Spasticity treatment circuit with feedback and regulation

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of spasticity muscle treatment circuit with feedback and adjusting function, including controller, first electrode piece and second electrode piece, the first electrode piece and second electrode piece are provided with spasticity muscle treatment circuit, and the spasticity muscle treatment circuit includes myoelectricity acquisition circuit, electric stimulation circuit and relay switching circuit;The output end of the myoelectricity acquisition circuit is connected controller, and the output end of the controller is connected electric stimulation circuit;First electrode piece and second electrode piece are electrically connected with electric stimulation circuit and myoelectricity acquisition circuit respectively by relay switching circuit.The utility model sets up myoelectricity acquisition circuit for collecting the myoelectricity signal of spasticity muscle and antagonistic muscle, and provides hardware basis for realizing electric stimulation circuit output adjustment by controller and electric stimulation circuit, and additionally provided with relay switching circuit, to realize the switching between myoelectricity signal acquisition and electric stimulation circuit output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rehabilitation medical equipment technology, specifically to a spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and regulation functions. Background Technology

[0002] Stroke is one of the three major diseases threatening human health, and it is also a common and frequently occurring disease among middle-aged and elderly people, ranking first in both incidence and disability rate. Among the sequelae of stroke, spasticity in hemiplegia is a key factor affecting rehabilitation levels. This spasticity arises from damage to the upper motor neurons of the pyramidal tract in the cerebral cortex, leading to increased reflex activity in the lower motor neurons due to loss of control. Its main manifestation is that the spastic limb cannot complete isolated or coordinated movements of individual joints in specific positions, resulting in various modes of motor impairment and severely impacting the quality of life of stroke patients.

[0003] Currently available devices for relieving muscle spasms typically employ low-frequency electrical stimulation. These devices use two sets of square waves with the same width and frequency but occurring sequentially to stimulate the spastic muscle and its antagonist muscle, respectively, causing them to contract alternately. This counteracts the spasm through reciprocal inhibition and the inhibitory effect induced by Golgi tendon excitation. However, for some patients with nerve or muscle injuries, the degree of damage to the spastic muscle and its corresponding antagonist muscle varies. Therefore, it is necessary to differentiate the stimulation intensity for different muscle groups to achieve precise treatment and avoid unexpected or excessive stimulation. Muscle tone is an important indicator of the degree of muscle spasm and injury.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a circuit that can detect electromyography and implement feedback regulation, so as to achieve a refined treatment process and a safe and effective treatment result. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem that existing equipment cannot meet the needs of refined treatment, this utility model proposes a spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and adjustment functions. It includes an electromyography (EMG) acquisition circuit for collecting EMG signals from spastic and antagonistic muscles, a controller and an electrical stimulation circuit to provide the hardware foundation for adjusting the output of the electrical stimulation circuit, and a relay switching circuit to switch between EMG signal acquisition and electrical stimulation circuit output.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and regulation functions, including a controller, a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate. Both the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are provided with a spastic muscle treatment circuit. The spastic muscle treatment circuit includes an electromyography acquisition circuit, an electrical stimulation circuit and a relay switching circuit. The output of the electromyography acquisition circuit is connected to the controller, and the output of the controller is connected to the electrical stimulation circuit. The first and second electrode pads are electrically connected to the electrical stimulation circuit and the electromyography acquisition circuit, respectively, via a relay switching circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the controller includes an MCU chip.

[0008] The MCU chip provides the hardware foundation for receiving and analyzing electromyographic signals. Additionally, the MCU chip outputs control signals to adjust the stimulation parameters of the electrical stimulation circuit and the connection status of the relay switching circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the electromyography acquisition circuit includes a first-stage amplifier circuit, a second-stage amplifier circuit, and an integrating circuit. The first-stage amplifier circuit includes an AD623 instrumentation amplifier. The terminals of the first electrode or the second electrode are respectively connected to the non-inverting and inverting terminals of the AD623 instrumentation amplifier. The output terminal of the AD623 instrumentation amplifier is connected to the second-stage amplifier circuit. The secondary amplifier circuit and the integrator circuit include an LM358 operational amplifier unit, and the output of the integrator circuit is connected to the input of the controller.

