Anti-falling large-expansion-angle anchor head

Abstract

An anti-falling large-expansion-angle anchor head relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering anchoring support, and improves the connection stability of an expansion sheet and an anchor head column body by improving the structures of the expansion sheet and the anchor head column body and the matched structure of the expansion sheet and the anchor head column body, thereby improving the anchoring strength. Comprising an anchor head column body and expansion pieces arranged on the two sides of the anchor head column body, a threaded through hole is formed in one axial end of the anchor head column body, diagonal planes are arranged on the two sides of the anchor head column body, guide grooves are formed in the diagonal planes at the other end of the anchor head column body, the expansion pieces can slide along the guide grooves, limiting grooves are further formed in the diagonal planes, and the limiting grooves are communicated with the threaded through hole. A guide strip and a limiting protrusion are arranged at the end, located in the anchor head column body, of the expansion piece, and when the expansion piece slides at the set position of the anchor head column body, the limiting protrusion is clamped with the limiting groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering anchoring and support technology, specifically to an anchor head with a large expansion angle that prevents detachment. Background Technology

[0002] An expanding shell anchor is a support device widely used in geotechnical engineering such as tunnels, hydropower stations, and mines. It forms anchoring force by mechanically expanding within the borehole. The main structure of the expanding shell anchor includes the anchor body and the expanding shell wedge (expanding plate), which is installed on the anchor rod or anchoring device. By driving the expanding shell wedge to expand outward, it achieves anchoring through mechanical engagement and friction with the borehole rock wall.

[0003] The utility model application with application number CN202323111795.7 discloses an expansion shell anchor head, which solves the anchoring problem of large diameter, improves the overall strength of the anchor body, and is easy to ensure quality. The positioning of the top of the anchor head column is better, which is conducive to the initial expansion of the wedge-shaped expansion shell. In addition, the anchor head column is smoothly guided and runs smoothly, thus solving the problem of jamming in the initial operation of the wedge-shaped expansion shell.

[0004] However, when this patented product is actually applied in engineering projects, such as in the construction of high-speed railway tunnels, the geological conditions in the tunnels are quite complex, with some rock layers containing a lot of gravel (and being relatively soft). During anchoring, due to the loosening of the rock layers, the expansion piece may move relative to the anchor head column, affecting the anchoring strength. At the same time, due to the structural limitations of the anchor head, the larger the opening angle, the longer the stroke of the expansion piece, and the greater the risk of the expansion piece falling off, affecting its use. Utility Model Content

[0005] I. Technical problems to be solved

[0006] This invention addresses the poor applicability of existing technologies to soft rock by proposing a large-angle anchor head that prevents detachment. By improving the structure of the expansion plate and the anchor head column, as well as the structure of their cooperation, the connection stability between the expansion plate and the anchor head column is enhanced, thereby increasing the anchoring strength.

[0007] II. Specific Technical Solutions

[0008] An anti-detachment anchor head with a large expansion angle includes an anchor head column and expansion plates disposed on both sides of the anchor head column. The anchor head column has a hollow structure with a threaded through hole at one end along the axial direction and a closed structure at the other end. Beveled surfaces are provided on both sides of the anchor head column, and guide grooves are formed on these beveled surfaces. The guide grooves are located on the side opposite to the threaded through hole. The expansion plates slide along the guide grooves and engage with the beveled surfaces. A limiting groove is also provided on the beveled surfaces, close to the guide grooves. A guide strip and a limiting protrusion are provided on the inner surface of the expansion plates. The guide strip slides with the guide grooves. When the limiting protrusion extends into the limiting groove, the expansion plates stop sliding.

[0009] Implementation principle and working principle:

[0010] In this design, the anchor head column is used for installing the expansion joint. During the installation of the anchor head, the anchor head column with the expansion joint is first assembled onto the anchor rod. Then, the anchor rod is used to bring the anchor head column into the rock borehole. When it reaches the bottom of the rock borehole, the anchor rod is rotated, and the anchor rod screws into the threaded through hole, thereby pushing the expansion joint to slide along the guide groove. The beveled surface facilitates the installation of the expansion joint. When the rock strata are relatively soft, the expansion joint will be pushed by the anchor rod, causing the guide strip to slide in the guide groove. When it reaches the set position, the limiting protrusion engages with the guide groove, which can effectively prevent the expansion joint from slipping out or falling off, and can maintain the opening angle and fastening force, thereby improving the anchoring strength. At the same time, the cooperation between the limiting protrusion and the limiting groove can not only maintain the opening angle of the expansion joint, but also prevent the expansion joint from falling off.

