Suspended Chinese yam harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a suspension type Chinese yam harvester which comprises a tractor, a ditching mechanism, a vibration shoveling mechanism, a soil cleaning and conveying device and a soil collecting and backfilling mechanism. The tractor is connected with and drives the ditching mechanism, the vibration shoveling mechanism and the soil cleaning and conveying device; the ditching mechanism is provided with a ditching chain and a ditching cutter; the vibration shoveling and collecting mechanism is provided with a vibration frame, a conveying grid and a vibration soil breaking blade; cage-shaped soil removing rollers are arranged on a frame body of the soil cleaning and conveying device at intervals; the collecting and soil backfilling mechanism comprises a collecting and soil removing rotating roller and a ridging and soil backfilling disc; the ridging and soil returning disc enables soil to be collected to the middle of the two discs in the rotating process. The device can complete the whole working process of ditching, Chinese yam vibration shoveling and collecting and Chinese yam soil removing, conveying and collecting in the working process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to harvesting machinery, specifically a suspended yam harvester. Background Technology

[0002] There are currently two methods for harvesting yams: manual harvesting and mechanical harvesting. Manual harvesting is limited to small-scale, scattered planting, while large-scale, commercial planting requires mechanical harvesting.

[0003] Mechanical harvesting, such as the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN216853098U, discloses a vibratory yam harvester, which includes a suspension mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a ditching mechanism, and a vibratory shovel harvesting mechanism; the suspension mechanism includes a frame and a suspension system, the frame being connected to a tractor; the transmission mechanism includes a gearbox and a hydraulic motor, the gearbox output shaft being connected to the ditching mechanism, and the hydraulic motor output being connected to the vibratory shovel harvesting mechanism; the ditching mechanism includes a ditching chain, a ditching chain support frame, and a spiral soil ejector, the ditching chain being arranged in two parallel sets, each set including a chain, a drive sprocket, and a driven sprocket, with ditching chain cutters connected to the chain; the spiral soil ejector is connected to the suspension mechanism, and both the spiral soil ejector and the ditching chain are offset to one side of the suspension; the vibratory shovel harvesting mechanism includes a vibratory shovel, an eccentric wheel, and a vibratory rod, the hydraulic motor output being connected to the eccentric wheel via a transmission assembly, the upper end of the vibratory rod being connected to the eccentric wheel, and the lower end of the vibratory rod being connected to the vibratory shovel. Its working process or principle is as follows: The tractor uses a three-point suspension device to drive the entire machine forward. At this time, the tractor's output shaft connects to the gearbox through a universal joint, driving the trenching chain and the auger soil remover to start working. The first and second hydraulic cylinders on the frame respectively realize the change of digging depth and angle. At the same time, the tractor transmits energy to the hydraulic motor through the oil pipe. The hydraulic motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, and then drives the vibrating shovel through the vibrating rod and the fixed rod, realizing the up and down reciprocating motion of the mechanism. The yam is separated from the soil. As the tractor moves forward, the yam can finally be pulled out of the soft soil by hand.

[0004] The problems are: yam harvesting still requires manual pulling and cannot be automated; and manual pulling is inefficient due to the high efficiency of mechanical equipment.

[0005] Although the machine achieves functions such as ditching, soil breaking, and vegetable-soil separation, yams are prone to breakage or damage during mechanical harvesting due to their brittleness. Existing mechanical harvesting equipment has a high damage rate, affecting the commercial value of yams. The machine's transmission and vibratory shovel mechanisms are complex, involving multiple hydraulic cylinders, chains, and bearings, making installation and maintenance cumbersome and parts replacement costly. The hydraulic motor-driven vibration mechanism design results in highly unstable system pressure pulsations, causing the hydraulic oil temperature to rise sharply with working time. After 4 hours of continuous operation, the hydraulic oil viscosity decreased by 35%, and the probability of seal failure increased sixfold. Relying entirely on manual picking greatly increases the risk of serious accidents during operation; the ditching chain is not protected, making manual picking extremely dangerous. Two workers are required to pick up yams, making the overall cost 1.8 times that of manual harvesting. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a suspended yam harvester, which can complete the entire working process of trenching, vibrating yam harvesting, and yam desoiling, conveying and collecting during operation.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical means:

[0008] A suspended yam harvester includes a tractor, a ditching mechanism, a vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism, a soil clearing and conveying device, and a soil collection and backfilling mechanism.

