A fixture for a plate-shaped workpiece

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of machining mechanical parts, and more particularly to a fixture for plate-shaped workpieces, including a support platform and a clamping mechanism disposed on the support platform. The clamping mechanism includes: a first clamping assembly for clamping the edge of the plate-shaped workpiece and a second clamping assembly for abutting the bottom of the workpiece. The first clamping assembly includes: a first clamping cylinder, a first clamping block, and a rotating shaft. The first clamping block is arranged parallel to the platform surface of the support platform. The first clamping cylinder is vertically fixed to the platform surface of the support platform. The piston rod of the first clamping cylinder is connected to the first clamping block through the rotating shaft, so that the first clamping block can rotate bidirectionally around the shaft while rising and falling. The initial position of the first clamping block is set along the length direction of the platform surface of the support platform, and the angle formed by bidirectional rotation is 45°. This structure can adjust the clamping position of the clamping component on the plate-shaped mold, increase the clamping contact area between the clamping component and the edge of the plate-shaped mold, thereby enhancing the clamping stability of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of machining, and in particular to a fixture for plate-shaped workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] Fixtures play a crucial role in modern manufacturing, serving as key devices for fixing, positioning, clamping, or supporting workpieces and semi-finished products. Their applications are extremely wide-ranging, from automotive manufacturing to aerospace. By fixing and positioning workpieces, fixtures not only significantly improve production efficiency but also ensure the accuracy and consistency of the machining process. With the continuous development of machining technology, fixture design is constantly innovating to adapt to increasingly complex and diverse machining needs. Especially in multi-axis CNC machining, the need to handle workpieces of various shapes and sizes places higher demands on the versatility, stability, and flexibility of fixtures, making them one of the core tools for improving machining quality and efficiency. Currently, industrial workpieces are diverse, encompassing various materials such as metals, plastics, and composite materials. Among these, plastic workpieces are mostly used as molds. Due to the smooth surface of plastic, slippage easily occurs during clamping, leading to insufficient clamping stability. Existing fixtures typically include clamping components for holding workpieces and rotating components that allow the workpieces to be rotated for multi-angle machining. The workpiece is placed on a support, and then the clamping components abut against the edges of the enclosure to clamp and fix the mold. Although the above method can achieve workpiece clamping to a certain extent, there are still problems in practical applications.

[0003] Especially for plate-shaped molds formed by multiple plate-like structures, the edges of the plates are not flat straight lines. For example, the edges of the plates may be straight lines with grooves and protrusions, or curved designs with grooves and protrusions. For this type of plate-shaped mold, due to the unevenness of the plate edges, the clamping parts of the fixture do not fit well with the edges of the plates, resulting in a small actual contact area between the clamping parts and the edges of the plates. This leads to the workpiece easily loosening during clamping. Therefore, how to increase the clamping contact area between the clamping parts of the fixture and the edges of the plate-shaped mold by improving the clamping method and improving the clamping stability of the fixture has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to adjust the clamping position of the clamping component on the plate mold and increase the clamping contact area between the clamping component and the edge of the plate mold, thereby enhancing the clamping stability of the workpiece, this application provides a clamping fixture for plate workpieces.

