Thermochemical energy storage reactor
By optimizing the structural design of the thermochemical energy storage reactor, the problems of low mass transfer efficiency and particle agglomeration were solved, achieving efficient energy storage and release, and improving the stability and efficiency of the system.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HIMILE MECHANICAL MFG
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing thermochemical energy storage reactors suffer from low mass transfer efficiency, sluggish reaction kinetics, and solid particle agglomeration, resulting in low energy storage density, reduced efficiency, and system instability.
A thermochemical energy storage reactor comprising a cylinder, a heating device, a heat exchange coil assembly, and a steam distributor was designed. By optimizing the structure of the steam distributor and the arrangement of the heating device and heat exchange tubes, the gas-solid contact and heat transfer efficiency are enhanced, particle agglomeration is avoided, and the stability and efficiency of the reactor are improved.
It enhances the fluidization of the energy storage medium, improves mass transfer efficiency and thermal energy utilization, ensures the uniformity of the temperature field inside the reactor, reduces solid particle agglomeration, and improves the stability and efficiency of the energy storage system.
Smart Images
Figure CN224365099U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of thermochemical energy storage, and specifically relates to a thermochemical energy storage reactor. Background Technology
[0002] Thermochemical energy storage technology achieves efficient energy storage and release based on reversible chemical reactions. Its core principle lies in utilizing the recombination of chemical bonds during endothermic and exothermic reactions to convert and store energy. Compared to traditional sensible and latent heat energy storage technologies, thermochemical energy storage technology has significant advantages. It uses metal oxides, hydroxides, or composite salts as the heat storage medium. Taking the Ca(OH)₂ / CaO system in calcium-based materials as an example, under high-temperature conditions, Ca(OH)₂ undergoes a decomposition reaction, absorbing a large amount of heat energy and converting it into CaO and H₂O, thus storing the heat energy. When energy needs to be released, CaO and H₂O undergo a reverse synthesis reaction, regenerating Ca(OH)₂ and releasing the previously stored heat energy. This energy storage method has extremely high energy density, typically reaching 300-500 kWh / m³, approximately 10 times that of sensible heat energy storage and 5 times that of latent heat energy storage, enabling the storage of large amounts of energy in a relatively small space. In addition, thermochemical energy storage technology has the characteristics of excellent cycle stability and low heat loss rate, enabling cross-seasonal energy storage, effectively solving the problems of intermittency and volatility of renewable energy, and the system has a wide operating temperature range, which can adapt to different application scenarios.
[0003] However, despite the many potential advantages of thermochemical energy storage technology, the thermochemical energy storage reactors currently in use still face a series of technical challenges that urgently need to be solved in practical applications. These problems seriously restrict the further development and large-scale commercial application of this technology.
[0004] First, deficiencies in the reactor's structural design lead to low mass transfer efficiency in the solid-gas two-phase reaction. In thermochemical energy storage reactions, gases (such as water vapor) need to fully contact and react with the solid heat storage medium (such as CaO particles) to achieve efficient energy conversion. However, existing reactor structures often fail to provide adequate gas diffusion channels, making it difficult for gases to penetrate uniformly into the solid particles. Localized agglomeration also easily forms between the solid particles, hindering effective contact between the reacting gases and solid particles. Consequently, the actual energy storage density is far lower than the theoretical value, significantly reducing the overall performance of the energy storage system.
[0005] Secondly, reaction kinetic lag induces thermal hysteresis. In thermochemical energy storage reactions, the reaction rate is affected by various factors, such as reaction temperature, pressure, reactant concentration, and the surface properties of solid particles. Due to reaction kinetic lag, the reaction cannot respond promptly to changes in temperature and pressure, resulting in a certain degree of hysteresis in the reaction process. This thermal hysteresis effect not only causes energy loss and reduces the efficiency of the energy storage system, but may also affect the stable operation of the entire energy system.