[0009] The tractor is connected to drive the trenching mechanism, the vibratory shovel mechanism, and the soil removal and conveying device.

[0010] The trenching mechanism is equipped with a pair of trenching chains spaced apart, and trenching blades spaced apart on the trenching chains. The trenching chains are driven to rotate and drive the trenching blades to work.

[0011] The vibratory shovel mechanism is located behind the trenching mechanism. The vibratory shovel mechanism is equipped with a vibratory frame, which is driven to vibrate continuously. A conveyor grid is connected to the bottom of the vibratory frame, and a vibratory soil-breaking blade is provided at the front end of the conveyor grid.

[0012] The soil removal and conveying device is located behind the vibratory shovel and collecting mechanism. The soil removal and conveying device includes a drive motor, a cage-shaped soil removal roller, side guard plates, and a chain conveyor protective cover. The soil removal and conveying device has a frame, on which cage-shaped soil removal rollers are spaced apart. There is a rotation interval between adjacent cage-shaped soil removal rollers. The drive motor drives the cage-shaped soil removal rollers to rotate through the transmission chain. The soil removal and conveying device is set at an angle, with its bottom end located below the vibratory shovel and collecting mechanism and its top end located at the soil collection and backfilling mechanism. The frame has side guard plates on both sides of the cage-shaped soil removal rollers, and a chain conveyor protective cover is provided at the transmission chain.

[0013] The soil collection and backfilling mechanism includes a soil-collecting and removing roller, a soil-collecting and backfilling seat plate, and a ridging and backfilling disc. The front side of the soil-collecting and backfilling seat plate has a soil-falling opening, within which spaced-apart soil-collecting and removing rollers are installed. Both ends of the soil-collecting and removing rollers are hinged to the soil-collecting and backfilling seat plate. A pair of ridging and backfilling discs are located on the bottom rear side of the soil-collecting and backfilling seat plate. These discs are hinged to the bottom of a disc frame, and the top of the disc frame is connected to the soil-collecting and backfilling seat plate. The ridging and backfilling discs are spaced further apart at the front and rear. During rotation, the soil is drawn towards the center of the two discs.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the outstanding features of this utility model, which adopts the above technical solution, are:

[0015] (1) The trenching mechanism is equipped with a trenching chain that is driven to operate and drive the trenching blade to dig trenches on both sides of the yam.

[0016] (2) By setting the vibrating shovel collection mechanism on the rear side of the trenching mechanism, the vibrating shovel is used to shovel down the yam and soil clods. The vibrating shovel and the conveying frame are driven to vibrate by the vibrating frame, thereby removing the soil attached to the yam for the first time and conveying the yam to the rear.

[0017] (3) By setting the soil removal and conveying device on the side and rear of the vibrating shovel and collecting mechanism, and using the cage-shaped soil removal rollers spaced on the frame to drive the yam to continue to be conveyed obliquely upward, the soil is leaked through the gaps between the cage holes or cage bars of the cage-shaped soil removal rollers and the gaps between adjacent cage-shaped soil removal rollers, thereby removing the soil attached to the yam for the second time.

[0018] (4) Soil is removed for the third time by the gap between the collecting and backfilling soil rollers. At the same time, the soil is also gathered between the two plates by the rotation of the ridging and backfilling plate.

