A safety charging monitoring system for electric bicycles

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of charging monitoring technology, and specifically relates to a safe charging monitoring system for electric bicycles, including several sockets and a gateway; the sockets are respectively connected to the gateway; each socket includes a socket power module and a socket host, the socket power module being connected to the socket host; the socket host includes an AC sampling module, a socket 485 communication interface module, a socket main control module, a LoRa communication module, and a Bluetooth communication module; the AC sampling module, socket 485 communication interface module, LoRa communication module, and Bluetooth communication module are respectively connected to the socket main control module; the gateway includes a gateway power module and a gateway host, the gateway power module being connected to the gateway host; the gateway host includes a gateway 485 communication interface module, a gateway main control module, and a wireless module; the 485 communication interface module and the wireless module are respectively connected to the gateway main control module; the socket 485 communication interface module is connected to the gateway 485 communication interface module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of charging monitoring technology, and specifically relates to a safe charging monitoring system for electric bicycles. Background Technology

[0002] The most common electric bicycle charging pile systems on the market are essentially remote switching systems based on on / off control and electricity billing. The centralized host (main control unit) is the brain of the entire system, responsible for communicating with the cloud management platform, receiving user (via APP / scan code) instructions, executing billing strategies, controlling the total power supply of the entire cabinet, and polling or receiving the status of subordinate socket nodes. Charging socket node (controlled terminal): This node itself has extremely weak computing power and is usually just a circuit board that executes simple instructions and measurements, commonly known as a "dumb terminal". Under the above architecture, the system has the following inherent defects: (1) Lack of real-time power analysis and diagnostic capabilities: "Power" is an instantaneous value (P=UI). To judge abnormalities, it is necessary to continuously monitor voltage and current and make judgments. The current "dumb terminal" socket does not have this computing capability, and the host, due to the need to manage dozens of sockets, cannot perform high-frequency, real-time data acquisition and analysis for each socket. (2) Limitations of the communication architecture: Downlink communication (host to socket) mainly issues switching instructions, while uplink communication (socket to host) mainly uploads the accumulated electricity. This low-frequency, low-data-volume communication mode is not designed for transmitting real-time, high-frequency power data. Furthermore, the charging socket relies on a centralized host to control its on / off state, lacking the ability to identify abnormal charging power and thus unable to monitor the charging status in real time. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a safe charging monitoring system for electric bicycles, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies. The specific technical solution is as follows: An electric bicycle safe charging monitoring system includes several sockets and a gateway; the sockets are respectively connected to the gateway. The socket includes a socket power module and a socket main unit, and the socket power module is connected to the socket main unit; The socket main unit includes an AC sampling module, a socket 485 communication interface module, a socket main control module, a LoRa communication module, and a Bluetooth communication module; the AC sampling module, the socket 485 communication interface module, the LoRa communication module, and the Bluetooth communication module are respectively connected to the socket main control module; The gateway includes a gateway power module and a gateway host, with the gateway power module connected to the gateway host; The gateway host includes a gateway 485 communication interface module, a gateway main control module, and a wireless module; the 485 communication interface module and the wireless module are respectively connected to the gateway main control module; the socket 485 communication interface module is connected to the gateway 485 communication interface module. The socket power module is used to provide working power to the socket host; The AC sampling module is used to collect single-phase voltage and current and obtain the socket power, and input the collected data into the socket main control module; The socket main control module is used to determine whether the voltage, current or power of the charging socket is abnormal based on the data collected by the AC sampling module. The socket 485 communication interface module is used to communicate with the gateway via the 485 bus to achieve data transmission. The Lora communication module is used to communicate with the charger, which includes the Lora communication module. The Bluetooth communication module is used to communicate with the mobile device; The gateway power module is used to provide operating power to the gateway host; The gateway main control module is used to collect data from each socket and transmit the collected data to the wireless module; The wireless module is used to communicate with a remote platform.

[0004] Preferably, the socket power module includes an AC-DC unit, which is used to convert AC 220V power voltage into DC 12V power voltage.

