Sheet-fed printing unit with flexo form cylinder and a sheet-fed printing machine

Abstract

Sheet-fed printing unit (03; 500; 600; 700), wherein the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 500; 600; 700) has a first cylinder (501; 601; 701) of the first type designed as an impression cylinder (501; 601; 701) and a second cylinder (502; 602; 702) of the first type designed as an impression cylinder (502; 602; 702), which are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or in direct cooperation with one another and which each have an axis of rotation (521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722), and wherein an axis plane (E1) is a plane (E1) which contains both the axis of rotation (521; 621; 721) of the first cylinder (501; 601; 701) of the first type as well as the rotation axis (522; 622; 722) of the second cylinder (502; 602; 702) of the first type, and wherein a reference plane (E2) is a plane (E2) which contains at least one rotation axis (521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722) of such a cylinder (501; 502; 601; 602; 701;702) of the first type and which has a horizontal surface normal, and wherein these two cylinders (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) of the first type are arranged at least during a machining operation such that the intersection angle between the axial plane (E1) on the one hand and the reference plane (E2) on the other hand is at most 30°, and wherein the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 500; 600; 700) has at least two forme cylinders (503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707), of which at least one forme cylinder (503; 504; 603; 604; 703; 704) is connected to the first cylinder (501; 601; 701) of the first type is arranged in direct contact and / or directly cooperating relationship and of which at least one other forme cylinder (506; 507; 606; 607; 706; 707) is arranged in direct contact and / or directly cooperating relationship with the second cylinder (502; 602; 702) of the first type and wherein at least one of the forme cylinders (503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706;707) is designed as a flexographic forme cylinder (603; 604; 606; 607) and wherein the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) is assigned a unit length and wherein respective circumferences of the two cylinders (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) of the first type correspond to twice the unit length and wherein respective circumferences of the at least two forme cylinders (503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707) correspond to the unit length.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a sheet-fed printing unit with a flexographic forme cylinder and a sheet-fed printing machine.

[0002] There are a multitude of different sheet-fed printing presses, each with its own specific design, depending on the printing process used. Especially in the area of ​​security printing, sheets are processed one after the other using different printing processes and / or other finishing methods. A corresponding printing company must therefore maintain a large number of printing presses on hand and, if necessary, replace printing presses or purchase additional printing presses when changes occur in the design of the securities. Due to the small production runs, for example, the acquisition costs for individual printing presses can be relatively high.

[0003] The exact match of a printed image on the front and back of a double-sided substrate is called register (DIN 16500-2). In multi-color printing, the term "register" (DIN 16500-2) refers to the exact alignment of individual printed images of different colors to form a single image. Particularly in the production of securities, appropriate measures must be taken to maintain register and / or registration. Register is also called color register. Therefore, the term "register mark" will also be understood below to mean a registration mark, i.e., a mark for checking the register or color register.

[0004] EP 0 949 069 A1 discloses a sheet-fed printing press with a simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit. WO 2007 / 042919 A2 discloses a sheet-fed printing press with a simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit on which an additional simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit is arranged.

[0005] EP 0 351 366 A2 discloses a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit with transfer cylinders arranged one above the other.

[0006] DE 197 56 990 A1 discloses a sheet-fed printing press which has four double printing units, each operating according to the offset printing process, for simultaneously printing both sides of the sheet with a respective printing ink.

[0007] The subsequently published EP 3 375 610 A1 discloses a sheet-fed printing unit for simultaneous printing, the cooperating impression cylinders of which are arranged substantially one above the other.

[0008] US 1 698 544 A discloses a printing unit for the simultaneous printing of two webs in the simultaneous printing process, the cooperating impression cylinders of which are arranged essentially one above the other.

[0009] DE 435 902 A discloses a sheet-fed printing unit which has two horizontal double printing units for offset printing, wherein sheets are transferred from a transfer cylinder of one double printing unit directly to a transfer cylinder of the other double printing unit and these two transfer cylinders are thus arranged partially one above the other.

[0010] CH 432 557 A discloses a sheet-fed printing unit for offset printing, the cooperating impression cylinders of which are arranged essentially one above the other.

[0011] DE 10 2010 003 435 A1 discloses a sheet-fed printing unit for offset printing, the cooperating impression cylinders of which are arranged essentially one above the other.

[0012] The invention is based on the object of creating a sheet-fed printing unit with a flexographic forme cylinder and a sheet-fed printing machine.

[0013] The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1 and the features of claim 9.

[0014] A particular advantage achieved with the invention is that a basic printing unit design can be used for different printing units, even if they operate according to different printing processes. This allows for higher production runs and correspondingly reduces costs per individual unit. A further advantage is that individual sheet-fed printing units can also be retrofitted and adapted to other printing processes. A further advantage is that a corresponding printing press can be easily expanded or, if necessary, reduced.

[0015] A sheet-fed processing machine, in particular a sheet-fed printing press, is preferably designed for processing, in particular printing, and more preferably for two-sided processing, in particular two-sided printing, of sheets, in particular for producing securities, for example banknotes. The sheet-fed processing machine has, for example, at least one sheet-fed processing unit, more preferably at least two sheet-fed processing units, and even more preferably at least three sheet-fed processing units.