[0019] Further preferred technical solutions are as follows:

[0020] The trenching mechanism includes a worm gear reducer, a trenching chain, a drive sprocket A, a driven sprocket B, a spiral mud-discharging rotor, a lower wheel frame, and a trenching drive shaft. The worm gear reducer drives the drive sprocket A through trenching drive shafts on both sides and JFL-type elastic sleeve pin couplings. The drive sprocket A drives the driven sprocket B through the trenching chain.

[0021] The trenching mechanism also includes a driven sprocket C, a trenching frame, an upper wheel frame, a side wheel frame, and a lower wheel frame. The driving sprocket A is installed on the upper wheel frame, which is connected to the upper end of the trenching frame. The lower wheel frame is connected to the lower end of the trenching frame. A side wheel frame is connected to one side of the trenching frame. The driving sprocket A is connected to the upper wheel frame. A driven sprocket B is installed on the side wheel frame. The driven sprocket C is connected to the lower wheel frame. A spiral mud-discharging rotor is connected to the shaft of the driven sprocket B, and the spiral mud-discharging rotor discharges soil to both sides.

[0022] The vibrating frame includes a vibration mechanism input shaft, a two-stubble vertical bearing seat, a drive sprocket F, a sprocket frame, a vibration support shaft, a bearing seat support frame, a front vibration support arm, a vibrating soil removal baffle, an eccentric wheel shaft, a shovel support shaft, an eccentric wheel, a vertical bearing seat, a driven chain, and a rear vibration connecting rod. The vibration mechanism input shaft is equipped with a drive sprocket F, and a driven chain is provided between the drive sprocket F and the driven sprocket. The driven sprocket is mounted on the eccentric wheel shaft, which is connected to one end of the bearing seat support frame via two vertical bearing seats. The other end of the bearing seat support frame is connected to the machine frame. Both ends of the eccentric wheel shaft are connected to the top of the rear vibration connecting rod via eccentric wheels, and the rotation of the eccentric wheels eccentrically drives the rear vibration connecting rod. Both ends of the vibration support shaft are connected to the machine frame via two-stubble vertical bearing seats, and both ends of the vibration support shaft are connected to the top of the front vibration support arm. The bottom ends of the two front vibration support arms and the two rear vibration connecting rods are connected to a conveyor grid and a vibrating soil-breaking blade. The sprocket D of the trenching mechanism drives the drive sprocket E, and the drive sprocket E drives the input shaft of the vibration mechanism.

[0023] The eccentric shaft is also provided with a sprocket frame, one end of which is connected to support the eccentric shaft, and the other end of which is connected to the frame; the eccentric shaft is connected to a drive sprocket F on one side of the sprocket frame.

[0024] A shovel support shaft is provided between the bottom ends of the two front vibration support arms and between the bottom ends of the two rear vibration connecting rods. The two shovel support shafts are connected to the conveying grid and the vibrating soil-breaking blade.

[0025] The conveying grid is equipped with vibrating baffles on both sides. The vibrating baffles prevent the yams scooped by the vibrating shovel from falling outwards from the conveying grid and causing damage or breakage.

[0026] The agricultural machinery drive shaft mechanism includes a universal joint connector, a fixing pin, and a universal joint input shaft connecting end; the universal joint input shaft connecting end is connected to the tractor, the other side of the universal joint input shaft connecting end is connected to the fixing pin, the fixing pins on both sides are connected by the universal joint input shaft, and the other side of the fixing pin is connected to the universal joint connector.

[0027] There are two frame support rods, arranged in parallel. One end of the frame support rod is connected to the tractor and fixed at the connection with type 2 hex bolts. The other end of the frame support rod is connected to the frame and fixed at the connection with type 2 hex bolts. The upper end of the three-point suspension mechanism is connected to the tractor, and the lower ends of the three-point suspension mechanism are connected to the frame on both sides. The middle side of the three-point suspension is connected to the worm gear reducer.