[0005] Preferably, the socket 485 communication interface module includes a CA-IS2092A isolated half-duplex RS-485 transceiver.

[0006] Preferably, the Lora communication module includes a WH-L101 module.

[0007] Preferably, the Bluetooth communication module includes an HC-04 transparent Bluetooth module.

[0008] Preferably, the AC sampling module includes an HLW8112 power metering chip.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes an RGB light board interface and an RGB light board, with the RGB light board interface connected to the socket main control module and the RGB light board respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the gateway power module includes a DC-DC chip for converting a 12V DC power supply voltage into a 5V DC power supply voltage.

[0011] Preferably, the gateway 485 communication interface module includes an optocoupler and an RS485 chip.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: This invention uses an AC sampling module to collect the voltage, current, and power of the socket in real time. It can identify the socket status as "unloaded" or "zero power" and report it to the gateway via 4RS-485 communication to monitor the socket status and enable the gateway to grasp the charging status information of the socket.

[0013] This invention identifies the location of a socket through the interface between the gateway and the socket, allowing maintenance personnel to accurately locate and quickly repair the socket without having to check each one individually, thus significantly saving labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is the circuit diagram of the socket power module.

[0017] Figure 3 This is the circuit schematic of the socket 485 communication interface module.

[0018] Figure 4 This is the circuit schematic of the LoRa communication module.

[0019] Figure 5 This is the circuit schematic of a Bluetooth communication module.

[0020] Figure 6 This is the circuit schematic of the AC sampling module.

[0021] Figure 7 This is the circuit diagram of the socket's main control module.

[0022] Figure 8 This is the circuit diagram of the RGB LED board interface.

[0023] Figure 9 This is the circuit schematic of the gateway power module.

[0024] Figure 10 This is the circuit schematic of the gateway 485 communication interface module.

[0025] Figure 11 This is the circuit schematic of the gateway's main control module. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "top surface", "bottom surface", "inner", "outer", "inner side", "outer side", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used in the description, they are for descriptive purposes and to distinguish technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. The embodiments of this utility model will now be described based on its overall structure.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an electric bicycle safe charging monitoring system, including several sockets and a gateway; the sockets are respectively connected to the gateway; The socket includes a socket power module and a socket main unit, with the socket power module connected to the socket main unit; The socket main unit includes an AC sampling module, a socket 485 communication interface module, a socket main control module, a LoRa communication module, and a Bluetooth communication module; the AC sampling module, the socket 485 communication interface module, the LoRa communication module, and the Bluetooth communication module are respectively connected to the socket main control module; The gateway includes a gateway power module and a gateway host, with the gateway power module connected to the gateway host; The gateway host includes a gateway 485 communication interface module, a gateway main control module, and a wireless module; the 485 communication interface module and the wireless module are respectively connected to the gateway main control module; the socket 485 communication interface module is connected to the gateway 485 communication interface module. The socket power module is used to provide operating power to the socket main unit; The AC sampling module is used to collect single-phase voltage and current and obtain the socket power, and input the collected data into the socket main control module; The socket main control module is used to determine whether the voltage, current or power of the charging socket is abnormal based on the data collected by the AC sampling module. The socket's 485 communication interface module is used to communicate with the gateway via the 485 bus to achieve data transmission. The Lora communication module is used to communicate with the charger, which includes the Lora communication module. The Bluetooth communication module is used to communicate with the mobile device; The gateway power module is used to provide operating power to the gateway host; The gateway main control module is used to collect data from each socket and transmit the collected data to the wireless module; The wireless module is used to communicate with remote platforms.

[0031] The socket power module includes an AC-DC unit, which converts 220V AC power voltage to 12V DC power voltage. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the socket power module includes an AC-DC chip PWR1 and a terminal block P10. The terminal block P10 has three pins, which are connected to the live wire, neutral wire, and ground wire of the 220V AC power supply, respectively. The AC pin of the AC-DC chip PWR1 is connected to one end of the sliding resistor RT1. The other end of the sliding resistor RT1 is connected to one end of the capacitor CY1, the live wire, one end of the resistor MOV1, and one end of the capacitor CY3, respectively. The other end of the capacitor CY3 is grounded.

