Joint locking device

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of joint locking, and particularly relates to a joint locking device, which comprises a joint model, a first mounting position and a second mounting position arranged on the joint model, a first locking part mounted on the first mounting position, and a second locking part mounted on the second mounting position. The first locking part comprises a first movable part, a first fixed part, an elastic member and a pressing part. The second locking part comprises a second movable part, a second fixed part, an elastic member and a pressing part. The first locking part and the second locking part are respectively mounted on the first mounting position and the second mounting position, and the joint model can be transformed and fixed at various angles under the joint action of the two locking parts. The joint locking device can realize the transformation and fixation of various angle poses of different joint parts of a simulation man, and provides convenience for the simulation man to adapt to different teaching scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of joint locking, and in particular relates to a joint locking device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of medical education, medical mannequins often need to assume different postures due to the varying scenarios. However, current joint structures in medical mannequins only provide unidirectional damping and cannot achieve rigid locking of joint positions. This structure has the following drawbacks: 1. When a medical mannequin maintains a static posture for a long time, the lack of an effective locking mechanism allows the joints to slowly shift due to external forces or its own weight, leading to gradual instability of the mannequin's posture; 2. During dynamic movements, the simple damping effect is insufficient to precisely control the stopping position of the joints, affecting the accuracy and repeatability of the movements; 3. After prolonged use, the damping elements are prone to fatigue decay, further reducing joint stability. These shortcomings prevent medical mannequins from meeting the requirements for posture changes and fixation in various medical teaching scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a joint locking device to solve the problem that current medical mannequins cannot meet the requirements for posture changes and fixation in various medical teaching scenarios.

[0004] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A joint locking device includes a joint model, with a first mounting position and a second mounting position provided on the joint model; The first locking part includes a first movable part, a first fixed part, an elastic element, and a pressing part; The second locking part includes a second movable part, a second fixed part, an elastic element, and a pressing part; The clamping part controls the first movable part to move closer to or away from the first fixed part, and controls the second movable part to move closer to or away from the second fixed part, so as to realize the fixation and separation of the first movable part and the first fixed part, and the fixation and separation of the second movable part and the second fixed part. The elastic element is provided on the clamping part and plays a damping role when the clamping part controls the first movable part to move closer to or away from the first fixed part and the second movable part to move closer to or away from the second fixed part. The first locking part and the second locking part are respectively installed at the first mounting position and the second mounting position. Under the joint action of the two locking parts, the pose transformation and fixation of the joint model at various angles can be realized.

[0005] Furthermore, a connecting shaft is provided on the first movable part and the second movable part, and flat parts are provided on both sides of the connecting shaft.

[0006] Furthermore, a threaded blind hole is provided on the connecting shaft, and an external thread is provided at the end of the connecting shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, corrugated teeth are provided at equal pitch angles on the axial plane of the first movable part and the second movable part, with the flat positions provided on both sides of the connecting shaft as the baseline, to form the first movable tooth part and the second movable tooth part respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the corrugated teeth on the first movable tooth section and the corrugated teeth on the second movable tooth section are deviated by 1 / 2 pitch angle with the flat positions set on both sides of the connecting shaft as the baseline.

[0009] Furthermore, through holes are provided on the first fixing part and the second fixing part, and flat parts are provided on the first fixing part and the second fixing part.

[0010] Furthermore, corrugated teeth are provided on the axial plane of the first fixed part facing the first movable part, and corrugated teeth are provided on the axial plane of the second fixed part facing the second movable part, forming a first fixed tooth part and a second fixed tooth part respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of corrugated teeth provided on the first movable tooth, the first fixed tooth, the second movable tooth, and the second fixed tooth is the same.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of corrugated teeth can be set to any value among 20, 24, 30, and 36.

[0013] Furthermore, the tooth height of the corrugated teeth is set to 0.2–1.0 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic element can be either a disc spring or a spring.

