Dry distillation carbonization furnace

Abstract

According to the dry distillation carbonization furnace provided by the utility model, the carbonization furnace body adopts a heating cavity structure between the inner container and the shell, and is combined with the combustion chamber and the spiral ceramic heat conductor, so that uniform distribution and efficient conduction of heat are realized, and the problem of local overheating or insufficient heating in traditional equipment is avoided; the stirring shaft is matched with the stirring rod, so that material caking is effectively broken, and sufficient carbonization reaction is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the feeding bin and the discharging port achieve continuous sealed conveying through the spiral conveyor and the gate valve, heat loss is reduced, and the pressure in the furnace is kept stable. The combustion chamber gas nozzle is connected with the top gas collecting hood through a Venturi structure, combustible gas generated in the carbonization process can be recycled, an energy self-circulation system is formed, and energy consumption is remarkably reduced. Through the improvement, the device has the characteristics of high heating uniformity, excellent energy utilization rate, good operation automation degree and the like, and can meet the requirement of large-scale continuous production.

Description

A dry distillation carbonization furnace Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomass processing technology, and in particular to a dry distillation carbonization furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Dry distillation carbonization technology is a process that uses high-temperature pyrolysis of biomass or carbon-containing raw materials under oxygen-deficient conditions to produce char, fuel gas, and by-products. It is widely used in activated carbon preparation, biomass energy conversion, and other fields. Traditional carbonization furnaces typically employ a single-layer furnace structure, providing heat through direct combustion of fuel (such as coal or gas) at the bottom. The material inside the furnace undergoes carbonization by naturally settling down due to gravity.

[0003] In existing technologies, the structural design of such carbonization furnaces generally suffers from the following problems:

[0004] Firstly, the heating method is singular and has low thermal efficiency. The combustion chamber directly heats the bottom of the furnace, resulting in uneven temperature distribution inside the furnace, insufficient heating of the upper material, long carbonization cycle, and large fluctuations in product quality.

[0005] Secondly, the furnace body has poor sealing, and combustible gases (such as methane and carbon monoxide) produced during the carbonization process are easily released, which not only wastes energy but also poses safety hazards.

[0006] Third, the feeding and discharging systems lack continuity and automated control, requiring frequent valve opening and closing, which leads to pressure fluctuations inside the furnace and affects the stability of the carbonization process.

[0007] While existing technologies incorporate multi-layer heating structures, they fail to address issues such as fuel gas recovery and material agitation, resulting in drawbacks like localized coking and low heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, the lack of a design for recycling the heat transfer medium hinders efficient heat transfer, further limiting improvements in carbonization efficiency.

[0008] Therefore, optimizing the heating uniformity of the carbonization furnace, improving the gas recovery and utilization rate, and improving the continuity and sealing of material conveying have become urgent technical problems to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dry distillation carbonization furnace to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:

[0011] This utility model provides a dry distillation carbonization furnace, comprising:

[0012] The carbonization furnace body has a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom.

[0013] A feeding hopper is located above the carbonization furnace body and is connected to the feeding port;

[0014] A storage bin is located below the carbonization furnace body and is connected to the discharge port;

[0015] A combustion chamber is located at the bottom of the carbonization furnace body.

[0016] Preferably, the carbonization furnace body includes an inner liner and an outer shell, and a heating cavity is provided between the inner liner and the outer shell, the heating cavity being in communication with the combustion chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the heating cavity and the combustion chamber are provided with ceramic heat conductors.

[0018] Preferably, the carbonization furnace body is provided with an agitator shaft, the agitator shaft is provided with an agitator rod on its side, and the agitator shaft is connected to a drive motor for transmission.

[0019] Preferably, the feed hopper is connected to the screw conveyor.

[0020] Preferably, gate valves are provided between the feed hopper and the feed inlet, and between the discharge outlet and the storage hopper.

[0021] Preferably, the combustion chamber is provided with a gas nozzle, which is connected to a gas pipeline.

[0022] Preferably, the top of the carbonization furnace body is provided with a gas collecting hood, and the gas collecting hood is connected to the gas pipeline via a venturi.

[0023] The present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0024] This utility model provides a dry distillation carbonization furnace. The furnace body adopts a heating chamber structure between the inner liner and the outer shell, combined with a combustion chamber and a spiral ceramic heat conductor, to achieve uniform heat distribution and efficient heat conduction, avoiding the problems of local overheating or insufficient heating in traditional equipment. The coordinated design of the stirring shaft and stirring rod effectively breaks up material agglomeration, ensuring the carbonization reaction proceeds fully. Simultaneously, the feed hopper and discharge port achieve continuous sealed conveying through a spiral conveyor and gate valve, reducing heat loss and maintaining stable pressure inside the furnace. The combustion chamber gas nozzle and the top gas collection hood are connected by a venturi structure, allowing the recovery and reuse of combustible gases generated during the carbonization process, forming an energy self-circulation system and significantly reducing energy consumption. These improvements enable this device to possess characteristics such as high heating uniformity, excellent energy utilization, and a high degree of automation, making it suitable for large-scale continuous production needs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dry distillation carbonization furnace provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dry distillation carbonization furnace to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] This embodiment provides a dry distillation carbonization furnace, as shown in Figure 1, including:

[0032] The carbonization furnace body 1 has a feed inlet 2 at the top and a discharge outlet 3 at the bottom. As the main carbonization component, it carbonizes biomass raw materials by heating to generate biochar.

