Automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance of flue of aluminum electrolysis cell
Through a fully automated electronically controlled valve system and a multi-functional flue gas analyzer, high-precision negative pressure regulation of the sub-flues in the aluminum electrolysis cell flue system was achieved, solving the problem of uneven negative pressure, improving production stability and energy efficiency, and extending valve life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HENAN DONGDA METALLURGICAL TECH SERVICE CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
In existing aluminum electrolysis cell flue systems, the negative pressure adjustment of the flue relies on manual experience, which has low precision and leads to uneven negative pressure, affecting production stability and energy consumption. In addition, the traditional butterfly valve adjustment is coarse and it is difficult to achieve efficient air pressure balance.
The system adopts a fully automated electronically controlled valve system. It uses a multi-functional flue gas analyzer to detect gas pressure, temperature and flow rate. Combined with a centralized control box and wireless communication module, it can achieve high-precision adjustment of the electronically controlled valve. By using the meshing transmission between the rotating sector valve plate and the fixed sector plate, it can achieve linear opening adjustment and ensure the negative pressure balance of the flue.
It achieves high-precision negative pressure regulation of each electrolytic cell's flue gas duct, reducing the problems of material accumulation in the pipeline and poor purification effect, improving production stability and energy efficiency, extending valve life, and reducing the need for manual intervention.
Smart Images
Figure CN224186292U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Automatic Adjustment and Control System for Negative Pressure Balance in Aluminum Electrolytic Cell Flue Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to an automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in aluminum electrolysis cell flue. Background Technology
[0002] During aluminum electrolysis production, the electrolytic cells generate a large amount of fluorine-containing flue gas, which needs to be collected and treated through a flue gas system. The negative pressure of the flue gas system is a key parameter to ensure the efficiency of flue gas collection. If the negative pressure is too low, the flue gas will escape and pollute the environment; if the negative pressure is too high, it will increase energy consumption and may even affect the normal operation of the electrolytic cells.
[0003] Currently, the aluminum electrolysis cell flue system mainly consists of a main flue, branch flues, and a gas collection hood. Each aluminum electrolysis cell collects gas through the gas collection hood and then merges into the main flue via a branch flue. To ensure consistent negative pressure in each branch flue, negative pressure adjustment in the aluminum electrolysis cell flues primarily relies on manual measurement and adjustment for each cell. However, the branch flues currently rely on traditional butterfly valves for adjustment, which are very coarse and have low precision. Furthermore, the experience-based adjustments by the operators make it difficult to guarantee accuracy, further increasing the difficulty of achieving balanced pressure. This results in significant negative pressure imbalances between cells during production, causing material accumulation in the pipes, affecting cell conditions, and impacting purification efficiency. With hundreds of electrolysis cells operating in each series, and non-fixed cells undergoing opening operations daily, the resistance of the exhaust pipes changes drastically, affecting not only the exhaust efficiency of the cell itself but also the stability of exhaust from other cells. Therefore, finding a convenient, quick, and low-cost method to achieve balanced negative pressure in the branch flues corresponding to each aluminum electrolysis cell is of great significance. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue of aluminum electrolysis cells. By automatically adjusting the valve opening with full automation and high precision, it saves manpower, achieves high adjustment accuracy, and makes the pressure of the flue of each electrolysis cell balanced, significantly reducing the probability of problems such as material accumulation in the pipes, affecting the cell condition, and affecting the purification effect.
[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of aluminum electrolysis cell includes:
[0006] Main flue;
[0007] An electrolysis unit includes multiple aluminum electrolysis cells, each connected to the main flue via a branch flue. Electrically controlled valves are correspondingly installed on the branch flues, each including a valve body, transmission mechanism, geared motor, and its controller. The valve body has a circular channel with a fixed sector plate at the center, forming a sector-shaped airflow channel with the circular channel. A rotating sector valve plate is rotatably mounted on the fixed sector plate, its rotation center coinciding with the center of the circular channel. Rotating the sector valve plate changes the opening of the sector-shaped airflow channel. The outer periphery of the rotating sector valve plate has arc-shaped teeth. The transmission mechanism includes a drive gear driven by a geared motor, which meshes with the arc-shaped teeth to rotate the rotating sector valve plate. The surfaces of the rotating sector valve plate and the fixed sector plate are sealed together.