[0006] Finally, particle agglomeration is another key issue limiting the performance of thermochemical energy storage reactors. During the reaction, solid particles easily agglomerate due to van der Waals forces, electrostatic interactions, and other factors, forming larger particle clusters. Particle agglomeration reduces the specific surface area of the particles, decreasing the number of reactive sites and thus affecting the reaction process. Furthermore, particle agglomeration alters the hydrodynamic characteristics within the reactor, further exacerbating the reduction in mass transfer efficiency, leading to decreased cycle stability, and limiting the long-term reliable operation of the energy storage system. Utility Model Content
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a thermochemical energy storage reactor to solve the above-mentioned problems of existing thermochemical energy storage reactors. This is of great significance for improving the performance of thermochemical energy storage technology and the stability of system operation.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0009] A thermochemical energy storage reactor, comprising:
[0010] The cylinder has legs at the bottom, a heat exchange medium inlet pipe on one side and a heat exchange medium outlet pipe on the other side. Tube sheets are provided on both sides inside the cylinder, and the shell side between the tube sheets on both sides is filled with energy storage medium. A heating device outlet is provided on the cylinder for leading out the heating device.
[0011] A heating device is embedded inside the energy storage medium and is used to heat and store energy in the energy storage medium. The heating device is fixed inside the cylinder by several fixing brackets.
[0012] The heat exchange coil assembly is used to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium during the energy release stage. It includes a spiral heat exchange tube, with both ends of the heat exchange tube fixed to the tube sheets on both sides and connected to the heat exchange medium inlet and outlet tubes.
[0013] The steam distributor includes concentric ring pipe groups arranged on both sides of the cylinder. Each concentric ring pipe group includes multiple ring pipes of different diameters arranged concentrically. Several steam pipes are provided between the ring pipes on both sides. Several steam outlets are provided on the steam pipes. Each end of the steam distributor is provided with two steam inlets and outlets, which are located on the upper and lower sides or the left and right sides of the ring pipes, respectively.
[0014] Furthermore, the energy storage medium includes one or more mixtures of metal hydrides, hydroxide / oxide systems, carbonate systems, and metal oxide reduction / oxidation systems.
[0015] Furthermore, the heating device uses an electric heating wire or a heat-conducting oil pipe for heating; when the heating device uses an electric heating wire, the power cord of the electric heating wire is led out from the outlet of the heating device, and the outlet of the heating device is provided with a sealing structure.
[0016] When the heating device uses a heat transfer oil pipe for heating, a heating device inlet is also provided on the cylinder. The heating device inlet is located at the upper or lower part of the cylinder away from the heating device outlet. During energy storage, no heat transfer medium or high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat exchange tube. When no heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat exchange tube, the high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat transfer oil pipe from the heating device inlet and flows out from the heating device outlet. When high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat exchange tube, the high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat transfer oil pipe and the heat exchange tube from the heating device inlet and one end of the heat exchange tube, respectively, and flows out from the heating device outlet and the other end of the heat exchange tube. During energy release, in addition to introducing the first heat transfer medium into the heat transfer medium inlet pipe, a second heat transfer medium can also be introduced into the heating device inlet. The first heat transfer medium and the second heat transfer medium may be the same or different.
[0017] Furthermore, the heating device is spirally coiled inside the cylinder.
[0018] Furthermore, the heat exchange tubes are provided in multiple sets, which are arranged in a spiral with equal spacing, and the spiral diameter of each set of heat exchange tubes increases sequentially; the heating device is also provided in multiple sets, which are arranged at intervals with the heat exchange tubes in the radial direction, and the spiral directions of the heat exchange tubes and the heating device are opposite, forming a spatial matching structure of multiple heating layers and heat exchange layers.
[0019] Furthermore, the adjacent steam outlets of the steam pipe are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction.
[0020] Furthermore, the steam inlet and outlet are connected to the outermost ring pipe of the concentric ring pipe group on both sides, and adjacent ring pipes on the same side are connected by a connecting pipe; the ring pipes at corresponding positions on both sides are connected by a steam pipe.
[0021] Furthermore, the innermost ring pipe of the concentric ring pipe group on one side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet at the upper part of that side, and the outermost ring pipe on that side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet at the lower part of that side.
