Straw smashing and banding machine with homeward function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of straw pulverization zonal field return machines with homing function, belong to agricultural machinery technical field, including frame, the frame front end upper middle part is provided with three-point linkage mechanism, the three-point linkage mechanism rear is provided with gearbox, the gearbox rear is connected with transmission device, the transmission device lower side is connected with cutting pulverization device, the frame both sides are provided with ditching and covering shovel, the ditching and covering shovel inboard is provided with flow guide device, the frame rear is provided with depth device, the frame front end lower side is provided with straw homing device. The utility model adopts above-mentioned one kind of straw pulverization zonal field return machine with homing function, by concave surface grass-pulling disc wheel tooth directional collection straw, cutting pulverization device is driven by transmission device, pulverized straw is introduced into deep ditch by flow guide device, ditching and covering shovel complete covering, realize the high efficiency, low power consumption operation of straw homing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and specifically discloses a straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function. Background Technology

[0002] Corn plays an important role in agricultural production. As corn production capacity increases, the total amount of straw resources also increases. However, the transformation of rural economic structure and the increase in residents' income have led to significant changes in traditional straw utilization methods. This has resulted in a phenomenon where the comprehensive utilization rate of straw fluctuates inversely with the demand for technology, causing regional straw resource surplus problems.

[0003] Excessive crop straw, if improperly disposed of, can cause serious environmental and ecological harm. Discarding it in farmland can pollute natural water bodies, leading to eutrophication; open burning pollutes the air, easily causes fires, accelerates soil erosion, and reduces soil quality, such as decreasing organic matter and hardening, ultimately resulting in reduced crop yields. Returning crop straw to the field is an effective solution that not only achieves the recycling of agricultural waste but also improves soil moisture retention, enhances microbial activity, increases soil fertility, and promotes green agricultural development.

[0004] Currently, domestic and foreign straw returning machines mainly adopt modes such as crushing and covering, shallow rotary mixing and burying, and deep burying. Side-sweeping straw deep burying machines require additional straw alignment operations, which increases the time spent on the process and easily leads to straw blockage after crushing, affecting the efficiency of operation. At the same time, the straw deep burying machine is prone to blockage in the guide device, and the crushed straw is easy to accumulate and block at the guide plate, affecting the smooth backfilling of straw into the soil and restricting the effect of returning straw to the field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function. The concave grass-removing disc in the straw tracing device cuts into the straw layer and soil surface along the tangential direction, directionally collecting the straw to the working area. Then, the cutting and crushing device cuts and crushes the surface straw and buries it, solving the problems of redundant operation process and flow blockage, improving work efficiency, reducing power consumption, and promoting the recycling of agricultural waste and soil improvement.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a straw crushing and strip returning machine with a folding function, including a frame, and a straw folding device is provided at the lower front end of the frame; the straw folding device includes a concave straw-removing disc, a connecting plate, a fixing mechanism, a spring shaft, a contour plate, and a connecting mechanism. The fixing mechanism fixes the straw folding device on the frame, the connecting plate is connected to the fixing mechanism, the contour plate is connected below the connecting plate, the spring shaft is provided between the contour plate and the connecting plate, and the concave straw-removing disc is connected below the contour plate through the connecting mechanism.

[0007] A three-point suspension mechanism is provided at the upper middle of the front end of the frame. A gearbox is provided behind the three-point suspension mechanism. A transmission device is connected to the gearbox. Two cutting and crushing devices are connected below the transmission device. A trenching and covering shovel is provided on each side of the frame. A flow guiding device is provided on the inner side of the trenching and covering shovel. A depth limiting device is provided at the rear of the frame.

[0008] Preferably, the cutting and shredding device is provided with an anti-cut housing. The cutting and shredding device includes a cutter disc, a moving blade, a fixed blade, a transmission shaft, and a locking buckle. The moving blade is connected to the cutter disc by riveting. The moving blade can rotate freely around the riveting point. The moving blade adopts a double-layer design. The fixed blade is welded inside the anti-cut housing and is located in the middle of the moving blade.

[0009] Preferably, the two concave straw-removing discs on the straw-collecting device are arranged in a V-shape.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission device uses belt drive and gear drive.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission device is provided with a dustproof housing.