[0011] Preferably, the beveled surface has a vertical cut at the end near the opening of the threaded through hole; when the expansion piece is not sliding, the edge of the expansion piece is in contact with the beveled surface and the vertical cut; the advantage of this preferred embodiment is that it makes the contact between the beveled surface and the expansion piece more precise.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting groove is located on the side of the inclined surface close to the vertical surface, and the limiting groove is connected to the guide groove. The advantage of this preferred option is that setting the limiting groove at this position can ensure that the expansion piece is in place at the correct opening angle on the anchor head column and has stability.

[0013] Preferably, the guide strip includes a vertical section and an inclined section, the vertical section corresponding to the vertical tangent and the inclined section corresponding to the oblique tangent.

[0014] Preferably, the guide strip is provided with a guide protrusion located on the side away from the expansion piece, with its two ends located on a vertical section and an inclined section, respectively. When the expansion piece is not sliding, the guide protrusion engages with the side of the guide groove near the vertical cut surface on one side of the inclined section. The width of the guide groove opening is smaller than the width of the groove or the bottom of the groove. The beneficial effect of this preferred embodiment is that, by setting the guide protrusion and the width of the guide groove, the expansion piece can be guided smoothly when it slides out, while also preventing the expansion piece from falling off from the side. At the same time, the installation position of the guide strip can play a limiting role when the expansion piece is in place, further ensuring the stability of the opening angle of the expansion piece, thereby ensuring the fastening effect.

[0015] Preferably, the limiting protrusion is perpendicular to the guide strip, and the two ends of the limiting protrusion are symmetrical about the center line of the guide strip. The limiting protrusion is located at the end of the guide strip away from the oblique surface. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that the position of the limiting protrusion can ensure that the opening angle of the expansion piece is in place when it cooperates with the limiting groove.

[0016] Preferably, the anchor head column is provided with a C-shaped spring coil, and the outer side of the expansion joint is provided with several limiting steps along the length direction; the C-shaped spring coil is locked on the limiting steps, and the C-shaped spring coil covers the anchor head column, and the C-shaped spring coil also includes two free ends; the beneficial effect of this preferred embodiment is that by setting the C-shaped spring coil, it is possible to further ensure that the expansion joint does not fall off during the transportation or installation of the anchor head, making the installation and transportation smoother. When the expansion joint opens, the force on the expansion joint can directly open the C-shaped spring coil without affecting the fastening of the anchor head.

[0017] Preferably, when the limiting protrusion and the limiting groove are engaged, the included angle formed by the expansion piece on the side near the threaded through hole is 50°-80°. The beneficial effect of this preferred option is that the engagement of the limiting protrusion and the limiting groove enables the opening angle of the expansion piece to reach 80° under short stroke conditions, and can maintain a large opening angle even in soft rock, thus maintaining stability.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1. In this solution, by setting the limiting groove and limiting protrusion, the expanding plate can be limited when the anchor head is installed or the opening angle of the expanding plate is in place, thereby ensuring the stability of the opening angle of the expanding plate and ensuring the fastening effect.

[0020] 2. The guide strip is set at the position where the beveled surface meets the vertical surface. This position forms a bending angle, which can limit the expansion piece. During transportation or assembly, it can prevent the expansion piece from shaking too much or slipping out, which would affect assembly and use.

[0021] 3. The C-shaped spring coil design further prevents the expansion plates from falling off during use or transportation, thus avoiding impact on efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-detachment anchor head with a large expansion angle according to this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the anchor head column according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view of the anchor head column according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a front view of the anchor head column according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the expansion piece in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] Anchor head column 1, threaded through hole 101, beveled surface 102, guide groove 103, limiting groove 104, vertical surface 105, expansion piece 2, guide strip 201, limiting protrusion 202, vertical section 203, inclined section 204, guide protrusion 205, limiting step 206, C-shaped spring ring 3. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The preferred embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of this utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby providing a clearer and more definite definition of the scope of protection of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0030] like Figures 1-5 As shown:

[0031] A type of anchor head with a large expansion angle that prevents detachment, such as Figure 1 This includes the anchor head column 1, with expansion plates 2 installed on both sides of the anchor head column 1, such as... Figures 2-4 The anchor head column 1 has a threaded through hole 101 along the top-to-bottom direction. The other end of the anchor head column 1 is a closed structure. Beveled surfaces 102 are provided on the left and right sides of the anchor head body 1. A guide groove 103 is integrally formed on the bottom of the beveled surface 102 at the bottom of the anchor head column 1. The expansion piece 2 can slide along the guide groove 103. A limiting groove 104 is provided at the upper part of the beveled surface 102. Figure 5The expansion piece 2 is integrally formed with a guide strip 201 and a limiting protrusion 202 inside the anchor head column 1. When the expansion piece 2 slides at the optimal opening angle of the anchor head column 1, the limiting protrusion 202 engages with the limiting groove 104.

[0032] Specifically, when the limiting protrusion 202 is engaged in the limiting groove 104, the included angle formed by the expansion piece 2 on the side near the threaded through hole 101 is 50°-80°. The cooperation between the limiting protrusion 202 and the limiting groove 104 enables the opening angle of the expansion piece to reach 50-80° under short stroke conditions. Even in soft rock, it can maintain a large opening angle and maintain stability, making the anchoring more stable.

[0033] like Figure 2 It should be noted that a beveled surface 102 is provided on the anchor head column 1 with a cavity structure, and the beveled surface 102 is connected to the cavity structure. This structure makes the notch width at the top of the anchor head column 1 on the beveled surface 102 smaller than the notch width at the bottom, thereby further achieving the limiting effect of the expansion piece 2.

[0034] In specific implementation, the anchor head column 1 is used for the installation of the expansion piece 2. During the specific installation of the anchor head, the anchor head column 1 and the expansion piece 2 are first assembled and then installed on the anchor rod. Then, the anchor rod is used to bring it into the rock hole. When it reaches the bottom of the rock hole, the anchor head column 1 abuts against the bottom of the rock hole. The anchor rod is rotated, and the anchor rod is screwed into the threaded through hole 101, which pushes the expansion piece 2 to slide along the guide groove 103, so that the expansion piece 2 opens and rubs against the rock wall. The beveled surface 102 facilitates the installation of the expansion piece 2. When the rock layer is relatively soft, the expansion piece 2 will be pushed by the anchor rod, causing the guide strip 201 to slide in the guide groove 103. When it reaches the set position, the limiting protrusion 202 and the guide groove 103 are engaged together, which can effectively prevent the expansion piece 2 from slipping out or falling off, and can maintain the opening angle and fastening force, thereby improving the anchoring strength.

[0035] When implementing, such as Figures 2-5 To ensure a more precise fit between the beveled surface 102 and the expansion piece 2, and to guarantee smooth sliding and anchoring of the expansion piece 2, the beveled surface 102 has a vertical cut surface 105 near the opening end (upper end) of the threaded through hole 101. When the expansion piece 2 is not sliding, the edge of the expansion piece 2 fits against the beveled surface 102 and the vertical cut surface 105. The limiting groove 104 is specifically located at the upper part of the beveled surface 102 and connects with the vertical cut surface 105. The limiting groove 104 also needs to connect with the guide groove 103, which can limit the opening angle of the expansion piece 2 while ensuring the length and guiding effect of the guide groove 103. To better fit the expansion piece 2 and the anchor head column 1, the guide strip 201 also includes a vertical section 203 and an inclined section 204, wherein the vertical section 203 corresponds to the vertical cut surface 105, and the inclined section 204 corresponds to the beveled surface 102.

[0036] In practice, to ensure the guiding effect and prevent the expansion piece from falling off, a guide protrusion 205 is provided on the guide strip 201. The guide protrusion 205 is located on the side away from the expansion piece 2, and the two ends of the guide protrusion 205 are respectively connected to the middle of the vertical section 203 and the inclined section 204. When the expansion piece 2 is not sliding, the guide protrusion 203 cooperates with the side of the guide groove 103 near the vertical cut surface 104 on one side of the inclined section 204, and the width of the groove opening of the guide groove 103 is smaller than the width of the groove or the bottom of the groove. Through the setting of the guide protrusion 205 and the width of the guide groove 103, the guidance can be smooth when the expansion piece 2 slides out, and the expansion piece 2 can also be prevented from falling off from the side. At the same time, the installation position of the guide strip 201 can play a limiting role when the expansion piece 2 is in place, further ensuring the stability of the opening angle of the expansion piece 2, thereby ensuring the fastening effect.