[0032] The AC pin of AC-DC chip PWR1 is connected to the positive terminal of capacitor C29. The negative terminal of capacitor C29, the other end of capacitor CY1, the other end of resistor MOV1, and one end of capacitor CY2 are connected to the neutral wire. The other end of capacitor CY2 is connected to the ground wire.

[0033] The Vo+ pin of the AC-DC chip PWR1 is connected to one end of the TVS transistor TVS7, the positive terminal of capacitor C20, and the positive terminal of capacitor C63. The Vo- pin of the AC-DC chip PWR1, the other end of the TVS transistor TVS7, the negative terminal of capacitor C20, and the negative terminal of capacitor C63 are grounded respectively.

[0034] The main component of the power module is the AC-DC chip PWR1, model S05-K3B12SS. The power module adopts a non-isolated design and has the advantages of small size, light weight, high conversion efficiency and low heat generation. Its low cost and high performance make it suitable for widespread use in smart sockets.

[0035] Resistor MOV1 is a varistor, specifically model 14D561K, which serves as overvoltage protection, absorbing surge voltage and suppressing abnormal voltage.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the socket 485 communication interface module includes the CA-IS2092A isolated half-duplex RS-485 transceiver. It integrates an isolated DC-DC converter, eliminating the need for an external isolation power supply and capable of withstanding isolation voltages up to 2.5kVRMS (1 minute) and a typical CMTI of ±150kV / μs. The advantages of this design are that the chip is an isolated 485 chip with a built-in DC-DC converter, eliminating the need for an external isolation power supply, simplifying peripheral design, saving cost and board space. The built-in ESD protection improves the chip's reliability and stability, and the space-saving design makes it ideal for space-constrained applications such as sockets.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, the Lora communication module includes the WH-L101 module, which enables transparent transmission of Lora wireless signals and serial ports, and is used to achieve point-to-point or one-to-many communication with chargers or BMS devices equipped with Lora.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, the Bluetooth communication module includes the HC-04 transparent Bluetooth module, which converts Bluetooth signals into serial port signals and transmits them transparently to the socket main control module to enable mobile terminals to communicate with the socket via Bluetooth.

[0039] like Figure 6As shown, the AC sampling module includes an HLW8112 energy metering chip. Pin VP of the HLW8112 energy metering chip is connected to one end of capacitor C61 and one end of resistor R60, respectively. The other end of resistor R60 is connected to one end of capacitor C58, one end of resistor R41, and one end of resistor R61, respectively. The other ends of capacitors C61, C58, and R61 are connected to ground and neutral wire, respectively. The other end of resistor R41 is connected to one end of resistor R37, and the other end of resistor R37 is connected to one end of resistor R34. The other end of resistor R34 is connected to the live wire.

[0040] The LAP pin of the HLW8112 energy metering chip is connected to one end of capacitor C37 and one end of resistor R38, respectively. The other end of capacitor C37 is grounded, and the other end of resistor R38 is connected to one end of capacitor C38 and one end of resistor R64, respectively.

[0041] The LAN pins of the HLW8112 energy metering chip are connected to one end of capacitor C39 and one end of resistor R43, respectively. The other end of capacitor C39 is grounded, and the other ends of resistor R43, capacitor C38, and resistor R64 are grounded respectively.

[0042] The VREF pin of the HLW8112 energy metering chip is grounded through capacitor C41.

[0043] The SPIEN pin of the HLW8112 power metering chip is grounded through resistor R42.