[0028] The outer circumference of the cage-shaped soil removal roller (402) is provided with roller strips spaced apart. The outer surface of the roller strips is flat and has an adhesive layer. There is a gap between the roller strips.

[0029] The flat surface design allows the rollers to vibrate the yams and soil on them, making it easier to shake off the soil from the yams. The flat surface also has an adhesive layer, which cushions the vibrations to prevent damage to the yams and increases the friction during transport. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the yam harvester involved in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the trenching mechanism involved.

[0032] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the vibratory shovel collection mechanism involved in the process.

[0033] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the soil removal and conveying device involved in the process.

[0034] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the soil collection and backfilling mechanism involved.

[0035] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 1 The diagram shows the universal joint input shaft connection end involved in the process.

[0036] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the collection agencies involved.

[0037] Figure 8 This utility model Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the collection agencies involved.

[0038] Figure 9 This is the utility model Figure 4 A three-dimensional view of the cage-shaped soil-removing roller.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] Tractor 1;

[0041] 2. Trenching mechanism; worm gear reducer 201, backfill collection seat plate 202, trenching cutter 203, drive sprocket A 204, driven sprocket B 205, spiral mud discharge rotor 206, lower wheel frame 207, driven sprocket C 208, rear frame 209, lower wheel frame 210, front wheel frame (211), front sprocket fixing seat 211, trenching mechanism drive shaft 212;

[0042] Vibratory shovel and harvesting mechanism 3; drive sprocket E10, vibration mechanism input shaft 301, two-stud vertical bearing seat 302, drive sprocket F303, sprocket frame 304, vibration mechanism support shaft 305, bearing seat support frame 306, vibration mechanism sprocket frame 304, excavation support arm 307, vibratory soil removal baffle 308, eccentric wheel shaft 309, single conveying grid 310, shovel and harvesting support shaft 311, coupling 312, bearing with vertical seat 313, driven chain 314, vibration rear connecting rod 315, vibratory soil breaking blade 316;

[0043] Soil removal and conveying device 4; drive motor 401, cage-shaped soil removal roller 402, side guard plate 403, chain conveyor protective cover 404;

[0044] 5. Soil collection and backfilling mechanism; 501 soil collection and removal roller, 502 soil collection and backfilling seat plate, 503 ridging and backfilling disc, 504 transmission component cover;

[0045] Agricultural machinery drive shaft mechanism 6; universal joint connector 601, fixing pin 602, universal joint input shaft connecting end 603;

[0046] 7. Frame support rod; 8. Three-point suspension mechanism; 9. JFL type flexible sleeve pin coupling; 10. Drive sprocket; 11. Drive sprocket. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0048] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] See Figures 1-8 As can be seen, the suspended yam harvester of this utility model consists of a tractor 1, a ditching mechanism 2, a vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3, a soil clearing and conveying device 4, and a soil collection and backfilling mechanism 5.

[0051] The tractor 1 is connected to drive the trenching mechanism 2, the vibratory shovel mechanism 3, and the soil clearing and conveying device 4.

[0052] Combined with appendix Figure 1 As shown, the trenching mechanism 2 is connected to the rear of the tractor 1 via a three-point suspension mechanism 8; one end of the support rod 7 is hinged to the rear of the tractor, and the other end is hinged to the main body of the frame 12. The frame 12 is pulled by the tractor 1. The universal input shaft connection end 603 at the rear of the tractor 1 is connected to the worm gear reducer 201. The worm gear reducer 201 is mounted on the frame. Four JFL type elastic sleeve pin couplings 9 are mounted on both sides of the worm gear reducer 201. The front wheel frames 211 at both ends of the worm gear reducer 201 are mounted on the frame. The two stud vertical bearing seats 302 of the vibratory shovel and harvesting mechanism 3 are mounted on both sides of the frame 12.