[0005] The fixture for a plate-shaped workpiece provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A clamp for a plate-shaped workpiece includes a support platform for placing the workpiece and a clamping mechanism for holding the workpiece. The clamping mechanism is disposed on the platform surface of the support platform. The clamping mechanism includes a first clamping component for clamping the edge of the plate-shaped workpiece and a second clamping component for abutting the bottom of the workpiece. Both the first clamping component and the second clamping component are disposed on the platform surface of the support platform. The first clamping component is rotatable along the platform surface of the support platform. The first clamping component includes a first clamping cylinder, a first clamping block, and a rotating shaft. The first clamping block is disposed parallel to the platform surface of the support platform. The first clamping cylinder is vertically fixed to the platform surface of the support platform. The piston rod of the first clamping cylinder is connected to the first clamping block through the rotating shaft, so that the first clamping block can rotate bidirectionally around the shaft while being raised and lowered. The initial position of the first clamping block is disposed along the length direction of the platform surface of the support platform and above the plate-shaped workpiece. The angle formed by bidirectional rotation is 45°. The first clamping cylinder drives the first clamping block to press down on the plate-shaped workpiece.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the first clamping cylinder in the first clamping assembly drives the first clamping block to press down on the plate-shaped workpiece, while the first clamping block rotates bidirectionally during the lifting process via a rotating shaft. This design allows the first clamping block to not only vertically press down on the workpiece to provide clamping force, but also to adaptively adjust according to the shape of the plate-shaped workpiece's edge. When the first clamping block rotates around the shaft, its contact angle with the workpiece edge changes, thereby effectively increasing the actual contact area between the clamping block and the workpiece edge. Especially when dealing with complex edge structures with grooves and protrusions, the bidirectional rotation function of the first clamping block ensures that it always maintains a good fit with the workpiece edge, avoiding loosening due to insufficient contact area. In addition, the initial position of the first clamping block is set along the length of the support table surface and above the plate-shaped workpiece. This arrangement further ensures the stability and accuracy of the clamping operation. The angles formed by the bidirectional rotation are both 45°, ensuring that the clamping block can stably clamp within this rotation range. Through the above design, the fixture significantly improves the clamping stability of plate-shaped workpieces and meets the requirements for fixture versatility and flexibility in multi-axis CNC machining.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the first clamping components is three, wherein two of the first clamping components are disposed on one side of the plate-shaped workpiece, and the other first clamping component is disposed on the other side of the plate-shaped workpiece.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the number of first clamping components is set to three, and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the plate-shaped workpiece. Specifically, two first clamping components are set on one side of the plate-shaped workpiece, and one first clamping component is set on the other side. This asymmetrical layout can effectively adapt to the edge structures of plate-shaped workpieces of different shapes and sizes. When the workpiece is placed on the support platform, the two first clamping components on one side can simultaneously clamp the same edge of the workpiece, increasing the uniform distribution of clamping force through synergy, thereby avoiding workpiece displacement or loosening caused by uneven force at a single point. The single first clamping component on the other side can flexibly adjust its clamping position according to the specific shape of the workpiece, ensuring a wider clamping range. Furthermore, this layout can reduce the number of unnecessary clamping components while ensuring clamping stability, thus reducing the overall complexity and manufacturing cost of the fixture. In summary, this design not only improves the adaptability of the fixture to workpieces with complex edge structures but also significantly enhances the stability and reliability during the clamping process.

[0010] Preferably, the first clamping cylinders of the two first clamping assemblies located on one side of the plate-shaped workpiece are connected.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the first clamping cylinders of the two first clamping assemblies located on the same side of the plate-shaped workpiece are connected, enabling the two first clamping cylinders to operate synchronously. When one of the first clamping cylinders drives its corresponding first clamping block to press down on the plate-shaped workpiece, the other first clamping cylinder will also generate the same pressure synchronously, thereby ensuring that the two first clamping blocks act on the edge of the plate-shaped workpiece with the same force. This design not only improves the stability of the clamping process but also avoids the problem of workpiece tilting or deformation caused by uneven pressure on both sides. In addition, since the pressure of the two first clamping cylinders is balanced, the force on the overall structure of the fixture is more uniform, further enhancing the reliability of clamping. Therefore, this method can effectively improve the clamping effect of the fixture on plate-shaped workpieces, especially suitable for plate-shaped workpieces with uneven edges, significantly reducing the risk of workpiece loosening during processing.

[0012] Preferably, the first clamping block has a flat rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first clamping block is designed as a flat cuboid structure, which can significantly increase the contact area with the edge of the plate-shaped workpiece. Specifically, the wide surface of the flat cuboid structure can better conform to different shapes of the workpiece edge, providing more stable support for both straight edges and curved edges with grooves and protrusions.

[0014] Preferably, the first clamping block with a flat rectangular structure has a downwardly extending abutment portion at one end near the plate-shaped workpiece. When the first clamping block is rotated to adjust the contact position between the first clamping block and the plate-shaped workpiece, the abutment portion forms an angle with the first clamping block and abuts against the inner wall of the plate-shaped workpiece.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the first clamping block is designed as a flat rectangular parallelepiped structure, with a downward-extending abutment at its end near the plate-shaped workpiece, forming an angle with the first clamping block. When it is necessary to adjust the contact position between the first clamping block and the plate-shaped workpiece, the angle can be adjusted by rotating the first clamping block. Due to the presence of the abutment, the angle formed between it and the first clamping block can better adapt to the grooves or protrusions on the edge of the plate-shaped workpiece. This design not only increases the contact area between the first clamping block and the plate-shaped workpiece, but also allows the clamping force to be distributed more evenly on the workpiece surface, thereby effectively avoiding loosening caused by insufficient contact area. In addition, the design of the abutment abutting against the inner wall of the plate-shaped workpiece further enhances the stability of the fixture, ensuring that the workpiece remains fixed during multi-angle machining, significantly improving the reliability of clamping and machining accuracy.

