An electrically controlled anti-interference short circuit protection device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of electric control anti-interference short circuit protection device, it is related to circuit protection equipment, comprising: insulating shell;Break conductor;Break grid piece;Gas generating device;And main control board, one end of break conductor passes through main control board, the end of break conductor passing through main control board is detected end, four hall elements are equipped on main control board, four hall elements are respectively set in the magnetic induction intensity intersection position of the magnetic field generated under the set current of break conductor in steady state and transient state, and the orientation of four hall elements is along the magnetic field direction of intersection position, main control board connects gas generating device, for detecting the magnetic field around detected end according to four hall elements, and the current flowing through detected end is calculated according to magnetic field, and gas generating device is triggered when current exceeds predetermined current.The utility model has the beneficial effects that: avoid the noise current of break conductor to pass through physical connection and make main control board false trigger;It can be applied to alternating current circuit and direct current circuit protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit protection equipment technology, and in particular to an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device. Background Technology

[0002] An electrically controlled fuse is an intelligent protection device that combines the overcurrent protection function of a traditional fuse with modern electronic control technology. It monitors the circuit status in real time through current sensors and voltage detection circuits on the main control board and quickly triggers the fuse's breaking mechanism (pyrotechnic device) to cut off the circuit in the event of a fault. The circuit can operate within milliseconds (or even microseconds), far faster than the melting time of a traditional fuse. Currently, the current detection circuit on the main control board of an electrically controlled fuse connects to the breaking conductor via wires, physically connecting and conducting the circuit. It detects the current flowing through the breaking conductor, thus triggering the breaking mechanism. However, when a short circuit occurs, the stray current generated by the breaking conductor may be transmitted to the main control board through the wires, causing damage to the main control board. This can lead to erroneous current detection and triggering of the breaking mechanism, resulting in the electrically controlled fuse being falsely triggered. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, in order to solve the problem of the noise current generated by the interrupted conductor during a short circuit causing the electronically controlled fuse to be falsely triggered, the embodiments of this utility model provide an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device.

[0004] An embodiment of this utility model provides an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device, comprising:

[0005] Insulating outer casing;

[0006] A breaking conductor that traverses the insulating shell, wherein the portion of the breaking conductor located inside the insulating shell is provided with a groove;

[0007] A slidable grid plate is vertically slidably disposed within the insulating housing, and the slidable grid plate is vertically aligned with the groove.

[0008] A gas generating device is disposed inside the insulating housing and connected to the breaking grid plate to drive the breaking grid plate to move downward to cut the groove;

[0009] The main control board is mounted on one side of the insulating housing. One end of the breaking conductor passes through the main control board, and the end of the breaking conductor passing through the main control board is the detected end. The main control board is provided with four Hall elements. The four Hall elements are arranged around the detected end and are respectively arranged at the intersection of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the breaking conductor under the steady-state and transient set current. The orientation of the four Hall elements is along the magnetic field direction at the intersection. The main control board is connected to the gas generator and is used to detect the magnetic field around the detected end based on the four Hall elements, calculate the current flowing through the detected end based on the magnetic field, and control the gas generator to trigger when the current exceeds a predetermined current.

[0010] Furthermore, the set current is the breaking current of the electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device.

[0011] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the interrupting conductor is rectangular, with two Hall elements disposed above the interrupting conductor and two other Hall elements disposed below the interrupting conductor.

[0012] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the interrupting conductor is circular, and the four Hall elements are evenly spaced around the interrupting conductor.

[0013] Furthermore, the interrupting conductor is provided with two parallel grooves, and the interrupting grid is provided with two parallel cutters, the lower end of each cutter being vertically aligned with one of the grooves.

[0014] Furthermore, a fixing block is provided on the interrupting conductor between the two grooves, and a support seat is provided inside the insulating shell, with the fixing block supported on the support seat.

[0015] Furthermore, the insulating shell contains a clearance groove located below the two grooves, and an arc-extinguishing chamber connected to the clearance groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the groove is a trapezoidal groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the gas generating device is a pyrotechnic device.