[0037] During implementation, the limiting protrusion 202 is perpendicular to the guide strip 201, and the two ends of the limiting protrusion 202 are symmetrical about the center line of the guide strip 201. The limiting protrusion 202 is located at the end of the guide strip 201 away from the oblique surface 102. The position of the limiting protrusion 202 can ensure that the expansion piece 2 opens to the correct position when it cooperates with the limiting groove 104. A C-shaped spring ring 3 is provided on the anchor head column 1, and several limiting steps 206 are provided on the outer side of the expansion piece 2 along the length direction. The C-shaped spring ring 3 is engaged with the limiting steps 206, and the C-shaped spring ring 3 covers the anchor head column 1. By setting the C-shaped spring ring 3, it is possible to further ensure that the expansion piece 2 does not fall off during the transportation or installation process of the anchor head, making the installation and transportation smoother. When the expansion piece 2 opens, the force on the expansion piece 2 can directly open the C-shaped spring ring 3 without affecting the fastening of the anchor head.

[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A type of anchor head with a large apex angle for preventing detachment, comprising an anchor head column (1) and expansion plates (2) disposed on both sides of the anchor head column (1), wherein the anchor head column (1) is a hollow structure, a threaded through hole (101) is provided at one end of the anchor head column (1) in the axial direction, and the other end is a closed structure, and a chamfered surface (102) is provided on both sides of the anchor head column (1), and a guide groove (103) is provided on the chamfered surface (102), the guide groove (103) being disposed on the side opposite to the threaded through hole (101), and the expansion plates (2) sliding along the guide groove (103) and engaging with the chamfered surface (102), characterized in that: A limiting groove (104) is also provided on the oblique surface (102), which is close to the guide groove (103). The inner surface of the expansion piece (2) is provided with a guide strip (201) and a limiting protrusion (202). The guide strip (201) slides in cooperation with the guide groove (103). When the limiting protrusion (202) extends into the limiting groove (104), the expansion piece (2) stops sliding.

2. The anti-detachment anchor head with a large expansion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oblique surface (102) has a vertical surface (105) near the opening end of the threaded through hole (101); when the expansion piece (2) is not sliding, the edge of the expansion piece (2) is in contact with the oblique surface (102) and the vertical surface (105).

3. The anti-detachment anchor head with a large expansion angle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting groove (104) is disposed on the side of the oblique surface (102) close to the vertical surface (105), and the limiting groove (104) is connected to the guide groove (103).

4. The anti-detachment anchor head with a large expansion angle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide bar (201) includes a vertical section (203) and an inclined section (204). The vertical section (203) corresponds to the vertical cut surface (105), and the inclined section (204) corresponds to the oblique cut surface (102).

5. The anti-detachment anchor head with a large expansion angle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide strip (201) is provided with a guide protrusion (205), which is located on the side away from the expansion piece (2), and the two ends of the guide protrusion (205) are located on the vertical section (203) and the inclined section (204) respectively. When the expansion piece (2) is not sliding, the guide protrusion (205) cooperates with the side of the guide groove (103) near the vertical cut surface (105) on the side of the inclined section (204). The groove opening width of the guide groove (103) is smaller than the groove inner or bottom width.

6. The anti-detachment anchor head with a large expansion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting protrusion (202) is perpendicular to the guide strip (201), and the two ends of the limiting protrusion (202) are symmetrical about the center line of the guide strip (201). The limiting protrusion (202) is located at the end of the guide strip (201) away from the oblique surface (102).

7. The anti-detachment anchor head with a large expansion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor head column (1) is provided with a C-shaped spring coil (3), and the outer side of the expansion plate (2) is provided with a plurality of limiting steps (206) along the length direction; the C-shaped spring coil (3) is engaged on the limiting steps (206), and the C-shaped spring coil (3) covers the anchor head column (1).

8. The anti-detachment anchor head with a large expansion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the limiting protrusion (202) and the limiting groove (104) are engaged, the included angle formed by the expansion piece (2) on the side near the threaded through hole (101) is 50°-80°.

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