[0016] Preferably, the angle formed between the abutment portion and the first clamping block is in the range of 75°-125°.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the first clamping block is provided with a stop portion, and the stop portion forms an angle with the first clamping block. When it is necessary to adjust the contact position between the first clamping block and the plate-shaped workpiece, the stop portion can fit tightly against the inner wall of the plate-shaped workpiece. Since the angle range between the stop portion and the first clamping block is set to 75°-125°, this angle range has been precisely calculated to ensure clamping stability while adapting to the edges of plate-shaped workpieces of different shapes. Specifically, too small an angle will result in insufficient clamping force, while too large an angle may reduce clamping accuracy. Therefore, by limiting the angle range to 75°-125°, not only can the actual contact area between the clamping block and the workpiece edge be effectively increased, but also the uniform force during the clamping process can be ensured, thereby significantly improving the clamping stability of the fixture for the plate-shaped workpiece and reducing the risk of workpiece loosening during processing.

[0018] Preferably, the contact surface between the abutment portion and the plate-shaped workpiece is provided with an anti-slip coating.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first clamping block rotates to adjust its contact position with the plate-shaped workpiece, the abutment portion can abut against the inner wall of the plate-shaped workpiece. Because an angle is formed between the abutment portion and the first clamping block, this structural design allows the fixture to better adapt to the complex shape of the plate-shaped workpiece's edge during clamping, increasing the clamping fit and stability. Furthermore, by applying an anti-slip coating to the contact surface between the abutment portion and the plate-shaped workpiece, the friction between the abutment portion and the workpiece can be significantly improved. This is because during processing, the workpiece may be subjected to cutting forces or other external forces, making it prone to slippage or loosening. The presence of the anti-slip coating effectively reduces this risk, ensuring the stability of the workpiece in the clamped state, thereby improving processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0020] Preferably, the second clamping assembly includes a second clamping block and a second clamping cylinder. The second clamping cylinder is disposed on the platform of the support table. The piston rod of the second clamping cylinder passes through the support table and slides in cooperation with the support table. The piston rod of the second clamping cylinder is used to support the bottom of the workpiece.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the second clamping cylinder in the second clamping assembly is set on the platform of the support table, and its piston rod passes through the support table and slides in cooperation with it. This design allows the second clamping cylinder to precisely control the lifting and lowering of the second clamping block. When the piston rod extends, the second clamping block rises accordingly, providing sufficient operating space for placing or removing the workpiece; when the piston rod retracts, the second clamping block descends and abuts against the bottom of the workpiece, achieving stable support for the workpiece. Since the piston rod and the support table are in a sliding cooperation, this structure not only ensures the smoothness of movement but also effectively avoids clamping instability caused by piston rod deviation. At the same time, the piston rod of the second clamping cylinder is directly used to support the bottom of the workpiece. This design further enhances the support force of the fixture on the workpiece, especially when processing plate-shaped workpieces with irregular edges, which can significantly improve the stability of clamping and prevent the workpiece from loosening or shifting during processing.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The first clamping assembly drives the first clamping block to rise and fall and rotate bidirectionally around an axis via a first clamping cylinder. This design allows the first clamping block to flexibly adjust its angle according to the specific shape of the workpiece edge while pressing down on the plate-shaped workpiece. Since the first clamping block can rotate bidirectionally to form a maximum angle range of 45°, it can better adapt to the grooves, protrusions, or curves of the plate-shaped workpiece edge. Compared to traditional fixed-angle clamping methods, this method significantly increases the actual contact area between the first clamping block and the workpiece edge, thereby effectively improving clamping stability.