[0016] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing unit has at least a first cylinder of the first type designed as an impression cylinder and / or sheet transport cylinder and / or collecting cylinder and / or transfer cylinder and a second cylinder of the first type designed as an impression cylinder and / or sheet transport cylinder and / or collecting cylinder and / or transfer cylinder, which are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or interacting directly with one another and which each have an axis of rotation. An axis plane is a plane that contains both the axis of rotation of the first cylinder of the first type and the axis of rotation of the second cylinder of the first type. Furthermore, a reference plane is a plane that contains at least one axis of rotation of such a cylinder of the first type and that has a horizontal surface normal.These two cylinders of the first type are preferably arranged, at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation, such that the intersection angle between the axial plane on the one hand and the reference plane on the other hand is at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1° and even more preferably at most 0.5° and / or exactly 0°. This then results in the particular advantage that, for example, two-sided processing is possible with only a small space requirement for the sheet-fed printing unit and / or a favorable course of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets. The sheet-fed printing unit is preferably assigned a unit length.

[0017] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing unit has exactly two second-type cylinders designed as sheet transfer cylinders, each of which is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with one of the two first-type cylinders, depending on the configuration of the sheet-fed printing unit, for example, with the same or with the other. This results, for example, in particularly reliable transport with particularly precise sheet positioning.

[0018] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing unit has at least one forme cylinder which is arranged to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with one of the cylinders of the first type. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing unit has at least two forme cylinders, of which at least one forme cylinder is arranged to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first cylinder of the first type, and of which at least one other forme cylinder is arranged to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second cylinder of the first type.

[0019] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing unit has exactly four cylinders of the third type, designed in particular as forme cylinders, of which exactly two are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first cylinder of the first type, and of which exactly two others are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second cylinder of the first type. Preferably, at least one first cutting plane oriented parallel to the reference plane intersects both a first of the two cylinders of the second type, designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder, and two of the four cylinders of the third type, wherein these two are more preferably each assigned to a different one of the two cylinders of the first type.Preferably, at least one second cutting plane oriented parallel to the reference plane intersects both a second of the two cylinders of the second type, designed as a discharge sheet transfer cylinder, and the two other of the four cylinders of the third type, wherein these two are further preferably each assigned to a different one of the two cylinders of the first type.

[0020] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit is preferably characterized in that the respective circumferences of the two cylinders of the first type correspond to twice the unit length and / or that the respective circumferences of the two cylinders of the second type correspond to the unit length and / or that the respective circumferences of the cylinders of the third type, in particular the four cylinders of the third type, correspond to the unit length. This arrangement creates space to accommodate various additional components such as inking units, dryers, cleaning devices, or the like as needed, without having to change the basic configuration of the cylinders.

[0021] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing unit is designed as a simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit and the first cylinder of the first type is designed as a collecting cylinder and the second cylinder of the first type is designed as a collecting cylinder. The simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit preferably has exactly four forme cylinders, of which exactly two are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first collecting cylinder and of which exactly two others are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second collecting cylinder. Preferably, at least one inking unit is arranged per forme cylinder, which has at least one respective ink supply.Preferably, at least one supply cutting plane is defined for each ink supply, which both intersects this ink supply and contains the rotation axis of the forme cylinder that interacts and / or is arranged to be capable of interacting with the inking unit that contains this ink supply. More preferably, an intersection angle between the reference plane on the one hand and at least one such supply cutting plane of the respective ink supply on the other hand is at most 45°, even more preferably at most 35°, even more preferably at most 25°, and even more preferably at most 20°. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit is preferably characterized in that respective circumferences of the two collecting cylinders correspond to twice the unit length and more preferably respective circumferences of the two cylinders of the second type and / or respective circumferences of the four forme cylinders correspond to the unit length.

[0022] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit is preferably characterized in that, on at least one and more preferably on each of these two impression cylinders, that region of a transport path provided for transporting sheets in which contact is provided between the sheet on the one hand and the outer surface of the respective impression cylinder on the other hand, extends over an angular range of at least 270°, more preferably at least 290°, even more preferably at least 300° and even more preferably at least 310°. This is particularly advantageous in sheet-fed printing units which have an S-shaped course of the transport path provided for transporting sheets around the two cylinders of the first type, in particular in sheet-fed numbering printing units and / or flexographic printing units and / or screen printing units, in each case for double-sided printing.

[0023] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit is preferably characterized in that at least one of the forme cylinders is designed as a flexographic forme cylinder or that at least one of the forme cylinders is designed as a numbering forme cylinder on which several numbering units are arranged or that at least one of the forme cylinders is designed as a screen printing forme cylinder.

[0024] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing press has at least two sheet-fed printing units.

[0025] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that a first sheet-fed printing unit has a first cylinder of the first type designed as an impression cylinder and a second cylinder of the first type designed as an impression cylinder, which are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or in direct interaction and which each have an axis of rotation, and in that an axis plane is a plane which contains both the axis of rotation of the first cylinder of the first type and the axis of rotation of the second cylinder of the first type, and in that a reference plane is a plane which contains at least one axis of rotation of such a cylinder of the first type and which has a horizontal surface normal, and in that these two cylinders of the first type are arranged, at least during a machining operation, in such a way that the intersection angle between the axis plane on the one hand and the reference plane on the other hand is at most 45°,more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1° and even more preferably at most 0.5° and / or exactly 0°.

[0026] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that the first sheet-fed printing unit has at least one forme cylinder which is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first impression cylinder or with the second impression cylinder and which is designed as a numbering forme cylinder or as a flexographic forme cylinder or as a screen printing forme cylinder, and in that a second sheet-fed printing unit has at least one cylinder of the first type designed as an impression cylinder, and in that the first and second impression cylinders of the first printing unit and the at least one impression cylinder of the second printing unit have the same circumference. In this way, similar or identical components can be used by printing units of a similar design, thus reducing costs and increasing flexibility.

