Minimum quantity lubrication supply device and numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model provides a minimum quantity lubrication supply device and a numerical control machine tool. The minimum quantity lubrication supply device comprises a machine tool spindle with a containing groove in one end. The cutter is mounted on the machine tool spindle and internally provided with a particle supply channel; the conveying pipeline is installed in the machine tool spindle, the output end of the conveying pipeline is connected into the containing groove, and an inner-layer channel and an outer-layer channel which are not communicated with each other are arranged in the conveying pipeline; the gas inlet and the lubricating oil inlet are formed in the machine tool spindle and communicate with the outer-layer channel and the inner-layer channel through a gas conveying channel and an oil conveying channel correspondingly; the sealing bracket is arranged in the accommodating groove and is provided with a mixing cavity for connecting the inner-layer channel and the outer-layer channel; the premixing unit is arranged in the mixing cavity, a premixing cavity is formed in the premixing unit, one end of the premixing unit is provided with an oil gas inlet communicated with the premixing cavity, and the other end of the premixing unit is provided with a first filtering structure communicated with the premixing cavity; gas and lubricating oil are input into the premixing cavity through the gas conveying channel and the oil conveying channel to be premixed, and an oil-gas mixture forms aerial fog particles in the mixing cavity through the first filtering structure and is output out of the tool through the particle supply channel.

Description

A micro-lubrication supply device and a CNC machine tool Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machine tool lubrication technology, and in particular to a micro-lubrication supply device and a CNC machine tool using the same. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of industrial modernization, industrial pollution has also accompanied this development, and environmental issues in the process of industrial technology development have received increasing attention from countries around the world. For modern manufacturing, CNC machine tools are key automated equipment for precision machining of numerous mechanical parts.

[0003] However, current CNC machine tool processing requires the use of large amounts of cutting fluid (lubricant) to reduce the heat of the cutting tools and workpieces, ensuring the precision of the machined parts. The discarded cutting fluid becomes industrial wastewater, resulting in high purification costs, and improper treatment can have adverse effects on the ecological environment and human health.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies include Minimal Quantity Lubrication (MQL), also known as oil-air mixed lubrication. This technology mixes compressed gas (such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.) with a very small amount of lubricating oil and vaporizes it to form an oil mist containing micron-sized droplets. The oil mist particles are then transported through a pipeline system to a nozzle near the tool cutting area or moving parts. Finally, the nozzle sprays the oil mist particles at high speed onto the cutting area or moving parts to effectively cool and lubricate them.

[0005] This micro-lubrication technology, also known as minimum quantity lubrication cutting or semi-dry cutting in CNC machine tool cutting operations, uses the minimum amount of cutting fluid (lubricating oil) to achieve the best metal cutting effect. It achieves optimal lubrication conditions for the cutting surfaces of the CNC machine tool and the metal workpiece with extremely low lubricating oil dosage, thereby greatly reducing the discharge of waste cutting fluid and industrial wastewater during machining, achieving environmental protection effects.

[0006] However, micro-volume lubrication technology also has its drawbacks. In micro-volume lubrication, pre-mixed oil mist particles generated outside the machine tool spindle are transported through a pipeline system to the cutting edge of the tool and workpiece at the end of the spindle. Due to the long transmission path and the fact that vaporized oil mist particles are being transported, the power of the oil mist particles gradually weakens and is lost during the long-distance transmission. This results in excessive kinetic energy attenuation when the oil mist particles reach the surface of the workpiece cutting edge, affecting the lubrication and cooling effect of the oil mist particles on the cutting tool and workpiece. In addition, when changing tools on a CNC machine tool, the long transmission distance and low power transmission efficiency of the oil mist particles can lead to untimely lubrication and cooling of the cutting surface of the tool and workpiece, affecting the machining accuracy of the workpiece and the tool life. At the same time, existing micro-volume lubrication technology also suffers from problems such as the oil mist particles not being small enough and the oil mist particles being difficult to disperse evenly to cover the surface of the workpiece cutting edge, causing localized accumulation of lubricating oil droplets, resulting in insufficient and uneven lubrication and cooling of the workpiece cutting edge surface. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This utility model proposes a micro-lubrication supply device and a CNC machine tool to solve the technical problem in existing micro-lubrication technology that when premixed oil mist particles are transmitted to the cutting tool, the transmission distance is long and the power transmission efficiency of the oil mist particles is low, which affects the lubrication and cooling effect when the cutting tool is cutting the workpiece surface.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] This utility model provides a micro-lubrication supply device, comprising:

[0010] The machine tool spindle has a receiving groove at one end;

[0011] The cutting tool is installed at the end of the machine tool spindle and has a microparticle supply channel inside.