[0010] The first-stage amplifier circuit can effectively amplify the weak electromyographic signals of spastic and antagonistic muscles, reducing interference; The signal strength is further enhanced by a two-stage amplification circuit based on the LM358 operational amplifier unit, and the signal is normalized by an integrator circuit to ensure that the electromyographic signal transmitted to the controller accurately reflects the electromyographic status. This provides a reliable signal basis for the controller to judge the degree of muscle spasm, the degree of injury, and to adjust the intensity of electrical stimulation in the future, thus ensuring the accuracy of feedback regulation.

[0011] Furthermore, the electrical stimulation circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and a transformer, with the bases of both the first transistor and the second transistor connected to the output terminal of the controller; The emitter of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor via the primary side of the transformer. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the power supply, and the emitter of the second transistor is grounded. The secondary side of the transformer is connected to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate via a relay switching circuit.

[0012] The transistor responds to controller commands, flexibly adjusting the amplitude and waveform of the stimulation signal, while the transformer adapts to the voltage output required for treatment. Two sets of electrodes are applied to the spastic and antagonistic muscles respectively, and the controller adjusts the output parameters of the electrical stimulation circuit based on the muscle tone signal fed back from the electromyography (EMG) acquisition circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the relay switching circuit includes a third transistor and a double-pole double-throw relay. The base of the third transistor is connected to the output terminal of the controller. The coil of the double-pole double-throw relay is provided with terminals A1 and A2. The collector of the third transistor is connected to terminal A1 of the coil of the double-pole double-throw relay, and terminal A2 of the coil of the double-pole double-throw relay is connected to the power supply. The contacts of a double-pole double-throw relay are connected to an electrical stimulation circuit or an electromyography (EMG) acquisition circuit.

[0014] When electromyography (EMG) signals need to be acquired, the relay connects the electrode pads to the EMG acquisition circuit; when electrical stimulation therapy is required, the relay switches to the electrical stimulation circuit. This provides stable hardware support for closed-loop therapy of "real-time acquisition of muscle tone - dynamic adjustment of stimulation intensity".

[0015] Furthermore, the relay switching circuit is also provided with a protection diode, the positive terminal of which is connected to the power supply; The negative terminal of the protection diode is connected to the coil A1 terminal of the double-pole double-throw relay.

[0016] At the moment of power failure, the coil of a double-pole double-throw relay generates a very high reverse electromotive force (EMF). If this reverse EMF is applied directly to the third transistor, it may cause the transistor to break down. The protection diode is connected in parallel with the coil of the double-pole double-throw relay. At the moment of power failure, the current generated by the reverse EMF flows through the protection diode circuit, thus protecting the third transistor from damage by the reverse high voltage.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model through the above technical solution are as follows: This invention features a first electrode pad attached to the spastic muscle and a second electrode pad attached to the antagonistic muscle. The first and second electrode pads are respectively connected to an electromyography (EMG) acquisition circuit, which acquires the EMG signals collected by the first and second electrode pads in real time. These EMG signals are received by a controller. Furthermore, the controller controls a relay switching circuit to switch between the electrode pads and the EMG acquisition circuit and the electrical stimulation circuit. When the first and second electrode pads are connected to the electrical stimulation circuit, the controller controls the output intensity of the electrical stimulation circuit, allowing the first and second electrode pads to perform electrical stimulation. The controller precisely controls the output intensity of the electrical stimulation circuit based on the previously acquired EMG signals, ensuring a precise match between the electrical stimulation intensity and muscle tone. This ultimately achieves real-time detection of muscle tone and dynamic adjustment of stimulation intensity during treatment, significantly improving the safety and effectiveness of the treatment, avoiding unexpected or excessive stimulation, and ensuring that the treatment is more tailored to the individual patient's muscle condition. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and regulation functions according to the present invention.