[0027] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing press has at least two sheet-fed printing units and a first sheet-fed printing unit is designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit and has a first cylinder of the first type designed as a collecting cylinder and a second cylinder of the first type designed as a collecting cylinder, which are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or directly interacting with one another and which each have an axis of rotation and wherein an axis plane is a plane which contains both the axis of rotation of the first cylinder of the first type and the axis of rotation of the second cylinder of the first type and wherein a reference plane is a plane,which contains at least one rotation axis of such a cylinder of the first type and which has a horizontal surface normal, and wherein these two cylinders of the first type are arranged at least during a machining operation such that the intersection angle between the axis plane on the one hand and the reference plane on the other hand is at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1° and even more preferably at most 0.5° and / or exactly 0°, and wherein the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit has exactly four forme cylinders,of which exactly two are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first collecting cylinder, and of which exactly two others are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second collecting cylinder. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that a second sheet-fed printing unit has at least one cylinder of the first type designed as an impression cylinder. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that the second sheet-fed printing unit has at least one forme cylinder,which is arranged in direct contact with the impression cylinder of the second sheet-fed printing unit and / or in particular in direct cooperation with it, and which is designed as a flexographic forme cylinder or as a screen-printing forme cylinder or as a numbering forme cylinder, and in that the two collecting cylinders of the first printing unit and the at least one impression cylinder of the second printing unit have the same circumference. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that, at least for this impression cylinder of the second sheet-fed printing unit, that region of a transport path provided for transporting sheets, in which contact is provided between the sheet on the one hand and the outer surface of the respective impression cylinder on the other hand, extends over an angular range of at least 270°, more preferably at least 290°,even more preferably at least 300° and even more preferably at least 310° and that the two collecting cylinders of the first printing unit and the at least one impression cylinder of the second printing unit have the same circumference.

[0028] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that a first sheet-fed printing unit of the at least two sheet-fed printing units has at least one cylinder of the first type designed as an impression cylinder and at least one cylinder designed as a screen printing forme cylinder, which is arranged in direct contact with the impression cylinder of this first sheet-fed printing unit and / or in particular in direct cooperation. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that a second sheet-fed printing unit of the at least two sheet-fed printing units has at least one cylinder of the first type, in particular designed as a different impression cylinder, and at least one cylinder designed as a screen printing forme cylinder, which is arranged in direct contact with the impression cylinder of this second sheet-fed printing unit and / or in particular in direct cooperation.is arranged cooperatingly. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one first alignment device for printing ink is arranged along a transport path provided for the transport of sheets after the at least one screen printing forme cylinder of the first sheet-fed printing unit and / or before the at least one screen printing forme cylinder of the second sheet-fed printing unit and / or at least one first drying device is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets after the first alignment device and / or before the at least one screen printing forme cylinder of the second sheet-fed printing unit and / or at least one further alignment device for printing ink is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets after the at least one screen printing forme cylinder of the second sheet-fed printing unit and / or in particular after the at least one first drying deviceis arranged and / or at least one further drying device is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets after the further alignment device.

[0029] The term coating agent or printing fluid refers above and below to inks and printing inks, but also primers, varnishes and pasty materials. Printing fluids are preferably materials that are transferred and / or can be transferred to a substrate, in particular a printing material and / or sheet, by a processing machine, in particular a printing machine, or at least one coating unit of the processing machine, in particular at least one printing unit of the printing machine, and in doing so, preferably in a finely structured form and / or not merely over a large area, create a preferably visible and / or perceptible by sensory impressions and / or machine-detectable texture on the substrate, in particular the printing material and / or sheet. Inks and printing inks are preferably solutions or dispersions of at least one colorant in at least one solvent.Possible solvents include water and / or organic solvents. Alternatively or additionally, the printing fluid can be a UV-curing printing fluid. Inks are relatively low-viscosity printing fluids, and printing inks are relatively high-viscosity printing fluids. Inks preferably contain no binder or relatively little binder, while printing inks preferably contain relatively high amounts of binder and, more preferably, other auxiliaries. Colorants can be pigments and / or dyes, with pigments being insoluble in the application medium, while dyes are soluble in the application medium.

[0030] For the sake of simplicity, in the foregoing and in the following – unless explicitly differentiated and named accordingly – the term "printing ink" should be understood to mean a liquid or at least flowable coloring fluid to be printed in the printing press. This refers not only to the higher-viscosity coloring fluids for use in rotary printing presses that are more colloquially associated with the term "printing ink," but also includes, in addition to these higher-viscosity coloring fluids, in particular low-viscosity coloring fluids such as "inks," especially inkjet inks, but also powdered coloring fluids such as toner. Thus, in the foregoing and in the following, references to printing fluids and / or inks and / or printing inks also include, in particular, colorless varnishes.In the foregoing and the following, references to printing fluids and / or inks and / or printing inks preferably also refer to agents for pretreating the printing substrate (so-called priming or precoating). Alternatively, the term "coating agent" can be understood as a synonym for the term "printing fluid."