[0022] On the other side, the innermost ring pipe of the concentric ring pipe group is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet at the lower part of the side, and the outermost ring pipe of the side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet at the upper part of the side. Multiple ring pipes in the concentric ring pipe groups on both sides are connected by connecting pipes, and the ring pipes at corresponding positions on both sides are connected by steam pipes, so that water vapor enters the water vapor distributor from the outermost ring pipe and the innermost ring pipe at the same time.
[0023] Furthermore, the multiple steam pipes on one side of the ring pipe are not connected to the ring pipe on the other side, and the multiple steam pipes on one side of the ring pipe and the multiple steam pipes on the other side of the ring pipe are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction.
[0024] Furthermore, in one concentric ring pipe group, the innermost ring pipe is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet at the lower part of that side, and the outermost ring pipe is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet at the upper part of that side; in the other concentric ring pipe group, the innermost ring pipe is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet at the upper part of that side, and the outermost ring pipe is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet at the lower part of that side; when the concentric ring pipe group on one side includes only one ring pipe, the upper and lower parts of the ring pipe on that side are connected to water vapor inlets and outlets.
[0025] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0026] 1) This utility model distributes multiple steam pipes in the steam distributor evenly in the energy storage medium, which enhances the flowability of steam in the cylinder, strengthens the fluidization of solid particles in the cylinder, reduces the agglomeration of solid particles, and enhances the stability of system operation.
[0027] 2) When the heating device uses heat transfer oil pipe heating, in the energy release stage, in addition to introducing the first heat transfer medium into the heat transfer medium inlet pipe, a second heat transfer medium can also be introduced into the heating device inlet. The first heat transfer medium and the second heat transfer medium are the same heat transfer medium or different heat transfer mediums, which improves the utilization rate of thermal energy.
[0028] 3) The heat exchange tubes are equipped with multiple spiral structures, which enhances the heat transfer efficiency during the energy release stage. The effective length of the heat exchange tubes is significantly increased within a limited space, and the heat transfer area per unit volume is improved. This effectively maintains the uniformity of the temperature field inside the reactor during the energy release process. The heating device is arranged in a staggered manner with the heat exchange tubes in the radial direction, forming a spatially coordinated structure of multiple heating layers and heat exchange layers. This ensures the uniformity of the energy storage medium being heated and avoids the imbalance of the reaction rate caused by local temperature differences.
[0029] 4) The staggered arrangement of adjacent steam outlets in the circumferential direction of the steam pipe ensures the uniformity of water vapor distribution inside the energy storage medium, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of water vapor emission during the energy storage stage and the contact area between water vapor and the energy storage medium during the energy release stage.
[0030] 5) By designing a steam distributor structure, steam can enter the steam distributor simultaneously from both the outermost and innermost ring pipes, thus avoiding the impact of low inlet pressure on the energy storage medium's reaction effect and efficiency in the innermost ring pipe, and ensuring the consistency of the reaction rate inside the reactor.
[0031] 6) By designing an alternative structure for the steam distributor, the multiple steam pipes on the left annular pipe are not connected to the right annular pipe, and the multiple steam pipes on the right annular pipe are not connected to the left annular pipe. Furthermore, the multiple steam pipes on the left annular pipe and the multiple steam pipes on the right annular pipe are arranged in a staggered manner in the circumferential direction, which further enhances the uniformity of the distribution of steam pipes in the cylinder, ensures the uniformity of contact between the energy storage medium and the steam during the energy release stage, avoids excessively high or low local steam concentrations, ensures sufficient contact between steam and the energy storage medium, and enhances the gas-solid mass transfer effect. Attached Figure Description
[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a thermochemical energy storage reactor.
[0033] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the cylindrical body of a thermochemical energy storage reactor.
[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger tube structure.
[0035] Figure 4 This is a side view of the heat exchange coil assembly and heating device.
[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water vapor distributor structure in Example 1.
[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the steam pipe.
[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the water vapor distributor structure in Example 2.
[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the water vapor distributor structure in Example 3.
