Device capable of improving friction stability of speed reducer of ZD6 point switch

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device capable of improving the friction stability of a speed reducer of a ZD6 point switch, which comprises a speed reducing shell (1), an internal gear (2) and an output shaft (3), the internal gear (2) is of a hollow step shaft-shaped structure, teeth are arranged in an inner hole at the large end of the internal gear (2), the teeth are in meshing transmission with an external gear (9) in the hole, an inner hole at the small end of the internal gear (2) is a bearing hole and is centered by a rolling bearing, and the output shaft (3) is arranged in the bearing hole. The speed reducer is characterized in that a bearing (6) is arranged between the outer side of the large end of the internal gear (2) and the inner side of the corresponding part of the speed reducing shell (1), the outer side of the large end of the internal gear (2) is tightly matched with the inner side of the corresponding part of the speed reducing shell (1) through the bearing (6), and the large end and the small end of the internal gear (2) are tightly positioned by the bearing in the circumferential direction. According to the utility model, based on the actual situation of the integrated structure of the speed reducer and the friction coupler, the stability of friction current is improved by improving the rotation stability of the internal gear when the speed reducer is rubbed (the friction coupler is in a slipping state).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to electric switch machines, and in particular to a device that can improve the frictional stability of the reducer of a ZD6 switch machine. Background Technology

[0002] Electric switch machines require the use of friction couplings to adjust and set the maximum output force of the actuating rod to ensure the tight contact force and 4mm non-locking parameters of the switching system, and to protect the motor in case of a switching failure.

[0003] The stability of the friction conversion force of the friction coupling affects the reliability of turnout switching. For example, in field applications, the ZD6 switch machine may experience an abnormal increase in friction conversion force (friction current), leading to mechanical rebound and a phenomenon where the circuit is connected and then disconnected. Conversely, when the friction conversion force (friction current) decreases, the turnout may fail to complete the switching process. Therefore, checking and adjusting the friction conversion force (friction current) is an important part of the daily maintenance of electric switch machines. For the ZD6 switch machine, the friction current can be used to reflect the friction conversion force.

[0004] To improve the stability of the triboelectric current of the ZD6 switch machine, researchers have conducted extensive research and made certain improvements in terms of friction materials and friction structure, achieving some results. However, these improvements still cannot meet the needs of field applications and require further refinement.

[0005] Figure 1 The ZD6 switch machine reducer with an integrated drum-type friction structure is presented. In this structure, the internal gear 2 in the planetary reduction transmission mechanism extends out of the reduction housing 1 and is clamped and fixed by friction belts installed on the left clamping plate 4 and the right clamping plate 5. The magnitude of the clamping force is adjusted by a spring. When the friction force generated by the clamping force prevents the internal gear 2 from rotating, the output shaft 3 of the reducer rotates and drives the subsequent parts. When the friction force generated by the clamping force cannot prevent the internal gear 2 from rotating, the friction coupling is in a slipping state, the internal gear 2 rotates, the output shaft 3 of the reducer cannot rotate, and it cannot drive the subsequent parts. The ZD6 reducer is defined as being in a friction state at this time. The operating current value of the motor at this time is the friction current value. The force value measured on the actuating rod along the direction of movement of the actuating rod is the friction conversion force value, or simply friction force.

[0006] Figure 2 The ZD6 switch machine reducer with integrated disc friction structure is presented. It stacks the inner friction plate 7 and the outer friction plate 8 axially and presses them together with springs to generate friction between their contact surfaces. The inner friction plate 7 is nested with the inner gear 2 and the outer friction plate 8 is nested with the reduction housing 1, or the inner friction plate 7 is nested with the reduction housing 1 and the outer friction plate 8 is nested with the inner gear 2. The inner friction plate 7 and the outer friction plate 8 are enclosed in the cavity to reduce the influence of the external environment on the friction surface.

[0007] Figure 1 The structure is the initial design. In order to improve frictional stability during use, the friction belt material has been improved several times. Asbestos rubber friction belts that produce hazardous waste, have a short frictional life and are prone to moisture absorption have been eliminated. However, the resin-based friction belts and copper-based powder metallurgy friction belts currently in use cannot meet the requirements for the stability of frictional current (friction force) on site.

[0008] Figure 2 The structure is for Figure 1 Improvements to the structure, which address the open friction surfaces that are susceptible to environmental influences, now protect the friction material within a closed cavity, isolating it from the external environment. This reduces the impact of pollution, moisture, and oil on the friction surfaces, positively contributing to improved friction stability. However, during assembly, debugging, and actual use, instances of poor friction stability still exist, failing to meet usage requirements.