[0031] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

[0032] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with two simultaneous sheet-fed printing units; Fig. 2a a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet numbering printing unit and a flexographic printing unit; Fig. 2b a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet numbering printing unit and a flexographic printing unit; Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a screen printing unit; Fig. 4a a schematic representation of two screen printing units; Fig. 4b a schematic representation of two screen printing units; Fig. 5 a schematic representation of two screen printing units; Fig. 6 a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing unit with inking units Fig. 7 a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing unit with cylinders of different types; Fig. 8a is a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feed device, a simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units; Fig. 8b a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feeding device, a sheet-fed printing unit designed as a sheet numbering printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit or as a screen printing unit, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units; Fig. 8c is a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feed device, two simultaneous sheet-fed printing units, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units; Fig. 8d is a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feed device, a simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit, a sheet-fed printing unit designed as a sheet numbering printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit or as a screen printing unit, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units; Fig. 8e a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feeding device, two sheet-fed printing units each designed as a sheet numbering printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit or as a screen printing unit, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units; Fig. 8f is a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feed device, three simultaneous sheet-fed printing units, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units; Fig. 8g is a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feeding device, two simultaneous sheet-fed printing units, a sheet-fed printing unit designed as a sheet numbering printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit or as a screen printing unit, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units; Fig. 8h a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feeding device, a simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit, two sheet-fed printing units each designed as a sheet numbering printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit or as a screen printing unit, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units; Fig. 8i is a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feeding device, two simultaneous sheet-fed printing units, two sheet-fed printing units each designed as a sheet numbering printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit or as a screen printing unit, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units; Fig. 8j is a schematic representation of a sheet-fed printing press with a sheet feeding device, three simultaneous sheet-fed printing units, two sheet-fed printing units each designed as a sheet numbering printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit or as a screen printing unit, a delivery device and corresponding transfer units.

[0033] A sheet processing machine 01 is preferably designed as a sheet-fed printing press 01. The sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably designed as a security printing press 01. The sheet processing machine 01 is designed, for example, as a sheet-fed rotary printing press 01 and / or as a sheet-fed rotary offset printing press 01 and / or as a sheet-fed rotary letterset printing press 01 and / or as a sheet-fed rotary flexographic printing press 01 and / or as a sheet-fed rotary letterpress printing press 01 and / or as a sheet-fed numbering printing press 01 and / or as a sheet-fed inspection machine 01 and / or as a sheet-fed rotary screen printing press 01 and / or as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing press 01.

[0034] The sheet-fed processing machine 01 preferably has at least one sheet-fed processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700. The at least one sheet-fed processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed, for example, as a sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700. Depending on the embodiment, different printing processes are possible.

[0035] In the case of a curved transport path, a transport direction T is preferably the direction T that runs tangentially to a section and / or point of the intended transport path that is closest to a respective reference point and is provided for the transport of the substrate 02 and / or sheet 02 at this section and / or point. This respective reference point is preferably located at the point and / or on the component that is related to the transport direction T. The transport direction T therefore preferably extends along the transport path provided for the substrate 02 and / or sheet 02. A transverse direction A is preferably a direction A that extends orthogonally to the transport direction T and horizontally.

[0036] The sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one substrate feed device 100 or sheet feeding device 100, in particular designed as a sheet feeder 100, in particular in addition to the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or along a transport path provided for transporting sheets 02, upstream of the at least one and more preferably upstream of each sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700. The at least one substrate feed device 01 has, for example, a conveyor line 101, designed, for example, as a belt table 101. For example, at least one receiving device, preferably designed as a stacking plate, is arranged. Printing material bundles designed as a sheet stack can then be arranged on this for separation.The receiving device is preferably connected to at least one transport means which ensures that the topmost sheet of the sheet stack is arranged in a defined position, even when the sheet stack is being processed. The substrate feed device 100 preferably comprises sheet separating elements and sheet transport elements. The sheet separating elements are designed, for example, as separating suction cups. The sheet transport elements are designed, for example, as transport suction cups. Preferably, at least one front stop is arranged. For example, the substrate feed device 100 has at least one non-stop device for an uninterrupted supply of sheets 02 even when a subsequent stack is arranged. The belt table arranged downstream of the sheet stack is designed, for example, as a suction belt table.For example, at least one feeding device referred to as a sheet feeder is arranged, which preferably has a feed table and at least one movable front stop.

[0037] The sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one unit 900 designed as a delivery device 900, in particular a sheet delivery 900, in particular in addition to the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 after the at least one and more preferably after each sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700. The sheet delivery 900 preferably contains at least one sheet conveyor system 904, which is designed in particular as a chain conveyor system 904. The sheet conveyor system 904 contains traction means moved, for example, via drive and deflection means, which drive gripping devices for conveying the sheets. The gripping devices have fixing elements for receiving and fixing the sheets 02. Clamping and / or suction grippers for gripping the sheet edges can be used as fixing elements.By means of the sheet delivery 900, the sheets 02 are preferably deposited in the form of a respective delivery stack onto at least one or more preferably one of several transport supports, for example in the form of a pallet or other type of transport support. For example, a sheet guiding device and / or a dryer is arranged in the sheet delivery 900. A respective braking device for decelerating the sheets 02 released by the gripper devices is preferably arranged in front of the corresponding delivery stack. The sheets 02 decelerated by the braking device rest against front stops and are thus deposited in an aligned manner on the respective delivery stack. The respective delivery stack is preferably lowered by a stack lifting drive by the respective deposited sheet thickness, so that the stack surface always assumes an approximately constant level.For example, the sheet delivery 900 is equipped with a non-stop device for uninterrupted removal of delivery stacks. This primarily comprises an auxiliary stack carrier. Alternatively or additionally, the delivery device 900 has at least two, more preferably at least three, delivery stations 901; 902; 903 arranged one behind the other along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 and / or the sheets 02, in particular along the transport path provided for transporting substrate 02. The at least one delivery device 900 is therefore preferably designed as a multiple-stack delivery 900, in particular at least as a double-stack delivery 900 or at least as a triple-stack delivery 900 or at least as a quadruple-stack delivery 900. The delivery stations 901; 902; 903 are also called stack deliveries 901; 902; 903.A respective delivery station 901; 902; 903 or stack delivery 901; 902; 903 is understood in particular to mean a device that serves to form a respective stack. By means of the at least two, at least three, or at least four delivery stations 901; 902; 903, at least two, three, or four different delivery stacks can be formed without having to remove another stack each time. The multiple stack delivery 900 can also have five or more delivery stations 901; 902; 903 or stack delivery 901; 902; 903.

