A PCB drilling defect checking and classifying device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of verification and classification device of PCB drilling defect, belong to PCB processing equipment technical field;It includes: first conveying component, hole checking component, second conveying steering component and third conveying separation component, first conveying component includes the first conveyor belt for conveying longitudinal arrangement PCB;Hole checking component includes erecting in the hole checking machine of first conveyor belt upper, hole checking machine can detect the quality of drilling on PCB and judge whether it is qualified;Second conveying steering component includes two juxtaposition second conveyor belts, the input end of second conveyor belt is connected with the output end of first conveyor belt;Two second conveyor belts can be adjusted to horizontal arrangement by speed difference unqualified PCB;Third conveying separation component is used to separate horizontal arrangement and longitudinal arrangement PCB.The utility model can change the arrangement state of PCB using the speed difference of two conveyors, and separate qualified and unqualified PCB.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of PCB board processing equipment technology, and in particular to a device for checking and classifying PCB board drilling defects. Background Technology

[0002] A PCB, or printed circuit board, is an important electronic component. It serves as the support for electronic components and the carrier for their electrical interconnections. Because it is manufactured using electronic printing techniques, it is called a "printed" circuit board. After drilling, PCBs require hole inspection to check for issues such as hole size, excessive or insufficient holes.

[0003] Existing hole inspection methods generally involve using hole inspection machines to test them. However, existing hole inspection machines require separating unqualified PCBs from qualified PCBs during hole inspection. However, existing separation equipment has a complex structure, poor stability, and a high failure rate, which affects the entire hole inspection and classification process. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a device for checking and classifying PCB board drilling defects in order to solve the problems of complex mechanisms and high failure rates of existing separation equipment.

[0005] This utility model provides a device for checking and classifying PCB board drilling defects, including: A first conveying assembly, the first conveying assembly including a first conveyor belt for conveying longitudinally arranged PCB boards; A hole inspection assembly, comprising a hole inspection machine mounted above the first conveyor belt, the hole inspection machine being able to inspect the quality of drilled holes on a PCB board and determine whether they are qualified; The second conveyor steering assembly includes two parallel second conveyor belts, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the first conveyor belt; the two second conveyor belts can adjust the defective PCB boards to a horizontal arrangement by means of a speed difference. The third conveyor separation component is used to separate horizontally and vertically arranged PCB boards.

[0006] Furthermore, the second conveyor belt includes a rubber belt and a servo motor. The rubber belt is fitted onto the output end of the servo motor, and the servo motor can precisely adjust the traveling speed and direction of the rubber belt.

[0007] Furthermore, the two second conveyor belts are arranged in parallel, and the side gap between the two second conveyor belts is less than 10mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the two sides of the hole inspection machine are fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt via brackets, forming a closed space between the hole inspection machine and the first conveyor belt. The hole inspection machine can perform hole position accuracy, hole position size, hole wall quality, and hole blockage detection on PCB boards passing through the closed space.

[0009] Furthermore, the third conveying and separating assembly includes a third conveyor belt for conveying transversely arranged PCB boards, the input end of the third conveyor belt being connected to the output end of the second conveyor belt; a gap is formed between the two third conveyor belts to allow longitudinally arranged PCB boards to pass through, and the third conveyor belt is capable of carrying and transporting the ends of transversely arranged PCB boards.

[0010] Furthermore, the interval between the two third conveyor belts is greater than the width of the PCB board but less than the length of the PCB board.

[0011] Furthermore, the bearing plane of the third conveyor belt is coplanar with the bearing plane of the second conveyor belt.

[0012] Furthermore, a fourth conveyor belt is provided at the end of the third conveyor belt away from the second conveyor belt. The fourth conveyor belt is arranged perpendicular to the third conveyor belt and located between the two third conveyor belts. The fourth conveyor belt can drive defective PCB boards to be output from one side of the third conveyor belt.

[0013] Furthermore, the third conveying separation component also includes a fifth conveyor belt, which is disposed in the interval between the two third conveyor belts. The fifth conveyor belt is disposed at an angle relative to the third conveyor belt, and the input end of the fifth conveyor belt is connected to the output end of the third conveyor belt, while the output end of the fifth conveyor belt is disposed relatively far away from the third conveyor belt.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention discloses a PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device, comprising a second conveyor steering assembly and a third conveyor separation assembly. The second conveyor steering assembly includes two parallel second conveyor belts, with the input end of the second conveyor belt connected to the output end of the first conveyor belt. By controlling the difference in running speed between the two second conveyor belts, longitudinally aligned PCB boards simultaneously contacting the two conveyor belts can be rotated relative to each other into a transverse arrangement, thus presenting two different arrangement states for qualified and unqualified PCB boards. The third conveyor separation assembly can separate qualified and unqualified PCB boards according to the different transverse and longitudinal arrangement states. The overall system structure is simplified, reducing manufacturing costs and failure rates, making it particularly suitable for high-throughput PCB board production lines. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model. Figure 2 .