[0008] The multi-functional flue gas analyzer is installed one by one on the flue gas duct and located between the electronic control valve and the aluminum electrolysis cell. It is used to detect the gas pressure, temperature and flow rate in the flue gas duct.
[0009] The control system also includes:
[0010] The centralized control box is connected to the motor controller and multi-functional flue gas analyzer of each electrolysis unit via a wireless communication module. This allows for precise adjustment of the opening degree of the electronically controlled valves of each electrolysis unit by controlling the corresponding geared motors based on feedback from the multi-functional flue gas analyzer.
[0011] Based on the above scheme, the following improvements are made: the rotating sector valve plate includes two sector valve plates symmetrically arranged about the rotation center.
[0012] Based on the above scheme, the following improvements are made: the angles of the two sector valve plates are both 90°.
[0013] Based on the above scheme, the following improvements are made: the fixed sector plate includes two sector plates symmetrically arranged about the rotation center, and the angles of the two sector plates are both 90°.
[0014] Based on the above scheme, the following improvements are made: the maximum outer diameter of the rotating sector valve plate is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the fixed sector plate.
[0015] Based on the above scheme, the following improvements are made: the probe of the multi-functional flue gas analyzer is inserted inside the flue gas distribution duct.
[0016] Based on the above scheme, the following improvements are made: an arc-shaped groove is provided in the valve body corresponding to the rotating sector valve plate, and the two sides of the rotating sector valve plate are in a sealing sliding fit with the side wall of the arc-shaped groove.
[0017] The geared motor is equipped with a coupling and an encoder. The encoder detects the rotation angle of the geared motor, and the encoder data can be fed back to the central control box through a wireless communication module.
[0018] Based on the above solution, the following improvement is made: the geared motor is a stepper motor.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: In use, the multi-functional flue gas analyzer of each electrolysis unit can transmit the detected gas pressure, temperature, and flow rate data in the corresponding sub-flue to the centralized control box via a wireless communication module. The centralized control box then analyzes and processes the data, generating corresponding control commands which are sent to the motor controllers of each electrolysis unit via the wireless communication module. Each motor controller then controls the rotation angle of its corresponding geared motor. The geared motor, through the meshing of its drive gear with the arc-shaped teeth of the rotating sector valve plate, drives the rotating sector valve plate to rotate around the center of the circular channel, thereby changing the angle of the rotating sector valve plate. This changes the overlap between the rotating sector valve plate and the sector-shaped airflow channel, thus altering the opening size of the sector-shaped airflow channel. Furthermore, because the sector shape changes during the overlap process... The area of the fan-shaped airflow channel is linearly adjusted because when the rotation of the geared motor is linear, the opening of the fan-shaped airflow channel also changes linearly. This is because each degree of rotation changes the area of the fan-shaped channel corresponding to that degree, and the area of the fan-shaped channel corresponding to each degree is the same. In other words, linear and stable adjustment of the opening can be achieved. Furthermore, due to the meshing transmission of the active gear and the arc-shaped teeth, the transmission accuracy is relatively high, which is more conducive to achieving high-precision adjustment of the opening, i.e., high-precision adjustment of the flow rate of the electrically controlled valve. This ensures the balanced and stable negative pressure of the entire electrolysis flue system. Compared with traditional butterfly valves, it also has the following advantages: First, relying on the sealing between the rotating fan-shaped valve plate and the fixed fan-shaped plate surface, it is less prone to sealing failure and has a longer service life; second, the valve opening is linear, which is conducive to precise flow control; third, it is less prone to forming eddies; and fourth, the valve plate is always directly facing the airflow, making it less susceptible to damage from airflow vibration or impact. Therefore, the technical solution of this application has advantages such as high automation, automatic adjustment of the negative pressure of each electrolytic cell, time and labor saving, high pressure adjustment accuracy, and resistance to damage. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance of aluminum electrolysis cell flue gas of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 is a magnified view of part A in Figure 1;
[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electronic control system framework;
[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the state when the fan-shaped airflow channel of the electronically controlled valve is closed;
[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the state of the fan-shaped airflow channel of the electronically controlled valve during the process of opening at a small angle;
[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the state of the fan-shaped airflow channel of the electronically controlled valve during the process of opening at a large angle;
[0026] In the diagram: 1-Main flue, 2-Electrolysis unit, 21-Aluminum electrolysis cell, 22-Branch flue, 23-Electrically controlled valve, 231-Geared motor, 232-Motor controller, 233-Fixed sector plate, 234-Rotating sector valve plate, 2341-Arc-shaped gear, 235-Drive gear, 236-Sector-shaped airflow channel, 24-Multifunctional flue gas analyzer, 3-Central control box. Detailed Implementation
[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model; that is, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0030] The features and performance of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0031] An embodiment of the automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue of the aluminum electrolysis cell of this utility model is shown in Figure 1. The control system includes multiple electrolysis units, for example, 60 units, each with an identical structure. The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue of the aluminum electrolysis cell 21 includes a main flue 1, electrolysis units 2, and a centralized control box 3.
