Temperature and humidity gradient synchronous monitoring type soil infiltration experimental device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of soil infiltration, and discloses a temperature and humidity gradient synchronous monitoring type soil infiltration experimental device, which comprises a constant-temperature heating water tank, a temperature control module and a temperature control module, the experimental soil column is connected with the peristaltic pump through a water inlet pipe, and the lower portion of the experimental soil column is connected with a water collector through a water outlet pipe; a plurality of temperature sensors and a plurality of soil moisture sensors, wherein the plurality of temperature sensors and the plurality of soil moisture sensors are uniformly distributed along the height direction of the experimental soil column; and the data acquisition unit is connected with the plurality of temperature sensors and the soil moisture sensors through wires. By integrating the temperature control device, the flow speed control device, the temperature and humidity measuring device and the data recording and collecting system, the defects in the aspects of accurate control and temperature boundary condition reproduction in the prior art are overcome, and accurate monitoring of the temperature and humidity gradient during soil infiltration can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil infiltration technology, and more specifically, to a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients. Background Technology

[0002] Soil moisture transport exhibits nonlinear and hysteretic effects under the influence of temperature fields. Temperature changes can alter water viscosity, significantly affecting infiltration rates and groundwater flow velocities. Traditional infiltration experimental equipment generally lacks soil temperature control capabilities, making in-situ simulation of the coupled effects of temperature and seepage fields difficult. Existing technologies suffer from the following deficiencies in experimental parameter control: 1. The lack of a temperature control module prevents the accurate construction of the required initial soil temperature field, leading to uncontrollable interlayer heat conduction; 2. Neglecting the influence of temperature on the matric potential of the unsaturated zone results in inaccurate seepage calculations; 3. Existing soil infiltration experiments often ignore the temperature and humidity of stratified soil layers and lack corresponding temperature-humidity synchronous measurement probes. These problems directly result in poor experimental repeatability and excessively long initial condition control times when existing devices attempt to accurately simulate soil infiltration processes.

[0003] Therefore, a soil infiltration experimental device with synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradient is needed to make up for the shortcomings of existing technologies in accurately controlling and reproducing temperature boundary conditions, and to improve the scientific nature of soil moisture transport law research. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. By integrating a temperature control device, a flow rate control device, a temperature and humidity measurement device, and a data recording and acquisition system, it makes up for the shortcomings of the prior art in accurately controlling and reproducing temperature boundary conditions, and can realize the accurate monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients during soil infiltration.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients, comprising: a constant temperature heating water tank, wherein a peristaltic pump and a temperature control module are installed in the constant temperature heating water tank; an experimental soil column, wherein the experimental soil column is connected to the peristaltic pump through an inlet pipe, and a water collector is connected to the bottom of the experimental soil column through an outlet pipe; a plurality of temperature sensors and a plurality of soil moisture sensors, wherein the plurality of temperature sensors and soil moisture sensors are evenly distributed along the height direction of the experimental soil column; and a data acquisition unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is wiredly connected to the plurality of temperature sensors and soil moisture sensors.

[0006] According to the present invention, a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradient is provided. The experimental soil column includes a shell and a soil layer. The soil layer is filled inside the shell. A plurality of temperature sensors are evenly distributed on one side of the shell and in contact with the soil layer. A plurality of soil moisture sensors are evenly distributed on the other side of the shell and in contact with the soil layer. An upper sealing cover is provided at the top of the shell and a lower sealing cover is provided at the bottom.

[0007] According to the present invention, a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradient is provided, wherein a nozzle is installed below the upper sealing cover, the nozzle is located above the soil layer, and the nozzle is connected to the water inlet pipe.

[0008] According to the present invention, a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradient is provided. The lower sealing cover includes a first layer plate and a second layer plate. The first layer plate is fixedly connected to the second layer plate. The first layer plate is in contact with the soil layer below. The first layer plate is provided with a plurality of first water outlet holes. The second layer plate is provided with second water outlet holes. The second water outlet holes are connected to the water outlet pipe.

[0009] According to the present invention, a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradient is provided, wherein the data acquisition unit is a paperless recorder, and the paperless recorder is wiredly connected to several temperature sensors and soil moisture sensors.

[0010] According to the present invention, a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradient is provided, wherein a flow meter and a valve are installed on the inlet pipe.

[0011] According to the present invention, a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradient is provided, wherein the outer side of the shell is wrapped with a heat insulation layer.

[0012] According to the present invention, a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradient is provided, wherein the water collector is a graduated cylinder and the end of the water outlet pipe extends into the graduated cylinder.