[0015] Furthermore, the clamping part includes a clamping block and a limiting screw. A countersunk hole is provided on the clamping block, and the limiting screw passes through the countersunk hole and is threadedly connected to a threaded blind hole provided on the connecting shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the joint model can be any one of the following: limb joint model, cervical joint model, or lumbar joint model.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The joint model described in this application is provided with a first locking part and a second locking part. The first locking part and the second locking part work together to realize the transformation and rigid fixation of the joint model at various angles and postures. In the static posture holding state, it effectively avoids the posture deviation of the simulated human caused by external force or its own gravity. Furthermore, elastic elements are provided in the first locking part and the second locking part. This design not only meets the buffering requirements of the joint model when transforming and fixing at various angles and postures, but also provides an auxiliary function for the joint model to accurately switch to any posture angle. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the joint locking device; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure when using a joint locking device for an elbow joint model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the first locking part; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first movable part and the first fixed part; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the corrugated tooth structure of the first and second tooth sections; Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the elbow joint and the first and second locking parts; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the joint locking device. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical problem to be solved by this application, as well as the relationship between the technical solution to the technical problem and the beneficial effects, a detailed description is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a joint locking device includes a joint model 1, on which a first mounting position 2 and a second mounting position 3 are provided, and a first locking part 4 installed at the first mounting position 2 and a second locking part 5 installed at the second mounting position 3. The two locking parts work together to realize the transformation and fixation of the joint model at various angles and poses.

[0021] Specifically, the joint model can be any one of the limb joint model, the neck joint model, and the lumbar joint model. In this embodiment, the elbow joint model in the limb joint model is used to explain in detail how the joint locking device can realize the transformation and fixation of various angle poses.

[0022] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the elbow joint model includes an upper arm 6 and a forearm 7. A first upper arm connector 61 and a second upper arm connector 62 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the upper arm 6, and fixing holes (not shown in the figure) are respectively provided on the first upper arm connector 61 and the second upper arm connector 62. Similarly, a first forearm connector 71 and a second forearm connector 72 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the forearm 7, and fixing holes (not shown in the figure) are respectively provided on the first forearm connector 71 and the second forearm connector 72. The fixing holes on the first upper arm connector 61 and the first forearm connector 71 are arranged opposite each other to form a first mounting position 2. The fixing holes on the second upper arm connector 62 and the second forearm connector 72 are arranged opposite each other to form a second mounting position 3.

[0023] The first locking part 4 is installed in the first mounting position 2 through fixing holes provided on the first connecting member 61 of the upper arm and the first connecting member 71 of the lower arm, and the second locking part 5 is installed in the second mounting position 3 through fixing holes provided on the second connecting member 62 of the upper arm and the second connecting member 72 of the lower arm.

[0024] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first locking part 4 includes a first movable part 44, a first fixed part 45, an elastic element 43, and a pressing part 41. A connecting shaft 442 is provided on the first movable part 44. Flat parts 443 are provided on both sides of the connecting shaft 442. A threaded structure 4421 is provided at the end of the connecting shaft 442. A threaded blind hole 4422 is provided on the connecting shaft 442. Corrugated teeth 441 are provided at equal pitch angles on the axial plane of the first movable part 44 with the flat parts 443 on both sides of the connecting shaft 442 as the baseline to form a first movable tooth part. The first movable tooth part is arranged in the same direction as the connecting shaft. A corrugated tooth 453 is provided on the axial plane of the first fixed part 45 facing the first movable part, forming a first fixed tooth part. The corrugated teeth 441 of the first movable tooth part mesh with the corrugated teeth 453 of the first fixed tooth part. The number of corrugated teeth on the first movable tooth part is the same as the number of corrugated teeth on the first fixed part. A through hole 452 is provided on the axial plane of the first fixed part 45, and a flat part 451 is provided on the axial plane of the first fixed part 45 away from the first fixed tooth part.

