Agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to an agricultural planting water and fertilizer integration irrigation equipment, including mixing jar, filter water tank and parallel fertilizer barrel. Mixing jar top is equipped with feed pipe and water inlet pipe, bottom is equipped with liquid outlet pipe, jar inside transverse axis arrangement stirring rod, pole body evenly sets up stirring vane, and stirring rod is by drive motor through pulley and V type belt drive. Filter water tank is located below mixing jar, and top is connected through flange lower water pipe, and the box is equipped with annular laminated hollow cylindrical filter core, and the filter core center extends and connects the drain pipe of irrigation water pipe. Equipment integrated control box is based on water flowmeter data and preset proportion adjustment drive motor rotating speed, simultaneously through EC sensor and pH sensor real -time feedback, adopts fuzzy PID algorithm dynamic adjustment stirring intensity or acid -base pump flow. The utility model realizes that the liquid fertilizer is mixed evenly, is filtered efficiently and is controlled accurately in EC / pH precision closed loop, thoroughly puts an end to liquid fertilizer reflux, and is convenient for the user of farmer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural irrigation technology, specifically relating to an integrated irrigation device for agricultural planting using water and fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional agricultural irrigation systems, integrated water and fertilizer equipment generally suffers from defects such as uneven mixing, low filtration efficiency, and insufficient automation. Existing equipment mostly uses a single stirring structure, leading to fertilizer solution sedimentation and concentration stratification; screen filters are easily clogged by solid particles, requiring frequent cleaning; fertilizer supply relies on manual switching of tanks, making precise multi-component mixing impossible; and there is a lack of real-time dynamic control of conductivity (EC value) and pH value, causing fertilizer solution composition to deviate from crop requirements. Furthermore, unreasonable pipeline design easily leads to fertilizer solution backflow and contamination, and the response delay of mechanical valves further reduces control accuracy. Although some equipment incorporates sensor monitoring, a closed-loop feedback mechanism is not established, and the adjustment algorithm is simple, making it difficult to cope with complex operating conditions such as water quality fluctuations and changes in fertilizer solubility, ultimately affecting crop absorption efficiency and increasing resource waste.

[0003] Especially in the cultivation of high-value cash crops, the aforementioned defects can lead to problems such as seedling burn and nutrient imbalance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an integrated device with real-time closed-loop control, efficient filtration, and homogenization mixing capabilities. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the problems in the background art, this utility model provides an integrated irrigation equipment for agricultural planting with water and fertilizer.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] An integrated irrigation system for agricultural planting, comprising:

[0007] The mixing tank has a feed pipe on the top left, a water inlet pipe on the top right, and a liquid outlet pipe at the bottom center. Inside the tank, there is a stirring rod arranged along a horizontal axis. The surface of the stirring rod is evenly covered with stirring blades. One end of the stirring rod extends through the tank wall and is fixed by a bearing. The extended end is connected to a transmission pulley. The stirring rod is driven by a drive motor through a motor pulley and a V-belt.

[0008] The filter tank is located directly below the mixing tank. The interior is a sealed cavity, and a drain pipe is provided on its top edge, which is connected to the liquid outlet pipe through a flange. The tank contains an annular stacked hollow cylindrical filter element, and a drain pipe extends from the bottom center of the filter element, which is connected to the irrigation water pipe.

[0009] Multiple fertilizer tanks are connected in parallel and connected to the feed pipe via infusion pipes. The main trunk of the infusion pipe is equipped with a check valve, and each fertilizer tank and infusion pipe is equipped with a pipe valve.

[0010] Furthermore, a support base is installed at the bottom of the mixing tank, and a control box is installed on the support base. The control box is connected to a drive motor, an outlet valve located on the drain pipe, a water flow meter, an EC sensor, a pH sensor, and an inlet valve located on the inlet pipe.

[0011] The control box is configured as follows:

[0012] The theoretical fertilizer solution flow rate is calculated based on the water flow meter data and preset ratio. The speed of the drive motor is adjusted, and the speed of the drive motor or the acid-base pump is dynamically adjusted based on the deviation between the feedback values ​​of the EC sensor and pH sensor and the target value.

[0013] Furthermore, each connection node between the fertilizer tank and the infusion pipe is equipped with an electromagnetic valve, and each valve is independently controlled by the control box.