[0044] The key component of the AC sampling module is the HLW8112 energy metering chip, a high-precision energy metering IC manufactured using CMOS technology and primarily designed for single-phase applications. It measures line voltage and current, and calculates active power, apparent power, and power factor. Internally, it integrates three Σ-Δ ADCs and a high-precision energy metering core. A second channel can simultaneously measure neutral current, supporting theft and leakage detection. Each input channel supports flexible PGA settings, making the HLW8112 suitable for use with various types of sensors, such as current transformers (CTs) and low-resistance shunts. Furthermore, it can eliminate calibration requirements to some extent, simplifying the production process, making it ideal for products like smart sockets that require lower precision, are mass-produced, and are cost-sensitive.

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, the socket main control module uses a domestically produced ultra-low power Arm Cortex-M0+ MCU chip with 192-KB Flash and 32K RAM.

[0046] like Figure 8As shown, the system of this utility model also includes an RGB LED board interface and an RGB LED board. The RGB LED board interface is connected to the socket main control module and the RGB LED board respectively. The RGB LED board interface is an XH-3 interface. The socket main control module realizes communication between the LEDs of the RGB LED board by outputting PWM drive signals. The RGB LED board indicates the working status of the system through the color of the LEDs.

[0047] The pulse width of the PWM drive signal represents logic levels 1 and 0. By adjusting the pulse width, the PWM drive signal sends digital signals 0 and 1 to the RGB light board. The RGB light board has a built-in data buffer and signal shaping circuit to restore the waveform of the PWM drive signal to a digital signal, driving the RGB light board to emit different colors of light.

[0048] The gateway power module includes a DC-DC chip to convert a 12V DC power supply voltage to a 5V DC power supply voltage. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the DC-DC chip selected is the TPS563201DDCR step-down chip.

[0049] The VIN pin of the TPS563201DDCR step-down chip, one end of capacitor C48, one end of capacitor C49, and one end of resistor R32 are connected to a DC 12V power supply, while the other ends of capacitor C48 and capacitor C49 are grounded.

[0050] The EN pin of the TPS563201DDCR step-down chip is connected to the other end of resistor R32.

[0051] The SW pin of the TPS563201DDCR step-down chip is connected to one end of capacitor C52 and one end of inductor L2, respectively.

[0052] The VBST pin of the TPS563201DDCR step-down chip is connected to the other end of inductor L2. The other end of inductor L2 is connected to one end of resistor R31, one end of capacitor C54, one end of capacitor C50, one end of capacitor C51, the positive terminal of capacitor C53, and one end of TVS transistor TVS3. The VFB pin of the TPS563201DDCR step-down chip is connected to the other end of resistor R31, the other end of capacitor C54, and one end of resistor R33. The other end of resistor R33, the other end of capacitor C50, the other end of capacitor C51, the negative terminal of capacitor C53, and the other end of TVS3 are grounded.

[0053] The TPS563201DDCR step-down chip is a synchronous step-down DC-DC converter. In this embodiment, it efficiently converts a higher input DC voltage of 12V into a lower, stable output voltage of 5V. The design employs synchronous rectification technology, which can achieve high conversion efficiency and is suitable for medium-to-low power, high-efficiency applications, such as smart sockets.

[0054] like Figure 10 As shown, the gateway 485 communication interface module includes an optocoupler and an RS485 chip. The 485 chip employs a self-identifying direction scheme, eliminating the need for the main controller to worry about transmitting and receiving direction selection.

[0055] The optocoupler chip is model P122M31, and the RS485 chip is model YD485. Optocoupler isolation + RS485 chip is a commonly used "anti-interference and anti-ground interference" design scheme in industrial communication. The core is to use the electrical isolation characteristics of the optocoupler to block the direct electrical connection between the "microcontroller" and the "bus side (RS485 bus)". At the same time, the RS485 chip realizes the transmission and reception of differential signals, ultimately solving the communication abnormality problems caused by "ground loop interference" and "high voltage crosstalk" in industrial scenarios.

[0056] like Figure 11 As shown, the gateway main control module includes the EC718P from MobileCore and an LTECat1 wireless communication module. The wireless communication module is developed using Open-C. The gateway main control module uses the wireless communication module to achieve authentication with the remote platform and MQTT communication.