[0013] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0014] This invention integrates a temperature control device (constant-temperature heated water tank), a flow rate control device (peristaltic pump), a temperature and humidity measurement device (temperature sensor, soil moisture sensor), and a data recording and acquisition unit to achieve precise monitoring of the temperature and humidity gradient during soil infiltration. The constant-temperature heated water tank precisely constructs the initial soil temperature field required for the experiment, ensuring the controllability of the heat conduction process between soil layers. The peristaltic pump precisely constructs the stable water flow velocity field required for the experiment. The temperature sensor and soil moisture sensor focus on the influence of temperature and humidity during soil infiltration measurement. At the same time, the layered temperature-humidity synchronous measurement probes accurately monitor and record the temperature and humidity of each soil layer. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental soil column in this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower sealing cap in this utility model;

[0020] The components include: 1. Constant temperature heating water tank; 2. Peristaltic pump; 3. Inlet pipe; 4. Experimental soil column; 5. Flow meter; 6. Water collector; 7. Sprayer; 8. Lower sealing cover; 9. Insulation layer; 10. Temperature sensor; 11. Soil moisture sensor; 12. Upper sealing cover; 13. Valve; 14. Wire; 15. Paperless recorder; 16. First water outlet; 17. Second water outlet; 18. Water outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients, comprising: a constant temperature heating water tank 1, in which a peristaltic pump 2 and a temperature control module are installed; an experimental soil column 4, which is connected to the peristaltic pump 2 through a water inlet pipe 3, and a water collector 6 is connected to the bottom of the experimental soil column 4 through a water outlet pipe 18; a plurality of temperature sensors 10 and a plurality of soil moisture sensors 11, which are evenly distributed along the height of the experimental soil column 4; and a data acquisition unit, which is wired to the plurality of temperature sensors 10 and soil moisture sensors 11.

[0024] The experimental soil column 4 comprises a shell and a soil layer, with the soil layer filling the shell. The shell is a tubular structure made of rigid PVC, 60 cm high and 15 cm in inner diameter. A top sealing cap 12, also made of rigid PVC, is located at the top of the shell. A spray head 7, connected to a water inlet pipe 3, is mounted at the bottom of the top sealing cap 12. The spray head 7 is a shower-type nozzle. Figure 3 As shown, the main body of the shower head has multiple water outlet holes at the same height, which can ensure a stable water flow and allow the soil surface to be evenly watered.

[0025] The shell contains a soil layer with a total height of 55cm. The soil is filled from bottom to top. After each layer is filled, the sand or soil is compacted to the maximum extent. Only one type of sand or soil is selected to simplify the experimental soil conditions.

[0026] A lower sealing cover 8 is provided at the bottom of the shell. The lower sealing cover 8 is made of rigid PVC and includes a first layer plate and a second layer plate. The first layer plate and the second layer plate are arranged vertically, with the first layer plate located above the second layer plate and spaced apart. The first layer plate is in contact with the soil layer. Several first water outlet holes 16 are formed on the first layer plate, and second water outlet holes 17 are formed on the second layer plate. The second water outlet holes 17 are connected to a water outlet pipe 18, the other end of which extends into the water collector 6. Water seeping from the soil layer is collected through the first water outlet holes 16 and then flows through the second water outlet holes 17 and the water outlet pipe 18 into the water collector 6. The water collector 6 is a graduated cylinder. The graduated cylinder receives the seepage water flow through the water outlet pipe 18 to measure the seepage rate.

[0027] A plurality of temperature sensors 10 and soil moisture sensors 11 are uniformly arranged along the height direction on the outside of the housing. In this utility model, there are 6 temperature sensors 10 and 6 soil moisture sensors 11. The 6 temperature sensors 10 and 6 soil moisture sensors 11 are arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the housing and are in contact with the soil layer. The 6 temperature sensors 10 and 6 soil moisture sensors 11 are in contact with soil layers at different heights, and can measure the temperature and soil moisture between different soil layers.

[0028] The data acquisition unit is a paperless recorder 15. Temperature sensor 10 and soil moisture sensor 11 are both connected to the paperless recorder 15 via wires 14, allowing for intuitive data reading and convenient data processing via computer. Temperature sensor 10 and soil moisture sensor 11 measure the temperature and moisture content between different soil layers. A graduated cylinder is used at the bottom of the experimental soil column 4, connected to a water outlet pipe 18, to collect the infiltration water flow and measure the infiltration rate.

