Bidirectional flyback voltage detection two-in-one active balancing circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to electronic circuit technical field, concretely is a kind of two-way flyback voltage detection two-in-one active equalization circuit, including electrically connected battery pack, switch matrix circuit and two-way flyback DC-DC converter, and there is control circuit in two-way flyback DC-DC converter electrically connected;The output end of control circuit is electrically connected with switch matrix driving circuit and switch matrix circuit, and the output end of switch matrix circuit is electrically connected with control circuit through acquisition circuit.The utility model this circuit compact structure, function is comprehensive, through accurate switch tube control and algorithm, realized the accurate detection and active equalization of battery voltage, provided strong support for the optimization of battery management system, realized two-in-one integration of active equalization circuit and voltage detection function, simultaneously can be with the battery strobe switch tube flexible selection battery to be detected, furthermore, the design also optimizes framework, reduces cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an equalization circuit, and more particularly to a bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit, belonging to the field of electronic circuit technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles and renewable energy, the research and development of battery management technology will become a core competitive factor in the industry. Active balancing circuits, as an important component of battery management systems, have the following shortcomings in existing active balancing methods:

[0003] Higher cost: Active balancing technology typically requires the use of complex control circuits and energy conversion modules, leading to an increase in overall cost;

[0004] Complex control algorithms: To achieve precise energy transfer, active balancing technology requires complex control algorithms, which increases the difficulty of system design.

[0005] Passive balancing technology achieves equilibrium by consuming excess energy, which leads to energy waste and reduces the overall efficiency of the system. Since passive balancing relies on the natural dissipation of energy, the balancing speed is relatively slow and it takes a long time to reach an equilibrium state.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to improve the equalization circuit of bidirectional flyback voltage detection to solve the above-mentioned problems. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bidirectional flyback voltage detection and active balancing circuit. This circuit has a compact structure and comprehensive functions. Through precise switching control and algorithms, it achieves accurate detection and active balancing of battery voltage, providing strong support for the optimization of the battery management system. It integrates the active balancing circuit and voltage detection function into one, and can flexibly select the battery to be tested by means of the battery selection switch. In addition, this design also optimizes the framework and reduces costs.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0009] A bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit includes an electrically connected battery pack, a switch matrix circuit, and a bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter, wherein a control circuit is electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter.

[0010] The output terminal of the control circuit is electrically connected to the switch matrix circuit through a switch matrix driving circuit, and the output terminal of the switch matrix circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit through a data acquisition circuit.

[0011] The battery pack includes several batteries connected in series. Each battery is electrically connected to a battery selection switch group. The battery selection switch group is electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter through a rectifier switch group, and together with the bidirectional flyback DC connection switch KP5 of the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter, they form a rectifier circuit. The bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter is electrically connected to a bidirectional flyback secondary switch KD1 and a bidirectional flyback primary switch KD2.

[0012] Preferably, the battery selection switch group includes selection switch K1, selection switch K2, selection switch K3, selection switch K4 and selection switch K5.

[0013] Preferably, the rectifier switch group includes rectifier switch KP1, rectifier switch KP2, rectifier switch KP3 and rectifier switch KP4.

[0014] Preferably, the selection switch K1, the selection switch K3 and the selection switch K5 are connected in parallel with the rectifier switch KP2 and the rectifier switch KP4;

[0015] The gating switch K2 and the gating switch K4 are connected in parallel and then electrically connected to the rectifier switch KP1 and the rectifier switch KP3.

[0016] The rectifier switch KP1 and the rectifier switch KP2 are connected in parallel and then electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback DC connection switch KP5.

[0017] Preferably, a capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback secondary switch KD1, and a capacitor C2 is connected to the bidirectional flyback primary switch KD2.

[0018] Preferably, the battery pack bus voltage is output to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter, and the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter bus voltage is input to the battery pack;

[0019] The battery pack's equalization current output and battery voltage output are sent to the switching matrix circuit, and the switching matrix circuit's equalization current input is sent to the battery pack.

[0020] The switching matrix circuit outputs a balanced signal to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter, and the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter outputs a balanced signal to the switching matrix circuit.

[0021] Preferably, the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter feeds back a signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit transmits a control signal to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter.

[0022] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This circuit has a compact structure and comprehensive functions. Through precise switching control and algorithms, it achieves accurate detection and active balancing of battery voltage, providing strong support for the optimization of the battery management system. It integrates the active balancing circuit and voltage detection function into one, and can flexibly select the battery to be tested by means of the battery selection switch. In addition, the design has optimized the framework and reduced costs.

[0024] 2. In the circuit, the bidirectional flyback secondary switch and the bidirectional flyback primary switch are cleverly used for battery charging and discharging control, realizing bidirectional energy flow. This circuit can realize efficient bidirectional energy transfer between batteries, avoiding energy waste.

[0025] 3. By using the selector switch and rectifier switch, the voltage of each battery cell can be detected. This circuit can monitor the battery voltage in real time and automatically perform equalization operation as needed, without the need for an additional voltage detection module. Based on the voltage detection, it charges batteries with low voltage to achieve balanced charging, and discharges batteries with high voltage to achieve balanced discharging. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 This is the circuit diagram of this utility model.