[0057] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The smart socket's AC sampling module collects AC current signals through a sampling resistor connected in series with the socket's live / neutral wires, and AC voltage signals through a voltage divider resistor, thus obtaining the smart socket's power. The socket's main control module sends this information to the gateway's 485 communication interface module via the socket's 485 communication interface module. When the smart socket's power is zero, or when it is detected to be "unloaded" or "zero power," the RGB light board is driven by the RGB light board interface to display the corresponding color. For example, the RGB light board displays yellow when the smart socket is "unloaded" or "zero power," and green when charging normally. The smart socket connects to a mobile device, such as a smartphone, via a Bluetooth communication module, allowing users to easily check the smart socket's charging status.

[0058] As the host of 485 communication, the gateway can communicate with multiple sockets by sharing the 485 bus. It adopts the industry standard Modbus-RTU protocol to realize data transmission and command interaction with the sockets. Then, through internal data integration and protocol conversion, it sends data to the cloud platform through the wireless module and receives commands issued by the cloud platform.

[0059] This invention designs a layered communication system of "local data acquisition - intermediate protocol conversion - remote data transmission" to solve the problem of reliable uploading of metering data from smart sockets to the cloud platform, while also enabling power monitoring of smart sockets.

[0060] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The purpose of selecting and describing exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art, after reading this specification, can make modifications, substitutions, variations, and various choices and changes to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, provided that such modifications, substitutions, variations, and choices and changes are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. An electric bicycle safety charging monitoring system, characterized in that, It includes several sockets and a gateway; the sockets are respectively connected to the gateway; The socket includes a socket power module and a socket main unit, and the socket power module is connected to the socket main unit; The socket main unit includes an AC sampling module, a socket 485 communication interface module, a socket main control module, a LoRa communication module, and a Bluetooth communication module; the AC sampling module, the socket 485 communication interface module, the LoRa communication module, and the Bluetooth communication module are respectively connected to the socket main control module; The gateway includes a gateway power module and a gateway host, with the gateway power module connected to the gateway host; The gateway host includes a gateway 485 communication interface module, a gateway main control module, and a wireless module; the 485 communication interface module and the wireless module are respectively connected to the gateway main control module; the socket 485 communication interface module is connected to the gateway 485 communication interface module. The socket power module is used to provide working power to the socket host; The AC sampling module is used to collect single-phase voltage and current and obtain the socket power, and input the collected data into the socket main control module; The socket main control module is used to determine whether the voltage, current or power of the charging socket is abnormal based on the data collected by the AC sampling module. The socket 485 communication interface module is used to communicate with the gateway via the 485 bus to achieve data transmission. The Lora communication module is used to communicate with the charger, which includes the Lora communication module. The Bluetooth communication module is used to communicate with the mobile device; The gateway power module is used to provide operating power to the gateway host; The gateway main control module is used to collect data from each socket and transmit the collected data to the wireless module; The wireless module is used to communicate with a remote platform.

2. The electric bicycle safety charging monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The socket power module includes an AC-DC unit, which is used to convert AC 220V power voltage into DC 12V power voltage.

3. The electric bicycle safety charging monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The socket 485 communication interface module includes a CA-IS2092A isolated half-duplex RS-485 transceiver.

4. The electric bicycle safety charging monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Lora communication module includes the WH-L101 module.

5. The electric bicycle safety charging monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Bluetooth communication module includes the HC-04 transparent Bluetooth module.

6. The electric bicycle safety charging monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AC sampling module includes an HLW8112 power metering chip.

7. The electric bicycle safety charging monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an RGB light board interface and an RGB light board, with the RGB light board interface connecting to the socket main control module and the RGB light board respectively.

8. The electric bicycle safety charging monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gateway power module includes a DC-DC chip for converting a 12V DC power supply voltage to a 5V DC power supply voltage.

9. The electric bicycle safety charging monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gateway 485 communication interface module includes an optocoupler and an RS485 chip.

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