[0038] The transport path provided for the transport of, in particular, at least partially separated sheets 02 preferably begins at the substrate feed device 100 and / or preferably ends at the sheet delivery 900. Stacks comprising a plurality of sheets 02 are preferably fed to the substrate feed device 100 and / or removed from the sheet delivery 900. The transport path of these stacks should not be counted towards the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02.

[0039] The sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700. More preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 has at least two sheet processing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, even more preferably at least three sheet processing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, even more preferably at least four sheet processing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 or even more. The at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is preferably at least also designed as a sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700. A sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 should also be understood to mean a sheet coating unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 in general, and therefore in particular a sheet varnishing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700.

[0040] Preferably, the sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or the sheet processing machine 01 is assigned a unit length. This unit length is related to the processable format of the sheets 02, in particular to the sheet length measured along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. The unit length is, for example, the distance, measured along the intended transport path, between the two leading ends of two directly consecutive, completely separated sheets 02 moved at the same speed through the sheet processing machine 01. The unit length is preferably longer than a single sheet 02. The unit length is, for example, a smallest effective circumference that a sheet transfer cylinder 211; 212; 301; 412; 413; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712; 806 has or can have.Preferably, each component, in particular each sheet transfer element 211; 212; 301; 412; 413; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712; 806, which is provided for transporting at least one completely separated sheet 02 in direct contact, has an effective circumference, or "circumference" for short, which is an integer multiple of the unit length or is identical to the unit length. The unit length corresponds, for example, to the distance measured in the circumferential direction and / or along the transport path provided for transporting sheets 02 from one gripper start to the next gripper start, wherein this next gripper start is the same gripper start if the corresponding circumference corresponds exactly to the unit length. A gripper start is understood to mean, for example, an end of a clamping surface of the respective gripper intended for contact with a sheet 02, which end runs along the transport path intended for sheet 02.The effective circumference does not necessarily have to be an actual circular circumference of the corresponding component or cylinder. The effective circumference is understood to be, for example, the circumference of a component or cylinder that the component or cylinder would have if it had the same reference radius everywhere along its circumferential direction or were cylindrical in shape. This reference radius of the component or cylinder is preferably assumed to be a radius that is measurable at a point where rolling contact is provided between this component or cylinder on the one hand and another component or cylinder on the other, whether with or without an arc 02 arranged in between.If in the foregoing and / or in the following reference is made to a circumference of a cylinder 201; 202; 203; 204; 206; 207; 211; 212; 501; 502; 503; 504; 506; 507; 511; 512; 601; 602; 603; 604; 606; 607; 611; 612; 701; 702; 703; 704; 706; 707; 711; 712 or of another component, this shall be understood to mean its effective circumference, unless there are any contradictions.

[0041] The at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has at least one frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709, which preferably has at least two frame side walls 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709, between which corresponding cylinders 201; 202; 203; 204; 206; 207; 211; 212; 501; 502; 503; 504; 506; 507; 511; 512; 601; 602; 603; 604; 606; 607; 611; 612; 701; 702; 703; 704; 706; 707; 711; 712 are mounted. The at least one frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709 of the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is preferably directly connected to a mounting surface assigned to the sheet processing machine 01, for example a building floor.At least one or more or each of the frame side walls 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709 are, for example, constructed in one piece or from several, for example two or three, wall elements, wherein such wall elements are preferably connected to one another at interfaces which are more preferably horizontally oriented, i.e. have vertically oriented surface normals.

[0042] The respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has at least one cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type. More preferably, the respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has at least two and even more preferably exactly two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, which are even more preferably arranged in direct contact with one another and / or directly interacting with one another and / or capable of interacting with one another. Cylinders 201; 202 of the first type are also referred to, for example, as main cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702. Depending on the design of the respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, at least one cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 is of the first type orthe cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type are designed, for example, as impression cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 and / or as collecting cylinders 201; 202 and / or as transfer cylinders 201; 202 and / or as sheet transport cylinders 201; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702. The at least one cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type preferably each has a circumference that corresponds to twice the unit length. Preferably, at least one of the two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type have at least one gripper system. Depending on the design of the sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, the two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type preferably each have at least one gripper system.The at least one cylinder 201; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type designed as a sheet transport cylinder 201; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 preferably has at least one gripper system, more preferably at least two gripper systems arranged spaced apart from one another in particular in the circumferential direction.