[0025] The second locking part includes a second movable part, a second fixed part, an elastic element, and a pressing part. The elastic element and pressing part have the same structure as the elastic element and pressing part of the first locking part. The difference between the second movable part and the second fixed part and the first movable part and the first fixed part is that, for example... Figure 5As shown, the second movable part has corrugated teeth 542 arranged at equal pitch angles on its axial plane with the flat portion on the connecting shaft as the baseline, forming a second movable toothed part. The corrugated teeth 542 on the second movable toothed part and the corrugated teeth 441 on the first movable toothed part differ by 1 / 2 pitch angle based on the flat portions on both sides of the connecting shaft. The second fixed part has corrugated teeth on its axial plane facing the second movable part that can mesh with the corrugated teeth on the second movable toothed part, forming a second fixed toothed part. The corrugated teeth on the second fixed toothed part differ by 1 / 2 pitch angle from the corrugated teeth on the first fixed toothed part. The state when the two locking parts work together is as follows. Figure 2 As shown, a through hole is provided on the axial plane of the second fixing part, and a flat portion (same as the flat portion on the first fixing part) is provided on the axial plane at the end away from the second fixing tooth. The number of corrugated teeth provided on the first movable tooth, the first fixed tooth, the second movable tooth, and the second fixed tooth is the same. In this embodiment, the number of corrugated teeth is 24, and the tooth height of the corrugated teeth is set to 0.6 mm. Figure 5 As shown.

[0026] The clamping part 41 includes a clamping block 412 and a limiting screw 413. A countersunk hole 4121 is provided on the clamping block, and a threaded structure is provided on the inner side of the clamping block 412 for threaded connection with the connecting shaft 442 provided on the first movable part 44. The limiting screw 413 is provided with a threaded connection end 4131 and a limiting end 4132, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it is used for threaded connection and fixation with the threaded blind hole 4422 provided on the connecting shaft 442.

[0027] In some embodiments, depending on the joint locking device applied to a simulated human joint, the number of corrugated teeth on the first movable tooth, the second movable tooth, the first fixed tooth, and the second fixed tooth can be 24, 30, or 36, and the tooth height of the corrugated teeth can be set to 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.8 mm, or 1.0 mm.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first movable part, the first fixed part, the second movable part, and the second fixed part are made of POM material, which has high strength and self-lubricating effect.

[0029] In this embodiment, in order to achieve precise control when changing and fixing various joint positions, an elastic element is also provided in this device. The elastic element is either a disc spring or a spring, and the elastic element is disposed between the end face of the clamping block and the side of the upper arm connecting piece.

[0030] Specifically, in combination Figure 2As shown in Figure 6, taking the first locking part 4 fixed to the first mounting position 2 as an example, the connection relationship between the first locking part 4 and the first mounting position 2 is explained. The connecting shaft 442 provided on the first movable part 44 passes through the through hole 452 provided on the first fixed part 45, and extends through the fixing holes provided on the forearm first connector 71 and the upper arm first connector 61 to be threadedly connected to the pressing block 412. The threaded blind hole 4422 provided on the connecting shaft 442 is threadedly connected to the limiting screw 413. The limiting screw 413 passes through the countersunk hole 4121 provided on the pressing block 412. The spring 43 is provided between the pressing block 41 and the outer end of the upper arm first connector 61. The first fixed part 45 is fixedly provided on the forearm first connector 71 by snapping on the flat shaft 451. The connection relationship of the second locking part installed on the second mounting part is the same as the connection relationship of the first locking part installed on the first mounting part.