[0012] The conveying pipe is installed inside the machine tool spindle, and its output end is connected to the receiving groove. It has an inner layer channel and an outer layer channel that are not interconnected.

[0013] The gas inlet and lubricating oil inlet are located on the machine tool spindle and are connected to the outer channel and inner channel respectively through the gas delivery channel and the oil delivery channel;

[0014] A sealing bracket is provided in a receiving groove and has a mixing chamber connecting the inner layer channel and the outer layer channel;

[0015] The premixing unit is located in the mixing chamber, and the premixing chamber is formed inside the premixing unit. The premixing unit has an oil and gas inlet that connects to the premixing chamber at one end facing the delivery pipe, and a first filter structure that connects to the premixing chamber at the other end. External gas and lubricating oil are input into the premixing chamber through the gas delivery channel and the oil delivery channel, respectively, and premixed into an oil-gas mixture. The oil-gas mixture then passes through the first filter structure to form aerosol particles in the mixing chamber, and is output to the cutting tool through the particle supply channel.

[0016] Furthermore, the micro-lubrication supply device also includes:

[0017] The second filter structure is located in the mixing chamber and between the premixing unit and the cutter.

[0018] The oil-gas mixture passes through the first filter structure and the second filter structure in sequence to form aerosol particles in the mixing chamber.

[0019] Preferably, the first filter structure is a flat filter screen, and the second filter structure is an arc-shaped filter screen.

[0020] Preferably, the arc-shaped filter screen is a hemispherical thin-walled arc-shaped filter screen.

[0021] Preferably, the second filter pore of the arc-shaped filter screen is circular, and the pore diameter of the second filter pore is 0.3 μm.

[0022] Furthermore, the micro-lubrication supply device also includes:

[0023] The tool holder is installed at the end of the machine tool spindle, and the cutting tool is mounted on the tool holder.

[0024] Preferably, the receiving groove is frustum-shaped, and the diameter of the end of the receiving groove connected to the output end is smaller than the diameter of the other end connected to the end of the machine tool spindle; one end of the tool holder is provided with a connecting cone sleeve that matches the shape of the receiving groove, one end of the tool holder abuts against the end of the machine tool spindle, and the connecting cone sleeve abuts against the inner wall of the receiving groove.

[0025] Preferably, both the output end and the tail end of the tool extend into the receiving groove. The sealing bracket is a sealing sleeve, and a mixing chamber is formed inside the sealing sleeve. One end of the sealing sleeve is sealed and fitted onto the output end, and the other end of the sealing sleeve abuts against the tool holder and is sealed and fitted onto the tail end of the tool.

[0026] This utility model also provides a CNC machine tool, including an air supply device, an oil supply device and a spindle drive device, and also includes the above-mentioned micro-lubrication supply device. The other end of the machine tool spindle facing away from the receiving groove is provided with a rotary joint, and the rotary joint is connected to the spindle drive device.

[0027] The spindle drive unit is used to drive the machine tool spindle to rotate, and the air supply unit and oil supply unit are used to supply gas and lubricating oil to the gas inlet and lubricating oil inlet, respectively.

[0028] Preferably, the gas transmission device includes:

[0029] The gas source is connected to the gas inlet via a gas pipeline;

[0030] An air pump is used to compress air supplied by an air source and then deliver it to the gas inlet through an air pipeline.

[0031] Gas valve, located on the gas pipeline, is used to open and close the gas pipeline;

[0032] The oil transportation equipment includes:

[0033] The oil storage tank is connected to the lubricating oil inlet via an oil pipeline;

[0034] An oil pump is used to transport lubricating oil stored in an oil storage tank to the lubricating oil inlet via an oil pipeline.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model has a mixing chamber and a premixing unit located inside the machine tool spindle and near the tail end of the tool. Oil and gas are respectively input into the premixing unit through the inner and outer channels of the machine tool spindle and the double-layer conveying pipeline. In the premixing chamber, they are premixed into an oil-gas mixture and then pass through the first filter structure to form aerosol particles in the mixing chamber. At this time, the generated aerosol particles only need to pass through the particle supply channel inside the tool to reach the cutting point, which greatly shortens the transmission path of the aerosol particles and minimizes the power loss of the aerosol particles during transmission, improves the power transmission efficiency of the aerosol particles, and avoids excessive kinetic energy attenuation when the aerosol particles are transmitted to the surface of the workpiece cutting point due to long transmission distance and low power transmission efficiency. This ensures the lubrication and cooling effect of the aerosol particles on the workpiece cutting by the tool, so that the workpiece is always kept at a cooling temperature during the cutting process.