[0024] 2. The number and layout of the first clamping components have been optimized, with two cooperating first clamping components on one side and one independent first clamping component on the other side. This layout not only allows for clamping of plate-shaped workpieces from multiple directions but also enables synchronous adjustment of clamping force through connected cylinders, ensuring uniform distribution of clamping force. This multi-point clamping method further reduces the risk of workpiece loosening during processing, especially when handling plate-shaped workpieces with complex edge contours; 3. The second clamping component uses a second clamping cylinder to drive a second clamping block to support the bottom of the workpiece, forming a top-to-bottom clamping method with the first clamping component. This method not only firmly fixes the workpiece on the support table but also effectively prevents displacement or tilting of the workpiece during multi-axis CNC machining. The first clamping component is responsible for clamping the edges of the workpiece, while the second clamping component is responsible for supporting the bottom of the workpiece. The two work together to ensure the stability and positioning accuracy of the workpiece during processing. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixture for a plate-shaped workpiece according to this application.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1. Support platform; 2. Clamping mechanism; 21. First clamping assembly; 22. Second clamping assembly; 211. First clamping cylinder; 212. First clamping block; 213. Rotating shaft; 221. Second clamping block; 222. Second clamping cylinder; a. Abutment part. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 This application will be described in further detail.

[0029] This application provides a fixture for a plate-shaped workpiece, referring to... Figure 1 It consists of a support platform 1 and a clamping mechanism 2, with the clamping mechanism 2 mounted on the surface of the support platform 1.

[0030] The clamping mechanism 2 consists of a first clamping assembly 21 and a second clamping assembly 22. In this embodiment, there are three first clamping assemblies 21 and one second clamping assembly 22. Two of the first clamping assemblies 21 are located on one side of the plate-shaped workpiece, while the other first clamping assembly 21 is located on the other side, achieving three-point positioning and forming a stable triangular structure. Each first clamping assembly 21 can rotate along the surface of the support platform 1, allowing for flexible adjustment of the clamping position and further improving clamping stability. Specifically, the first clamping assembly 21 consists of a first clamping cylinder 211, a first clamping block 212, and a rotating shaft 213. The first clamping block 212 is arranged parallel to the surface of the support platform 1, and the first clamping cylinder 211 is vertically fixed to the surface of the support platform 1. The piston rod of the first clamping cylinder 211 is connected to the first clamping block 212 via the rotating shaft 213. The first clamping cylinder 211 can be a single-acting cylinder or a double-acting cylinder. A single-acting cylinder uses compressed air to extend the piston rod and relies on spring force to retract it; a double-acting cylinder uses compressed air to control the extension and retraction of the piston rod separately. The first clamping cylinders 211 of the two first clamping assemblies 21 located on one side of the plate-shaped workpiece are connected to achieve synchronous lifting and lowering, improving clamping stability.

[0031] Furthermore, the first clamping block 212 rotates in both directions at 45° angles. When the first clamping block 212 is installed, its initial position is set along the length of the support platform 1 and perpendicular to the piston rod. The first clamping block 212 can rotate left and right around the pivot along the width of the support platform 1. The two extreme positions of the rotation are 90° apart, meaning that the rotation range of the first clamping block 212 is 90°. This allows for flexible adjustment of the clamping position to increase the clamping area and improve clamping stability.

[0032] Specifically, the first clamping block 212 has a flat rectangular parallelepiped structure, with a downwardly extending abutment a at one end near the plate-shaped workpiece. The abutment a forms an angle with the first clamping block 212 and abuts against the inner wall of the plate-shaped workpiece. When the first clamping block 212 is in its initial position, the abutment a does not abut against the inner wall of the plate-shaped workpiece. When the first clamping block 212 is rotated to adjust the contact position with the plate-shaped workpiece to 45°, the abutment a abuts against the inner wall of the plate-shaped workpiece. The angle formed between the abutment a and the first clamping block 212 ranges from 75° to 125°. This design effectively increases the contact area between the first clamping block 212 and the edge of the plate-shaped workpiece, improving clamping stability. Furthermore, the contact surface between the abutment a and the plate-shaped workpiece is provided with an anti-slip coating, which can be made of rubber or nylon material, to further improve clamping stability. Specifically, the second clamping assembly 22 consists of 221 and a second clamping cylinder 222. The second clamping cylinder 222 is disposed on the platform of the support table 1. The piston rod of the second clamping cylinder 222 passes through the support table 1 and slides in cooperation with it. The piston rod of the second clamping cylinder 222 is used to support the bottom of the workpiece. The structural features of the second clamping cylinder 222 are similar to those of the first clamping cylinder 211, and the user can select the appropriate cylinder type according to actual needs. In addition, the shape of 221 can be designed according to the shape of the bottom of the workpiece to achieve a better support effect.