[0014] Furthermore, the check valve on the main infusion tube is a hydraulically driven one-way valve to prevent fertilizer solution from flowing back into the fertilizer tank.

[0015] Furthermore, when the control box performs EC and pH closed-loop control, it operates according to the following logic:

[0016] Obtain real-time detection values ​​from the EC sensor and pH sensor;

[0017] Calculate the deviation and gradient between the detected value and the target value;

[0018] The fuzzy PID algorithm is used to generate drive motor speed correction commands or acid / alkali pump flow commands.

[0019] Furthermore, the hollow cylindrical filter element is composed of multiple layers of stacked annular filter screens. The liquid water permeates and filters from the outside of the filter element to the center before entering the drain pipe.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] This invention significantly improves the synergistic effect of water and fertilizer management by integrating intelligent control and modular structure.

[0022] (1) Optimization of mixing uniformity: The horizontal axis stirring rod, combined with the uniformly distributed stirring blades, forms a vortex flow field under the drive motor via V-belt transmission, which thoroughly dissolves the fertilizer and prevents sedimentation;

[0023] (2) Anti-clogging and high-efficiency filtration: The annular stacked hollow cylindrical filter element uses a multi-layer filter screen stacking structure to achieve gradient penetration from the outside to the inside, intercepting impurities while maintaining high flow rate and extending the maintenance cycle;

[0024] (3) Precise ratio control: The control box calculates the theoretical fertilizer solution flow rate based on the water flow meter data, controls the stirring intensity by adjusting the speed of the drive motor, and combines the real-time feedback of the EC sensor and pH sensor. The fuzzy PID algorithm is used to dynamically correct the speed or drive the acid and alkali pump to ensure that the EC / pH value is stable within the target range.

[0025] (4) Multi-channel intelligent fertilizer supply: The parallel fertilizer tanks are opened and closed as needed by independent electromagnetic pipe valves, and the hydraulically driven check valve prevents backflow, so as to realize the precise sequential addition of multi-component fertilizer solution. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the device of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the device of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a partial sectional view of the mixing tank of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a partial sectional view of the filter tank of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer bucket structure of this utility model;

[0032] 1-Mixing tank, 11-Feed pipe, 12-Water inlet pipe, 13-Liquid outlet pipe, 14-Agitator rod, 141-Drive pulley, 15-Agitator blade, 16-Bearing, 17-Drive motor, 171-Motor pulley, 172-V-belt, 18-Support base; 2-Filter water tank, 21-Drain pipe, 22-Cavity, 23-Filter element, 24-Drain pipe; 3-Fertilizer tank, 31-Pipe valve (electromagnetic type), 32-Liquid delivery pipe, 33-Check valve; 4-Control box, 41-Water outlet valve, 42-Water flow meter, 43-EC sensor, 44-pH sensor, 45-Water inlet valve. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 This embodiment provides a basic implementation method.

[0036] The mixing tank 1 is fixed to the ground by a support base 18. Its feed pipe 11 is connected to three delivery pipes 32 via a tee connector. Each delivery pipe 32 is connected to a fertilizer tank 3 containing nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer, respectively. The main branch of the delivery pipe 32 is equipped with a hydraulically driven check valve 33, and each branch is equipped with a solenoid valve 31. The water inlet pipe 12 is connected to an external water source and is equipped with a water inlet valve 45.

[0037] Work process:

[0038] Fertilizer mixing stage: Control box 4 calls the preset formula according to crop type (e.g., N:P:K = 3:1:2) and opens the corresponding pipe valve 31 of fertilizer tank 3. Nitrogen fertilizer tank pipe valve 31 is opened to 50%, phosphate fertilizer tank to 30%, and potassium fertilizer tank to 40%. Fertilizer solution enters mixing tank 1 through feed pipe 11, and at the same time, water inlet valve 45 is opened, with the water-to-fertilizer mass ratio being 100:1.

[0039] Mixing control: The drive motor 17 drives the stirring rod 14 through the motor pulley 171 and the V-belt 172. The stirring blades 15 generate radial vortices, which make the fertilizer solution evenly mixed within 30 seconds.