[0037] Meanwhile, when changing tools on a CNC machine tool, the micro-lubrication supply device greatly shortens the transmission distance of the aerosol particles and maximizes the power transmission efficiency of the aerosol particles, improving the dynamic response capability of the surface where the aerosol particles are supplied to the workpiece. This avoids the impact on workpiece machining accuracy and tool life due to untimely lubrication and cooling of the tool and workpiece cutting surfaces after tool replacement, and ensures the cutting efficiency of the CNC machine tool.

[0038] Furthermore, after the premixed oil-gas mixture flows through the straight filter screen to initially limit the range of droplet size distribution, the droplets then flow through the arc-shaped filter screen, which serves as the second filtration structure. As the droplets flow through the circular filter holes distributed on its arc-shaped surface, they are subjected to shearing and collision. In addition, the arc-shaped surface generates a non-uniform pressure distribution in the radial direction, which causes the oil-gas mixture droplets to migrate towards the low-pressure area. Under the filtering, guiding, and diverging effects of the arc-shaped filter screen, the ultrafine aerosol particles are broken up a second time, and the ultrafine aerosol particles are dispersed into a lubricating oil film that is uniformly applied between the cutting surfaces of the tool and the workpiece. This avoids local droplet accumulation and makes the lubrication and cooling of the workpiece cutting surface more sufficient and uniform. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution proposed by this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments and accompanying drawings described in the following detailed description are merely some embodiments of this utility model, and those skilled in the art can make changes to these drawings under the concept of this utility model.

[0040] Figure 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model;

[0041] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the micro-lubrication supply device in Figure 1 along the AA direction.

[0042] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first filter structure of an embodiment of the micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model.

[0043] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first filter structure of an embodiment of the micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model.

[0044] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second filter structure of an embodiment of the micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model.

[0045] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second filter structure of an embodiment of the micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model.

[0046] Figure 7 is a front view schematic diagram of the second filter structure of an embodiment of the micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model.

[0047] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of an embodiment of a CNC machine tool using the micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model.

[0048] The main markings in the attached figures are as follows:

[0049] 1. Machine tool spindle; 11. Receiving groove; 12. Internal cavity of the shaft; 13. Oil supply channel; 14. Rotary joint; 141. Gas inlet; 142. Lubricating oil inlet; 2. Tool; 21. Particle supply channel; 3. Tool holder; 31. Connecting tapered sleeve; 32. Annular step; 33. Mounting hole; 4. Delivery pipe; 41. Input end; 42. Output end; 43. Inner channel; 44. Outer channel; 5. Sealing bracket; 51. Mixing chamber; 52. Open end; 53. Closed end; 531. Through hole; 532. Annular flange; 6. Premixing unit; 61. Premixing chamber; 62. Oil and gas inlet; 63. First filter structure; 631. First filter hole; 7. Second filter structure; 71. Second filter hole; 8. Gas transmission device; 81. Gas source; 82. Gas transmission pipeline; 83. Gas valve; 9. Oil transmission device; 91. Oil storage tank; 92. Oil transmission pipeline; 93. Oil pump; 10. Central control device. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1-8. The micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model includes:

[0051] A machine tool spindle 1 has a receiving groove 11 at one axial end; a cutting tool 2 is installed at the end of the machine tool spindle 1 (i.e., the end of the machine tool spindle 1 with the receiving groove 11), and the cutting tool 2 has a particle supply channel 21 inside; a conveying pipe 4 is installed inside the machine tool spindle 1, the output end 42 of the conveying pipe 4 is connected to the receiving groove 11, and the input end 41 of the conveying pipe 4 relative to the output end 42 is located inside the machine tool spindle 1; the conveying pipe 4 has an inner layer channel 43 and an outer layer channel 44 that are not interconnected. Both the inner channel 43 and the outer channel 44 extend parallel to the axial direction of the conveying pipe 4 and pass through the input end 41 and the output end 42 of the conveying pipe 4, respectively. The gas inlet 141 and the lubricating oil inlet 142 are provided on the machine tool spindle 1. The gas inlet 141 is connected to one end of the outer channel 44 passing through the input end 41 through the gas supply channel (not shown in the figure) provided inside the machine tool spindle 1. The lubricating oil inlet 142 is connected to one end of the inner channel 43 passing through the input end 41 through the oil supply channel 13 provided inside the machine tool spindle 1.

[0052] A sealing bracket 5 is disposed in the receiving groove 11, and the sealing bracket 5 is provided with a mixing chamber 51 that connects the inner layer channel 43 and the outer layer channel 44 through the other end of the output end 42; a premixing unit 6 is disposed in the mixing chamber 51, and the interior of the premixing unit 6 forms a premixing chamber 61. One end of the premixing unit 6 facing the conveying pipe 4 is provided with an oil and gas inlet 62 that communicates with the premixing chamber 61, and the other end of the premixing unit 6 facing away from the conveying pipe 4 (facing the cutter 2) is provided with a first filter structure 63 that communicates with the premixing chamber 61.

[0053] External gas and lubricating oil, which are introduced into the machine tool spindle 1 from the gas inlet 141 and the lubricating oil inlet 142 respectively, are fed into the premixing chamber 61 through the gas supply channel and the oil supply channel 13 respectively. They are premixed into an oil-gas mixture in the premixing chamber 61. The oil-gas mixture is then filtered by the first filter structure 63 to form aerosol particles in the mixing chamber 51. The particles are then fed out to the cutting tool 2 through the particle supply channel 21.

[0054] Before entering the premixing chamber 61, the gas and lubricating oil flow through separate gas and oil delivery channels 13, so they do not come into contact and mix in advance. This ensures that the gas and lubricating oil efficiently transmit power and maintain high speed and high kinetic energy transmission before entering the premixing chamber 61. It also prevents most of the transmission path of the gas and lubricating oil in the machine tool spindle 1 from being in the form of aerosol particles. By shortening the transmission path of the aerosol particles, the kinetic energy loss caused by their transmission process is reduced.

[0055] Since the mixing chamber 51 and the premixing unit 6 are located inside the machine tool spindle 1 and close to the tail end of the tool 2, the oil and gas are respectively input into the premixing unit 6 through the inner and outer channels 44 of the double-layer conveying pipe 4 inside the machine tool spindle 1. After being premixed into an oil-gas mixture in the premixing chamber 61, they are then filtered by the first filter structure 63 to form aerosol particles in the mixing chamber 51. At this time, the generated aerosol particles only need to pass through the particle supply channel 21 inside the tool 2 to reach the cutting position, thereby greatly shortening the transmission path of the aerosol particles and minimizing the power loss of the aerosol particles during transmission, improving the power transmission efficiency of the aerosol particles, and avoiding excessive kinetic energy attenuation when the aerosol particles are transmitted to the surface of the workpiece cutting position due to the long transmission distance and low power transmission efficiency of the aerosol particles, thus ensuring the lubrication and cooling effect of the aerosol particles on the workpiece cutting by the tool 2.

[0056] Meanwhile, when changing tool 2 on the CNC machine tool, the transmission distance of the aerosol particles is greatly shortened and the power transmission efficiency of the aerosol particles is minimized, which improves the dynamic response capability of the surface where the aerosol particles are supplied to the workpiece. This avoids the impact on the workpiece machining accuracy and tool 2 life due to untimely lubrication and cooling of the tool 2 and the workpiece cutting surface after tool 2 is changed, and ensures the cutting efficiency.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1-2. In this embodiment, the machine tool spindle 1 has an internal cavity 12 that extends along its axial direction and matches the shape of the conveying pipe 4 (in a cylindrical shape) on its internal central axis. One end of the internal cavity 12 is connected to the receiving groove 11. The conveying pipe 4 is installed in the internal cavity 12 and is coaxially arranged with the machine tool spindle 1.

[0058] In this embodiment, the conveying pipe 4 is preferably a double-layer galvanized pipe.