[0033] Feed hopper 4 is located above the carbonization furnace body 1 and is connected to the feed inlet 2; it is used for storing raw materials.

[0034] Storage bin 5 is located below the carbonization furnace body 1 and is connected to the discharge port 3; it is used for storing biochar.

[0035] Combustion chamber 6 is located at the bottom of carbonization furnace body 1 and is used to provide heat for carbonization.

[0036] In one embodiment, the carbonization furnace body 1 includes an inner liner 11 and an outer shell 12. A heating cavity 13 is provided between the inner liner 11 and the outer shell 12. The heating cavity 13 is connected to the combustion chamber 6. Both the inner liner 11 and the outer shell 12 are made of high-temperature resistant materials, and the outer shell 12 must have a heat insulation layer on its exterior.

[0037] In one embodiment, a ceramic heat conductor 14 is provided in the heating cavity 13 and the combustion chamber 6. The ceramic heat conductor 14 can be spirally arranged to ensure that the carbonization furnace body 1 can be heated evenly.

[0038] In one embodiment, the carbonization furnace body 1 is provided with a stirring shaft 15, and a stirring rod 16 is provided on the side of the stirring shaft 15. The outside of the stirring shaft 15 is connected to the drive motor 17 for transmission, which can stir the internal raw materials, thereby improving the carbonization effect.

[0039] In one implementation, the feed hopper 4 is connected to the screw conveyor 7 to facilitate the lifting of raw materials.

[0040] As one implementation method, gate valves are provided between the feed hopper 4 and the feed inlet 2, and between the discharge outlet 3 and the storage hopper 5, to facilitate the control of material entry and exit.

[0041] As one implementation method, a gas nozzle 61 is provided in the combustion chamber 6, and the gas nozzle 61 is connected to the gas pipeline 62, using gas as fuel, which makes implementation more convenient.

[0042] In one embodiment, a gas collecting hood 63 is provided on the top of the carbonization furnace body 1. The gas collecting hood 63 is connected to the gas pipeline 62 through a venturi 64, which can utilize the cracked gas generated by carbonization as fuel, thereby achieving the effect of energy saving.

[0043] This utility model provides a dry distillation carbonization furnace. The furnace body adopts a heating chamber structure between the inner liner and the outer shell, combined with a combustion chamber and a spiral ceramic heat conductor, to achieve uniform heat distribution and efficient heat conduction, avoiding the problems of local overheating or insufficient heating in traditional equipment. The coordinated design of the stirring shaft and stirring rod effectively breaks up material agglomeration, ensuring the carbonization reaction proceeds fully. Simultaneously, the feed hopper and discharge port achieve continuous sealed conveying through a spiral conveyor and gate valve, reducing heat loss and maintaining stable pressure inside the furnace. The combustion chamber gas nozzle and the top gas collection hood are connected by a venturi structure, allowing the recovery and reuse of combustible gases generated during the carbonization process, forming an energy self-circulation system and significantly reducing energy consumption. These improvements enable this device to possess characteristics such as high heating uniformity, excellent energy utilization, and a high degree of automation, making it suitable for large-scale continuous production needs.

[0044] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dry distillation carbonization furnace, characterized in that: include: The carbonization furnace body has a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom; a feed hopper is located above the carbonization furnace body and communicates with the feed inlet; a storage hopper is located below the carbonization furnace body and communicates with the discharge outlet; and a combustion chamber is located at the bottom of the carbonization furnace body.

2. The dry distillation carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonization furnace body includes an inner liner and an outer shell, and a heating cavity is provided between the inner liner and the outer shell, which is connected to the combustion chamber.

3. The dry distillation carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating cavity and the combustion chamber are equipped with ceramic heat conductors.

4. The dry distillation carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonization furnace body is provided with a stirring shaft, and the stirring shaft is provided with a stirring rod on its side. The outside of the stirring shaft is connected to a drive motor.

5. The dry distillation carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed hopper is connected to the screw conveyor.

6. The dry distillation carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Gate valves are provided between the feed hopper and the feed inlet, and between the discharge outlet and the storage hopper.

7. The dry distillation carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber is equipped with a gas nozzle, which is connected to a gas pipeline.

8. The dry distillation carbonization furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the carbonization furnace body is equipped with a gas collection hood, which is connected to the gas pipeline via a venturi.

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