[0033] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: The first clamping assembly 21 drives the first clamping block 212 to press down on the plate-shaped workpiece through the first clamping cylinder 211, and realizes the bidirectional rotation of the first clamping block 212 through the rotating shaft 213, thereby adjusting the contact position between the first clamping block 212 and the plate-shaped workpiece. There are three first clamping assemblies 21, with two first clamping assemblies 21 located on one side of the plate-shaped workpiece and the other first clamping assembly 21 located on the other side. This design enables multi-point clamping of the plate-shaped workpiece. The first clamping cylinders 211 of the two first clamping assemblies 21 located on one side of the plate-shaped workpiece are connected. This design enables the synchronous action of the two first clamping assemblies 21, ensuring the stability of the clamping process. The second clamping assembly 22 supports the bottom of the workpiece through the second clamping cylinder 222, thereby achieving omnidirectional clamping of the plate-shaped workpiece. This design can effectively increase the contact area between the clamping component and the edge of the plate-shaped workpiece, improve clamping stability, and solve the problem of poor clamping stability of existing fixtures when clamping plate-shaped workpieces with complex edge contours.

[0034] The above are preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A fixture for a plate-shaped workpiece, characterized by, It includes a support platform (1) for placing workpieces and a clamping mechanism (2) for clamping workpieces, wherein the clamping mechanism (2) is disposed on the table surface of the support platform (1); The clamping mechanism (2) includes: a first clamping component (21) for clamping the edge of a plate-shaped workpiece and a second clamping component (22) for abutting the bottom of the workpiece. The first clamping component (21) and the second clamping component (22) are both disposed on the table surface of the support platform (1). The first clamping component (21) can rotate along the table surface direction of the support platform (1). The first clamping assembly (21) includes: a first clamping cylinder (211), a first clamping block (212), and a rotating shaft (213); The first clamping block (212) is arranged parallel to the table surface of the support platform (1). The first clamping cylinder (211) is vertically fixed to the table surface of the support platform (1). The piston rod of the first clamping cylinder (211) is connected to the first clamping block (212) through the rotating shaft (213) so that the first clamping block (212) can rotate bidirectionally around the shaft while it is raised and lowered. The initial position of the first clamping block (212) is set along the length direction of the table surface of the support platform (1) and located above the plate-shaped workpiece. The angle formed by the bidirectional rotation is 45°. The first clamping cylinder (211) drives the first clamping block (212) to press down the plate-shaped workpiece.

2. A fixture for sheet workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the first clamping components (21) is three, two of which are disposed on one side of the plate-shaped workpiece, and the other is disposed on the other side of the plate-shaped workpiece.

3. A fixture for sheet workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that The first clamping cylinders (211) of the two first clamping assemblies (21) located on one side of the plate-shaped workpiece are connected.

4. The fixture for sheet workpieces according to claim 1, wherein The first clamping block (212) is a flat rectangular parallelepiped structure.

5. A fixture for sheet workpieces according to claim 4, characterized in that The first clamping block (212) with a flat rectangular structure extends downward at one end near the plate-shaped workpiece and is provided with a stop part (a). When the first clamping block (212) is rotated to adjust the contact position between the first clamping block (212) and the plate-shaped workpiece, the stop part (a) forms an angle with the first clamping block (212) and abuts against the inner wall of the plate-shaped workpiece.

6. A fixture for sheet workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that The angle between the abutment (a) and the first clamping block (212) is 75°-125°.

7. The fixture for sheet workpieces according to claim 5, wherein The contact surface between the abutment part (a) and the plate-shaped workpiece is provided with an anti-slip coating.

8. The fixture for sheet workpieces according to claim 1, wherein The second clamping assembly (22) includes a second clamping block (221) and a second clamping cylinder (222). The second clamping cylinder (222) is disposed on the table surface of the support platform (1). The piston rod of the second clamping cylinder (222) passes through the support platform (1) and slides with the support platform (1). The piston rod of the second clamping cylinder (222) is used to support the bottom of the workpiece.

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