends a signal to open the concentrated sulfuric acid outlet channel of the electric injection valve and close the other outlets, so that the concentrated sulfuric acid delivered by the extraction module 62 can flow through this channel to the corresponding housing outlet and then into the test tube.

[0037] Furthermore, the extraction module 62 includes a peristaltic pump motor, a peristaltic pump head, and a peristaltic matching pipeline; the outlet end of the peristaltic matching pipeline is connected to the inlet of the reagent selection module, and the inlet end of the peristaltic matching pipeline is connected to the outlet pipe of the container to be added liquid. The peristaltic pump motor and the peristaltic pump head are mechanically connected, and the controller 63 drives the peristaltic pump head to peristalse on the peristaltic matching pipeline via the peristaltic pump motor.

[0038] It should be noted that the extraction module 62 consists of a peristaltic pump motor, a peristaltic pump head, and a peristaltic tubing. The peristaltic pump motor and the peristaltic pump head are mechanically connected and operate under the control of the controller. When the controller 63 issues an extraction command, the peristaltic pump motor starts, driving the peristaltic pump head to move peristally along the peristaltic tubing. The inlet end of the peristaltic tubing is connected to the outlet end of the container to be added, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet of the reagent selection module 61. Under the squeezing action of the peristaltic pump head, the reagent in the container to be added is drawn into the peristaltic tubing and transported along the tubing to the reagent selection module 61. By controlling the start / stop, forward / reverse rotation, and speed of the peristaltic pump motor, the amount and speed of reagent extraction can be precisely adjusted. For example, if the setting is to add 5mL of concentrated sulfuric acid, the controller 63 will precisely control the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid extracted to reach 5mL based on the speed of the peristaltic pump motor and the squeezing frequency of the peristaltic pump head.

[0039] Throughout the liquid addition process, the controller 63 coordinates the control of the reagent selection module 61 and the extraction module 62 based on the preset experimental procedure and real-time monitoring of liquid levels. On one hand, the controller 63 determines the type, quantity, and order of reagents to be added according to experimental requirements, and sends instructions to the electric injection valve of the reagent selection module 61 to select the appropriate outlet channel. On the other hand, the controller 63 controls the peristaltic pump motor of the extraction module 62 to precisely adjust the amount and speed of reagent extraction. During the liquid addition process, if the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level in the test tube is close to the preset upper limit, the controller will promptly adjust the peristaltic pump motor speed to slow down the liquid addition speed and prevent reagent overflow; if the liquid level is detected to be below the set value, the controller will control the extraction module 62 to continue extracting reagents until the set amount of liquid added is reached.

[0040] The automatic liquid dispensing device includes a reagent storage container, a peristaltic pump, a dispensing head, and a controller 63. It uses tag identification to determine the position and identity of each test tube, uses liquid level sensing technology to control the amount of liquid added, and coordinates the actions of the automatic liquid dispensing device and the test tube mounting base through the control system, thereby achieving precise addition of reagents to each test tube.

[0041] The controller 6 precisely controls the operation of the peristaltic pump, thereby accurately adjusting the amount of reagent added. A unique identification label (such as a QR code or RFID tag) is affixed to each test tube, and a corresponding label reader (QR code scanner or RFID reader / writer) is installed on the automatic dispensing device. A liquid level sensor is installed on the dispensing head to monitor the liquid level in the test tube in real time, preventing over- or under-dispensing. Specifically, first, the labeled test tubes are placed in the designated position on the test tube mounting base 7. The automatic dispensing device is then initialized, including parameters such as reagent type and dispensing volume.

[0042] Next, the test tube holder moves, positioning the first test tube below the label reader. The label reader reads the label information on the test tube and transmits it to the control module. Based on the label information, the controller 63 confirms the type and volume of reagent required for the test tube; the control module then drives the peristaltic pump to extract the required reagent from the corresponding reagent storage container.