[0059] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, and 5-7. In this embodiment, the micro-lubrication supply device further includes:

[0060] The second filter structure 7 is located in the mixing chamber 51 and between the premixing unit 6 and the cutter 2.

[0061] The oil-gas mixture formed by premixing in the premixing chamber 61 passes through the first filter structure 63 and the second filter structure 7 in sequence, and forms aerosol particles in the mixing chamber 51.

[0062] Please refer to Figures 1-7 together. As a preferred embodiment of this example, the first filter structure 63 is a flat filter screen, and the second filter structure 7 is an arc-shaped filter screen, with the convex side of the arc-shaped filter screen facing the cutter 2 and away from the conveying pipe 4.

[0063] Please refer to Figures 1-2. In this preferred embodiment, the output end 42 of the conveying pipe 4 and the tail end of the cutter 2 both extend into the receiving groove 11. The sealing bracket 5 is a sealing sleeve. The interior of the sealing sleeve forms the above-mentioned mixing cavity 51. One axial end of the sealing sleeve is sealed and fitted onto the output end 42, and the other axial end of the sealing sleeve abuts against the cutter shank 3 and is sealed and fitted onto the tail end of the cutter 2.

[0064] Please refer to Figures 1-2. In this embodiment, the micro-lubrication supply device further includes:

[0065] The tool holder 3 is installed at the end of the receiving groove 11 of the machine tool spindle 1 and is coaxial with the machine tool spindle 1. The tool 2 is installed on the tool holder 3 and is coaxial with the tool holder 3 and the machine tool spindle 1. When changing tools, it is removed from the end of the machine tool spindle 1 along with the tool holder 3.

[0066] Please refer to Figures 1-2. In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the receiving groove 11 is frustoconical in shape. The diameter of the end of the receiving groove 11 connected to the output end 42 is smaller than the diameter of the other end connected to the end of the machine tool spindle 1. One end of the tool holder 3 is provided with a connecting tapered sleeve 31 that matches the shape of the receiving groove 11. One end of the tool holder 3 abuts against the end of the machine tool spindle 1, and the connecting tapered sleeve 31 abuts against the inner wall of the receiving groove 11.

[0067] Please refer to Figures 1-2 together. As a preferred embodiment of this invention, one end of the tool holder 3 is provided with a connecting tapered sleeve 31 and an annular step 32 is provided inside the connecting tapered sleeve 31. The bottom surface of the annular step 32 is provided with a mounting hole 33 that extends along the axial direction of the tool holder 3 and matches the shape of the tool 2.

[0068] The sealing sleeve (sealing bracket 5) has a cylindrical mixing chamber 51 inside. One axial end of the sealing sleeve (sealing bracket 5) is an open end 52 that connects to the mixing chamber 51, and the inner diameter of the open end 52 matches the outer diameter of the output end 42 of the conveying pipe 4. The other axial end of the sealing sleeve (sealing bracket 5) is a closed end 53. The center of the closed end 53 has a through hole 531 that connects to the mixing chamber 51, and the periphery of the closed end 53 has an annular flange 532 that matches the shape of the annular step 32.

[0069] The premixing unit 6 is a cylindrical shape that matches the shape of the mixing chamber 51 and is closed at both ends. The premixing unit 6 has a cylindrical premixing chamber 61 inside. The closed wall of the premixing unit 6 facing the conveying pipe 4 has the oil and gas inlet 62 that matches the inner channel 43 and the outer channel 44. The closed wall of the premixing unit 6 facing away from the conveying pipe 4 (facing the cutter 2) has a plurality of straight first filter holes 631 evenly distributed on the closed wall of the premixing unit 6, so that the closed wall of the premixing unit 6 facing away from the conveying pipe 4 and its first filter holes 631 are integrally set as a straight filter screen (first filter structure 63) on the premixing unit 6.

[0070] Please refer to Figures 1-2 and 5-7 together. As a preferred embodiment of this example, the arc-shaped filter screen (second filter structure 7) is a hemispherical thin-walled arc-shaped filter screen, and the outer diameter of the arc-shaped filter screen (second filter structure 7) matches the inner diameter of the mixing chamber 51. Multiple arc-shaped second filter holes 71 matching its curvature are evenly distributed on the wall of the arc-shaped filter screen (second filter structure 7).