[0029] In the diagram, 1 is the battery pack; 2 is the switch matrix circuit; 3 is the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter; 4 is the control circuit; 5 is the switch matrix drive circuit; and 6 is the data acquisition circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following will describe in detail the implementation of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the implementation process of how this application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0031] like Figures 1-2As shown, the bidirectional flyback voltage detection and active balancing circuit provided in this embodiment includes a battery pack 1, a switch matrix circuit 2, and a bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3, all electrically connected. A control circuit 4 is electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3. The output of the control circuit 4 is electrically connected to the switch matrix circuit 2 through a switch matrix drive circuit 5. The output of the switch matrix circuit 2 is electrically connected to the control circuit 4 through a data acquisition circuit 6. The circuit consists of core components such as the battery pack 1, switch matrix circuit 2, bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3, switch matrix drive circuit 4, data acquisition circuit 6, and control circuit 5. This circuit has a compact structure and comprehensive functions. Through precise switching control and algorithms, it achieves accurate detection and active balancing of battery voltage, providing strong support for the optimization of the battery management system. It integrates the active balancing circuit and voltage detection function into one, and can flexibly select the battery to be tested by means of the battery selection switch. In addition, this design also optimizes the framework and reduces costs.

[0032] Battery pack 1 includes several batteries connected in series. Each battery is electrically connected to a battery selection switch group. The battery selection switch group is electrically connected to a bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3 through a rectifier switch group, and together with the bidirectional flyback DC connection switch KP5 of the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3, they form a rectifier circuit. The bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3 is electrically connected to a bidirectional flyback secondary switch KD1 and a bidirectional flyback primary switch KD2. In the circuit, the bidirectional flyback secondary and primary switches are cleverly used for battery charging and discharging control, realizing bidirectional energy flow. The battery selection switch group includes selection switches K1, K2, K3, K4, and K5. The rectifier switch group includes a rectifier switch... The circuit consists of transistors KP1, rectifier switches KP2, KP3, and KP4, and selector switches K1, K3, and K5 connected in parallel. These are then electrically connected to rectifier switches KP2 and KP4, and to rectifier switches KP1 and KP3. Rectifier switches KP1 and KP2 are connected in parallel and then electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter KP5. A capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the secondary switch KD1 of the bidirectional flyback converter, and a capacitor C2 is connected to the primary switch KD2. This circuit can simultaneously perform voltage detection, battery charging, and battery discharging. It can monitor the battery voltage in real time and automatically perform equalization operations as needed, without requiring an additional voltage detection module. Specifically:

[0033] Voltage detection:

[0034] When the first battery needs to be tested, the selection switch K1 and selection switch K2 are turned on. At this time, the circuit where selection switch K2 is located is the positive terminal and the circuit where selection switch K1 is located is the negative terminal. In the rectifier circuit, rectifier switches KP3 and KP2 are turned on to perform rectification.

[0035] When the second battery is being tested, the selector switches K2 and K3 are turned on. At this time, the circuit containing selector switch K2 is the negative terminal and the circuit containing selector switch K3 is the positive terminal. In the rectifier circuit, rectifier switches KP1 and KP4 are turned on.

[0036] By analogy, the voltage of all batteries can be detected;

[0037] Equilibrium state:

[0038] If balancing is required based on the detected voltage, then the rectifier switch KP5 is turned on.

[0039] If the battery voltage is too low, equalization charging is initiated, and charging is performed through PWM control of the bidirectional flyback secondary switch KD2 and synchronous rectification of the bidirectional flyback secondary switch KD1.

[0040] When the battery is charging, the primary circuit is connected to the battery bus, and the voltage is stepped down to supply power to the battery that needs to be charged.

[0041] If the battery voltage is too high, perform equalization discharge. At this time, the PWM and synchronous rectification functions of the bidirectional flyback secondary switch KD1 and bidirectional flyback secondary switch KD2 are swapped.

[0042] When the battery discharges, the voltage discharges from the primary side to the bus, where the bus refers to the overall output voltage of the battery.

[0043] Therefore, by using the selector switch and rectifier switch, the voltage of each battery cell can be detected. Based on the voltage detection, batteries with low voltage are charged to achieve balanced charging, and batteries with high voltage are discharged to achieve balanced discharging.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bus voltage of battery pack 1 is output to bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3, and the bus voltage of bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3 is input to battery pack 1. Battery pack 1 serves as the energy source and load of the entire balancing system. The battery pack is composed of multiple individual cells connected in series. Since there may be performance differences between individual cells, active balancing is required to improve the performance and lifespan of the entire battery pack.

[0045] Battery pack 1 outputs equal current and battery voltage to switch matrix circuit 2. Switch matrix circuit 2 inputs equal current to battery pack 1. Switch matrix circuit 2 is a key part connecting battery pack 1 and bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3. It realizes flexible connection between individual cells in battery pack 1 and bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3 by switching multiple switching elements, thereby allowing energy to be freely transferred between individual cells.