[0009] It is evident that the existing ZD6 switch reducer with integrated friction coupling has problems such as insufficient friction stability, high maintenance workload, poor high and low temperature stability, and difficulty in meeting environmental influences such as temperature, humidity, and pollutants during the service life. Even after sealing improvements, the friction stability still cannot fully meet the usage requirements.

[0010] The reason for this is that during reducer friction (slippage of the friction coupling), the internal gear 2 rotates relative to the reduction housing 1 under the drive of the external gear. In the reducer structure, a small gap is designed between the contact surfaces of the two gears to accommodate the slight radial oscillation of the internal gear 2 caused by the gear meshing force during rotation, preventing excessive local contact force from causing problems such as scuffing, seizing, and tearing. However, this oscillation results in significant changes in gear meshing, leading to unstable reducer transmission and consequently, unstable motor operating current during reducer friction.

[0011] It is evident that all improvements are based solely on the structure or material of the friction coupling, without fully considering the actual situation that the internal gear 2 has two working states in the integrated structure of the reducer and the friction coupling. Therefore, they cannot fundamentally change the unstable motor operating current under friction conditions. Utility Model Content

[0012] In view of the shortcomings of existing technical solutions, this utility model relates to a device that can improve the frictional stability of the ZD6 switch machine reducer. Based on the actual situation of the integrated structure of the reducer and the friction coupling, it improves the stability of the internal gear rotation when the reducer is in friction (the friction coupling is in a slipping state), thereby improving the stability of the frictional current.

[0013] The technical solution of this utility model is: a device that can improve the frictional stability of the ZD6 switch reducer, comprising: a reduction housing, an internal gear and an output shaft, wherein the internal gear is a hollow stepped shaft structure, the large end of the internal gear has teeth in the inner hole, the teeth mesh with the external gear in the hole, and the small end of the internal gear has a bearing hole, which is centered by a rolling bearing. The feature is that a bearing is installed between the outer side of the large end of the internal gear and the inner side of the corresponding part of the reduction housing, and the outer side of the large end of the internal gear and the inner side of the corresponding part of the reduction housing are tightly fitted by the bearing. Both the large end and the small end of the internal gear are tightly positioned by the bearing in the circumferential direction.

[0014] When the internal gear is stationary relative to the reduction housing, the output shaft rotates, and the reducer is in normal transmission mode.

[0015] When the internal gear rotates relative to the reduction housing, the output shaft is stationary and the reducer is in a state of friction. It is restricted by the bearing between the outer side of the large end of the internal gear and the inner side of the corresponding part of the reduction housing, and by the rolling bearing inside the small end of the internal gear. When the internal gear rotates relative to the reduction housing, the oscillation of the internal gear around the axis of rotation is less than 0.02mm.

[0016] When the internal gear is stationary relative to the reduction housing, the internal gear and the reduction housing are tightly engaged through the bearing, so that the torque transmitted by the internal gear is less than the torque set by the friction coupling, the internal gear does not rotate, the output shaft rotates, and the reducer is in normal transmission state.

[0017] When the internal gear rotates relative to the reduction housing; when the torque transmitted by the internal gear is greater than the set torque of the friction coupling, the internal gear rotates, the reducer is in a friction state, causing the output shaft to jam and the output shaft to stop.

[0018] The bearing is a sliding bearing, which is fixed in the hole in the reduction housing that accommodates the large end of the internal gear.

[0019] The bearing is a bushing, and the hole in the reduction housing that accommodates the large end of the internal gear has a first circumferential groove, and the bushing is installed in the first circumferential groove of the reduction housing.

[0020] The bearing or bushing has a second circumferential groove on the outer circumference of the large end of the internal gear, and the bushing is installed in the second circumferential groove of the large end of the internal gear.

[0021] The bearing is either a rolling bearing or a rolling bearing. The outer ring of the rolling bearing is tightly fitted and fixed in the hole in the reduction housing that accommodates the large end of the internal gear, and the inner ring of the bearing is tightly fitted in the same way as the large end of the internal gear.

[0022] The advantages of this utility model are: compared with the prior art, this utility model changes the original structure of one-end support of the internal gear to two-end support, which eliminates the gap between the internal gear and the reduction housing in the reducer structure and enhances the stability of the internal gear when rotating.