[0071] Please refer to Figures 1-2 and 5-7 together. As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the cross-sectional shape of the second filter hole 71 of the arc-shaped filter screen is circular, and the pore size of the second filter hole 71 is 0.3μm. Experiments have shown that using a pore size of 0.3μm for the second filter hole 71 of the arc-shaped filter screen allows for uniform distribution of aerosol particles on the workpiece, resulting in a more uniform lubricating oil film covering the cutting point, leading to better cooling and lubrication effects.

[0072] Please refer to Figures 1-2 and 5-7 together. As a preferred embodiment of this example, the arc-shaped filter screen (second filter structure 7) and the straight filter screen (first filter structure 63) are spaced apart in the mixing chamber 51. That is, a transition cavity (not shown in the figure) is formed between the arc-shaped filter screen (second filter structure 7) and the straight filter screen (first filter structure 63). A sealing ring (not shown in the figure) is embedded between the periphery of the arc-shaped filter screen (second filter structure 7) and the inner wall of the mixing chamber 51 to achieve a sealed connection.

[0073] Please refer to Figures 1-2. The assembly steps of the micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model are as follows:

[0074] S1: Insert the arc-shaped filter screen (second filter structure 7) and the straight filter screen (first filter structure 63) sequentially from the open end 52 into and seal them inside the mixing chamber 51 of the sealing sleeve (sealing bracket 5);

[0075] S2: Insert the cutting tool 2 into the mounting hole 33 of the tool holder 3, with the front end (machining end) of the cutting tool 2 extending out of the front of the tool holder 3 away from the receiving groove 11, and the tail end of the cutting tool 2 extending to the inner side of the annular step 32.

[0076] S3: The closed end 53 of the sealing sleeve (sealing bracket 5) is fitted to the tool holder 3 through the annular flange 532 and the annular step 32, and is sealed to the tail end of the tool 2 through the through hole 531 of the closed end 53.

[0077] S4: Place one end of the tool holder 3 against the end of the machine tool spindle 1, and the connecting tapered sleeve 31 against the inner wall of the receiving groove 11, and seal the open end 52 of the sealing sleeve (sealing bracket 5) to the output end 42 of the conveying pipe 4.

[0078] Please refer to Figures 1-2. The working principle of the micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0079] The micro-lubrication supply device provided by this utility model forms a series of components that flow sequentially through a gas inlet 141 and a lubricating oil inlet 142, a gas delivery channel and an oil delivery channel 13, an inner channel 43 and an outer channel 44 of a delivery pipe 4, an oil and gas inlet 62 of a premixing unit 6, a premixing chamber 61 and a flat filter screen (first filter structure 63), an arc-shaped filter screen (second filter structure 7), a sealing sleeve (sealing bracket 5) and a microparticle supply channel 21 for the cutting tool 2 and a microparticle supply channel 21 on the cutting tool surface of the cutting tool 2.

[0080] The oil and gas input from the outside are diverted and collected by the inner and outer channels 44 of the delivery pipe 4 to the premixing unit 6 at the tail end of the cutter 2. After premixing, the oil and gas mixture flows through the straight filter screen. The straight filter screen, as the first filtration structure, forces the oil and gas mixture to pass evenly through its straight first filter holes 631 to form droplets and initially limits the range of droplet size distribution.

[0081] Subsequently, the oil-gas mixture droplets flow through the arc-shaped filter screen, which serves as a second filtration structure. As the droplets pass through the circular second filter holes 71 with a pore size of 0.3 μm distributed on its arc-shaped surface, they are subjected to shearing and collision, resulting in thorough secondary breakage into ultrafine aerosol particles with a particle size of 0.3 μm. Simultaneously, the non-uniform pressure distribution generated radially by the arc-shaped surface of the filter screen promotes the migration of the oil-gas mixture droplets towards the low-pressure area and their dispersion into aerosol particles, preventing localized droplet accumulation and ensuring more thorough and uniform lubrication and cooling of the workpiece's cutting surface.

[0082] After secondary fine filtration and dispersion by the arc-shaped filter, the aerosol particles formed in the mixing chamber 51 at the tail end of the tool 2 are transported short-distance and quickly to the machining end of the tool 2 and supplied to the cutting surface of the workpiece through the particle supply channel 21 inside the tool 2. This avoids the gradual weakening and loss of the aerosol particles' power during long-distance transmission, ensuring the kinetic energy of the aerosol particles when they reach the cutting point, and achieving good lubrication and cooling effects for the tool 2 cutting the workpiece. In addition, when the CNC machine tool changes the tool 2, the significantly shortened transmission distance of the aerosol particles and the high power transmission efficiency ensure sufficient lubrication and timely cooling of the cutting surfaces of the tool 2 and the workpiece, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy of the workpiece and improving the tool 2's lifespan.