[0018] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided in front of the insulating shell, the main control board is installed in the mounting groove and is arranged perpendicular to the breaking conductor, and the Hall element is installed on the front side of the main control board.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] 1. This utility model discloses an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device. The main control board uses four Hall elements to detect the magnetic field strength around the detected end of the interrupted conductor. The magnetic field generated by the external interference current during a short circuit exhibits a positive and negative characteristic on the interference signals generated by the four Hall elements. The magnetic field signal detected by each Hall element includes the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the interrupted conductor and the magnetic field generated by the external interference current. In this way, the magnetic field signals detected by the four Hall elements can be accumulated to a certain extent to offset the influence of the external interference source current. Then, based on the accumulation of the magnetic field signals, the magnitude of the current flowing through the interrupted conductor is determined. When the current exceeds the breaking current, the main control board controls the gas generator to trigger, driving the breaking grid to cut off the interrupted conductor, thereby protecting the circuit and effectively preventing the main control board from being falsely triggered by the stray current on the interrupted conductor.

[0021] 2. The present invention provides an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device, wherein four Hall elements are respectively set at the intersection of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the interrupting conductor under the set current in steady state and transient state. Based on the magnetic field intensity detected by the four Hall elements, steady state and transient current can be measured simultaneously, thereby enabling the electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device to be applied to the protection of AC circuits and DC circuits. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device according to this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device of this utility model in the non-triggered state;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the triggered state of an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device according to this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the four Hall elements in an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device according to this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution at the four Hall elements when an external interference source current appears on the right side of a rectangular open conductor.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution at the four Hall elements when an external interference source current appears above a rectangular open conductor;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution at the four Hall elements when an external interference source parallel to each Hall element appears around the periphery of the circular open conductor.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution at the four Hall elements when an external interference source, which is not parallel to each Hall element, appears around the periphery of the circular open conductor.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Insulating shell; 2. Breaking conductor; 3. Main control board; 4. Hall element; 5. Mounting groove; 6. Breaking grid; 7. Gas generator; 8. Detected end; 9. Cutter; 10. Groove; 11. Fixing block; 12. Clearance groove; 13. Arc extinguishing chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description presents a preferred embodiment of several possible embodiments of this utility model, intended to provide a basic understanding of the utility model, but not intended to identify the key or decisive elements of the utility model or to limit the scope of protection sought.

[0033] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0034] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0035] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures. Also, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the figures are not drawn to actual scale.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the circuits, electronic components and modules involved in this utility model are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon.

[0037] It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1-4The present invention provides an electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device, which is applied in the main circuit of a high-voltage circuit system. It mainly includes an insulating shell 1, a breaking conductor 2, a breaking grid 6, a gas generating device 7, and a main control board 3.

[0039] The insulating outer shell 1 is made of insulating material, typically plastic. The shape of the insulating outer shell 1 can be flexibly set according to the actual application scenario; for example, in this embodiment, the insulating outer shell 1 is a cuboid.

[0040] The breaking conductor 2 traverses the insulating shell 1, with both ends extending out of the insulating shell 1 to connect to the main circuit. The breaking conductor 2 is generally made of a metal conductor, such as copper in this embodiment. A groove 10 is provided inside the insulating shell 1 on the portion of the breaking conductor 2, forming a weak point that is easy to cut. The shape of the groove 10 can be flexibly set according to the actual application scenario; for example, in this embodiment, the groove 10 is a trapezoidal groove.

[0041] The breaking grid plate 6 is vertically slidable within the insulating housing 1, and the breaking grid plate 6 is vertically aligned with the groove 10. The gas generating device 7 is disposed within the insulating housing 1 and connected to the breaking grid plate 6 to drive the breaking grid plate 6 downward to cut the groove 10. Specifically, the insulating housing 1 has a vertical cylindrical sealed cavity, the breaking conductor 2 passes through the sealed cavity, and the groove 10 is located within the sealed cavity. The breaking grid plate 6 is vertically slidable within the sealed cavity. The lower end of the breaking grid plate 6 has a cutter 9, which is vertically aligned with the groove 10. The gas generating device 7 is generally a pyrotechnic device installed at the bottom of the sealed cavity and connected to the top of the breaking grid plate 6. When triggered, the gas generating device 7 drives the breaking grid plate 6 downward to cut the groove 10 via the cutter 9.