[0053] Combined with appendix Figure 2As shown, the driving sprocket A204 of the trenching mechanism 2 is installed on the front wheel frame 211. Below the front wheel frame 211 is the rear frame 209, and on the rear frame 209 is the lower wheel frame 210. The driven sprocket B205 and the spiral mud-discharging rotor 206 are installed on the lower wheel frame 210. The trenching chain 202 is installed on the sprockets of the driving sprocket A204, driven sprocket B205, and driven sprocket C208. The soil-breaking blade 203 is installed on the outside of the trenching chain. The trenching mechanism chain 202, the rear frame 209, the front wheel frame 211, the rear wheel frame 207, the lower wheel frame 210, the driving sprocket A204, the driven sprocket B205, the driven sprocket C208, and the spiral mud-discharging rotor 206 are all symmetrical on both sides.

[0054] Combined with appendix Figure 3 As shown, the vibratory shovel mechanism 3 sprocket D11 drives the vibratory shovel mechanism 3 sprocket E10, which in turn drives the vibration mechanism input shaft 301. Simultaneously, the rotation of the vibration mechanism input shaft 301, along with the rotation of two vertical bearings 313 and the drive sprocket F303, drives the driven sprocket 314. The rotation of the driven sprocket 314 drives the eccentric shaft 309, which in turn drives the two vertical bearings 313 and the two eccentric shaft couplings 312. The eccentric shaft couplings 312 begin to move, simultaneously driving the vibratory rear connecting rod 315. The lower end of the vibratory rear connecting rod 315 is connected to the vibratory soil-removing baffle 308. The vibratory soil-removing baffle 308 has a conveying grid 310 in the middle, consisting of seven conveying grid bars. Both ends of the conveying grid bars are connected to the shovel support shaft 311. The front end of each conveying grid bar is flat, and its upper surface is connected to support the vibratory soil-breaking blade 316. The conveyor bars provide solid support for the vibratory breaker blade 316, keeping it stable during operation.

[0055] The two sides of the connecting vibratory soil removal baffle 308 have two vibratory connecting rods 315, and the two sides of the front end of the vibratory connecting rods 315 also have two digging support arms 307. The upper end of the digging support arm 307 has a conveyor belt support shaft 305, and the two ends of the shaft 305 have two stud bearing seats 302. The lower end of the stud bearing seats 302 is the frame 12.

[0056] Combined with appendix Figure 4 As shown, the soil removal and conveying device 4 includes a drive motor 401, a cage-shaped soil removal roller 402, side guard plates 403, and a chain conveyor protective cover 404. The soil removal and conveying device 4 is equipped with a frame, on which cage-shaped soil removal rollers 402 are spaced apart. There is a rotation interval between adjacent cage-shaped soil removal rollers 402. The drive motor 401 drives the cage-shaped soil removal rollers 402 to rotate through the transmission chain. The frame is equipped with side guard plates 403 on both sides of the cage-shaped soil removal rollers 402. The transmission chain is equipped with a chain conveyor protective cover 404. The soil removal and conveying device 4 is inclined, with its bottom end located below the vibrating shovel collection mechanism 3 and its top end located at the soil collection and backfilling mechanism 5.

[0057] Combined with appendix Figure 5 As shown, the soil collection and backfilling mechanism 5 includes a soil collection and removal roller 501, a soil collection and backfilling seat plate 502, a ridging and backfilling disc 503, and a transmission component cover 504. The soil collection and backfilling seat plate 502 has a soil discharge opening on its front side, within which the soil collection and removal roller 501 is arranged at intervals. Both ends of the soil collection and removal roller 501 are hinged to the soil collection and backfilling seat plate 502. A pair of ridging and backfilling discs 503 are provided on the bottom rear side of the soil collection and backfilling seat plate 502. The ridging and backfilling discs 503 are hinged to the bottom end of a disc frame, and the top end of the disc frame is connected to the soil collection and backfilling seat plate 502. The ridging and backfilling discs 503 have a large gap at the front end and a small gap at the rear end, causing the soil to collect into the two discs during rotation.

