Pressure relief device for ultralow-temperature pressure vessel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pressure relief device for an ultralow-temperature pressure vessel, which relates to the technical field of pressure relief devices and comprises a transition shell, one end of the transition shell is connected with a sealing device, the other end of the transition shell is connected with a working medium inlet and communicated with a working medium source, and the transition shell, the working medium inlet and the sealing device form a cavity. The transition shell is provided with a working medium outlet, the sealing device comprises a sealing ball, a sealing base and a guide rod, the guide rod is connected with a compression spring, and the compression spring is compressed or stretched to limit the sealing ball to move back and forth between a first position and a second position. The main body is made of the high-quality stainless steel 316L material, the sealing ball is made of the ZrO2 material, and the ZrO2 material is used for replacing a rubber sealing ring, so that the working temperature range of the device is greatly improved, the corrosion resistance of the device is improved by the combined sealing of the ZrO2 material and the 316L material, and the service life of the device is doubled compared with that of the combined sealing of the rubber sealing ring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pressure relief device technology, specifically to a pressure relief device for an ultra-low temperature pressure vessel. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there is virtually no pressure relief product available for pressure vessels operating at temperatures as low as -50°C, both domestically and internationally. Most pressure relief products cannot be used at extremely low temperatures; for example, Swagelok's pressure relief valves have a minimum operating temperature of -47°C.

[0003] This invention is used for pressure relief in low-temperature and ultra-low-temperature conditions of pressure vessels. This invention develops a pressure relief device that works in the temperature range of -250℃ to 300℃ and the pressure range of 800 to 3000psi, which meets the requirements for use in pressure vessels in ultra-low temperature environments and is suitable for ultra-low temperature conditions such as liquid carbon dioxide vaporization and liquid nitrogen vaporization. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model is proposed to alleviate or solve at least one aspect or point of the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, a pressure relief device is provided that operates in a temperature range of -250℃ to 300℃ and a pressure range of 800 to 3000 psi, meeting the requirements for use in pressure vessels in ultra-low temperature environments and filling a market gap.

[0006] This utility model discloses a cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device, comprising a transition shell, one end of which is connected to a sealing device, and the other end of which is connected to a working medium inlet, communicating with a working medium source. The transition shell, the working medium inlet, and the sealing device form a cavity. The transition shell is provided with a working medium outlet. The sealing device includes a sealing ball, one end of which abuts against a sealing base, and the other end of which abuts against a guide rod. The other end of the guide rod is connected to a compression spring. The compression spring is compressed or extended to restrict the sealing ball from reciprocating between a first position and a second position.

[0007] When the sealing ball is in the first position, the sealing ball and the sealing base abut against each other to form a sealing structure, and the working medium in the cavity is restricted from leaking out. At this time, the pressure provided by the compression spring to the sealing ball is greater than the pressure of the working medium acting on the sealing ball.

[0008] When the sealing ball is in the second position, the sealing ball and the sealing base separate, forming a pressure relief gap. The working medium in the cavity leaks out through the gap between the sealing ball and the sealing base. At this time, the pressure of the compression spring acting on the sealing ball is less than the pressure provided to the sealing ball by the working medium.

[0009] Preferably, the working medium inlet includes an inlet adapter, one end of which is threadedly connected to a nut, and a second wedge-shaped groove is provided at its axial center. A pressure cap and a retaining cap are provided between the inlet adapter and the nut. A circular hole is provided at the axial center of the pressure cap and the retaining cap to connect the working medium source and the cavity. The other end of the inlet adapter is threadedly connected to the transition housing, and the second wedge-shaped groove cooperates with the retaining cap.

[0010] Preferably, the sealing base is a cylindrical structure with a through hole at its center, the radius of which is smaller than the radius of the sealing ball. The sealing base has a first protrusion on its circumference that mates with the inlet adapter, and the sealing base has a first wedge-shaped groove that mates with the sealing ball.

[0011] Preferably, the guide rod has a columnar structure, with one end abutting against the top end and the other end of the top end abutting against the compression spring. Preferably, the top end has a cylindrical structure with a first groove to fit the top end of the guide rod and restrict the direction of movement of the guide rod. The top end also has a second protrusion with a diameter that matches the inner diameter of the compression spring. The diameter of the top end is larger than the outer diameter of the compression spring, and the compression spring is sleeved on the second protrusion.