[0016] In the diagram, 100 is the first conveying component; 110 is the first conveyor belt. Hole inspection assembly; 210. Hole inspection machine; 300. Second conveyor steering assembly; 310. Second conveyor belt; 311. Rubber belt; 312. Servo motor 400. Third conveyor separation assembly; 410. Third conveyor belt; 420. Fourth conveyor belt; 430. Fifth conveyor belt; 500, PCB board. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0018] This embodiment describes a device for verifying and classifying PCB board drilling defects, which relates to the field of PCB board processing equipment technology. By changing the speed between two conveyor belts to create a speed difference, the defective PCB board 500 is rotated from longitudinal to transverse. By utilizing the different lengths and widths of the PCB boards 500, the device can accurately separate the PCB boards 500 with different longitudinal and transverse arrangements. This device has the advantages of improving detection efficiency, reducing the missed detection rate, avoiding cross-contamination, and reducing damage to the board surface.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 Figure 2 This embodiment of a PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device includes: a first conveying component 100, a hole inspection component 200, a second conveying deflection component 300, and a third conveying separation component 400. The first conveying component 100 includes a first conveyor belt 110 for conveying longitudinally arranged PCB boards 500, which can convey the longitudinally arranged PCB boards 500 at a uniform speed. The hole inspection component 200 includes a hole inspection machine 210 mounted above the first conveyor belt 110. The hole inspection machine 210 can identify hole defects through a high-precision camera and image processing system to determine whether the corresponding PCB board 500 is qualified.

[0020] The second conveyor steering assembly 300 includes two parallel second conveyor belts 310. The input end of the second conveyor belt 310 is connected to the output end of the first conveyor belt 110. By controlling the difference in running speed between the two second conveyor belts 310, the longitudinal PCB boards 500 simultaneously contacting the two second conveyor belts 310 can be rotated relative to each other into a transverse arrangement, thus presenting two different arrangement states for qualified and unqualified PCB boards 500. The third conveyor separation assembly 400 can separate qualified and unqualified PCB boards 500 according to the different transverse and longitudinal arrangement states. The overall system structure is simplified, reducing manufacturing costs and failure rates, and is particularly suitable for high-throughput PCB board 500 production lines.

[0021] This solution achieves continuous separation through the movement of the sheet metal itself, increasing processing speed by approximately 30%. The simplified mechanical structure reduces failure points by more than 60% and extends the maintenance cycle to three times that of the original system.

[0022] During operation, the longitudinally conveyed PCB boards 500 are inspected by the hole inspection machine 210. When qualified boards enter the second conveyor steering assembly 300, the two second conveyor belts 310 maintain the same speed, and the qualified boards continue to be conveyed longitudinally into the third conveyor separation assembly 400. When unqualified boards enter the second conveyor steering assembly 300, the speed difference between the two second conveyor belts 310 causes the PCB boards 500 to rotate 90 degrees to a transverse arrangement. The rotated PCB boards 500 then enter the third conveyor separation assembly 400, where qualified and unqualified PCB boards 500 are physically separated due to their different arrangement. This process requires no mechanical clamping or flipping; classification is achieved solely through conveyor belt speed control and spatial layout.

[0023] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The second conveyor belt 310 includes a rubber belt 311 and a servo motor 312. The rubber belt 311 is fitted onto the output end of the servo motor 312. The synergistic effect of the rubber belt 311 and the servo motor 312 can adapt to the turning requirements of PCB boards 500 of different sizes. The soft rubber belt 311 cannot scratch the PCB board 500. The servo motor 312 can precisely adjust the traveling speed and direction of the rubber belt 311 to achieve precise control of the rotation angle of the PCB board 500.

[0024] In practical implementation, the rubber belt 311 can be made of styrene-butadiene rubber or silicone material. Its surface can be textured with anti-slip patterns to increase friction with the PCB board 500. The soft texture of rubber or silicone helps prevent scratches on the PCB board 500. The servo motor 312 can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor with an encoder, adjusting the output shaft's speed and direction through real-time feedback signals. A pulley is installed at the output end of the servo motor 312, and the conveyor belt is fitted onto the pulley, which drives the conveyor belt to rotate relative to it.