[0043] Next, the dispensing head moves above the test tube to begin dispensing. During the dispensing process, the level sensor monitors the liquid level in the test tube in real time. When the liquid level reaches the preset value, the controller 63 stops the peristaltic pump, ending the dispensing operation.

[0044] Finally, the test tube mounting base 7 rotates so that the next test tube is positioned below the label reader.

[0045] Repeat steps 2-3 until all test tubes have been filled with liquid;

[0046] Furthermore, a one-way valve 64 is arranged between the inlet of the reagent selection module 61 and the outlet of the extraction module 62. The inlet end of the one-way valve 64 is connected to the outlet of the extraction module 62, and the outlet end of the one-way valve 64 is connected to the inlet of the reagent selection module 61.

[0047] Furthermore, both the liquid-contact material of the electric injection valve and the one-way valve 64 are made of inert materials.

[0048] Sometimes, gaseous materials need to be added after the reagent selection module 61. The gas pressure may cause liquid backflow, that is, the gas will force the liquid to flow from the electric injection valve to the peristaltic tubing. To avoid this situation, a one-way valve 64 is installed between the electric injection valve and the peristaltic tubing.

[0049] The inlet of the one-way valve 64 is connected to the peristaltic pipeline, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the electric sampling valve. This ensures that the liquid in the pipeline can only flow from the extraction module 62 to the electric sampling valve, and not from the electric sampling valve to the extraction module 62, thus achieving a check valve function. Simultaneously, the one-way valve 64 also filters the passing liquid.

[0050] Furthermore, the condensation reflux device 1 includes a condensation frame 61, the top of which is connected to the top of the frame 2. Several condensation branch pipes 62 that cooperate with the test tubes in the test tube mounting base 7 are installed inside the condensation frame 61. The input end of the condensation branch pipe 62 is connected to the output end of the cold source through a pipe, and is used to supply cold liquid to the condensation branch pipe 62. The condensation frame 61 is a rectangular frame.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the truss device 3 includes a pair of first stepper motors 311 fixed to the side of the frame body 6. The output end of the first stepper motor 311 is connected to a first lead screw 312. A first slide 313 is provided on the first lead screw 312. A second lead screw 314 is provided between the first slides 313. The second lead screw 314 is connected to a second stepper motor 319. A second slide 320 is provided on the second lead screw 314. A fixed frame 316 is provided above the second slide 320. A third lead screw 318 is provided on the fixed frame 316. The third lead screw 318 is connected to a third stepper motor 315. A third slide 317 is provided on the third lead screw 318. The clamping device 4 is provided on the third slide 317. The truss device 3 of this utility model drives the first lead screw to rotate via the first stepper motor 311, causing the first slide 313 to move up and down. The second lead screw between the first slides 313 is rotated via the second stepper motor 319, causing the second slide 320 to move left and right. A fixed frame 316 is provided on the second slide 320. The third lead screw provided on the fixed frame 316 rotates under the action of the third stepper motor 315, causing the third slide 317 to move back and forth, thus forming a multi-degree-of-freedom motion.