[0042] In some embodiments, when a large current flows through the main circuit of the high-voltage circuit system, the breaking conductor 2 has two parallel grooves 10, and the breaking grid 6 has two parallel cutters 9, with the lower end of each cutter 9 aligned vertically with one of the grooves 10. Upon triggering, the gas generating device 7 drives the breaking grid 6 downwards, allowing the two cutters 9 to simultaneously cut the two grooves 10. An arc is generated at the cut position of the grooves 10, forming an arc voltage. The arc voltages formed at the cut positions of the two grooves 10 are connected in series. When the overall arc voltage exceeds the power supply voltage in the main circuit, the current in the main circuit decreases rapidly, thereby cutting off the current on the breaking conductor 2, which in turn cuts off the current in the main circuit.

[0043] To ensure that the two grooves 10 are accurately cut, a fixing block 11 is provided on the breaking conductor 2 between the two grooves 10, and a support seat is provided inside the insulating shell 1, on which the fixing block 11 is supported. In this way, support points are formed at both ends of each groove 10, so that the groove 10 can be accurately cut.

[0044] To address the arc extinguishing issue arising after the grooves 10 are cut, the insulating outer shell 1 includes a clearance groove 12 located below the two grooves 10, and an arc-extinguishing chamber 13 connected to the clearance groove 12. After the cutting blade 9 of the breaking grid plate 6 cuts the grooves 10, it continues to move downwards, squeezing the arc generated at the cut of the grooves 10 downwards, causing the arc to move along the clearance groove 12 into the arc-extinguishing chamber 13. The arc-extinguishing chamber 13 contains quartz sand arc-extinguishing material, and the arc is rapidly extinguished upon entering the arc-extinguishing chamber 13.

[0045] The main control board 3 is mounted on one side of the insulating housing 1. One end of the breaking conductor 2 passes through the main control board 3, and the end of the breaking conductor 2 passing through the main control board 3 is the detected end 8. The main control board 3 is provided with four Hall elements 4. Here, the insulating housing 1 has a mounting groove 5 at the front, and the main control board 3 is mounted in the mounting groove 5 and is perpendicular to the breaking conductor 2. The four Hall elements 4 are mounted on the front side of the main control board 3.

[0046] The four Hall elements 4 are arranged around the detected end 8 and respectively at the intersection of the magnetic induction intensities of the magnetic fields generated by the switching conductor 2 under steady-state and transient set currents. The intersection points can be determined by the intersection of magnetic field lines. The orientation of the four Hall elements 4 is along the direction of the magnetic field at the intersection point. The main control board 3 is connected to the gas generator 7 and is used to detect the magnetic field around the detected end 8 based on the four Hall elements 4, calculate the current flowing through the detected end 8 based on the magnetic field, and control the gas generator 7 to trigger when the current exceeds a predetermined current. Here, the magnetic fields detected by the four Hall elements 4 are accumulated and averaged. This average value is linearly proportional to the current flowing through the conductor, thereby allowing the calculation of the current flowing through the detected end 8.