[0012] Preferably, the working medium outlet is a plurality of circular exhaust holes disposed on the outer periphery of the transition housing.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing device further includes a transition sleeve, which is a hexagonal prism structure with a through hole at the center that mates with the outer circumference of the guide rod. The transition sleeve is connected to the transition housing by a thread.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing device further includes an adjusting support column, which is a columnar structure with a spring washer connected to its bottom. The compression spring is placed inside the internal cavity and is sleeved on the third protrusion of the spring washer. Preferably, the adjusting support column is threadedly connected to the transition sleeve. By turning the adjusting support column, the compression or extension of the compression spring is adjusted to generate different magnitudes of thrust acting on the sealing ball.

[0015] Preferably, the sealing ball is made of ZrO2, and the sealing base, transition shell, inlet adapter, guide rod, adjusting support and transition sleeve are made of high-quality stainless steel 316L.

[0016] This utility model discloses a cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device. The main body is made of high-quality 316L stainless steel, and the sealing ball is made of ZrO2. The main body is rationally designed and compactly structured. By using ZrO2 material to replace the rubber sealing ring, and with the ZrO2 sealing ball and the 316L sealing base forming a hard seal, this design significantly expands the device's operating temperature range. The combination of ZrO2 and 316L materials enhances the device's corrosion resistance, resulting in a service life several times longer than that of a rubber sealing ring. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of a cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device, which is an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view at point AA.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the depressurization state of a cryogenic pressure vessel depressurization device, which is an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a front view of the transition housing, which is an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view at BB.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of a sealing base, which is an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the top end of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a front view of the adapter interface, which is an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A sectional view at point CC.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of a spring washer, which is an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Wherein: 1-Transition housing, 2-Inlet adapter, 3-Sealing ball, 4-Transition sleeve, 5-Guide rod, 6-Top head, 7-Adjusting support, 8-Compression spring, 9-Spring washer, 10-Collar cover, 11-Pressure cap, 12-Nut, 13-Sealing base, 14-Locking nut, 15-Working medium outlet, 16-First through hole, 17-Second through hole, 18-Third through hole, 19-First protrusion, 20-First groove, 21-Second protrusion, 22-First wedge-shaped groove, 23-Second wedge-shaped groove, 24-Third protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall inventive concept of the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation thereof. In this invention, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar components.

[0029] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein are provided only to illustrate some of the many feasible ways of implementing the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein, which will become clear upon understanding the disclosure of this utility model.

[0030] Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe various components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts, these components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, assembly, region, layer, or part from another component, assembly, region, layer, or part. In the specification, when an element (such as a layer, region, or substrate) is described as being “on” another element, “connected to,” or “bonded to” another element, the element may be directly “on” another element, directly “connected to,” or “bonded to” the other element, or one or more other elements may be present in between. Conversely, when an element is described as being “directly on” another element, “directly connected to,” or “directly bonded to” another element, no other elements may be present in between.

[0031] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to limit disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” indicate the presence of the described features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof.