[0052] It should be noted that the truss device 3 consists of a pair of first stepper motors, a first lead screw, a first slide, a second lead screw, a second stepper motor, a second slide, a fixed frame, a third lead screw, a third stepper motor, and a third slide. The first stepper motor drives the first lead screw to rotate, causing the first slide to move up and down; the second stepper motor drives the second lead screw to rotate, enabling the second slide to move left and right; the third stepper motor drives the third lead screw to rotate, causing the third slide to move back and forth. Through the combination of these three directions of movement, a multi-degree-of-freedom motion platform is formed, which can precisely control the position of the clamping device and realize the accurate transfer of the test tube mounting base between different positions.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the clamping device 4 includes a mounting frame 321. A fourth stepper motor 31 is provided on one side of the mounting frame 321. The output end of the fourth stepper motor 31 is connected to a fourth lead screw 32. A fourth slide 33 is provided on the fourth lead screw 32. A guide shaft 310 is provided at the front end of the mounting frame 321. A gripper fixing seat 35 is symmetrically provided on the guide shaft 310. The gripper fixing seat 35 is connected to a gripper 37 via a pair of optical shafts 36. A compression spring 39 is provided on the optical shafts 36. A limit switch 38 is provided above the gripper 37. Connecting rods 34 are hinged to both sides of the fourth slide 33. The ends of the connecting rods 34 are hinged to the gripper fixing seats 35. The clamping device 4 of this utility model drives the fourth lead screw 32 to rotate via the fourth stepper motor 31, so that the fourth slide 33 moves and drives the connecting rod 34 to move during the movement. The clamping jaw fixing seat 35, which is hinged to the connecting rod 34, moves in opposite directions on the optical axis 36, causing the clamping jaw to clamp the test tube mounting seat 7. Moreover, the limit switch 38 and compression spring 39 provided on the clamping jaw 37 can limit the extreme position of the clamping jaw 37, which has a stable clamping effect.

[0054] It should be noted that the clamping device 4 is installed on the third slide of the truss device and includes a mounting frame, a fourth stepper motor, a fourth lead screw, a fourth slide, a guide shaft, a gripper fixing seat, grippers, a compression spring, and limit switches. The fourth stepper motor drives the fourth lead screw to rotate, which in turn moves the fourth slide. The connecting rods on both sides of the fourth slide are hinged to the gripper fixing seat, causing the gripper fixing seat to move in opposite directions on the guide shaft, thereby achieving the tensioning and loosening of the grippers for clamping and releasing the test tube mounting base. The limit switches and compression springs on the grippers limit the extreme positions of the grippers, preventing the grippers from over-clamping or loosening, ensuring the stability of the clamping, and preventing the test tube mounting base from shaking or falling during transfer.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the vibration device 5 includes a vibration frame 511, which has a "[" shaped structure. The vibration frame 511 is installed in the middle of the frame 2. A fifth stepper motor 51 is provided on the top surface of the vibration frame 511, and the output end of the fifth stepper motor 51 is connected to a first drive gear 52. A transmission shaft 54 ​​is provided on the vibration frame 511. A second driven gear 53 that meshes with the first drive gear 52 is provided at the upper end of the transmission shaft 54. A crank 55 is provided at the lower end of the transmission shaft 54. An arc-shaped test tube tray 56 is connected to the crank 55. The end of the test tube tray 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the vibration frame 511 through a pin 58. A test tube fixing seat 59 is provided on the test tube tray 56. The fifth stepper motor 51 rotates, driving the transmission shaft 54 ​​to rotate. The transmission shaft 54 ​​reciprocates around the pin 58 with the test tube tray 56 through the crank 55, so that the test tubes placed in the test tube fixing seat 59 are fully shaken and the liquid is fully mixed.

[0056] It should be noted that the vibration device 5 is installed in the middle of the frame and consists of a vibration frame, a fifth stepper motor, a first driving gear, a second driven gear, a transmission shaft, a crank, a test tube tray, a test tube holder, elastic pressure plates, and ball bearings. The rotation of the fifth stepper motor drives the first driving gear to rotate. The first driving gear meshes with the second driven gear, causing the transmission shaft to rotate. The crank at the lower end of the transmission shaft drives the arc-shaped test tube tray to reciprocate around the pin shaft. The test tube holder is located on the test tube tray, and the elastic pressure plates on its inner wall clamp the test tubes during vibration, preventing them from shaking or detaching. The ball bearings on the bottom of the test tube tray reduce friction between the test tube tray and the vibration frame, improving the stability and effectiveness of the vibration, and ensuring thorough mixing of the sample and reagents in the test tubes.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, multiple elastic pressure plates 510 are distributed on the inner sidewall of the test tube holder 59;

[0058] The bottom surface of the test tube tray 56 is provided with multiple ball bearings 57. At the same time, the elastic pressure plate 510 ensures that the test tube mounting base 7 will not detach during the shaking process, and the ball bearings improve stability and reduce friction.

