Ganoderma lucidum mushroom stick with multilayer film structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ganoderma lucidum stick with a multilayer film structure and belongs to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum planting devices. The mushroom stick is sequentially provided with a high-density antibacterial breathable layer, a humidifying buffer layer and a directional breathable functional layer from outside to inside, according to the high-density antibacterial breathable layer, honeycomb-shaped micropores are formed in a PE film through laser drilling, the pore diameter and the pitch of the micropores are gradually increased in a gradient mode in the axial direction of the mushroom stick, and exhaust from bottom to top is achieved through the COdensity difference. The humidity adjusting buffer layer is a composite hydrogel fiber net, vermiculite particles are loaded on the composite hydrogel fiber net to serve as a moisture absorbent, and when the internal humidity of the mushroom stick is too high, the humidity adjusting buffer layer absorbs excessive moisture; when the humidity is too low, water is released. The directional breathable functional layer is a degradable non-woven fabric, and three longitudinal breathable strips are arranged in the length direction of the mushroom stick at equal intervals. The strips are kept closed in the filament growth period, and the high-humidity and low-oxygen environment in the mushroom sticks is maintained; in the sporocarp expansion stage, the breathable strips are torn out, oxygen in the mushroom sticks is replaced through the three notches, and the oxygen flow reaches 50%-70%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of Ganoderma lucidum cultivation devices, specifically relating to a Ganoderma lucidum spawn stick with a multi-layer membrane structure. Background Technology

[0002] Reishi mushroom sticks are the core substrate for the artificial cultivation of Reishi mushrooms. They are typically made by encapsulating nutrient materials such as sawdust and wheat bran in a plastic film before inoculating them with Reishi mushroom spawn, providing a substrate and nutrient source for the growth of Reishi. However, existing Reishi mushroom sticks have the following problems: an imbalance between the air permeability and moisture retention of the encapsulation material; excessive sealing of traditional plastic films leads to internal CO2 accumulation and insufficient oxygen; moreover, Reishi's oxygen and humidity requirements vary at different growth stages. For example, the mycelial stage requires low oxygen and high humidity, while the fruiting body stage requires high oxygen and moderate humidity. However, ordinary plastic films cannot regulate the oxygen and humidity according to the different growth stages of Reishi, which can easily lead to inhibition of mycelial respiration, create a high temperature and high humidity environment, breed miscellaneous bacteria, and easily cause deformed fruiting bodies. Furthermore, Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, and based on the different oxygen and humidity requirements of Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages, this invention provides a Ganoderma lucidum spawn stick with a multi-layer membrane structure, which enables dynamic control of the gas exchange rate while preventing the invasion of other microorganisms.

[0004] The Ganoderma lucidum spawn with a multi-layer membrane structure is characterized by the following: a high-density antibacterial and breathable layer, a moisture-regulating buffer layer, and a directional breathable functional layer are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside; the high-density antibacterial and breathable layer is formed by laser perforation of a PE membrane to create honeycomb-like micropores, with the pore size and spacing gradually increasing along the axial direction of the spawn, starting from 50 μm at the top. The pore size gradually increases to 100μm at the bottom, with the pore spacing gradually increasing from 1mm to 3mm, and a nano-silica coating is sprayed onto the PE film surface; the humidity-regulating buffer layer is a composite hydrogel fiber mesh loaded with vermiculite particles as a moisture absorbent, wrapped inside the high-density antibacterial film, with a thickness of 2mm and a mesh spacing of 5mm; the high-density antibacterial breathable layer and the humidity-regulating buffer layer have holes with caps at the top; the directional breathable functional layer is a biodegradable nonwoven fabric with three longitudinal breathable strips evenly arranged along the length of the mushroom stick, and the breathable strips can be separated from the nonwoven fabric by tearing, with the top of the breathable strips passing through the holes at the top of the high-density antibacterial breathable layer and the humidity-regulating buffer layer; chitosan silver ion slow-release microparticles are attached to the inner surface of the nonwoven fabric, and the directional breathable functional layer is filled with nutrient substrate.

[0005] Furthermore, the composite hydrogel fiber network is made of a sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol composite.

[0006] Furthermore, the width of the breathable strip is 1 cm.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The high-density antibacterial and breathable layer utilizes the CO2 density difference to achieve bottom-up air exhaust; the nano-silica coating can form a lotus leaf effect, preventing external moisture from seeping in and causing pollution, and can also block airborne bacterial spores while allowing gas to diffuse slowly. When the humidity inside the mushroom log is too high, the humidity-regulating buffer layer absorbs excess moisture; when the humidity is too low, it releases moisture. During the mycelial growth stage, the strips remain closed, and the non-woven fabric remains intact, maintaining a high-humidity, low-oxygen environment inside the mushroom log; during the primordia differentiation stage, the pore cover is opened and a breathable strip is manually torn out before the pore cover is replaced, forming a breathable strip to increase oxygen supply and induce primordia formation; during the fruiting body expansion stage, the remaining two breathable strips are torn out, allowing oxygen inside the mushroom log to be replaced through three gaps, with an oxygen flow rate reaching 50%-70%. Chitosan silver ion slow-release microparticles are incorporated into the inner layer of the non-woven fabric to release antibacterial components, and the torn breathable strips prevent contamination at the openings. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Ganoderma lucidum spawn with a multi-layered membrane structure.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a high-density antibacterial and breathable layer structure.