[0040] In the diagram, 1. Shell; 11. Support leg; 12. Heat exchange medium inlet pipe; 13. Heat exchange medium outlet pipe; 14. Heating device outlet; 15. Tube sheet; 2. Heating device; 3. Heat exchange coil assembly; 31. Heat exchange tube; 4. Steam distributor; 41. Ring pipe; 42. Connecting pipe; 43. Steam pipe; 44. Steam inlet and outlet; 45. Gas outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The following will be combined with the appendix Figures 1-8The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0042] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0043] Example 1
[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a thermochemical energy storage reactor includes a cylindrical body 1, a heating device 2, a heat exchange coil assembly 3, and a steam distributor 4. Figure 2 As shown, the lower part of the cylinder 1 is provided with a support leg 11, one side of the cylinder 1 is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet pipe 12, and the other side of the cylinder 1 is provided with a heat exchange medium outlet pipe 13. The cylinder 1 is provided with tube sheets 15 on both sides inside, and the shell side of the cylinder 1 between the tube sheets 15 on both sides is filled with an energy storage medium. In this embodiment, the cylinder 1 is provided with a heating device outlet 14 for leading out the heating device 2.
[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the heating device 2 is embedded inside the energy storage medium and is used to heat and store energy in the energy storage medium to achieve energy storage. The heating device 2 is fixed inside the cylinder 1 by several fixing brackets (not shown in the figure). The fixing brackets adopt the fixing structure commonly used in the field, and its structure will not be described in detail.
[0046] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchange coil assembly 3 is used to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium during the energy release stage. It includes a spiral heat exchange tube 31, with both ends of the heat exchange tube 31 fixed to the tube sheets 15 on both sides and connected to the heat exchange medium inlet pipe 12 and the heat exchange medium outlet pipe 13.
[0047] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the steam distributor 4 includes concentric ring pipe groups arranged on both sides of the cylinder 1. Each concentric ring pipe group includes multiple ring pipes 41 with different diameters and arranged concentrically. Adjacent ring pipes 41 are connected by connecting pipes 42. The ring pipes 41 at corresponding positions on both sides are connected by several steam pipes 43. Several steam outlets 45 are provided on the steam pipes 43. Two steam inlets and outlets 44 are provided at each end of the steam distributor 4. The two steam inlets and outlets 44 are located on the upper and lower sides or the left and right sides of the ring pipes 41, respectively.
[0048] In the energy storage stage of this reactor, taking calcium-based energy storage as an example, the energy storage medium inside the shell side of the cylinder 1 is Ca(OH)2. No heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange tube 31. The heating device 2 is started to heat Ca(OH)2. Ca(OH)2 is decomposed into CaO and water vapor by heating. The water vapor enters the steam tube 43 from the outlet 45 and flows to the ring pipes 41 on both sides of the water vapor distributor 4. It is discharged from the reactor system through the water vapor inlet and outlet 44. The thermal energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in the CaO particles, thus completing the energy storage.
[0049] During the energy release phase, the energy storage medium inside the shell side of cylinder 1 is CaO, and the heating device 2 is in the off state. The heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange medium inlet pipe 12. The heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tube 31 from one side of the tube sheet 15. Water vapor enters the ring pipe 41 from the water vapor inlet and outlet 44 on both sides of cylinder 1. It is then dispersed into ring pipes 41 of different diameters through the connecting pipe 42 between the ring pipes 41, and further enters the steam pipe 43. It then enters the shell side of cylinder 1 from the steam outlet 45 on the steam pipe 43. The water vapor reacts with CaO to generate Ca(OH)2, releasing a large amount of heat. It exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange tube 31. After heat exchange, the heat exchange medium flows through the tube sheet 15 on the other side and flows out from the heat exchange medium outlet pipe 13, converting chemical energy into thermal energy and completing the energy release.
[0050] In addition, by setting multiple air outlets 45 on the steam pipe 43, the flowability of water vapor in the cylinder 1 is enhanced, the fluidization of solid particles in the cylinder 1 is strengthened, and the degree of agglomeration of solid particles is reduced; the highly flowable water vapor can also exert a mechanical separation effect on the already agglomerated CaO particles to a certain extent; the highly flowable water vapor can also prevent solid particles from clogging the air outlets 45 on the steam pipe 43.