[0059] Experimental Procedure: This invention first automatically adds liquid to the test tube in the test tube mounting base 7 via the automatic liquid adding device 6. The liquid volume can be set via the controller 63. Then, the truss device 3 on the frame 2 drives the clamping device 4 to move, removing the test tube mounting base 7 from the adjustable electric furnace body 8. The sample (0.5-1.0g), 5mL concentrated sulfuric acid, and 1.5mL hydrogen peroxide are then shaken and mixed in the vibration device 5. After mixing, the truss device 3 drives the clamping device 4 to move the test tube mounting base 7 to the adjustable electric furnace body 8. The mixture is then slowly heated in the adjustable electric furnace body 8 until the concentrated sulfuric acid fumes (temperature approximately 220-250℃, temperature adjustable). The sample is then removed, and the truss device 3 drives the clamping device 4 to move the test tube mounting base 7 so that the test liquid in the test tube contacts the cooling end of the reflux condenser 1. A timer is set for 15 minutes. After cooling, the test tube mounting base 7 is moved to the adjustable electric furnace body 8 via the truss device 3 driving the clamping device 4. 0.4-0.6 mL of hydrogen peroxide solution is then added dropwise to each test tube via the automatic liquid addition device 6. After addition, the test tube mounting base 7 is moved to the vibration device 5 via the truss device 3 driving the clamping device 4 and vibrated for 20 seconds. The test tube mounting base 7 is then moved to the adjustable electric furnace body 8, and heated to 190-200℃ for 10-20 minutes. The steps of adding hydrogen peroxide solution and heating are repeated until the system becomes a colorless or pale yellow clear liquid. Heating continues for 10 minutes to remove any remaining hydrogen peroxide, yielding a digestion solution. The digestion solution is removed, slightly cooled, and transferred to a 100 mL volumetric flask, then diluted to volume with water. The resulting sample solution is filtered dry through phosphorus-free filter paper into a stoppered Erlenmeyer flask to obtain the organic fertilizer test solution. This achieves automatic digestion of organic fertilizer before determining its nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, yielding the organic fertilizer test solution.

[0060] It is worth noting that this application has a high degree of automation: through the coordinated work of components such as automatic liquid addition device, gantry device, and vibration device, a series of operations such as liquid addition, shaking and mixing, heating, and condensation reflux are automated, which greatly reduces manual operation, improves detection efficiency, and reduces human error.

[0061] The experimental results are accurate: the reflux condenser reduces reagent evaporation and ensures the integrity of the reaction system; the automatic liquid addition device precisely controls the amount and method of liquid addition, ensuring the consistency of experimental conditions; and the vibration device ensures that the sample and reagent are fully mixed, promoting the full reaction. All of these factors contribute to improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results.

[0062] Easy to operate: The components of the device are reasonably designed and the operation interface is simple and easy to understand. The entire experimental process can be completed by setting parameters through the controller, without the need for complicated manual operation, which reduces the workload and technical requirements of the operators.

[0063] Stable structure: The truss device, clamping device and other structural designs are robust and stable, which can ensure the stability of the test tube mounting base during the transfer process, avoid test tube damage or reagent leakage, and improve the service life and safety of the device.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers, characterized in that, Including racks; A condenser reflux device is installed at the top of the frame, a vibration device is installed in the middle, and an adjustable electric furnace body is installed at the bottom. A test tube mounting base is placed on top of the adjustable electric furnace body. A truss device is provided on one side of the frame, and a clamping device is provided on the truss device for moving the test tube mounting base to the vibration device by driving the clamping device through the truss device. An automatic liquid adding device is provided on the other side of the frame. A liquid level sensor is installed at the output end of the automatic liquid adding device. The output end of the automatic liquid adding device is located above the test tube mounting base and below the vibration device. A rotating device is provided at the bottom of the adjustable electric furnace body.