[0032] As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the electrolysis unit 2 includes multiple aluminum electrolysis cells 21, each of which is connected to the main flue 1 via a branch flue 22. Electrically controlled valves 23 are correspondingly installed on the branch flues 22, each including a valve body, a transmission mechanism, a reduction motor 231, and its motor controller 232. The valve body has a circular channel, and a fixed sector plate 233 is located at the circular channel. The fixed sector plate 233 and the circular channel form a sector-shaped airflow channel 236. A rotating sector valve plate 234 is rotatably mounted on the fixed sector plate 233, and the rotation center of the rotating sector valve plate 234 is aligned with the circular channel. The rotating sector valve plate 234, with its center aligned, changes the opening of the sector airflow channel 236 during rotation. The outer periphery of the rotating sector valve plate 234 is provided with arc-shaped teeth 2341. The transmission mechanism includes a drive gear 235 driven by a reduction motor 231. The drive gear 235 meshes with the arc-shaped teeth 2341 to drive the rotating sector valve plate 234 to rotate. The rotating sector valve plate 234 and the fixed sector plate 233 are in sealed contact. The rotating sector valve plate 234 comprises two symmetrically arranged sector valve plates about the center of rotation, with each sector valve plate corresponding to a 90° angle. The fixed sector plate 233 also comprises two symmetrically arranged sector plates about the center of rotation, with each sector plate corresponding to a 90° angle. The maximum outer diameter of the rotating sector valve plate 234 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the fixed sector plate 233. An arc-shaped groove is provided within the valve body corresponding to the rotating sector valve plate 234, and the two sides of the rotating sector valve plate 234 are in a sealing sliding fit with the sidewalls of the arc-shaped groove. In this embodiment, the geared motor 231 is equipped with a coupling and an encoder. The encoder detects the rotation angle of the geared motor 231, and the encoder data can be fed back to the central control box 3 via a wireless communication module. In other embodiments, the geared motor 231 is a stepper motor.
[0033] The multi-functional flue gas analyzer 24 is installed one-to-one on the branch flue 22 and is located between the electric control valve 23 and the aluminum electrolysis cell 21. It is used to detect the gas pressure, temperature and flow rate in the branch flue 22. The probe of the multi-functional flue gas analyzer 24 is inserted inside the branch flue 22.
[0034] The centralized control box 3 is connected to the motor controller 232 and the multi-functional flue gas analyzer 24 of each electrolysis unit 2 via a wireless communication module, so as to control the action of the corresponding geared motor 231 according to the feedback of the multi-functional flue gas analyzer 24 of each electrolysis unit 2, and realize the precise adjustment of the opening degree of the electric control valve 23 of each electrolysis unit 2.