[0051] The energy storage medium includes one or more of the following: metal hydrides (such as MgH2, NaAlH4), hydroxide / oxide systems (such as Ca(OH)2 / CaO systems), carbonate systems (such as CaCO3 / CaO systems), and metal oxide reduction / oxidation systems (such as Fe3O4 / FeO systems). The reaction temperature, energy density, and reaction rate of different energy storage media may be complementary. For example, combining a high-temperature medium (such as carbonates) with a medium- or low-temperature medium (such as sulfates) can cover a wider temperature range and adapt to different heat sources, thus achieving the cascade utilization of heat.
[0052] The heating device 2 uses an electric heating wire or a heat-conducting oil pipe for heating; such as Figure 2 As shown, when the heating device 2 uses an electric heating wire, the power cord of the electric heating wire is led out from the heating device outlet 14, and the heating device outlet 14 is equipped with a sealing structure to prevent water vapor from flowing out of the cylinder 1 during the energy release stage; when the heating device 2 uses a heat transfer oil pipe for heating, a heating device inlet is also provided on the cylinder 1, and the heating device inlet is located in the upper or lower part of the cylinder 1 away from the heating device outlet 14 (not shown in the figure); taking calcium-based energy storage as an example, during energy storage, no heat exchange medium or high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat exchange tube 31. When no heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange tube 31, high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat transfer oil pipe from the heating device inlet and flows out from the heating device outlet 14 to heat Ca(OH)2; when high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat exchange tube 31... High-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat transfer oil pipe and heat exchange pipe 31 from the inlet of the heating device and one end of the heat exchange pipe 31, respectively, and flows out from the outlet 14 of the heating device and the other end of the heat exchange pipe 31. The heat transfer oil pipe and heat exchange pipe 31 simultaneously heat Ca(OH)2, which improves the energy storage efficiency of the reactor. Ca(OH)2 decomposes into CaO and water vapor when heated, thus completing the energy storage. When releasing energy, in addition to introducing the first heat exchange medium into the heat exchange medium inlet pipe 12, a second heat exchange medium can also be introduced into the inlet of the heating device. The first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium are the same heat exchange medium or different heat exchange media. For example, both the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium are heat transfer oil, or the first heat exchange medium is water and the second heat exchange medium is heat transfer oil, which improves the utilization rate of thermal energy.
[0053] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the heating device 2 is spirally coiled inside the cylinder 1, ensuring the heating effect of the heating device 2 on the energy storage medium during the energy storage stage.
[0054] like Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, the heat exchange tubes 31 are provided in multiple sets, which are equally spaced and spirally arranged. The spiral diameter of each set of heat exchange tubes 31 increases sequentially. The multi-layer heat exchange tubes 31 enhance the heat transfer efficiency during the energy release stage, significantly increase the effective length of the heat exchange tubes 31 in a limited space, and improve the heat transfer area per unit volume. This effectively maintains the uniformity of the temperature field inside the reactor during the energy release process. The heating device 2 is also provided in multiple sets, which are arranged radially at intervals with the heat exchange tubes 31. The spiral directions of the heat exchange tubes 31 and the heating device 2 are opposite, forming a spatially coordinated structure of multiple heating layers and heat exchange layers. This ensures the uniformity of Ca(OH)2 heating and avoids reaction rate imbalance caused by local temperature differences.
[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, the adjacent air outlets 45 of the steam pipe 43 are staggered in the circumferential direction, which ensures the uniformity of water vapor distribution inside the energy storage medium, thereby ensuring the effect of water vapor emission during the energy storage stage and the contact area between water vapor and the energy storage medium during the energy release stage.
[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the steam inlet / outlet 44 is connected to the outermost ring pipe 41 of the concentric ring pipe group on both sides, and the adjacent ring pipes 41 on the same side are connected by a connecting pipe 42; the ring pipes 41 at corresponding positions on both sides are connected by a steam pipe 43.