[0025] When a defective PCB board 500 is detected, the control system sends differentiated speed commands to the two servo motors 312. The left servo motor 312 can briefly increase its speed, while the right servo motor 312 maintains a constant speed or rotates in the opposite direction. This causes the PCB board 500 to deflect at an angle under the differential friction of the rubber belt 311, ultimately completing the arrangement adjustment from longitudinal to lateral. The rubber belt 311 continuously supports the PCB board 500 during the movement, and its elastic properties can buffer the mechanical impact during the turning process.

[0026] It is necessary to add explanation on how to adjust the speed difference between the two second conveyor belts 310 and the time to maintain the speed difference for different PCB boards 500.

[0027] For a flat rectangular object (PCB board 500), it can be simplified to: θ≈k*ΔV*t, where k is the experimentally calibrated proportionality coefficient (related to friction and the mass distribution of the object), ΔV is the velocity difference, and t is the time of action.

[0028] Fix a suitable Δv (e.g., 0.1 m / s), gradually increase t (0.1 s, 0.2 s, ...), and measure the rotation angle θ. Plot the θ-t curve and fit the proportionality coefficient k to obtain the proportionality coefficient k for different PCB boards.

[0029] By fixing the rotation angle θ (90°) and a suitable Δv, the action time t can be obtained. According to the above formula, the angle of the corresponding PCB board 500 can be changed by controlling the speed difference of the servo motor 312 and the holding time of the speed difference.

[0030] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The two second conveyor belts 310 are arranged in parallel, with a side gap of less than 10 mm. By limiting the two rubber belts 311 to be parallel and the gap to less than 10 mm, stable steering can be achieved directly by utilizing the clamping action of the belts on the PCB board 500 without adding complex structures, simplifying the equipment layout and improving reliability.

[0031] In the specific implementation process, the two second conveyor belts 310 extend in the same direction and do not intersect. This can be achieved by using a horizontally aligned installation method to ensure that the PCB board 500 is subjected to uniform force during transmission. The vertical distance between adjacent sides of the second conveyor belts 310 is limited to a certain range. This can be achieved by adjusting the pulley spacing or installing a positioning structure to prevent the PCB board 500 from shifting or getting stuck due to excessive gaps during turning.

[0032] When a defective PCB board 500 is conveyed to the second conveyor steering assembly 300, the two second conveyor belts 310 generate a speed difference controlled by a servo motor 312, causing the PCB board 500 to gradually rotate into a lateral arrangement. Because the two belts are parallel and have a small side gap, the PCB board 500 is always confined within the belt gap range during the steering process, preventing positional shift or tilting due to excessive gap. Simultaneously, the friction on the surface of the rubber belt 311 effectively clamps the edges of the PCB board 500, ensuring stable completion of the steering action.

[0033] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The hole inspection machine 210 is fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt 110 on both sides by brackets, and a closed space is formed between the hole inspection machine 210 and the first conveyor belt. The hole inspection machine 210 is fixed by brackets and a closed space is formed, which simplifies the equipment structure and covers key indicators such as hole position accuracy, size, hole wall quality and blockage through multi-dimensional detection, which significantly improves the comprehensiveness and reliability of detection.

[0034] In practical implementation, the support can be implemented using a metal frame or an adjustable-height support rod. Its function is to provide a stable mounting base for the hole inspection machine 210 and avoid errors caused by vibration during the inspection process. The closed space is a relatively enclosed area formed between the hole inspection machine 210 and the conveyor belt. It can be achieved by adjusting the vertical distance between the hole inspection machine 210 and the conveyor belt. Its function is to provide a stable inspection environment for the PCB board 500 and reduce external interference.

[0035] When the PCB board 500 enters the closed space along the first conveyor belt 110, the hole inspection machine 210 is kept in a fixed position by a bracket to avoid affecting the inspection accuracy due to mechanical vibration. The closed space confines the PCB board 500 within a stable inspection area. Optical sensors and probes sequentially measure the hole position accuracy and size, a microscope camera scans the hole wall surface, and an air pressure detection device applies airflow into the hole to determine if there is a blockage. All inspection data is transmitted to the control system in real time. If any non-conformity is found, subsequent sorting actions are triggered.

[0036] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1The third conveyor separation assembly 400 includes a third conveyor belt 410 for conveying a horizontally arranged PCB board 500. The input end of the third conveyor belt 410 is connected to the output end of the second conveyor belt 310. The third conveyor belt 410 can receive the horizontally arranged PCB board 500 from the second conveyor belt.

[0037] A gap is formed between the two third conveyor belts 410, allowing the longitudinally arranged PCB board 500 to pass through. The third conveyor belt 410 can carry and transport the ends of the transversely arranged PCB board 500. Through the fixed gap formed between the two third conveyor belts 410 and the end-carrying configuration, the separation action can be completed solely by utilizing the layout differences of the PCB board 500, reducing the number of mechanical parts and lowering the risk of equipment failure.