[0031] like Figure 6 As shown, when changing the position of the elbow joint, the clamping block 412 of the first locking part 4 and the second locking part 5 is rotated counterclockwise simultaneously. Taking the first locking part as an example, the end 41211 of the countersunk hole 4121 of the clamping block 412 is made to fit with the end 4133 of the limiting screw 413. There is a certain gap 8 between the clamping block 412 and the end of the upper arm 7, and the spring 43 naturally unfolds. Figure 7 As shown in -a, at this time, the travel distance of the first movable part 44 relative to the first fixed part 45 (i.e., the gap 8 between the clamping block 412 and the end of the upper arm 7) is greater than the tooth height of the corrugated teeth provided in the first movable tooth part and the first fixed tooth part. By overcoming the positive pressure of the spring 43, the first movable part 44 achieves damped rotation relative to the first fixed part 45. At the same time, the travel distance of the second movable part and the second fixed part (i.e., the gap 8 between the clamping block 412 and the end of the upper arm 7) is greater than the tooth height of the corrugated teeth provided in the second movable tooth part and the second fixed tooth part. By overcoming the positive pressure of the spring, the second movable part achieves damped rotation relative to the second fixed part. In this embodiment, the number of corrugated teeth is 24, and the pitch angle between each corrugated tooth is 15°. 。 For example, under the combined action of the first locking part and the second locking part, the elbow joint can achieve a 7.5-degree angle. 。 The pitch angle is changed to alter the pose of the joint model. When fixing the elbow joint posture, the clamping blocks 412 of the first locking part 4 and the second locking part 5 are rotated clockwise simultaneously so that the clamping blocks 412 fit against the outer end of the upper arm 7. The end face 4133 of the limiting screw 413 moves away from the end face 41211 of the countersunk hole 4121. At this time, the first movable part 44 and the first fixed part 45 are engaged and fixed. Figure 7 As shown in -b; because the corrugated teeth provided on the second movable part 54 and the second fixed part 55 are respectively separated from the corrugated teeth provided on the first movable part 44 and the first fixed part 45 by a pitch angle of 1 / 2 with the flat positions provided on both sides of the connecting shaft as the baseline, as shown in -b; Figure 5 As shown; therefore, when the first movable part 44 and the first fixed part 45 are engaged and fixed, the second movable part 54 and the second fixed part 55 are fixed in the following state: Figure 1 As shown, rigid fixation of the elbow joint after changing posture was achieved.

[0032] In some embodiments, to fix the posture of the shoulder and neck joints of a medical simulator in two degrees of freedom, two mutually perpendicular joint locking devices are provided at the shoulder or neck joint, which can achieve the fixation of posture changes of multiple degrees of freedom of the shoulder or neck joint.

Claims

1. A joint locking device, characterized in that, Includes a joint model, on which a first mounting position and a second mounting position are provided; The first locking part includes a first movable part, a first fixed part, an elastic element, and a pressing part; The second locking part includes a second movable part, a second fixed part, an elastic element, and a pressing part; The clamping part controls the first movable part to move closer to or away from the first fixed part, and controls the second movable part to move closer to or away from the second fixed part, so as to realize the fixation and separation of the first movable part and the first fixed part, and the fixation and separation of the second movable part and the second fixed part. The elastic element is provided on the clamping part and plays a damping role when the clamping part controls the first movable part to move closer to or away from the first fixed part and the second movable part to move closer to or away from the second fixed part. The first locking part and the second locking part are respectively installed at the first mounting position and the second mounting position. Under the joint action of the two locking parts, the pose transformation and fixation of the joint model at various angles can be realized.

2. The joint locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting shaft is provided on the first movable part and the second movable part, and flat parts are provided on both sides of the connecting shaft.

3. A joint locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting shaft is also provided with a threaded blind hole, and the end of the connecting shaft is also provided with an external thread.

4. A joint locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first movable part and the second movable part are respectively formed by corrugated teeth with equal pitch angles on the axial plane of the first movable part and the second movable part, with the flat parts set on both sides of the connecting shaft as the baseline.

5. A joint locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The corrugated teeth on the first movable tooth section and the corrugated teeth on the second movable tooth section are offset by 1 / 2 pitch angle with the flat positions on both sides of the connecting shaft as the baseline.

6. A joint locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Through holes are provided on the first fixing part and the second fixing part, and flat parts are provided on the first fixing part and the second fixing part. Corrugated teeth are provided on the axial plane of the first fixing part facing the first movable part, and corrugated teeth are provided on the axial plane of the second fixing part facing the second movable part, forming a first fixing tooth part and a second fixing tooth part respectively.

7. A joint locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of corrugated teeth on the first movable tooth, the first fixed tooth, the second movable tooth, and the second fixed tooth is the same, and the number of corrugated teeth can be set to any value among 20, 24, 30, and 36.

8. A joint locking device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tooth height of the corrugated teeth is set to 0.2 to 1.0 mm.

9. A joint locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is set as either a disc spring or a spring.

10. A joint locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping part includes a clamping block and a limiting screw. A countersunk hole is provided on the clamping block, and the limiting screw passes through the countersunk hole and is threadedly connected to a threaded blind hole provided on the connecting shaft.

11. A joint locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint model can be any one of the following: limb joint model, neck joint model, or lumbar joint model.

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