[0040] Intelligent adjustment: The mixed liquid enters the cavity 22 of the filter tank 2 through the outlet pipe 13 and the drain pipe 21 connected to the flange. The EC sensor 43 detects that the conductivity of the fertilizer solution is 2.8 mS / cm, and the control box 4 starts the fuzzy PID algorithm:

[0041] Calculate the deviation of 0.3 mS / cm and the gradient of change of 0.1 mS / cm·s. -1 The command generates an instruction to reduce the speed of the drive motor 17 to 100 r / min, weaken the stirring intensity to reduce fertilizer dissolution, and simultaneously reduce the opening of the nitrogen fertilizer tank valve 31 to 40%.

[0042] Filtration output: The fertilizer solution permeates from the outside of the filter element 23 to the center in a gradient, with an impurity rejection rate of >98%. The filtered liquid is output through the drain pipe 24, and the water flow meter 42 provides real-time feedback data. When the flow rate is 10% lower than the set value, the control box 4 starts the reverse flushing mode: the outlet valve 41 is closed, the high-pressure inlet valve 45 is opened, and the water flow reverses to flush open the gaps between the filter element 23 discs and discharge the sewage.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] See Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides a complete implementation of an integrated irrigation device for agricultural planting using water and fertilizer. The mixing tank 1 is fixed to the ground by a support base 18 at its bottom. The feed pipe 11 on the top left side of the mixing tank is connected to three infusion pipes 32 via a tee connector. Each infusion pipe 32 is connected to a fertilizer tank 3 containing liquid nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. A hydraulically driven check valve 33 is installed on the main infusion pipe 32, and electromagnetic valves 31 are installed on each branch pipe. A water inlet pipe 12 on the top right side of the mixing tank 1 is connected to a water source pipe, and a water inlet valve 45 controlled by a control box 4 is installed on the water inlet pipe 12. Inside the mixing tank 1, a stirring rod 14 is arranged along a horizontal axis. Six sets of stirring blades 15 are evenly welded to the surface of the stirring rod 14. The right end of the stirring rod 14 protrudes from the tank wall and is fixed by a bearing 16, with the extended end connected to a transmission pulley 141. A drive motor 17 is bolted to the side plate of the support base 18, and its output shaft's motor pulley 171 drives the transmission pulley 141 via a V-belt 172. The outlet pipe 13 at the bottom of the mixing tank 1 is connected to the drain pipe 21 at the top of the filter tank 2 via a flange seal. The filter tank 2 has a sealed cavity 22 inside. A ring-shaped stacked hollow cylindrical filter element 23 is vertically installed in the center of the cavity 22. The filter element 23 has 20 layers of ring-shaped stainless steel filter screen stacked from the outside to the inside. A drain pipe 24 extends from the bottom center of the filter element 23. A water outlet valve 41, a water flow meter 42, an EC sensor 43, and a pH sensor 44 are installed sequentially on the drain pipe 24. The end is connected to an irrigation branch pipe. The control box 4 on the support base 18 is connected to the drive motor 17, each electromagnetic valve 31, the water outlet valve 41, the water flow meter 42, the EC sensor 43, the pH sensor 44, and the water inlet valve 45 via cables.

[0045] Work process and problem-solving path:

[0046] Intelligent start / stop: The user sets the crop formula through control box 4. After startup, the water inlet valve 45 opens, and control box 4 calculates the theoretical fertilizer solution requirement proportionally.

[0047] Mathematical formula

[0048] Nitrogen fertilizer flow rate = 15m 3 / h×3 / (3+1+2)×0.01(concentration coefficient)=0.075m 3 / h;

[0049] Open the electromagnetic valve 31 of the corresponding fertilizer tank 3: nitrogen fertilizer tank opening 60%, phosphate fertilizer tank opening 20%, and potassium fertilizer tank opening 40%.

[0050] Mixing and Preventing Sedimentation: Fertilizer solution and water enter the mixing tank 1 through the feed pipe 11 and water inlet pipe 12. The drive motor drives the stirring rod 14 to rotate through the V-belt 172. The inclined stirring blade 15 generates radial vortex and axial tumbling, so that the fertilizer is completely dissolved within 30 seconds, solving the problem of excessive sedimentation at the bottom of the tank in traditional equipment.