[0046] The equalization output of the switch matrix circuit 2 is sent to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3, and the equalization input of the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3 is sent to the switch matrix circuit 2. The bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3 is one of the core components of this system. It can realize bidirectional energy flow. During the active equalization process, the converter transfers energy from high-voltage single cells to low-voltage single cells, or vice versa, according to the instructions of the control circuit, so as to achieve energy balance within the battery pack.

[0047] The bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3 feeds back the signal to the control circuit 4. The switch matrix drive circuit 4 is responsible for controlling the on / off state of the switching elements in the switch matrix circuit. It receives instructions from the control circuit and converts them into signals that the switching elements can understand, thereby achieving precise control of the switch matrix circuit. The control circuit 4 transmits the control signal to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3. The acquisition circuit 6 monitors the voltage, current, and other parameters of each individual cell in the battery pack in real time and transmits this data to the control circuit 5. This data is an important basis for the control circuit 5 to make equalization decisions. The control circuit 5 is the "brain" of the entire active equalization system. Based on the data provided by the acquisition circuit 6, it determines the individual cells that need to be equalized, as well as the direction and degree of equalization, through complex algorithms and logical judgments. Then, the control circuit 5 sends equalization instructions to the switch matrix drive circuit 4 and the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3 to execute the equalization operation.

[0048] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the principle of the bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0049] The circuit consists of a battery pack 1, a switch matrix circuit 2, and a bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3, all electrically connected. A control circuit 4 is electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3. The output of the control circuit 4 is electrically connected to the switch matrix circuit 2 via a switch matrix drive circuit 5. The output of the switch matrix circuit 2 is electrically connected to the control circuit 4 via a data acquisition circuit 6. This circuit is composed of core components such as the battery pack 1, switch matrix circuit 2, bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter 3, switch matrix drive circuit 4, data acquisition circuit 6, and control circuit 5. This circuit has a compact structure and comprehensive functions. Through precise switching control and algorithms, it achieves accurate detection and active balancing of battery voltage, providing strong support for the optimization of the battery management system. It integrates the active balancing circuit and voltage detection function into one, and can flexibly select the battery to be tested by means of the battery selection switch. In addition, this design also optimizes the framework and reduces costs.

[0050] In this circuit, the bidirectional flyback secondary switch and the bidirectional flyback primary switch are cleverly used for battery charging and discharging control, realizing bidirectional energy flow and simultaneously achieving voltage detection, battery charging, and battery discharging. This circuit can monitor the battery voltage in real time and automatically perform equalization operations as needed, without the need for an additional voltage detection module.

[0051] If certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components, those skilled in the art will understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in name, but rather on differences in function. The term "comprising" as used throughout the specification and claims is an open-ended term and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." "Approximately" means that within an acceptable margin of error, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem and substantially achieve the technical effect within a certain margin of error.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system that includes that element.

[0053] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit, comprising an electrically connected battery pack (1), a switching matrix circuit (2), and a bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3), characterized in that, The bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3) is electrically connected to a control circuit (4). The output terminal of the control circuit (4) is electrically connected to the switch matrix circuit (2) through the switch matrix drive circuit (5), and the output terminal of the switch matrix circuit (2) is electrically connected to the control circuit (4) through the acquisition circuit (6). The battery pack (1) includes several batteries connected in series. Each battery is electrically connected to a battery selection switch group. The battery selection switch group is electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3) through a rectifier switch group, and together with the bidirectional flyback DC connection switch KP5 of the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3), they form a rectifier circuit. The bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3) is electrically connected to a bidirectional flyback secondary switch KD1 and a bidirectional flyback primary switch KD2.

2. The bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery selection switch group includes selection switch K1, selection switch K2, selection switch K3, selection switch K4 and selection switch K5.

3. The bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifier switch group includes rectifier switch KP1, rectifier switch KP2, rectifier switch KP3 and rectifier switch KP4.

4. The bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gating switch K1, the gating switch K3 and the gating switch K5 are connected in parallel with the rectifier switch KP2 and the rectifier switch KP4; The gating switch K2 and the gating switch K4 are connected in parallel and then electrically connected to the rectifier switch KP1 and the rectifier switch KP3. The rectifier switch KP1 and the rectifier switch KP2 are connected in parallel and then electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback DC connection switch KP5.

5. The bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the bidirectional flyback secondary switch KD1, and a capacitor C2 is connected to the bidirectional flyback primary switch KD2.

6. The bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bus voltage of the battery pack (1) is output to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3), and the bus voltage of the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3) is input to the battery pack (1). The battery pack (1) outputs balanced current and battery voltage to the switch matrix circuit (2), and the switch matrix circuit (2) inputs balanced current to the battery pack (1). The switching matrix circuit (2) outputs a balanced signal to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3), and the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3) outputs a balanced signal to the switching matrix circuit (2).

7. The bidirectional flyback voltage detection combined active equalization circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3) feeds back the signal to the control circuit (4), and the control circuit (4) transmits the control signal to the bidirectional flyback DC-DC converter (3).

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