[0012] Therefore, this utility model adopts the above-mentioned straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function. The concave grass-removing disc in the straw tracing device cuts into the straw layer and soil surface along the tangential direction, directionally collecting the straw to the working area. At the same time, the spring shaft and the contour rod cooperate to adapt to the terrain changes and maintain a constant soil penetration depth. The tractor's power output shaft drives the gearbox through a universal coupling, and then drives the cutting and crushing device to rotate in opposite directions through the transmission device. The surface straw is cut and crushed and then thrown into the guide device. The crushed straw is guided by the guide device into the trench dug by the ditching and covering shovel to complete the soil covering. This solves the problems of complex operation process and guide blockage, significantly improves the working efficiency of straw crushing and returning to the field, reduces power consumption, allows straw to enter the soil layer more smoothly, improves the straw returning effect, and promotes the recycling of agricultural waste and soil improvement.

[0013] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function according to this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a top view of a straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function according to this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a straw crushing and returning machine with a tracing function according to this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the straw aligning device in a straw crushing and returning machine with aligning function according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure Labels

[0019] 1. Frame; 2. Three-point suspension mechanism; 3. Gearbox; 4. Transmission device; 5. Dustproof housing; 6. Depth limiting device; 7. Trenching and covering shovel; 8. Cutting and crushing device; 9. Anti-cut housing; 10. Concave grass-removing disc; 11. Flow guiding device; 12. Connecting plate; 13. Fixing mechanism; 14. Spring shaft; 15. Contour plate; 16. Connecting mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this utility model shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this utility model do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This utility model provides a straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes a frame 1, and a three-point suspension mechanism 2 is provided at the middle of the upper front end of the frame 1. The three-point suspension mechanism 2 is used to connect to the tractor in front.

[0024] A gearbox 3 is located behind the three-point suspension mechanism 2. When the tractor's power output shaft rotates, the universal coupling smoothly and accurately transmits power to the gearbox 3 at the rear. A transmission device 4 is connected to the gearbox 3. In this embodiment, the transmission device 4 includes gears, belts, and axles. The power output from the gearbox 3 is transmitted through the transmission device 4 to the two cutting and crushing devices 8 connected below, so that the left and right cutting and crushing devices 8 rotate in opposite directions. The high-speed rotation of the cutting and crushing devices 8 can further cut and crush the straw scattered on the ground by the corn harvester.

[0025] In this embodiment, the cutting and shredding device 8 consists of a cutter disc, moving blades, fixed blades, a transmission shaft, a locking mechanism, and a cut-resistant housing 9. The moving blades are connected to the cutter disc by riveting, allowing them to rotate freely around the riveting point and thus a larger cutting range. The moving blades feature a double-layer design, with the fixed blades welded inside the cut-resistant housing 9 and positioned between the two layers of moving blades. This single-sided support structure enables staggered cutting, significantly improving the operating efficiency of the cutting and shredding device 8.

[0026] A straw-collecting device is installed at the lower front end of frame 1, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the straw-gathering device includes a concave weed-removing disc 10, a connecting plate 12, a fixing mechanism 13, a spring shaft 14, a contour plate 15, and a connecting mechanism 16. The fixing mechanism 13 fixes the straw-gathering device to the frame 1. The connecting plate 12 is connected to the fixing mechanism 13, and a contour plate 15 is connected below the connecting plate 12. A spring shaft 14 is provided between the contour plate 15 and the connecting plate 12. Two contour plates 15 are connected below each connecting plate 12. Each contour plate 15 is connected to a concave weed-removing disc 10 through the connecting mechanism 13. The two concave weed-removing discs 10 on each straw-gathering device are arranged in a V-shape with a certain gap in the middle. The V-shaped design can improve the efficiency of straw-gathering, reduce the gaps between straws, and make the overall structure of the machine more compact. In uneven fields, the relatively small contact area at the bottom of the V-shaped structure allows it to better conform to the ground and adapt to complex terrain.

[0027] The contour plate 15, combined with the spring shaft 14, can achieve a constant soil penetration depth for the concave grass-removing disc 10 according to different terrains. When passing over a surface protrusion, the spring shaft 14 spring tightens, and the concave grass-removing disc 10 moves upward relative to the horizontal plane. When passing over a surface depression, the spring shaft 14 spring extends, and the concave grass-removing disc 10 moves downward relative to the horizontal plane. Throughout the entire process of movement, the concave grass-removing disc 10 maintains a constant soil penetration depth.