[0057] Example 2
[0058] Unlike Example 1, based on the appendix Figure 7 The orientation and positional relationship shown are described as follows: the innermost ring pipe 41 of the left concentric ring pipe group is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet 44 of the upper left side, and the outermost ring pipe 41 of the left concentric ring pipe group is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet 44 of the lower left side.
[0059] The innermost ring pipe 41 of the right concentric ring pipe group is connected to the water vapor inlet / outlet 44 at the lower right side, and the outermost ring pipe 41 of the right concentric ring pipe group is connected to the water vapor inlet / outlet 44 at the upper right side. Multiple ring pipes 41 in the concentric ring pipe groups on both sides are connected by connecting pipes 42, and the ring pipes 41 at corresponding positions on both sides are connected by steam pipes 43. This allows water vapor to enter the water vapor distributor 4 from the outermost ring pipe 41 and the innermost ring pipe 41 at the same time, avoiding the impact of low inlet pressure on the reaction effect and efficiency of the energy storage medium in the innermost ring pipe 41, and ensuring the consistency of the reaction rate inside the reactor.
[0060] Example 3
[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, unlike Example 1, based on the appendix Figure 8The orientation and positional relationship are described as follows: the multiple vapor pipes 43 on the left ring pipe 41 are not connected to the right ring pipe 41, and the multiple vapor pipes 43 on the right ring pipe 41 are not connected to the left ring pipe 41. Moreover, the multiple vapor pipes 43 on the left ring pipe 41 and the multiple vapor pipes 43 on the right ring pipe 41 are staggered in the circumferential direction, which further enhances the uniformity of the distribution of vapor pipes 43 in the cylinder 1, ensures the uniformity of contact between the energy storage medium and water vapor during the energy release stage, avoids excessively high or low local water vapor concentration, ensures sufficient contact between water vapor and CaO, and enhances the gas-solid mass transfer effect.
[0062] On one side, the innermost ring pipe 41 of the concentric ring pipe assembly is connected to the water vapor inlet / outlet 44 at the lower part of that side, and the outermost ring pipe 41 is connected to the water vapor inlet / outlet 44 at the upper part of that side; on the other side, the innermost ring pipe 41 of the concentric ring pipe assembly is connected to the water vapor inlet / outlet 44 at the upper part of that side, and the outermost ring pipe 41 is connected to the water vapor inlet / outlet 44 at the lower part of that side; for example Figure 8 As shown, when the concentric ring pipe group on one side includes only one ring pipe 41, the upper and lower parts of the ring pipe 41 on that side are connected to water vapor inlet and outlet 44.
[0063] The above content is merely an example and illustration of the structure of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the scope defined by the structure of the utility model, they should all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A thermochemical energy storage reactor, characterized in that, include: A cylindrical body (1) is provided with a support leg (11) at the bottom. A heat exchange medium inlet pipe (12) is provided on one side of the cylindrical body (1) and a heat exchange medium outlet pipe (13) is provided on the other side of the cylindrical body (1). Tube sheets (15) are provided on both sides inside the cylindrical body (1). The shell side of the cylindrical body (1) between the tube sheets (15) on both sides is filled with an energy storage medium. A heating device outlet (14) is provided on the cylindrical body (1). Heating device (2) is embedded inside the energy storage medium and is fixed inside the cylinder (1) by several fixing brackets; The heat exchange coil assembly (3) includes a spiral heat exchange tube (31), with both ends of the heat exchange tube (31) fixed to the tube sheets (15) on both sides and connected to the heat exchange medium inlet pipe (12) and the heat exchange medium outlet pipe (13); The steam distributor (4) includes concentric ring pipe groups arranged on both sides of the cylinder (1). Each concentric ring pipe group includes multiple ring pipes (41) of different diameters arranged concentrically. Several steam pipes (43) are provided between the ring pipes (41) on both sides. Several steam outlets (45) are provided on the steam pipes (43). Two steam inlets and outlets (44) are provided at each end of the steam distributor (4). The two steam inlets and outlets (44) are located on the upper and lower sides or the left and right sides of the ring pipes (41) respectively.