[0047] It should be noted that when a steady-state (DC) current flows through the interrupting conductor 2, the current density distribution within the conductor 2 is uniform. However, when a transient (AC) current flows through the conductor 2, the transient current exhibits a skin effect, and the current density concentrates on the surface of the conductor 2. This results in a significant difference in the magnetic field distribution around the interrupting conductor 2 when the steady-state and transient currents of the same amplitude are flowing through it. Here, the intersection point of the magnetic induction intensities of the magnetic fields generated under the set steady-state and transient currents is selected. For the interrupting conductor 2 with a fixed position, the magnetic induction intensity at a fixed point around it corresponds to the magnitude of the current flowing through the conductor 2. Therefore, under a set magnetic induction intensity, the current flowing through the corresponding interrupting conductor 2 is determined. Therefore, the specific spatial position of the Hall element 4, when the interrupted conductor 2 is energized with a steady-state current or other arbitrary transient current, allows the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity generated by the current passing through the interrupted conductor 2 detected by each Hall element 4 to be related only to the amplitude of the current in the interrupted conductor 2, and not to the transient characteristics of the current. Therefore, both steady-state current and transient current can be detected simultaneously.

[0048] Therefore, the set current can be flexibly set according to the actual application scenario. Generally, the set current can be set to the breaking current of the electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device. Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment displays a schematic diagram of the distribution of the four Hall elements H1 to H4 when the breaking current is 25kA.

[0049] When there is an external interference source current in the interrupted conductor 2, since the four Hall elements 4 are set around the detected end 8 of the interrupted conductor 2, the magnetic field formed by the external interference current generated during the short circuit has a positive and negative characteristic on the interference signal generated by the four Hall elements 4. The magnetic field signal detected by each Hall element 4 includes the magnetic field generated by the current passing through the interrupted conductor 2 and the magnetic field generated by the external interference current. In this way, the magnetic field signals detected by the four Hall elements 4 can be accumulated to a certain extent to offset the influence of the external interference source current. Then, based on the accumulation of the magnetic field signals, the magnitude of the current passing through the interrupted conductor 2 is determined. When the current exceeds the breaking current, the main control board 3 controls the gas generator 7 to be triggered, driving the interrupted grid 6 to cut off the interrupted conductor 2, thereby protecting the circuit and effectively preventing the main control board from being falsely triggered by the noise on the main circuit copper busbar through the physical connection.

[0050] like Figure 6As shown, the longitudinal section of the interrupting conductor 2 is rectangular. The intersection of the magnetic induction intensities of the magnetic fields generated by the four Hall elements H1 to H4 under steady-state and transient set currents is shown. Two Hall elements, H1 and H3, are positioned above the interrupting conductor 2, and the other two Hall elements, H2 and H4, are positioned below it. Hall elements H1 and H3 face to the right, and Hall elements H2 and H4 face to the left. The magnetic field strength generated by the current passing through the interrupting conductor 2 is the same at each of the four Hall elements 4.

[0051] When an external interference source current Id appears on the right side of the interrupted conductor 2, Id is on the same horizontal line as the interrupted conductor 2. The external interference source current forms a magnetic field in the four Hall elements H1 to H4, with the magnetic field lines pointing clockwise. The horizontal components at Hall elements H1 and H3 are pointing to the right, and the horizontal components at Hall elements H2 and H4 are pointing to the right. All four Hall elements 4 are positive polarities. Thus, the magnetic field signals detected by the four Hall elements 4 are accumulated, and the magnetic fields generated by the external interference source current Id cancel each other out, making the horizontal components obtained by the four Hall elements 4 very small and negligible. In this way, the influence of the external interference source current Id is offset to a certain extent.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, when an external interference source current Id appears above the interrupted conductor 2, the external interference source current Id is located on the vertical line of the center of the interrupted conductor 2. The external interference source current Id forms a magnetic field at the four Hall elements H1 to H4, with the magnetic field lines pointing clockwise. The directions of Hall elements H1 and H2 are exactly opposite, so the output polarities of Hall elements H1 and H2 are opposite, and their amplitudes differ due to the difference in their radii from Id. Similarly, the output signals of Hall elements H3 and H4 are opposite in polarity, and their amplitudes also differ due to the difference in their radii from Id. Thus, the magnetic field signals detected by the four Hall elements 4 are accumulated, and the magnetic fields generated by the external interference source current Id cancel each other out, making the horizontal component obtained by the four Hall elements 4 very small and negligible. This, to a certain extent, cancels out the influence of the external interference source current Id.