[0023] When the friction coupling slips, the internal and external gears in the reducer continue to mesh and transmit power. The meshing force causes deformation of the internal gear at the meshing point and wobbling of the rotation axis. In the original structure, because the internal gear is not tightly fixed at the meshing point with the external gear, the large end of the internal gear will wobble significantly during rotation. This worsens the meshing between the internal and external gears, and changes the friction between the outer circumference of the internal gear and the reduction housing. Consequently, the transmission of the reducer changes, ultimately leading to unstable operating current of the motor under these conditions, i.e., unstable friction current.

[0024] In the improved structure, the large end of the internal gear is tightly fixed by the bearing, so the frictional force changes little during its rotation and the rotation axis is stable. The meshing of the internal and external gears is stable and changes little, so the operating current of the motor is relatively stable, that is, the frictional current is relatively stable.

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the ZD6 switch machine reducer with an existing integrated drum friction structure;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the ZD6 switch machine reducer with an existing integrated disc friction structure;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 5 of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 6 of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 7 of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 8 of this utility model.

[0036] In the diagram, 1 is the reduction housing; 2 is the internal gear; 3 is the reducer output shaft; 4 is the left clamping plate; 5 is the right clamping plate; 6 is the bearing; 7 is the internal friction plate; 8 is the external friction plate; 9 is the external gear; 10 is the rotation axis; 11 is the first circumferential groove; 12 is the second circumferential groove; and 13 is the outer ring of the rolling bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To further illustrate the technical means and methods adopted by this utility model to achieve its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structural features and methods of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, this utility model relates to a device that can improve the frictional stability of a ZD6 switch machine reducer. It is implemented in the existing ZD6 switch machine reducer with an integrated drum friction structure. The structure that can improve the frictional stability of the ZD6 switch machine reducer includes: a reduction housing 1, an internal gear 2, and an output shaft 3. The internal gear 2 is a hollow stepped shaft structure. The large end of the internal gear 2 has teeth in its inner hole, which mesh with the external gear 9 inside the hole. The small end of the internal gear 2 has a bearing hole, which is centered by a rolling bearing. The feature is that a bearing 6 is installed between the outer side of the large end of the internal gear 2 and the inner side of the corresponding part of the reduction housing 1. The outer side of the large end of the internal gear 2 and the inner side of the corresponding part of the reduction housing 1 are tightly fitted by the bearing 6. Both the large end and the small end of the internal gear 2 are tightly positioned by the bearing in the circumferential direction.

[0039] When the internal gear 2 is stationary relative to the reduction housing 1, the output shaft 3 rotates and the reducer is in normal transmission state;

[0040] When the internal gear 2 rotates relative to the reduction housing 1, the output shaft 3 is stationary and the reducer is in a friction state. It is restricted by the bearing 6 between the outer side of the large end of the internal gear 2 and the inner side of the corresponding part of the reduction housing 1, and by the rolling bearing inside the small end of the internal gear 2. When the internal gear 2 rotates relative to the reduction housing 1, the oscillation of the internal gear 2 around the rotation shaft 10 is less than 0.02mm.

[0041] When the internal gear 2 is stationary relative to the reduction housing 1, the internal gear 2 and the reduction housing 1 are tightly engaged through the bearing 6, so that the torque transmitted by the internal gear 2 is less than the torque set by the friction coupling, the internal gear 2 does not rotate, the output shaft 3 rotates, and the reducer is in normal transmission state.

[0042] When the internal gear 2 rotates relative to the reduction housing 1; when the torque transmitted by the internal gear 2 is greater than the set torque of the friction coupling, the internal gear 2 rotates, the reducer is in a friction state, causing the output shaft 3 to be jammed, and the output shaft 3 to remain stationary. Example 2

[0043] like Figure 4As shown, this utility model relates to a device that can improve the frictional stability of a ZD6 switch machine reducer. It is implemented in a ZD6 switch machine reducer with an existing integrated disc friction structure. Implementation structure 2 is the same as that in embodiment 1, except that a drum friction structure replaces the disc friction structure. Example 3

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, this utility model relates to a device that can improve the frictional stability of a ZD6 switch machine reducer. It is implemented in a ZD6 switch machine reducer with an integrated drum friction structure. The feature is that the bearing 6 is a bushing, and there is a circumferential groove in the hole in the reducer housing 1 that accommodates the internal gear 2. The bearing 6 is installed in the circumferential groove of the reducer housing 1. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1 and will not be described in detail. Example 4

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, this utility model relates to a device that can improve the frictional stability of a ZD6 switch machine reducer. It is implemented in a ZD6 switch machine reducer with an integrated disc friction structure. The feature is that the bearing 6 is a bush bearing, and there is a first circumferential groove 11 in the hole in the reduction housing 1 that accommodates the large end of the internal gear. The bearing 6 is installed in the first circumferential groove 11 of the reduction housing 1. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1 and will not be described in detail. Example 5