[0058] Agricultural machinery drive shaft mechanism 6; universal joint connector 601, fixing pin 602, universal joint input shaft connecting end 603.

[0059] Combined with appendix Figure 6 As shown, the agricultural machinery transmission shaft mechanism 6 is connected to the tractor 1 through the universal joint input shaft connection end 603. The other side of the universal joint input shaft connection end 603 is connected to the fixing pin 602. The fixing pins 602 on both sides are connected by the universal input shaft 601. The other side of the fixing pin 602 is connected to the universal joint connector 601.

[0060] Figure 9 As shown, the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402 of this embodiment has spaced roller strips on its outer circumference. The outer surface of the roller strips is flat and has a rubber layer; this serves to buffer the vibration of the yam, preventing damage, and also increases the friction during transport. Spacing is provided between the roller strips to allow soil that falls during yam transport to fall off. The structure of the soil-removing roller 501 is the same as that of the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402.

[0061] The installation and setup process in this embodiment is as follows:

[0062] 1. Connection: First, connect the frame 12 to the tractor 1 via a three-point suspension mechanism, ensuring the connecting bolts are tight and the gaps at each connection point meet design requirements to ensure the frame's stability during operation. Simultaneously, check the hydraulic lifting system connection between the frame 12 and the tractor to ensure proper operation, allowing for flexible adjustment of the frame's height and angle via the tractor's control system. Next, install the chain trenching mechanism 2, vibratory shovel mechanism 3, soil removal and conveying device 4, and soil collection and backfilling mechanism 5 onto the frame 12 in sequence. When installing the chain trenching mechanism 2, adjust the coaxiality of the drive sprocket and the tractor's power output shaft to ensure the chain is correctly installed and properly tensioned. When installing the vibratory shovel mechanism 3, check the connection of the vibratory connecting rod 315 for secure installation. When installing the soil removal and conveying device 4, ensure the drive chain is installed flat and the drive cage-shaped soil removal roller 402 rotates stably. When installing the soil collection and backfilling mechanism 5, ensure the ridging and backfilling disc 503 is accurately positioned.

[0063] 2. Debugging: After installation, start the tractor and conduct a comprehensive test on the operation of each mechanism. Check whether the trenching depth and width of the chain trenching mechanism 2 meet the design requirements, and optimize by adjusting the tractor's power output speed and frame height; test the vibration frequency and soil penetration depth of the vibrating shovel mechanism 3, ensuring good vibration effect without damaging the yams; debug the conveying speed and soil-yam separation effect of the soil clearing and conveying device 4, and change the conveying and separation effect by adjusting the inclination of the soil clearing and conveying device 4; check the backfilling effect of the soil collection and backfilling mechanism 5, and use the ridging and backfilling disc 503 to make the soil surface flat after backfilling.