[0028] A trenching and covering shovel 7 is installed on each side of the frame 1. The trenching and covering shovel 7 covers the soil on the cut and crushed straw. A flow guiding device 11 is installed on the inner side of the trenching and covering shovel 7. The flow guiding device 11 can ensure that the straw can fall into the soil depth in a short time.

[0029] A depth limiting device 6 is installed at the rear of the frame 1. The depth limiting device 6 can control the height of the cutting and crushing device relative to the soil layer.

[0030] The straw crushing and strip returning machine with a row-alignment function described in this embodiment operates as follows:

[0031] The tractor is connected to the three-point suspension mechanism 2, which in turn drives the entire straw crushing and returning machine with the returning function forward. The straw returning device is driven and rotates passively. The concave grass-removing disc 10 teeth cut into the surface of the broken straw layer and soil layer from far to near along the tangential direction, crushing the straw and soil underneath. The teeth cut in sequence to ensure the stability of the straw returning operation.

[0032] The tractor's power take-off shaft drives the gearbox 3 via a universal coupling, which in turn drives the belt, pulley, and gear in the transmission device 4, ultimately causing the cutting and crushing device 8 to rotate in opposite directions. This device cuts and crushes the surface straw, then evenly spreads the crushed straw onto the concave guide device 11. Under its action, the chopped straw is guided into the deep trench dug by the trenching and covering shovel 7, and the soil is covered on top of the chopped straw, completing the entire straw burial and returning process to the field.

[0033] Therefore, this utility model adopts the above-mentioned straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function. The concave grass-removing disc in the straw tracing device cuts into the straw layer and soil surface along the tangential direction, directionally collecting the straw to the working area. At the same time, the spring shaft and the contour rod cooperate to adapt to the terrain changes and maintain a constant soil penetration depth. The tractor's power output shaft drives the gearbox through a universal coupling, and then drives the cutting and crushing device to rotate in opposite directions through the transmission device. The surface straw is cut and crushed and then thrown into the guide device. The crushed straw is guided by the guide device into the deep trench dug by the ditching and covering shovel to complete the soil covering. This solves the problems of complicated operation process and guide blockage, significantly improves the working efficiency of straw crushing and returning to the field, reduces power consumption, allows straw to enter the deep soil layer more smoothly, improves the straw returning to the field effect, and promotes the recycling of agricultural waste and soil improvement.

[0034] To verify the working effect of the straw crushing and strip returning machine with the row-aligning function described in this embodiment, static analysis and simulation tests were conducted to determine the optimal working parameters, as shown in Table 1. A prototype was also made for field testing.

[0035] Table 1 Optimal parameters for experimental indicators

[0036]

[0037] In field trials, the actual straw leakage rate was 12.69%, and the working resistance was 99.3 N.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solution of this utility model, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A straw crushing and strip-shaped returning machine with a tracing function, characterized in that: The device includes a frame, with a straw-gathering device located below the front end of the frame. The straw-gathering device includes a concave straw-removing disc, a connecting plate, a fixing mechanism, a spring shaft, a contour plate, and a connecting mechanism. The fixing mechanism fixes the straw-gathering device to the frame. The connecting plate is connected to the fixing mechanism. The contour plate is connected below the connecting plate. The spring shaft is located between the contour plate and the connecting plate. The concave straw-removing disc is connected below the contour plate via the connecting mechanism. A three-point suspension mechanism is provided at the upper middle of the front end of the frame. A gearbox is provided behind the three-point suspension mechanism. A transmission device is connected to the gearbox. Two cutting and crushing devices are connected below the transmission device. A trenching and covering shovel is provided on each side of the frame. A flow guiding device is provided on the inner side of the trenching and covering shovel. A depth limiting device is provided at the rear of the frame.

2. The straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting and shredding device is provided with an anti-cutting shell. The cutting and shredding device includes a cutter disc, a moving blade, a fixed blade, a transmission cutter shaft, and a locking buckle. The moving blade is connected to the cutter disc by riveting. The moving blade can rotate freely around the riveting point. The moving blade adopts a double-layer design. The fixed blade is welded inside the anti-cutting shell and is located in the middle of the moving blade.

3. The straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two concave straw-removing discs on the straw-collecting device are arranged in a V-shape.

4. A straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission device uses belt drive and gear drive.

5. A straw crushing and strip returning machine with a tracing function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission device is equipped with a dustproof housing.

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