[0038] In the specific implementation process, the gap refers to the gap area formed between the two third conveyor belts 410. This can be achieved by adjusting the conveyor belt spacing. The spacing must meet the width requirements of the longitudinally arranged PCB board 500, so that the longitudinal board can pass directly through the gap into the downstream process.

[0039] After the second conveyor steering assembly 300 adjusts the defective PCB board 500 to a horizontal arrangement, the horizontal board is conveyed to the input end of the third conveyor belt 410, where its two ends are supported and transported synchronously by two third conveyor belts 410 respectively; while the qualified vertically arranged PCB board 500 directly enters the subsequent process through the gap between the two third conveyor belts 410. Since the horizontal board only needs end support for stable transport, the third conveyor belt 410 does not need to cover the entire bottom surface of the PCB board 500, thereby achieving physical separation of the horizontal and vertical boards.

[0040] It should be noted that the gap between the two third conveyor belts 410 is greater than the width of the PCB board 500 but less than the length of the PCB board 500. The gap allows the longitudinally arranged PCB board 500 to pass through, while blocking the transversely arranged PCB board 500 from passing through, thus achieving the separation of qualified and unqualified PCB boards 500.

[0041] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The bearing plane of the third conveyor belt 410 is set coplanarly with the bearing plane of the second conveyor belt 310. The coplanar setting of the third conveyor belt 410 and the second conveyor belt 310 can achieve stable transmission of unqualified PCB boards 500 after turning, reduce positioning errors caused by discontinuity of the conveyor plane and the frequency of equipment downtime maintenance, and improve the continuity and reliability of the sorting process.

[0042] In practical implementation, the coplanar setting of the bearing planes means that the bearing surfaces of the third conveyor belt 410 and the second conveyor belt 310 are at the same horizontal level. This can be achieved by adjusting the height of the conveyor belt brackets or by using sensor calibration. The coplanar setting ensures that the PCB board 500 remains stable when transferred from the second conveyor belt 310 to the third conveyor belt 410, avoiding tilting or jamming due to height differences.

[0043] After the defective PCB board 500 is turned into a horizontal arrangement by the second conveyor belt 310, it needs to be received by the third conveyor belt 410 and transported to the designated area. Since the bearing planes of the second conveyor belt 310 and the third conveyor belt 410 are coplanar, the PCB board 500 will not vibrate or shift due to sudden height changes during the transfer process, thus maintaining its horizontal arrangement. This continuous planar design allows the PCB board 500 to complete the transfer without additional lifting or lowering actions, reducing the risk of failure caused by mechanical interference.

[0044] In traditional separation equipment, there is often a height difference between different conveyor belts, which can easily cause positional misalignment or jamming when the PCB board is transferred, requiring the addition of a correction mechanism or buffer device. However, a coplanar design directly eliminates the interference caused by height differences, simplifies the structural complexity of the conveyor path, and avoids the problem of increased equipment size caused by the stacking of multiple conveyor belts.

[0045] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 A fourth conveyor belt 420 is provided at the end of the third conveyor belt 410 away from the second conveyor belt. The fourth conveyor belt 420 is set perpendicular to the third conveyor belt 410 and located between the two third conveyor belts 410. Through the vertical arrangement of the fourth conveyor belt 420 and the third conveyor belt 410, the separation action can be completed only by the difference in the movement direction between the conveyor belts, eliminating the need for mechanical gripping parts and reducing the complexity of the equipment.

[0046] In the specific implementation process, the fourth conveyor belt 420 refers to the conveying device set at the end of the third conveyor belt 410 and perpendicular to it. Specifically, it can be implemented by using a belt conveyor in conjunction with an independent drive motor. The vertical layout forms a horizontal output channel to guide the unqualified PCB board 500 away from the main transmission path.

[0047] When the defective PCB board 500 is adjusted to a horizontal arrangement by the second conveyor steering assembly 300, its end extends to the edge area of ​​the third conveyor belt 410. When the fourth conveyor belt 420 starts, the end of the horizontally arranged PCB board 500 is received by the fourth conveyor belt 420. Since the fourth conveyor belt 420 is perpendicular to the third conveyor belt 410, the PCB board 500 is laterally guided to the designated area after the direction of movement changes.