[0035] In use, the automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas of the aluminum electrolysis cell 21 of this utility model allows the multi-functional flue gas analyzer 24 of each electrolysis unit 2 to transmit the detected gas pressure, temperature, and flow rate data in the corresponding sub-flue gas duct 22 to the central control box 3 via a wireless communication module. After centralized analysis and processing of the data, the central control box 3 generates corresponding control commands and sends them to the motor controller 232 of each electrolysis unit 2 via the wireless communication module. Each motor controller 232 then controls the rotation angle of the corresponding reduction motor 231. The reduction motor 231, through the meshing of the drive gear 235 and the arc-shaped teeth 2341 of the rotating sector valve plate 234, drives the rotating sector valve plate 234 to rotate around the center of the circular channel, thereby changing the angle of the rotating sector valve plate 234, that is, changing the overlap between the rotating sector valve plate 234 and the sector airflow channel 236, thus changing the opening size of the sector airflow channel 236. Furthermore, due to the overlap between the rotating sector valve plate 234 and the sector airflow channel 236, the rotation angle of the sector valve plate 234 is changed. During the process of rotation, the area of the sector changes. Therefore, when the rotation of the geared motor 231 is linear, the opening of the sector airflow channel 236 also changes linearly. This is because each degree of rotation changes the area of the sector corresponding to one degree angle. The area of the sector corresponding to each degree is the same. In other words, linear and stable adjustment of the opening can be achieved. Moreover, since the transmission is achieved by meshing the active gear 235 and the arc-shaped gear 2341, the transmission accuracy is relatively high, which is more conducive to achieving high-precision adjustment of the opening. That is, the flow rate of the electric control valve 23 can be adjusted with high precision, thereby ensuring the negative pressure balance and stability of the entire electrolysis flue system. Compared with the traditional butterfly valve, it also has the following advantages: First, relying on the sealing of the rotating sector valve plate 234 and the fixed sector plate 233, it is less prone to sealing failure and has a longer service life; second, the valve opening is linear, which is conducive to precise flow control; third, it is not easy to form eddies; fourth, the valve plate is always facing the airflow and is not easily damaged by the vibration or impact of the airflow. Therefore, the technical solution of this application has the advantages of high automation, automatic adjustment of negative pressure in each electrolytic cell, saving time and effort, high pressure adjustment accuracy, and not being easily damaged.
[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. The patent protection scope of the present utility model shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present utility model shall also be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of aluminum electrolysis cells, including: Main flue; An electrolysis unit includes multiple aluminum electrolysis cells, each connected to a main flue via a branch flue. The unit is characterized by further comprising: electrically controlled valves, each corresponding to a branch flue, including a valve body, a transmission mechanism, a geared motor, and its motor controller. The valve body has a circular channel, and a fixed sector plate is positioned within the circular channel. The fixed sector plate and the circular channel form a sector-shaped airflow channel. A rotating sector valve plate is rotatably mounted on the fixed sector plate, the rotation center of which coincides with the center of the circular channel. The rotating sector valve plate, when rotated, can change the sector-shaped airflow... The opening of the flow channel; the outer periphery of the rotating sector valve plate is provided with arc-shaped teeth, and the transmission mechanism includes a drive gear driven by a geared motor. The drive gear meshes with the arc-shaped teeth to drive the rotating sector valve plate to rotate. The rotating sector valve plate and the surface of the fixed sector plate are sealed and fitted together; a multi-functional flue gas analyzer is installed on the branch flue, and is located between the electric control valve and the aluminum electrolysis cell. It is used to detect the gas pressure, temperature and flow rate in the branch flue; the control system also includes: a centralized control box, which is connected to the motor controller of each electrolysis unit and the multi-functional flue gas analyzer through a wireless communication module.
2. The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating sector valve plate consists of two sector valve plates arranged symmetrically about the center of rotation.
3. The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angles corresponding to the two sector valve plates are both 90°.
4. The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed sector plate consists of two symmetrically arranged sector plates about the rotation center, with the angles of the two sector plates being 90°.
5. The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The maximum outer diameter of the rotating sector valve plate is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the fixed sector valve plate.
6. The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The probe of the multi-functional flue gas analyzer is inserted inside the flue gas distribution duct.
7. The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body has an arc-shaped groove corresponding to the rotating sector valve plate, and the two sides of the rotating sector valve plate are sealed and slidingly engaged with the side wall of the arc-shaped groove.
8. The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geared motor is equipped with a coupling and an encoder. The encoder detects the rotation angle of the geared motor, and the encoder data can be fed back to the central control box through a wireless communication module.
9. The automatic adjustment and control system for negative pressure balance in the flue gas duct of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geared motor is a stepper motor.