[0083] Please refer to Figures 1-2 and 8. This utility model also provides a CNC machine tool, including an air supply device 8, an oil supply device 9 and a spindle drive device (not shown in the figure), and also includes the above-mentioned micro-lubrication supply device. The other end of the machine tool spindle 1 facing away from the receiving groove 11 is provided with a rotary joint 14, which is connected to the spindle drive device.

[0084] The spindle drive is used to drive the machine tool spindle 1 to rotate, and the air supply device 8 and the oil supply device 9 are used to supply gas and lubricating oil to the gas inlet 141 and the lubricating oil inlet 142, respectively.

[0085] In this embodiment, the CNC machine tool is preferably a CNC machining center, including a machine tool body (not shown in the figure), a feed device (not shown in the figure), a tool post (not shown in the figure), an automatic tool changer (not shown in the figure), etc. The automatic tool changer is used to remove the tool 2 along with the tool holder 3 from the end of the machine tool spindle 1 during tool change and replace it with the required replacement tool 2, and then install the replaced tool 2 together with the tool holder 3 at the end of the machine tool spindle 1.

[0086] Please refer to Figures 1-2. In this embodiment, the other end of the machine tool spindle 1 facing away from the receiving groove 11 is provided with a rotary joint 14 that is coaxial with the machine tool spindle 1 and has an outer diameter smaller than the machine tool spindle 1. The end of the shaft cavity 12 facing away from the receiving groove 11 extends to the connection point between the rotary joint 14 and the machine tool spindle 1. The gas inlet 141 is provided on the side of the rotary joint 14. The gas delivery channel is provided inside the rotary joint 14 and connects the gas inlet 141 and the outer channel 44 through one end of the input end 41. The lubricating oil inlet 142 is provided at the end of the rotary joint 14 away from the machine tool spindle 1. The oil delivery channel 13 is provided inside the rotary joint 14 and connects the lubricating oil inlet 142 and the inner channel 43 through one end of the input end 41. The oil delivery channel 13 is coaxial with the delivery pipe 4.

[0087] Please refer to Figures 1-2 and 8 together. In this embodiment, the gas delivery device 8 includes:

[0088] The gas source 81 is connected to the gas inlet 141 through the gas pipeline 82; the air pump (not shown in the figure) is used to compress the air provided by the gas source 81 into compressed air and deliver the compressed air to the gas inlet 141 through the gas pipeline 82; the air valve 83 is provided on the gas pipeline 82 and is used to open and close the gas pipeline 82.

[0089] Oil transfer unit 9 includes:

[0090] The oil storage tank 91 is connected to the lubricating oil inlet 142 via the oil pipeline 92; the oil pump 93 is used to transport the lubricating oil stored in the oil storage tank 91 to the lubricating oil inlet 142 via the oil pipeline 92.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the air valve 83 is a pneumatic solenoid valve.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 8. In this embodiment, the CNC machine tool also includes a central control device 10, which is used to control the air supply device 8, the oil supply device 9 and the spindle drive device.

[0093] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the parameters (concentration) of the aerosol particles can be adjusted by the central control device 10 of the CNC machine tool system to specifically adjust the dosage of lubricating oil and gas according to the processing requirements of the CNC machine tool.