[0048] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2The third conveyor separation assembly 400 also includes a fifth conveyor belt 430, which is positioned in the interval between the two third conveyor belts 410. The fifth conveyor belt 430 is inclined relative to the third conveyor belts, with its input end connected to the output end of the third conveyor belts and its output end positioned relatively far away from the third conveyor belts. By replacing the mechanical separation device with the directional transmission of the inclined conveyor belt, the misalignment error between moving parts is eliminated, allowing the separation of qualified products to be completed entirely by the combined action of gravity and friction, significantly improving the stability of equipment operation. The directional guiding effect of the inclined conveyor belt allows qualified products to be transferred smoothly along a fixed path, solving the jamming problem that may occur during the handover of multiple conveyor belts, while simplifying the equipment structure and reducing maintenance costs.

[0049] In practical implementation, the fifth conveyor belt 430 is a conveying component used to receive and transfer the longitudinally arranged PCB boards 500. Specifically, it can be implemented using a rubber surface and a stepper motor drive. Its tilt angle is adjustable to accommodate the transmission needs of PCB boards 500 of different sizes. The extension direction of the fifth conveyor belt 430 forms a non-perpendicular angle with the transmission direction of the third conveyor belt 410. This can be achieved by adjusting the installation angle of the conveyor belt bracket. This structure guides the longitudinally arranged PCB boards 500 to move along a preset path. The spatial relationship between the input and output ends refers to the area of ​​the fifth conveyor belt 430 near the end of the third conveyor belt 410 as the receiving end, and the area away from this end as the unloading end. Specifically, the posture of the PCB boards 500 during the transmission process can be controlled by setting guide baffles.

[0050] As the qualified PCBs 500 arranged longitudinally pass through the gaps between the third conveyor belts 410, the fifth conveyor belt 430 receives the PCBs 500 via its inclined transmission plane and uses the friction of the conveyor belt surface to drive the PCBs 500 to move along the inclined direction. Because the fifth conveyor belt 430 forms an angle with the third conveyor belt 410, the qualified PCBs 500, after leaving the third conveyor belt 410, naturally slide onto the surface of the fifth conveyor belt 430 and are guided along the inclined path to an independent collection area. During this process, the contact area between the PCBs 500 and the conveyor belt remains stable, avoiding the slippage or displacement that may occur with traditional horizontal conveyor belts.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for verifying and classifying defective drill holes in PCB boards, characterized in that, include: A first conveying assembly, the first conveying assembly including a first conveyor belt for conveying longitudinally arranged PCB boards; A hole inspection assembly, comprising a hole inspection machine mounted above the first conveyor belt, the hole inspection machine being able to inspect the quality of drilled holes on a PCB board and determine whether they are qualified; The second conveyor steering assembly includes two parallel second conveyor belts, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the first conveyor belt; the two second conveyor belts can adjust the defective PCB boards to a horizontal arrangement by means of a speed difference. The third conveyor separation component is used to separate horizontally and vertically arranged PCB boards.

2. The PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second conveyor belt includes a rubber belt and a servo motor. The rubber belt is fitted onto the output end of the servo motor, and the servo motor can precisely adjust the traveling speed and direction of the rubber belt.

3. The PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two second conveyor belts are arranged in parallel, and the side gap between the two second conveyor belts is less than 10mm.

4. The PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hole inspection machine is fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt on both sides by brackets, and a closed space is formed between the hole inspection machine and the first conveyor belt. The hole inspection machine can detect hole position accuracy, hole position size, hole wall quality and hole blockage on PCB boards passing through the closed space.

5. The PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third conveying and separating assembly includes a third conveyor belt for conveying horizontally arranged PCB boards, the input end of the third conveyor belt being connected to the output end of the second conveyor belt; a gap is formed between the two third conveyor belts to allow vertically arranged PCB boards to pass through, and the third conveyor belt is capable of carrying and transporting the ends of the horizontally arranged PCB boards.

6. The PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The interval between the two third conveyor belts is greater than the width of the PCB board but less than the length of the PCB board.

7. The PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bearing plane of the third conveyor belt is coplanar with the bearing plane of the second conveyor belt.

8. The PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A fourth conveyor belt is provided at the end of the third conveyor belt away from the second conveyor belt. The fourth conveyor belt is arranged perpendicular to the third conveyor belt and located between the two third conveyor belts. The fourth conveyor belt can drive defective PCB boards to be output from one side of the third conveyor belt.

9. The PCB board drilling defect inspection and classification device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third conveying separation component also includes a fifth conveyor belt, which is disposed in the interval between the two third conveyor belts. The fifth conveyor belt is disposed at an angle relative to the third conveyor belt, and the input end of the fifth conveyor belt is connected to the output end of the third conveyor belt. The output end of the fifth conveyor belt is disposed relatively far away from the third conveyor belt.

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