[0064] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0065] First: Before field operations, the operator drives the tractor to the yam planting area, observes the terrain and yam growth, and selects a suitable starting point. The tractor is started, and the suspended yam harvester is driven to one end of the yam planting row. The frame 12 is adjusted to align with the planting row or column. The chain-driven ditching mechanism 2 is activated. Based on soil hardness and yam planting depth, the tractor's power output speed is adjusted appropriately, allowing the ditching blades 203 to cut into the soil at a suitable speed and depth, loosening the soil on both sides of the yam strip. The spiral mud-discharging rotor 206 discharges the soil it has lifted to both sides of the ditch. Second: Then, the vibratory shovel mechanism 3 is activated, and the speed of the eccentric wheel mechanism is adjusted to control the vibration frequency of the vibratory connecting rod 315, causing the vibratory soil-breaking blade 316 to shovel and collect the yams. The yams and soil clods are then vibrated and broken up around the roots of the yams. The shoveled yams and soil clods fall backward toward the conveyor grid 310. As the vibratory shovel mechanism 3 moves forward, the yams and soil clods collected at the front are continuously pushed backward. Some soil falls to the ground through the conveyor grid 310, while the yams and some soil are pushed toward the soil-clearing conveyor device 4. Because the vibratory shovel mechanism 3 operates by vibration, most of the soil is separated from the yams during shoveling and falls downward through the conveyor grid 310, which is the first soil removal. Third: When the tractor moves forward, the soil-clearing conveyor device 4 starts to work. The soil and yams are driven to the top by the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402. As the soil moves, it continuously falls downwards through the gaps in the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402. The yam, being longer, is then transported upwards to the collection and backfilling mechanism 5. The soil-removing conveying device 4 removes soil a second time through the gaps within the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402 itself and the rotational gap between the two cage-shaped soil-removing rollers 402. The yam is then transported to the collection and backfilling mechanism 5. A soil-falling opening is located on the front side of the collection and backfilling seat plate 502, and spaced-apart collection and soil-removing rollers 501 are installed within this opening. These spaced-apart collection and soil-removing rollers 501 further separate a small portion of the soil that has been transported with the yam, causing the soil to fall downwards under gravity. The collection and soil-removing rollers 501 then transport the yam backwards and collect it. The collection and soil-removing rollers 501 rotate, performing a third soil removal process. At the same time, the height and angle of the ridging and backfilling plate 503 allow it to accurately backfill the soil dropped by the soil removal and conveying device 4 into the yam ditch. The compaction device can be activated as needed to properly compact the backfilled soil, ensuring that the land surface is flat and ready for subsequent planting.

[0066] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0067] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural changes made based on the content of the present utility model specification and drawings are included within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A suspended yam harvester, comprising a tractor (1), a ditching mechanism (2), a vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism (3), a soil clearing and conveying device (4), and a soil collection and backfilling mechanism (5), characterized in that: The tractor (1) is connected to a drive trenching mechanism (2), a vibratory shovel mechanism (3), and a soil clearing and conveying device (4). The trenching mechanism (2) is provided with a pair of trenching chains (202) spaced apart, and trenching blades (203) spaced apart on the trenching chains. The trenching chains are driven to rotate and drive the trenching blades (203) to work. The vibratory shovel mechanism (3) is located on the rear side of the trenching mechanism (2). The vibratory shovel mechanism (3) is equipped with a vibratory frame. The vibratory frame is driven to vibrate continuously. The bottom end of the vibratory frame is connected to a conveying grid (310). The front end of the conveying grid (310) is equipped with a vibratory soil-breaking blade (316). The soil removal conveying device (4) is located behind the vibrating shovel and collecting mechanism (3). The soil removal conveying device (4) includes a drive motor (401), a cage-shaped soil removal roller (402), a side guard plate (403), and a chain conveyor protective cover (404). The soil removal conveying device (4) is equipped with a frame, on which cage-shaped soil removal rollers (402) are spaced apart. There is a rotation interval between adjacent cage-shaped soil removal rollers (402). The drive motor (401) drives the cage-shaped soil removal rollers (402) to rotate through the transmission chain. The soil removal conveying device (4) is set at an angle, with its bottom end located below the vibrating shovel and collecting mechanism (3) and its top end located at the soil collection and backfilling mechanism (5). The frame is equipped with side guard plates (403) on both sides of the cage-shaped soil removal rollers (402), and a chain conveyor protective cover (404) is provided at the transmission chain. The soil collection and backfilling mechanism (5) includes a soil collection and removal roller (501), a soil collection and backfilling seat plate (502), and a soil ridging and backfilling disc (503). The soil collection and backfilling seat plate (502) has a soil dropping opening on its front side, and a soil collection and removal roller (501) is provided at intervals in the soil dropping opening. The two ends of the soil collection and removal roller (501) are hinged to the soil collection and backfilling seat plate (502). A pair of soil ridging and backfilling discs (503) are provided on the bottom surface of the rear side of the soil collection and backfilling seat plate (502). The soil ridging and backfilling discs (503) are hinged to the bottom end of the disc frame, and the top end of the disc frame is connected to the soil collection and backfilling seat plate (502). The soil ridging and backfilling discs (503) have a large front-end interval and a small rear-end interval. During the rotation of the soil ridging and backfilling discs (503), the soil is drawn towards the middle of the two discs.