[0043] Each cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type has a rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722, which is preferably arranged in a stationary manner at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation. Each cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type is arranged so as to be rotatable about its rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722. In the case in which the respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, an axial plane E1 is preferably a plane E1 which contains, in particular completely, both the rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 of the first cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and the rotation axis 217; 522; 622; 722 of the second cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type.A reference plane E2 is preferably a plane E2 that contains, in particular completely contains, at least one rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of such a cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, and that has a horizontal surface normal. These two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation, arranged such that the intersection angle between the axial plane E1 on the one hand and the reference plane E2 on the other hand is at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1°, even more preferably at most 0.5° and even more preferably exactly 0°, wherein in the case of 0° the reference plane E2 is equal to the axial plane E1.Preferably, the two cylinders 201; 202 of the first type are arranged vertically one above the other, in particular arranged exactly vertically one above the other. A surface normal is understood to be the direction of the normal vector of the corresponding surface, i.e. the vector oriented orthogonally to every straight line completely contained in this plane. The intersection angle of two planes is equal to the intersection angle of the surface normals of these two planes, in particular, with regard to complementary angles, the smallest measurable intersection angle. The cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type whose rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 is arranged higher with respect to the vertical direction V is called the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type.The cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type whose rotation axis 217; 522; 622; 722 is arranged further down with respect to the vertical direction V is called the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type, in particular regardless of the angle of intersection between the axis plane E1 on the one hand and the reference plane E2 on the other hand.

[0044] The respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has at least one and more preferably exactly one feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711. The respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has at least one and more preferably exactly one discharge sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712. The at least one feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 is designed, for example, as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 or as a feeding chain gripper system. The at least one discharge sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 is designed, for example, as a discharge sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 or designed as a discharge chain gripper system.A sheet transfer cylinder 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 is understood to mean any component that rotates in a circle and / or is arranged to be circularly rotatable and has fastening options for sheets 02, in particular grippers. It is irrelevant whether the component has a support surface for sheets 02 or how large this surface is. The at least one supplying sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 and the at least one discharged sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 are referred to above and below as cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type.The respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 therefore preferably has at least one and / or at least two and more preferably exactly two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type, in particular exactly two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type designed as sheet transfer cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712, which more preferably are each connected to one of the two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type are arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting manner. The sheet transfer elements 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712, in particular sheet transfer cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712, are preferably each arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting manner and / or capable of directly interacting with one of the cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type.The at least one respective sheet transfer element 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712, in particular the at least one respective sheet transfer cylinder 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712, preferably has at least one gripper system. The two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type, designed as sheet transfer cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712, thus preferably each have at least one gripper system.

[0045] The at least one feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 preferably has a rotation axis 219; 528; 628; 728, which is more preferably arranged in a stationary manner at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation. The at least one feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 preferably has a particularly effective circumference that corresponds to one times the unit length. In another embodiment, the at least one feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 has a particularly effective circumference that corresponds to twice the unit length. The at least one discharging sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 preferably has a rotation axis 221; 529; 629; 729, which is further preferably arranged in a stationary manner at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation.The at least one discharge sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 preferably has a particularly effective circumference that corresponds to one single unit length. In another embodiment, the at least one discharge sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 has a particularly effective circumference that corresponds to twice the unit length. Preferably, at least one and / or at least two and more preferably exactly two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type have a particularly effective circumference that corresponds to one single unit length. In another embodiment, at least one and / or at least two and more preferably exactly two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second kind has a particularly effective circumference which corresponds to another multiple of the unit length, in particular twice the unit length.

[0046] The at least one supplying sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 preferably forms a supplying transfer point 213; 513; 613; 713 with at least one, and more preferably with exactly one, cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type. The at least one dischargeing sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 preferably forms a discharged transfer point 214; 514; 614; 714 with at least one, and more preferably with exactly one, cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type.In at least one embodiment of the respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, the cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type with which the at least one supplying sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 forms the supplying transfer point 213; 513; 613; 713 is the same cylinder of the first type, 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702, with which the at least one discharged sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 forms the discharged transfer point 214; 514; 614; 714.In at least one other embodiment of the respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, the at least one feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 forms the feeding transfer point 213; 513; 613; 713 with a first cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and the at least one discharge sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 forms the discharge transfer point 214; 514; 614; 714 with a second cylinder of the first type, 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702, which is different from the first cylinder of the first type, 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702. Then, a contact area between the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type is preferably designed as a transfer point.

[0047] The respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has at least one cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type, more preferably at least two, even more preferably at least three, and even more preferably four. A respective cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type is preferably a respective cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, which is arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly with a cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, but in particular is not a cylinder 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type, thus in particular is not a sheet transfer cylinder 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712.Cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type are characterized, for example, in that they touch the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02, if at all, at most in a respective section in which at least one respective cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type also touches this transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02, in particular from an opposite side. In this case, the corresponding cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type preferably as impression cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702. Cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type are preferably not sheet transfer cylinders and / or preferably do not have sheet holding means and / or grippers.

[0048] Depending on the embodiment of the respective sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, the at least one cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type is designed, for example, as a forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, in particular planographic printing forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or offset printing forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or letterset forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 or flexo forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 and / or letterpress forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 or screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 or as numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507.Preferably, at least one and / or at least two and / or at least three and / or at least four and more preferably each cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type has a particularly effective circumference which corresponds to the simple unit length. In an alternative or additional embodiment, at least one and / or at least two and / or at least three and / or at least four and / or each cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third kind has a particularly effective circumference which corresponds to twice the unit length.Each cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type preferably has its own rotation axis 222; 223; 224; 226; 523; 524; 526; 527; 623; 624; 626; 627; 723; 724; 726; 727, which is further preferably arranged in a stationary manner at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation.