2. The pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic liquid dispensing device includes a reagent selection module and an extraction module. The reagent selection module has several liquid outlets and one liquid inlet. Each liquid outlet of the reagent selection module is connected to a housing liquid outlet, and the housing liquid outlet is connected to a dispensing head. A liquid level sensor and a label reader are installed on the dispensing head. A test tube mounting base is used to hold multiple test tubes, and each test tube is affixed with an identification label. The inlet of the reagent selection module is connected to the outlet of the extraction module, and the inlet of the extraction module is connected to the reagent storage container through a pipe. The reagent selection module includes an electric injection valve, several outlet pipes, and an inlet pipe. Each outlet of the electric injection valve is connected to an outlet of the housing via one of the outlet pipes. The inlet of the electric injection valve is connected to the outlet of the extraction module via the inlet pipe. The electrical input port of the electric injection valve is connected to a controller. The extraction module includes a peristaltic pump motor, a peristaltic pump head, and a peristaltic pipe. The outlet of the peristaltic pipe is connected to the inlet of the reagent selection module, and the inlet of the peristaltic pipe is connected to the outlet pipe of the container to be added liquid. The peristaltic pump motor is mechanically connected to the peristaltic pump head, and the controller is electrically connected to the peristaltic pump motor.

3. The pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation reflux device includes a condensation frame, the top of which is connected to the top of the frame. Several condensation branch pipes that cooperate with the test tubes in the test tube mounting seat are installed inside the condensation frame. The input end of the condensation branch pipe is connected to the output end of the cold source through a pipe.

4. The pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The truss device includes a pair of first stepper motors fixed to the side of the frame. The output end of each first stepper motor is connected to a first lead screw. A first slide is provided on the first lead screw. A second lead screw is provided between the first slides. The second lead screw is connected to a second stepper motor. A second slide is provided on the second lead screw. A fixed frame is located above the second slide. A third lead screw is provided on the fixed frame. The third lead screw is connected to a third stepper motor. A third slide is provided on the third lead screw. The clamping device is disposed on the third slide. The clamping device includes a mounting frame. A fourth stepper motor is provided on one side of the mounting frame. The output end of the fourth stepper motor is connected to a fourth lead screw. A fourth slide is provided on the fourth lead screw. A guide shaft is provided at the front end of the mounting frame. A gripper fixing seat is symmetrically provided on the guide shaft. The gripper fixing seat is connected to a gripper via a pair of optical shafts. A compression spring is provided on the optical shaft. A limit switch is provided above the gripper. Connecting rods are hinged to both sides of the fourth slide. The ends of the connecting rods are hinged to the gripper fixing seats.

5. The pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration device includes a vibration frame, which is installed in the middle of the machine frame. A fifth stepper motor is provided on the top surface of the vibration frame, and the output end of the fifth stepper motor is connected to a first driving gear. A transmission shaft is provided on the vibration frame. A second driven gear meshing with the first driving gear is provided at the upper end of the transmission shaft. A crank is provided at the lower end of the transmission shaft. An arc-shaped test tube tray is connected to the crank. The end of the test tube tray is connected to the bottom surface of the vibration frame through a pin. A test tube fixing seat is provided on the test tube tray. Multiple elastic pressure plates are distributed on the inner side wall of the test tube fixing seat. Multiple ball bearings are provided on the bottom surface of the test tube tray.

6. The pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating device includes a rotating disk and a drive motor. A rotating shaft is provided at the center of the rotating disk. The output end of the drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating disk is mounted on the rotating shaft.

7. The pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers according to claim 2, characterized in that, A one-way valve is arranged between the inlet of the reagent selection module and the outlet of the extraction module. The inlet of the one-way valve is connected to the outlet of the extraction module, and the outlet of the one-way valve is connected to the inlet of the reagent selection module.

8. The pretreatment device for determining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in organic fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable electric furnace body has a temperature adjustment button and a timer adjustment button located near the bottom.

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