2. The thermochemical energy storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage medium includes one or more mixtures of metal hydrides, hydroxide / oxide systems, carbonate systems, and metal oxide reduction / oxidation systems.
3. The thermochemical energy storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating device (2) uses an electric heating wire or a heat-conducting oil pipe for heating; when the heating device (2) uses an electric heating wire, the power line of the electric heating wire is led out from the outlet (14) of the heating device, and the outlet (14) of the heating device is provided with a sealing structure. When the heating device (2) uses a heat transfer oil pipe for heating, a heating device inlet is also provided on the cylinder (1). The heating device inlet is located at the upper or lower part of the cylinder (1) away from the heating device outlet (14). During energy storage, no heat transfer medium or high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat exchange tube (31). When no heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat exchange tube (31), the high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat transfer oil pipe from the heating device inlet and flows out from the heating device outlet (14). When high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat exchange tube (31), the high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat transfer oil pipe and the heat exchange tube (31) from the heating device inlet and one end of the heat exchange tube (31) respectively, and flows out from the heating device outlet (14) and the other end of the heat exchange tube (31). During energy release, in addition to introducing the first heat transfer medium into the heat transfer medium inlet pipe (12), a second heat transfer medium can also be introduced into the heating device inlet. The first heat transfer medium and the second heat transfer medium are the same or different.
4. The thermochemical energy storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating device (2) is spirally coiled inside the cylinder (1).
5. A thermochemical energy storage reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat exchange tubes (31) are provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of heat exchange tubes (31) are arranged in a spiral with equal spacing. The spiral diameter of each set of heat exchange tubes (31) increases sequentially. The heating device (2) is also provided in multiple sets and is arranged at intervals with the heat exchange tubes (31) in the radial direction. The spiral direction of the heat exchange tubes (31) and the heating device (2) is opposite, forming a spatial matching structure of multiple heating layers and heat exchange layers.
6. A thermochemical energy storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam pipe (43) has adjacent outlets (45) arranged alternately in the circumferential direction.
7. A thermochemical energy storage reactor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The steam inlet and outlet (44) are connected to the outermost ring pipe (41) of the concentric ring pipe group on both sides. The adjacent ring pipes (41) on the same side are connected by a connecting pipe (42), and the ring pipes (41) at corresponding positions on both sides are connected by a steam pipe (43).
8. A thermochemical energy storage reactor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The innermost ring pipe (41) of the concentric ring pipe group on one side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet (44) at the upper part of that side, and the outermost ring pipe (41) of that side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet (44) at the lower part of that side. On the other side, the innermost ring pipe (41) of the concentric ring pipe group is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet (44) at the lower part of the side, and the outermost ring pipe (41) of the side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet (44) at the upper part of the side. Multiple ring pipes (41) in the concentric ring pipe groups on both sides are connected by connecting pipes, and the ring pipes (41) at corresponding positions on both sides are connected by steam pipes (43). Water vapor enters the water vapor distributor (4) simultaneously from the outermost ring pipe (41) and the innermost ring pipe (41).
9. A thermochemical energy storage reactor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The multiple steam pipes (43) on one side of the ring pipe (41) are not connected to the ring pipe (41) on the other side, and the multiple steam pipes (43) on one side of the ring pipe (41) and the multiple steam pipes (43) on the other side of the ring pipe (41) are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction.
10. A thermochemical energy storage reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The innermost ring pipe (41) of the concentric ring pipe group on one side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet (44) at the lower part of that side, and the outermost ring pipe (41) of that side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet (44) at the upper part of that side; the innermost ring pipe (41) of the concentric ring pipe group on the other side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet (44) at the upper part of that side, and the outermost ring pipe (41) of that side is connected to the water vapor inlet and outlet (44) at the lower part of that side; when the concentric ring pipe group on one side includes only one ring pipe (41), the upper and lower parts of the ring pipe (41) on that side are connected to water vapor inlet and outlet (44).