[0019] The reference numerals in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 is the controller, 2 is the first electrode plate, 3 is the second electrode plate, 4 is the first-stage amplifier circuit, 5 is the second-stage amplifier circuit, 6 is the integrating circuit, 7 is the first transistor, 8 is the second transistor, 9 is the transformer, 10 is the third transistor, 11 is the double-pole double-throw relay, and 12 is the protection diode. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and regulation functions includes a controller 1, a first electrode 2 and a second electrode 3. Both the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are equipped with spastic muscle treatment circuits. The spastic muscle treatment circuit includes an electromyography acquisition circuit, an electrical stimulation circuit and a relay switching circuit. The output terminal of the electromyography acquisition circuit is connected to the controller 1, and the output terminal of the controller 1 is connected to the electrical stimulation circuit. The first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are electrically connected to the electrical stimulation circuit and the electromyography acquisition circuit, respectively, via a relay switching circuit.

[0021] The controller 1 includes an MCU chip. In this embodiment, the MCU chip is an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller.

[0022] The electromyography acquisition circuit includes a first-stage amplifier circuit 4, a second-stage amplifier circuit 5, and an integrating circuit 6. The first-stage amplifier circuit 4 includes an AD623 instrumentation amplifier. The terminals of the first electrode 2 or the second electrode 3 are respectively connected to the non-inverting and inverting terminals of the AD623 instrumentation amplifier. The output terminal of the AD623 instrumentation amplifier is connected to the second-stage amplifier circuit 5. The secondary amplifier circuit 5 and the integrator circuit 6 include an LM358 operational amplifier unit, and the output terminal of the integrator circuit 6 is connected to the input terminal of the controller 1.

[0023] The electrical stimulation circuit includes a first transistor 7, a second transistor 8, and a transformer 9. The bases of the first transistor 7 and the second transistor 8 are both connected to the output terminal of the controller 1. The emitter of the first transistor 7 is connected to the collector of the second transistor 8 through the primary side of the transformer 9. The collector of the first transistor 7 is connected to the power supply, and the emitter of the second transistor 8 is grounded. The secondary side of the transformer 9 is connected to the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3 via a relay switching circuit.

[0024] The relay switching circuit includes a third transistor 10 and a double-pole double-throw relay 11. The base of the third transistor 10 is connected to the output terminal of the controller 1. The coil of the double-pole double-throw relay 11 is provided with terminals A1 and A2. The collector of the third transistor 10 is connected to terminal A1 of the coil of the double-pole double-throw relay 11, and terminal A2 of the coil of the double-pole double-throw relay 11 is connected to the power supply. The contacts of the double-pole double-throw relay 11 are connected to an electrical stimulation circuit or an electromyography (EMG) acquisition circuit.

[0025] The relay switching circuit is also provided with a protection diode 12, the positive terminal of which is connected to the power supply. The negative terminal of the protection diode 12 is connected to the coil A1 terminal of the double-pole double-throw relay 11.

[0026] In the initial state, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are connected to the electromyography (EMG) acquisition circuit through the contacts of the double-pole double-throw relay 11. The first electrode 2 is attached to the spastic muscle, and the second electrode 3 is attached to the antagonistic muscle. During operation, the EMG signals acquired by the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 first enter the AD623 instrumentation amplifier in the first-stage amplifier circuit 4 for preliminary signal amplification. The amplified signal is then passed to the second-stage amplifier circuit 5 composed of LM358 operational amplifier units for further amplification. After that, the signal enters the integrator circuit 6 composed of LM358 operational amplifier units for integration processing, and the processed EMG signal is output to the controller 1. After receiving the electromyographic signal, controller 1 sends a control signal to the base of the third transistor 10, turning it on. This energizes the coil of the double-pole double-throw relay 11, causing the contacts of the relay to connect the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 to the electrical stimulation circuit. The bases of the first transistor 7 and the second transistor 8 receive the signal from controller 1. Controller 1 controls the first transistor 7 and the second transistor 8 to turn on or off, alternating their conduction. This causes a change in current on the primary side of transformer 9, inducing an electrical stimulation signal on the secondary side. The electrical stimulation signal, after passing through the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3, is applied to the human body to achieve electrical stimulation therapy.