[0049] The sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has at least two cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of a third type, designed as forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, of which at least one is connected to the first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type is arranged in direct contact and / or directly cooperating relationship, and at least one other of which is arranged in direct contact and / or directly cooperating relationship with the second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type.

[0050] In the case in which the sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 6011; 602; 701; 702 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 6011; 602; 701; 702, which are more preferably not designed as collecting cylinders 201; 202 and / or transfer cylinders 201; 202, preferably extends on each of these two impression cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 6011; 602; 701; 702 the area of ​​the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02 in which contact is provided between sheet 02 on the one hand and the lateral surface of the respective impression cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 6011; 602; 701; 702 on the other hand, preferably over an angular range of at least 180°, more preferably at least 225°, even more preferably at least 270°, even more preferably at least 290°, even more preferably at least 300° and even more preferably at least 310°.Preferably, on each of these two impression cylinders 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702, that region of a transport path provided for transporting sheets 02, in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the respective impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 on the other hand, extends over the same angular range. The entire region of the transport path provided for transporting sheets 02, in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and any outer surface of any of the two impression cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 on the other hand, has, apart from regions of the feeding transfer point 213; 513; 613; 713 and / or the outgoing transfer point 214; 514; 614; 714 preferably has an S-shape and / or a change in its direction of curvature.

[0051] The at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and more preferably the respective frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709 of the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has at least two and more preferably exactly two prepared receiving areas of the first type for each cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, in particular an upper receiving area of ​​the first type for the upper cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and / or a lower receiving area of ​​the first type for the lower cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first kind.Each prepared receiving area of ​​the first type has, for example, receiving options for cylinder journals and / or their bearings, in particular at least two receiving options per cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, for example at least one per frame side wall 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709. The receiving options are designed, for example, as respective through-openings in the frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709 and / or as threads for mounting bearing means and / or drives and / or as bearing receptacles and / or as cylinder bearings. A prepared axle position 216; 217; 521; is preferably formed by the respective prepared receiving areas of the first type. 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the first kind are specified within a tolerance range.The tolerance range is preferably at most 20 cm in any direction orthogonal to the transverse direction A, more preferably at most 10 cm, even more preferably at most 5 cm, even more preferably at most 2 cm, and even more preferably at most 1 cm. The prepared axis position 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the first type is identical to the respective rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the corresponding cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, provided that it is mounted.What has been stated regarding the relative position of the rotation axes 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type preferably also applies to the prepared axis positions 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the first type, in particular the prepared axis position 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the first type of the upper cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and / or the prepared axial position 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the first type of the lower cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type. In particular, the axial plane E1 preferably contains the two prepared axial positions 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the first type, in particular completely.

[0052] The at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and more preferably the respective frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709 of the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has at least two and more preferably exactly two prepared receiving areas of the second type, each for a cylinder 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type and / or each for a sheet transfer element 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712, in particular a feeding receiving area of ​​the second type for the feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or the supplying sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or a second type of discharge receiving area for the discharged sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 and / or the discharged sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712.Each prepared receiving area of ​​the second type has, for example, receiving options for shafts and / or axles and / or cylinder journals and / or their bearings, in particular at least two receiving options per cylinder 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type and / or sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711, for example at least one per frame side wall 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709. The receiving options are designed, for example, as respective, in particular through-openings in the frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709 and / or as threads for mounting bearing means and / or drives and / or as bearing receptacles and / or as cylinder bearings. Preferably, at least one prepared axis position 219; 221; 528; 529; 628; 629; 728; 729 of the second type is defined by the respective prepared receiving areas of the second type up to a tolerance range.The tolerance range is preferably at most 20 cm in each direction orthogonal to the transverse direction A, more preferably at most 10 cm, even more preferably at most 5 cm, even more preferably at most 2 cm and even more preferably at most 1 cm. More preferably, at least two and even more preferably exactly two different prepared axis positions 219; 221; 528; 529; 628; 629; 728; 729 of the second type are defined up to the tolerance range by the respective prepared receiving areas of the second type. The prepared axis position 219; 221; 528; 529; 628; 629; 728; 729 of the second type is aligned with the respective axis of rotation 219; 221; 528; 529; 628; 629; 728; 729 of the corresponding cylinder 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type are identical, provided that it is mounted.

[0053] The at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and more preferably the respective frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709 of the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has at least two and more preferably at least four and even more preferably exactly four prepared receiving areas of a third type for each cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of a third type. Each prepared receiving area of ​​the third type has, for example, receiving options for cylinder journals and / or their bearings, in particular at least two receiving options per cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type, for example at least one per frame side wall 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709.The receiving options are designed, for example, as respective, in particular through-openings in the frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709 and / or as threads for mounting bearing means and / or drives and / or as bearing receptacles and / or as cylindrical bearings. Preferably, a prepared axial position 222; 223; 224; 226; 523; 524; 526; 527; 623; 624; 626; 627; 723; 724; 726; 727 of the third type is defined up to a tolerance range by the respective prepared receiving areas of the third type. The tolerance range is preferably at most 20 cm in any direction orthogonal to the transverse direction A, more preferably at most 10 cm, even more preferably at most 5 cm, even more preferably at most 2 cm and even more preferably at most 1 cm.The prepared axis position 222; 223; 224; 226; 523; 524; 526; 527; 623; 624; 626; 627; 723; 724; 726; 727 of the third type is connected to the respective rotation axis 222; 223; 224; 226; 523; 524; 526; 527; 623; 624; 626; 627; 723; 724; 726; 727 of the corresponding cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type are identical, provided that it is mounted.