[0010] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the humidity-regulating buffer layer structure.

[0011] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the directional breathable functional layer structure.

[0012] The components are: 1-High-density antibacterial and breathable layer, 2-Moisture-regulating and buffering layer, 21-Vermiculite particles, 3-Directional breathable functional layer, 31-Breathable strip, 4-Pore cap, 5-Nutritional base material. Detailed Implementation

[0013] Example 1: A Ganoderma lucidum spawn with a multi-layer membrane structure, consisting of a high-density antibacterial and breathable layer 1, a moisture-regulating buffer layer 2, and a directional breathable functional layer 3 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The high-density antibacterial and breathable layer 1 is formed by laser perforation of a PE membrane to create honeycomb-like micropores. The pore size and spacing gradually increase along the axial direction of the spawn, with the pore size gradually increasing from 50 μm at the top to 100 μm at the bottom, and the pore spacing gradually increasing from 1 mm to 3 mm. A nano-silica coating is sprayed onto the surface of the PE membrane. The moisture-regulating buffer layer 2 is a composite hydrogel fiber mesh made of sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol, on which vermiculite particles 21 are loaded as a hygroscopic agent. It is wrapped inside the high-density antibacterial membrane 1, with a thickness of 2 mm and a mesh spacing of 5 mm. The high-density antibacterial breathable layer 1 and the moisture-regulating buffer layer 2 have holes and hole covers 4 on the top. The directional breathable functional layer 3 is a biodegradable non-woven fabric with three longitudinal breathable strips 31 with a width of 1 cm arranged equidistantly along the length of the mushroom stick. The breathable strips 31 can be separated from the non-woven fabric by tearing. The top of the breathable strips 31 passes through the holes opened on the top of the high-density antibacterial breathable layer 1 and the moisture-regulating buffer layer 2. Chitosan silver ion slow-release microparticles are attached to the inner surface of the non-woven fabric. After the directional breathable functional layer 3 is filled with nutrient substrate 5, the three layers are sealed by heat sealing.

[0014] The high-density antibacterial and breathable layer 1 utilizes the CO2 density difference to achieve bottom-up air exhaust. The nano-silica coating creates a lotus leaf effect, preventing external moisture from seeping in and causing contamination, while also blocking airborne bacterial spores and allowing slow gas diffusion. When the humidity inside the substrate is too high, the humidity-regulating buffer layer 2 absorbs excess moisture; when the humidity is too low, it releases moisture. During the mycelial growth stage, the non-woven fabric remains intact, maintaining a high-humidity, low-oxygen environment inside the substrate. During the primordia differentiation stage, a breathable strip 31 is manually torn out by opening the pore cover 4 and then replaced with the pore cover, forming a breathable strip to increase oxygen supply and induce primordia formation. During the fruiting body expansion stage, the remaining two breathable strips 31 are torn out, allowing oxygen inside the substrate to be replaced through the three gaps, achieving an oxygen flow rate of 50%-70%. Chitosan silver ion slow-release microparticles are incorporated into the inner layer of the non-woven fabric to release antibacterial components, and the torn breathable strips 31 prevent contamination at the openings.

Claims

1. Ganoderma lucidum mushroom bar having a multilayer film structure, characterized by: From the outside to the inside, a high-density antibacterial and breathable layer, a moisture-regulating buffer layer, and a directional breathable functional layer are sequentially arranged. The high-density antibacterial and breathable layer is formed by laser perforation of a PE film to create honeycomb-like micropores. The pore size and pore spacing gradually increase along the axial direction of the mushroom stick, with the pore size gradually increasing from 50μm at the top to 100μm at the bottom, and the pore spacing gradually increasing from 1mm to 3mm. A nano-silica coating is sprayed onto the surface of the PE film. The moisture-regulating buffer layer is a composite hydrogel fiber mesh loaded with vermiculite particles as a moisture absorbent, wrapped inside the high-density antibacterial film, with a thickness of 2mm and a mesh spacing of 5mm. The high-density antibacterial and breathable layer and the moisture-regulating buffer layer have holes and pore covers at the top. The directional breathable functional layer is a biodegradable non-woven fabric with three longitudinal breathable strips evenly arranged along the length of the mushroom stick. The breathable strips can be separated from the non-woven fabric by tearing, and the top of the breathable strips protrudes through the holes at the top of the high-density antibacterial and breathable layer and the moisture-regulating buffer layer. Chitosan silver ion slow-release microparticles are attached to the inner surface of the nonwoven fabric, and the directional breathable functional layer is filled with nutrient base material.

2. The Ganoderma lucidum mushroom stick having a multi-layer film structure according to claim 1, wherein The width of the breathable strip is 1 cm.

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