[0027] During the aforementioned treatment process, controller 1 continuously receives and analyzes the electromyographic (EMG) signals processed by the EMG acquisition circuit in real time. The detected EMG signals are correlated with the intensity of the electrical stimulation signal. If the EMG signals indicate a high degree of spasm, controller 1 adjusts the control signals sent to the bases of the first transistor 7 and the second transistor 8, increasing the transistor's conduction time or changing its conduction frequency. This results in a larger and more frequent change in the current on the primary side of transformer 9, thereby increasing the intensity of the electrical stimulation signal induced on the secondary side of transformer 9. Conversely, if the EMG signals indicate a lower degree of spasm, controller 1 controls the first transistor 7 and the second transistor 8 to reduce the intensity of the electrical stimulation signal. In this way, the intensity of the electrical stimulation can be dynamically controlled based on the EMG signals to achieve a more precise treatment effect.

[0028] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the patent claims of this utility model should be included within the scope of the patent application of this utility model.

Claims

1. A spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and regulation functions, comprising a controller (1), a first electrode plate (2), and a second electrode plate (3), characterized in that, The first electrode (2) and the second electrode (3) are both provided with a spastic muscle treatment circuit, which includes an electromyography acquisition circuit, an electrical stimulation circuit and a relay switching circuit; The output terminal of the electromyography acquisition circuit is connected to the controller (1), and the output terminal of the controller (1) is connected to the electrical stimulation circuit. The first electrode (2) and the second electrode (3) are electrically connected to the electrical stimulation circuit and the electromyography acquisition circuit respectively through a relay switching circuit.

2. The spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and adjustment functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (1) includes an MCU chip.

3. The spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and regulation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromyography acquisition circuit includes a first-stage amplifier circuit (4), a second-stage amplifier circuit (5), and an integrating circuit (6). The first-stage amplifier circuit (4) includes an AD623 instrumentation amplifier. The terminals of the first electrode (2) or the second electrode (3) are respectively connected to the non-inverting and inverting terminals of the AD623 instrumentation amplifier. The output terminal of the AD623 instrumentation amplifier is connected to the second-stage amplifier circuit (5). The secondary amplifier circuit (5) and the integrator circuit (6) include an LM358 operational amplifier unit, and the output terminal of the integrator circuit (6) is connected to the input terminal of the controller (1).

4. A spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and adjustment functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical stimulation circuit includes a first transistor (7), a second transistor (8), and a transformer (9). The bases of the first transistor (7) and the second transistor (8) are both connected to the output terminal of the controller (1). The emitter of the first transistor (7) is connected to the collector of the second transistor (8) through the primary side of the transformer (9). The collector of the first transistor (7) is connected to the power supply, and the emitter of the second transistor (8) is grounded. The secondary side of the transformer (9) is connected to the first electrode plate (2) and the second electrode plate (3) through a relay switching circuit.

5. A spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and adjustment functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay switching circuit includes a third transistor (10) and a double-pole double-throw relay (11). The base of the third transistor (10) is connected to the output terminal of the controller (1). The coil of the double-pole double-throw relay (11) is provided with terminals A1 and A2. The collector of the third transistor (10) is connected to terminal A1 of the coil of the double-pole double-throw relay (11), and terminal A2 of the coil of the double-pole double-throw relay (11) is connected to the power supply. The contacts of the double-pole double-throw relay (11) are connected to an electrical stimulation circuit or an electromyography acquisition circuit.

6. A spastic muscle treatment circuit with feedback and regulation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay switching circuit is also provided with a protection diode (12), the positive terminal of which is connected to the power supply; The negative terminal of the protection diode (12) is connected to the coil A1 terminal of the double-pole double-throw relay (11).

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