2. The suspended yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching mechanism (2) is equipped with a worm gear reducer (201), a trenching chain (202), a drive sprocket A (204), a driven sprocket B (205), a spiral mud discharge rotor (206), a lower wheel frame (207), and a trenching drive shaft (212). The worm gear reducer (201) drives the drive sprocket A (204) through the trenching drive shaft (212) on both sides and the JFL type elastic sleeve pin coupling (9). The drive sprocket A (204) drives the driven sprocket B (205) through the trenching chain (202).

3. The suspended yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching mechanism (2) is also provided with a driven sprocket C (208), a trenching frame (209), an upper wheel frame (211), a side wheel frame (210), and a lower wheel frame (207). The driving sprocket A (204) is installed on the upper wheel frame (211). The upper wheel frame (211) is connected to the upper end of the trenching frame (209). The lower wheel frame (207) is connected to the lower end of the trenching frame (209). The side wheel frame (210) is connected to one side of the trenching frame (209). The driving sprocket A (204) is connected to the upper wheel frame (211). The driven sprocket B (205) is installed on the side wheel frame (210). The driven sprocket C (208) is connected to the lower wheel frame (207). The spiral mud-discharging rotor (206) is connected to the shaft of the driven sprocket B (205).

4. The suspended yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration frame includes a vibration mechanism input shaft (301), a two-stub vertical bearing seat (302), a drive sprocket F (303), a sprocket frame (304), a vibration support shaft (305), a bearing seat support frame (306), a vibration front support arm (307), a vibration soil removal baffle (308), an eccentric wheel shaft (309), an eccentric wheel (312), a vertical bearing seat (313), a driven chain (314), and a vibration rear connecting rod (315). The vibration mechanism input shaft (301) is equipped with a drive sprocket F (303), and a driven chain (314) is provided between the drive sprocket F (303) and the driven sprocket. The driven sprocket is mounted on the eccentric wheel shaft (309), which is connected to two vertical bearing seats. The bearing seat (313) is connected to one end of the bearing seat support frame (306), and the other end of the bearing seat support frame (306) is connected to the frame (12); the two ends of the eccentric wheel shaft (309) are connected to the top of the vibration rear connecting rod (315) through the eccentric wheel (312), and the eccentric wheel (312) rotates to drive the vibration rear connecting rod (315); the two ends of the vibration support shaft (305) are connected to the frame (12) through the two stud vertical bearing seat (302), and the two ends of the vibration support shaft (305) are connected to the top of the vibration front support arm (307), and the bottom ends of the two vibration front support arms (307) and the two vibration rear connecting rods (315) are connected to the conveying grid (310) and the vibration soil breaking blade (316).

5. The suspended yam harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The eccentric shaft (309) is also provided with a sprocket frame (304), one end of the sprocket frame (304) is connected to support the eccentric shaft (309), and the other end of the sprocket frame (304) is connected to the frame (12); the eccentric shaft (309) is connected to a drive sprocket F (303) on one side of the sprocket frame (304).

6. The suspended yam harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: A shovel support shaft (311) is provided between the bottom ends of the two front vibration support arms (307) and between the bottom ends of the two rear vibration connecting rods (315). The two shovel support shafts (311) are connected to the conveying grid (310) and the vibrating shovel cutting blade (316).

7. The suspended yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vibration baffles (308) are provided on both sides of the conveying grid (310).

8. The suspended yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the cage-shaped soil removal roller (402) is provided with roller strips spaced apart. The outer surface of the roller strips is flat and has an adhesive layer. There is a gap between the roller strips.

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