[0029] A peristaltic pump 2 is installed in the constant-temperature heating water tank 1. One end of the water inlet pipe 3 is connected to the pump head at the output end of the peristaltic pump 2, and the other end passes through the central circular hole of the upper sealing cover 12 and connects to the nozzle 7. The constant-temperature heating water tank 1 supplies water to the soil layer inside the experimental soil column 4 through the nozzle 7. The constant-temperature heating water tank 11 is a rectangular water tank of 40×50×60cm, which can accurately regulate and maintain the soil temperature. The water tank is equipped with a temperature control module, which includes a heating rod. The heating rod can provide stable heating and create a stable temperature field. At the same time, the size of the water tank is moderate, which can reduce the space occupied and cost. Multiple temperature gradients are set according to experimental requirements. The water supply temperature is set by periodically heating with the heating rod. At the same time, the soil temperature is monitored in real time by reading the temperature sensor 10 under each temperature gradient to ensure the accuracy of temperature control. The peristaltic pump 2 can be set with different water output rates to simulate different water volume conditions and maintain a constant water flow rate to reduce experimental errors.

[0030] A flow meter 5 and a valve 13 are installed on the inlet pipe 3 to monitor the inlet water volume.

[0031] An insulation layer 9 is provided on the outer periphery of the shell, and the insulation layer 9 is filled with heat insulation material to avoid heat conduction between the soil layer and the surrounding environment and minimize external interference. An insulation layer 9 is also provided on the upper sealing cover 12 and the lower sealing cover 8 to further reduce external temperature interference.

[0032] The specific application process of this utility model is as follows: Start the constant temperature heating water tank 1, turn on the peristaltic pump 2, and under constant power, open valve 13 to allow water to flow into the soil filling layer at a constant speed through the inlet pipe 3, immersing the soil filling layer for 8 hours to maintain a stable soil moisture content. This can be observed and recorded in real time using the paperless recorder 15. Once the soil moisture content of each filling layer stabilizes, i.e., the error of each soil moisture display value is within 2%, the flow meter 5 can measure the inflow velocity. A measuring cylinder is used to collect water below the experimental soil column 4, and the flow velocity v is calculated using the formula (v = Q / t) based on the stable seepage flow rate and the test time t. After obtaining the inflow and outflow velocities, a comparison can be made to verify whether a stable seepage field has been achieved.

[0033] After ensuring a stable seepage field, the heating rod in the constant-temperature heating water tank 1 can be turned on. Multiple temperature gradients, such as 5℃, 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, and 25℃, can be set according to experimental requirements to maintain a stable temperature field. Since the upper sealing cover 12 is equipped with a shower-type nozzle, water can be evenly injected into the soil layer, simulating soil infiltration under different water volume conditions. The peristaltic pump 2 can be adjusted to simulate different water volume conditions. This allows for the precise construction of the initial soil temperature field and a stable seepage field required for the experiment.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0035] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A soil infiltration experimental device for simultaneous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients, characterized in that, include: A constant temperature heating water tank (1) is provided with a peristaltic pump (2) and a temperature control module. An experimental soil column (4) is connected to the peristaltic pump (2) via an inlet pipe (3), and a water collector (6) is connected to the bottom of the experimental soil column (4) via an outlet pipe (18). A plurality of temperature sensors (10) and a plurality of soil moisture sensors (11) are uniformly distributed along the height direction of the experimental soil column (4); The data acquisition unit is wired to several of the temperature sensors (10) and soil moisture sensors (11).

2. The soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental soil column (4) includes a shell and a soil layer. The soil layer fills the inside of the shell. Several temperature sensors (10) are evenly distributed on one side of the shell and are in contact with the soil layer. Several soil moisture sensors (11) are evenly distributed on the other side of the shell and are in contact with the soil layer. The top of the shell is provided with an upper sealing cover (12) and the bottom is provided with a lower sealing cover (8).

3. The soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients according to claim 2, characterized in that: A nozzle (7) is installed below the upper sealing cover (12), the nozzle (7) is located above the soil layer, and the nozzle (7) is connected to the water inlet pipe (3).

4. The soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower sealing cover (8) includes a first layer plate and a second layer plate. The first layer plate is fixedly connected to the second layer plate. The first layer plate is in contact with the soil layer below. The first layer plate has a plurality of first water outlet holes (16). The second layer plate has a second water outlet hole (17). The second water outlet hole (17) is connected to the water outlet pipe (18).

5. The soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit is a paperless recorder (15), which is wired to several of the temperature sensors (10) and soil moisture sensors (11).

6. The soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow meter (5) and a valve (13) are installed on the water inlet pipe (3).

7. The soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the shell is wrapped with an insulation layer (9).

8. The soil infiltration experimental device for synchronous monitoring of temperature and humidity gradients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collector (6) is a measuring cylinder, and the end of the water outlet pipe (18) extends into the measuring cylinder.

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