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to utilize the present invention, the following exemplary embodiments may be provided in conjunction with specific application scenarios, specific systems, device and component parameters, and specific connection methods. However, these embodiments are merely examples for those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments and application scenarios without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0033] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention: as follows Figures 1-10 As shown, a low-temperature fluid micro-pressure relief device comprises a transition housing 1, an inlet adapter 2, a sealing ball 3, a transition sleeve 4, a guide rod 5, a top head 6, an adjusting support 7, a compression spring 8, a spring washer 9, a retaining sleeve cover 10, a pressure cap 11, a nut 12, a sealing base 13, and a locking nut 14. The outer periphery of the transition housing 1 is a hexagonal prism, and the interior of the transition housing 1 has a first through hole 16, a second through hole 17, and a third through hole 18. The first through hole 16 and the second through hole 17 mate with the inlet adapter 2, and the third through hole 18 mates with the first protrusion 19. The transition housing 1 is connected to the inlet adapter 2 via threads. Exemplarily, the inlet adapter 2 is a cylindrical structure with a hexagonal prism nut protruding in the middle section. It has a through hole at its center and threads on its outer circumference for connection with the nut 12. A pressure cap 11 and a retaining sleeve 10 are located between the inlet adapter 2 and the nut 12. Both the pressure cap 11 and the retaining sleeve 10 have circular holes at their centers. The inlet adapter 2, nut 12, pressure cap 11, and retaining sleeve 10 form a working medium inlet for introducing the working medium from a source. Common working media include liquid carbon dioxide vaporization and liquid nitrogen vaporization. A second wedge-shaped groove 23 is located at the center of one end of the inlet adapter 2 to mate with the retaining sleeve 10. The transition housing 1 is connected to the transition sleeve 4 via threads. Exemplarily, the transition sleeve 4 is a hexagonal prism structure with a through hole at its center that mates with the outer circumference of the guide rod 5. The transition housing 1, the working medium inlet, and the sealing device form a cavity for containing the working medium.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the sealing device consists of an adjusting support 7, a transition sleeve 4, a sealing ball 3, a sealing base 13, a guide rod 5, and a compression spring 8. One end of the sealing ball 3 abuts against the sealing base 13. For example, the sealing base 13 is a cylindrical structure with a through hole at its center, the radius of which is smaller than the radius of the sealing ball 3. The circumference of the sealing base 13 has a first protrusion 19 that mates with the second wedge-shaped groove 23. The sealing base 13 is provided with a first wedge-shaped groove 22 that mates with the sealing ball 3 to ensure the sealing performance of the system.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the sealing ball 3 abuts against the guide rod 5. For example, the guide rod 5 is a columnar structure, with one end abutting against the top head 6 and the other end abutting against the compression spring 8. For example, the top head 6 is a cylindrical structure with a first groove 20. The top end of the guide rod 5 abuts against the first groove 20, restricting the guide rod 5 to move only along its axial direction. The top head 6 is provided with a second protrusion 21, the diameter of which is adapted to the inner diameter of the compression spring 8, so that the compression spring 8 is sleeved on the second protrusion 21, restricting the compression spring 8 to move only along its axial direction. The diameter of the top head 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the compression spring 8, ensuring that the thrust of the compression spring 8 acts on the top head 6.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the transition sleeve 4 and the adjusting support 7 are connected by threads. For example, the adjusting support 7 is a columnar structure with a spring washer 9 connected to the bottom. A compression spring 8 is placed inside the internal cavity, and the compression spring 8 is sleeved on the third protrusion 24 of the spring washer 9. By turning the adjusting support 7, the compression or extension of the compression spring 8 is adjusted. The compression spring 8, through the top head 6, ultimately forms the thrust of the guide rod 5 on the sealing ball 3. The thrust of the compression spring 8 is preset according to the system requirements.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the transition housing 1 is provided with a working medium outlet 15. For example, the working medium outlet 15 consists of 6 circular exhaust holes distributed on the six sides of the transition housing 1.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the locking nut 14 is connected to the threaded transition sleeve 4 and the adjusting support 7. When the adjusting support 7 is turned to the required position of the system, the locking nut 14 is turned to lock it.

[0039] The main body of this invention is made of high-quality 316L stainless steel, and the sealing ball is made of ZrO2. Its operating conditions are ultra-low temperatures, with a temperature range of -250℃ to 300℃ and a pressure range of 800 to 3000 psi. By using ZrO2 instead of rubber sealing rings, and with the ZrO2 sealing ball and 316L sealing base forming a hard seal, this design significantly expands the operating temperature range of the device. The combination of ZrO2 and 316L materials enhances the device's corrosion resistance, resulting in a service life several times longer than that of rubber sealing rings. The imported adapter 2 can be fitted with different interfaces as needed, such as compression fitting adapters or tapered threaded fitting adapters.

[0040] Working principle:

[0041] like Figures 2-3As shown, the working medium flows into the cryogenic fluid micro-pressure relief device from the inlet adapter 2. When the pressure of the working medium in the cryogenic fluid micro-pressure relief device is less than the preload of the compression spring 8, the sealing ball 3 closes with the sealing base 13, and the device is in a sealed state. When the pressure of the working medium in the cryogenic fluid micro-pressure relief device is greater than the preload of the compression spring 8, the sealing ball 3 is pushed open by the working medium and detached from the sealing base 13. The working medium flows out through the gap between the sealing base 13 and the sealing ball 3, and then is discharged through the working medium outlet 15. At this time, the cryogenic fluid micro-pressure relief device is in a pressure relief working state. When the working medium leaks, the pressure of the working medium in the cryogenic fluid micro-pressure relief device gradually decreases. When the pressure of the working medium in the cryogenic fluid micro-pressure relief device is less than the preload of the compression spring 8, the sealing ball 3 closes with the sealing base 13, and the cryogenic fluid micro-pressure relief device returns to a sealed state. By continuously discharging the working medium, the pressure of the working medium in the cryogenic fluid micro-pressure relief device is ensured not to exceed the preload of the compression spring 8.