[0094] As a preferred embodiment, the compressed air generated by the air pump has a pressure of 5-10 bar and a gas temperature of 15-50°C. The optimal working temperature range for the gas is 20-40°C. If the gas temperature is too high, it can easily lead to atomization failure and accelerate the evaporation of lubricant (lubricating oil), resulting in uneven particle size of the aerosol particles and reducing the uniformity of the lubricating film on the workpiece surface. If the gas temperature is too low, it may cause the lubricating oil to condense, causing the condensed lubricating oil to block the particle supply channel 21 of the tool 2, affecting the machining efficiency and machining accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0095] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A micro-lubrication supply device, characterized in that, include: A machine tool spindle (1) has a receiving groove (11) at one end; a cutting tool (2) is installed at the end of the machine tool spindle (1) and has a particle supply channel (21) inside; a conveying pipe (4) is installed inside the machine tool spindle (1) and its output end (42) is connected to the receiving groove (11), and has an inner layer channel (43) and an outer layer channel (44) that are not connected to each other; a gas inlet (141) and a lubricating oil inlet (142) are provided on the machine tool spindle (1) and are connected to the outer layer channel (44) and the inner layer channel (43) respectively through a gas supply channel and an oil supply channel (13); a sealing bracket (5) is provided in the receiving groove (11) and has a connection to the inner layer channel (44). 3) and the mixing chamber (51) of the outer channel (44); a premixing unit (6) is provided in the mixing chamber (51), and a premixing chamber (61) is formed inside it. The premixing unit (6) is provided with an oil and gas inlet (62) that connects to the premixing chamber (61) at one end facing the conveying pipe (4), and a first filter structure (63) that connects to the premixing chamber (61) is provided at the other end of the premixing unit (6); external gas and lubricating oil are respectively input into the premixing chamber (61) through the gas conveying channel and the oil conveying channel (13) and premixed into an oil and gas mixture. The oil and gas mixture is then filtered by the first filter structure (63) to form aerosol particles in the mixing chamber (51), and the cutting tool (2) is output through the particle supply channel (21).

2. The micro-lubrication supply device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second filter structure (7) is disposed in the mixing chamber (51) and located between the premixing unit (6) and the cutter (2); the oil-gas mixture passes through the first filter structure (63) and the second filter structure (7) in sequence to form the aerosol particles in the mixing chamber (51).

3. The micro-lubrication supply device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first filter structure (63) is a flat filter screen, and the second filter structure (7) is an arc-shaped filter screen.

4. The micro-lubrication supply device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The arc-shaped filter screen is a hemispherical, thin-walled arc-shaped filter screen.

5. The micro-lubrication supply device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second filter hole (71) of the arc-shaped filter screen is circular in shape, and the pore size of the second filter hole (71) is 0.3 μm.

6. The micro-lubrication supply device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Also includes: The tool holder (3) is installed at the end of the machine tool spindle (1), and the cutting tool (2) is installed on the tool holder (3).

7. The micro-lubrication supply device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The receiving groove (11) is frustum shaped. The diameter of the end of the receiving groove (11) connected to the output end (42) is smaller than the diameter of the other end connected to the end of the machine tool spindle (1). One end of the tool holder (3) is provided with a connecting tapered sleeve (31) that matches the shape of the receiving groove (11). One end of the tool holder (3) abuts against the end of the machine tool spindle (1), and the connecting tapered sleeve (31) abuts against the inner wall of the receiving groove (11).

8. The micro-lubrication supply device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The output end (42) and the tail end of the cutting tool (2) both extend into the receiving groove (11). The sealing bracket (5) is a sealing sleeve. The mixing chamber (51) is formed inside the sealing sleeve. One end of the sealing sleeve is sealed and fitted onto the output end (42), and the other end of the sealing sleeve abuts against the tool holder (3) and is sealed and fitted onto the tail end of the cutting tool (2).

9. A CNC machine tool, comprising an air supply device (8), an oil supply device (9), and a spindle drive device, characterized in that, It also includes a micro-lubrication supply device as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the other end of the machine tool spindle (1) facing away from the receiving groove (11) is provided with a rotary joint (14), the rotary joint (14) being connected to the spindle drive device; the spindle drive device is used to drive the machine tool spindle (1) to rotate, and the gas supply device (8) and the oil supply device (9) are used to supply gas and lubricating oil to the gas inlet (141) and the lubricating oil inlet (142), respectively.

10. The CNC machine tool as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The gas delivery device (8) includes: a gas source (81) connected to the gas inlet (141) via a gas delivery pipeline (82); an air pump for compressing the air provided by the gas source (81) and delivering it to the gas inlet (141) via the gas delivery pipeline (82); and an air valve (83) provided on the gas delivery pipeline (82) for opening and closing the gas delivery pipeline (82). The oil delivery device (9) includes: an oil storage tank (91) connected to the lubricating oil inlet (142) via an oil delivery pipeline (92); and an oil pump (93) for delivering the lubricating oil stored in the oil storage tank (91) to the lubricating oil inlet (142) via the oil delivery pipeline (92).

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