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, this utility model relates to a device that can improve the frictional stability of a ZD6 switch machine reducer. It is implemented in a ZD6 switch machine reducer with an integrated drum friction structure. Its feature is that the bearing 6 is a bushing, and there is a circumferential groove on the outer circumference of the large end of the internal gear 2. The bearing 6 is installed in the second circumferential groove 12 of the large end of the internal gear 2. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1 and will not be described in detail. Example 6

[0047] like Figure 8 As shown, this utility model relates to a device that can improve the frictional stability of a ZD6 switch machine reducer. It is implemented in the existing ZD6 switch machine reducer with an integrated disc friction structure. The further change is that the bearing 6 or the bushing has a second circumferential groove 12 on the outer circumference of the large end of the internal gear 2. The bushing is installed in the second circumferential groove 12 at the large end of the internal gear 2. The rest is the same as in embodiment 2, and will not be described in detail. Example 7

[0048] like Figure 9As shown, this utility model relates to a device that can improve the frictional stability of a ZD6 switch machine reducer. It is implemented in the existing ZD6 switch machine reducer with an integrated drum friction structure, and includes: a reduction housing 1, an internal gear 2, a bearing 6, and an output shaft 3. The bearing 6 is a rolling bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing 6 is tightly fitted and fixed to the hole in the reduction housing 1 that accommodates the large end of the internal gear. The inner ring of the bearing 6 is tightly fitted to the large end of the internal gear 2. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail. Example 8

[0049] like Figure 10 As shown, this utility model relates to a device that can improve the frictional stability of a ZD6 switch machine reducer. It is implemented in the existing ZD6 switch machine reducer with an integrated disc friction structure. Furthermore, the bearing 6 is a rolling bearing. The outer ring 13 of the rolling bearing is tightly fitted and fixed to the hole in the reducer housing 1 that accommodates the internal gear 2. The inner ring of the bearing 6 is tightly fitted to the large end of the internal gear 2. The rest is the same as in embodiment 2 and will not be described in detail.

[0050] This utility model fully considers the actual situation that the internal gear 2 has two working states in the integrated structure of the reducer and friction coupling, so it can fundamentally change the situation of unstable motor operating current when the friction state is reached.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present utility model. Any changes, substitutions or improvements made to the structure and features described in the claims of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An apparatus capable of improving the friction stability of a ZD6 switch machine reducer, comprising a reduction shell (1), an internal gear (2) and an output shaft (3), the internal gear (2) being a hollow stepped shaft structure, a large end inner hole of which is provided with a tooth for meshing and driving with an external gear (9) in the hole, and a small end inner hole of which is rotatably matched with the output shaft (3) through a first rolling bearing, characterized in that: A second bearing (6) is arranged between the outer side of the large end of the ring gear (2) and the inner side of the corresponding part of the reduction housing (1), so that the ring gear (2) forms a two-end support structure composed of the second bearing (6) and the first rolling bearing; ​ When the ring gear (2) is locked by the friction clutch and is stationary relative to the reduction housing (1), the output shaft (3) rotates, and the reducer is in a normal transmission state; When the ring gear (2) rotates relative to the reduction housing (1) by overcoming the friction force of the friction clutch, the output shaft (3) is stationary, and the reducer is in a friction state; In the friction state, the two-end support structure jointly limits the radial swing of the ring gear (2), and the swing of the ring gear (2) around the rotation axis (10) is less than 0.02 mm.

2. The device for improving the friction stability of the ZD6 switch machine reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second bearing (6) is a sliding bearing, which is fixed in the hole of the reduction housing (1) that accommodates the large end of the ring gear (2).

3. The device for improving the friction stability of the ZD6 switch machine reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second bearing (6) is a bearing bush, and the hole of the reduction housing (1) that accommodates the large end of the ring gear (2) is provided with a first circumferential groove (11), and the bearing bush is installed in the first circumferential groove (11).

4. The device for improving the friction stability of the ZD6 switch machine reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second bearing (6) is a bearing bush, and the outer periphery of the large end of the ring gear (2) is provided with a second circumferential groove (12), and the bearing bush is installed in the second circumferential groove (12).

5. The device for improving the friction stability of the ZD6 switch machine reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second bearing (6) is a rolling bearing, the outer ring (13) of which is tightly matched with and fixed in the hole of the reduction housing (1) that accommodates the large end of the ring gear (2), and the inner ring is tightly matched with the large end of the ring gear (2).

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