[0042] The pressure relief can be controlled by adjusting the position of the adjusting support. Rotating the adjusting support clockwise increases the pressure of the compression spring 8 on the sealing ball, and vice versa, decreases the pressure in the pressure vessel.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that variations and combinations of elements may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pressure relief device for an ultra-low temperature pressure vessel, characterized in that: The system includes a transition housing (1), one end of which is connected to a sealing device, and the other end of which is connected to a working medium inlet, which is connected to a working medium source. The transition housing (1), the working medium inlet, and the sealing device form a cavity. The transition housing (1) is provided with a working medium outlet (15). The sealing device includes a sealing ball (3), one end of which abuts against a sealing base (13), and the other end of which abuts against a guide rod (5). The other end of the guide rod (5) is connected to a compression spring (8). The compression spring (8) is compressed or extended to restrict the sealing ball (3) from moving back and forth between a first position and a second position. When the sealing ball (3) is in the first position, the sealing ball (3) and the sealing base (13) abut against each other to form a sealing structure, and the working medium in the cavity is restricted from leaking out. At this time, the pressure provided by the compression spring (8) to the sealing ball (3) is greater than the pressure of the working medium acting on the sealing ball (3). When the sealing ball (3) is in the second position, the sealing ball (3) and the sealing base (13) are separated to form a pressure relief gap. The working medium in the cavity leaks out through the gap between the sealing ball (3) and the sealing base (13). At this time, the pressure of the compression spring (8) acting on the sealing ball (3) is less than the pressure provided by the working medium to the sealing ball (3).

2. The cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working medium inlet includes an inlet adapter (2), one end of which is threadedly connected to a nut (12), and a second wedge-shaped groove (23) is provided at its axial center. A pressure cap (11) and a ferrule cap (10) are provided between the inlet adapter (2) and the nut (12). A circular hole is provided at the axial center of the pressure cap (11) and the ferrule cap (10) to connect the working medium source and the cavity. The other end of the inlet adapter (2) is threadedly connected to the transition housing (1), and the second wedge-shaped groove (23) cooperates with the ferrule cap (10).

3. The cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing base (13) is a cylindrical structure with a through hole at the center of the shaft. The radius of the hole is smaller than that of the sealing ball (3). The sealing base (13) has a first protrusion (19) on its circumference that mates with the inlet adapter (2). The sealing base (13) also has a first wedge-shaped groove (22) that mates with the sealing ball (3).

4. The cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide rod (5) has a columnar structure, with one end abutting against the top head (6) and the other end of the top head (6) abutting against the compression spring (8).

5. The cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top end (6) is a cylindrical structure with a first groove (20) to fit the top end of the guide rod (5) and restrict the movement direction of the guide rod (5). The top end (6) is also provided with a second protrusion (21) whose diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the compression spring (8). The diameter of the top end (6) is larger than the outer diameter of the compression spring (8). The compression spring (8) is sleeved on the second protrusion (21).

6. The cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The working medium outlet (15) consists of multiple circular exhaust holes located on the outer periphery of the transition housing (1).

7. The cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing device also includes a transition sleeve (4), which is a hexagonal prism structure with a through hole at the center that matches the outer circumference of the guide rod (5). The transition sleeve (4) and the transition housing (1) are connected by threads.

8. The cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing device also includes an adjusting support (7), which is a columnar structure with a spring washer (9) connected to the bottom. The compression spring (8) is placed inside the internal cavity and is sleeved on the third protrusion (24) of the spring washer (9).

9. The cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjusting support (7) is connected to the transition sleeve (4) by a thread. By turning the adjusting support (7), the compression or extension of the compression spring (8) is adjusted, forming different sizes of thrust acting on the sealing ball (3).

10. The cryogenic pressure vessel pressure relief device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sealing ball (3) is made of ZrO2, and the sealing base (13), transition shell (1), inlet adapter (2), guide rod (5), adjusting support (7) and transition sleeve (4) are made of high-quality stainless steel 316L.

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