[0053] like Figure 8As shown, the longitudinal section of the interrupting conductor 2 is circular, and four Hall elements 4 are evenly spaced around the interrupting conductor 2. When an external interference source current Id appears around the periphery of the interrupting conductor 2, parallel to each Hall element 4, the external interference source current Id forms a magnetic field at the four Hall elements H1 to H4, with the magnetic field lines pointing clockwise. The directions of Hall elements H1 and H2 are exactly opposite, and the output polarities and amplitudes of Hall elements H1 and H2 are the same. Furthermore, the output signals of Hall elements H3 and H4 have opposite polarities, and their amplitudes also differ due to the difference in their radii from Id. The magnetic field signals detected by these four Hall elements 4 are accumulated, calculated, and then averaged. The accumulated magnetic field result generated by the external interference source current Id is close to 0, thus canceling out the influence of the external interference source current Id.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, the longitudinal section of the interrupting conductor 2 is circular, and four Hall elements 4 are evenly spaced around the interrupting conductor 2. When an external interference source current Id, which is not parallel to each Hall element 4, appears around the interrupting conductor 2, the external interference source current Id forms a magnetic field at the four Hall elements H1 to H4, with the magnetic field lines pointing clockwise. The output polarities of Hall elements H1 and H2 are opposite. The output signals of Hall elements H3 and H4 are positively polarized, and the amplitudes of the output signals of Hall elements H1 and H3 also differ due to the difference in their radii from Id. Similarly, the magnetic field signals detected by these four Hall elements 4 are accumulated, calculated, and then averaged. The accumulated magnetic field result generated by the external interference source current Id is close to 0, thus canceling out the influence of the external interference source current Id.

[0055] In this document, the directional terms such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined based on the position of the components in the accompanying drawings and their relative positions to each other, solely for the purpose of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that these are relative concepts and can vary depending on different methods of use and placement; the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0056] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described above can be combined with each other. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device, characterized in that, include: Insulating outer casing; A breaking conductor that traverses the insulating shell, wherein the portion of the breaking conductor located inside the insulating shell is provided with a groove; A slidable grid plate is vertically slidably disposed within the insulating housing, and the slidable grid plate is vertically aligned with the groove. A gas generating device is disposed inside the insulating housing and connected to the breaking grid plate to drive the breaking grid plate to move downward to cut the groove; The main control board is mounted on one side of the insulating housing. One end of the breaking conductor passes through the main control board, and the end of the breaking conductor passing through the main control board is the detected end. The main control board is provided with four Hall elements. The four Hall elements are arranged around the detected end and are respectively arranged at the intersection of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the breaking conductor under the steady-state and transient set current. The orientation of the four Hall elements is along the magnetic field direction at the intersection. The main control board is connected to the gas generator and is used to detect the magnetic field around the detected end based on the four Hall elements, calculate the current flowing through the detected end based on the magnetic field, and control the gas generator to trigger when the current exceeds a predetermined current.

2. The electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The set current is the breaking current of the electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device.

3. The electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the interrupting conductor is rectangular, with two Hall elements positioned above the interrupting conductor and two other Hall elements positioned below it.

4. The electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the interrupting conductor is circular, and the four Hall elements are evenly spaced around the interrupting conductor.

5. The electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The interrupting conductor has two parallel grooves, and the interrupting grid has two parallel cutters, with the lower end of each cutter aligned vertically with one of the grooves.

6. The electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A fixing block is provided on the interrupting conductor between the two grooves, and a support base is provided inside the insulating shell, with the fixing block supported on the support base.

7. The electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The insulating shell contains a clearance groove located below the two grooves, and an arc-extinguishing chamber connected to the clearance groove.

8. The electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The groove is a trapezoidal groove.

9. The electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gas generating device is a pyrotechnic device.

10. The electronically controlled anti-interference short-circuit protection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating shell has a mounting groove at the front, the main control board is installed in the mounting groove and is perpendicular to the breaking conductor, and the Hall element is installed on the front side of the main control board.

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