[0051] Closed-loop control: The mixed liquid flows into the filter tank 2 through the outlet pipe 13, and permeates from the outside of the filter element 23 to the center for filtration. When the EC sensor 43 detects a value of 2.8 mS / cm (exceeding the standard by 0.3 mS / cm), the control box 4 executes the fuzzy PID algorithm:

[0052] Calculate the gradient of deviation change of 0.15 mS / cm·s -1 ;

[0053] Generate instruction: Reduce the speed of drive motor 17 to 100 r / min to weaken the dissolution rate, and at the same time reduce the opening of nitrogen fertilizer tank valve 31 to 50%;

[0054] When the pH sensor 44 detects a value below 6.0, the acid-base pump is activated to inject 0.1 mol / L sodium bicarbonate solution, and the pH value recovers to 6.2 ± 0.1 within 5 seconds.

[0055] Backflow prevention and filtration maintenance: The hydraulically driven check valve 33 automatically closes within 0.3 seconds when the pressure in the infusion pipe 32 drops by 0.05MPa, completely preventing the fertilizer solution from flowing back to the fertilizer tank 3.

[0056] When the water flow meter 42 shows a 12% decrease in flow rate, the control box 4 starts reverse flushing: close the outlet valve 41, open the inlet valve 45 to 100%, and the high-pressure water flow reverses to flush open the gap between the filter element 23 discs, and discharges impurities within 30 seconds.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated irrigation device for agricultural planting using water and fertilizer, characterized in that, include: A mixing tank (1) has a feed pipe (11) on the left side of its top, a water inlet pipe (12) on the right side, and a liquid outlet pipe (13) at the center of its bottom. Inside the tank, there is a stirring rod (14) arranged along a horizontal axis. Stirring blades (15) are evenly arranged on the surface of the stirring rod. One end of the stirring rod passes through the tank wall and is fixed by a bearing (16). The extended end is connected to a transmission pulley (141). The stirring rod (14) is driven by a drive motor (17) through a motor pulley (171) and a V-belt (172). The filter tank (2) is located directly below the mixing tank (1). The interior is a sealed cavity (22). A drain pipe (21) is provided on the top edge of the tank and is connected to the outlet pipe (13) through a flange. The tank is equipped with an annular stacked hollow cylindrical filter element (23). A drain pipe (24) extends from the bottom center of the filter element and is connected to the irrigation water pipe. Multiple fertilizer tanks (3) are connected in parallel and connected to the feed pipe (11) via infusion pipe (32). The main trunk of the infusion pipe is equipped with a check valve (33), and each fertilizer tank (3) and infusion pipe (32) is equipped with a pipe valve (31).

2. The integrated irrigation equipment for agricultural planting with water and fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mixing tank (1) is equipped with a support base (18), and a control box (4) is installed on the support base (18). The control box (4) is connected to a drive motor (17), an outlet valve (41) located on the drain pipe (24), a water flow meter (42), an EC sensor (43), a pH sensor (44), and an inlet valve (45) located on the inlet pipe (12). The control box (4) is configured as follows: The theoretical fertilizer solution flow rate is calculated based on the data from the water flow meter (42) and the preset ratio. The speed of the drive motor (17) is adjusted. At the same time, the speed of the drive motor (17) or the acid-base pump speed is dynamically adjusted based on the deviation between the feedback values ​​of the EC sensor (43) and the pH sensor (44) and the target value.

3. An integrated irrigation device for agricultural planting with water and fertilizer as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each connection node between the fertilizer tank (3) and the infusion pipe (32) is equipped with an electromagnetic pipe valve (31), and each pipe valve (31) is independently controlled by the control box (4).

4. The integrated irrigation equipment for agricultural planting with water and fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The check valve (33) on the main trunk of the infusion pipe (32) is a hydraulically driven one-way valve to prevent fertilizer solution from flowing back into the fertilizer tank (3).

5. The integrated irrigation equipment for agricultural planting with water and fertilizer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the control box (4) performs EC and pH closed-loop control, it operates according to the following logic: Obtain real-time detection values ​​from EC sensor (43) and pH sensor (44); Calculate the deviation and gradient between the detected value and the target value; The speed correction command for the drive motor (17) or the flow command for the acid-base pump is generated based on the fuzzy PID algorithm.

6. The integrated irrigation equipment for agricultural planting with water and fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow cylindrical filter element (23) is composed of multiple layers of annular filter screens stacked together. The liquid water permeates from the outside of the filter element (23) to the center and then enters the drain pipe (24).

Images