[0054] Preferably, the rotation axis 219; 528; 628; 728 of the feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or the prepared receiving area of ​​the second type for the feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or for the feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 is arranged further down in the vertical direction V than the rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 of the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and / or than the prepared axis position 216; 521; 621; 721 of the first type of the upper prepared receiving areas of the first type for the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type.Preferably, the rotation axis 221; 529; 629; 729 of the discharge sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 and / or discharge sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 and / or the prepared receiving area of ​​the second type for the discharge sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 and / or for the discharge sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 is arranged further down in the vertical direction V than the rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 of the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and / or than the prepared axis position 216; 521; 621; 721 of the first type of the upper prepared receiving areas of the first type for the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type.

[0055] Preferably, the rotation axis 219; 528; 628; 728 of the feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or the prepared receiving area of ​​the second type for the feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or for the feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 is arranged further up in relation to the vertical direction V than the rotation axis 217; 522; 622; 722 of the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type and / or than the prepared axis position 217; 522; 622; 722 of the first type of the lower prepared receiving areas of the first type for the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type.Preferably, the rotation axis 221; 529; 629; 729 of the discharge sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 and / or discharge sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 and / or the prepared receiving area of ​​the second type for the discharge sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 and / or for the discharge sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 is arranged further up in relation to the vertical direction V than the rotation axis 217; 522; 622; 722 of the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type and / or than the prepared axis position 217; 522; 622; 722 of the first type of the lower prepared receiving areas of the first type for the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type.

[0056] If only exactly one cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type is arranged and its rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 is arranged above the rotation axis 219; 528; 628; 728 of the feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or above the rotation axis 221; 529; 629; 729 of the discharging sheet transfer element 212; 512; 712, this one cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type is preferably considered to be the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type. If only exactly one cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type and its rotation axis 217; 522; 622; 722 is arranged below the rotation axis 219; 528; 628; 728 of the feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or below the rotation axis 221; 529; 629; 729 of the discharging sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712, this one cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type is preferably considered to be the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type.

[0057] In an additional or alternative development, the respective sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that in at least one and preferably several or both or all of several, for example at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, a first tangent plane T1 having a vertical normal vector is arranged tangent to at least one and more preferably two impression cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the respective same sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700.In an additional or alternative development, the respective sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that at least one cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 of the second type designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 is arranged so as to be in direct contact and / or to interact directly with the at least one impression cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the respective sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and is intersected by the first tangent plane T1 and / or that at least one cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 formed cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 of the second type is arranged in direct contact and / or directly cooperating with the at least one impression cylinder 701; 702 of the respective sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and is intersected by the first tangent plane T1.In the case of a plurality of sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, this preferably applies to at least two and / or several and / or all sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, wherein further preferably the respective first tangent plane T1 is the same first tangent plane T1 for at least two and / or several and / or all sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700.

[0058] In an additional or alternative development, the respective sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of that impression cylinder 201; 202; 502; 503; 602; 603; 702; 703 which is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711, is arranged in the same half-space defined by the first tangent plane T1 as the rotation axis 219; 528; 628; 728 of this feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or that the rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the impression cylinder 201; 202; 502; 503; 602; 603; 702; 703 which is connected to the outgoing sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612;712 is arranged in direct contact and / or directly cooperating relationship, is arranged in a same half-space defined by the first tangent plane T1 as the rotation axis 221; 529; 629; 729 of this outgoing sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712.;

[0059] Preferably, the respective rotation axis 222; 223; 523; 524; 623; 624; 723; 724 of each cylinder 203; 204; 503; 504; 603; 604; 703; 704 of the third type that is in direct contact with and / or directly interacts and / or is capable of directly interacting with the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type is arranged further up in the vertical direction V than the rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 of the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and / or than the prepared axis position 216; 521; 621; 721 of the first type of the upper prepared receiving areas of the first type for the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type.Preferably, the respective prepared receiving areas of the third type assigned to the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and / or the upper receiving areas of the first type and / or the respective prepared axial position 222; 223; 224; 226; 523; 524; 526; 527; 623; 624; 626; 627; 723; 724; 726; 727 of the third type is arranged further up in the vertical direction V than the rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 of the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and / or than the prepared axial position 216; 521; 621; 721 of the first type of the upper prepared receiving area of ​​the first type for the upper cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type.

[0060] Preferably, the respective rotation axis 224; 226; 526; 527; 626; 627; 726; 727 of each cylinder 206; 207; 506; 507; 606; 607; 706; 707 of the third type that is in direct contact with the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type and / or that interacts directly with it and / or that is capable of interacting directly with it is arranged further down in the vertical direction V than the rotation axis 217; 522; 622; 722 of the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type and / or than the prepared axis position 217; 522; 622; 722 of the first type of the lower prepared receiving areas of the first type for the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type.Preferably, the respective prepared receiving areas of the third type assigned to the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type and / or the lower receiving areas of the first type and / or the respective prepared axial position 222; 223; 224; 226; 523; 524; 526; 527; 623; 624; 626; 627; 723; 724; 726; 727 of the third type is arranged further down in the vertical direction V than the rotation axis 217 of the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type and / or than the prepared axial position 217; 522; 622; 722 of the first type of the lower prepared receiving area of ​​the first type for the lower cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first kind.

[0061] Preferably, within at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and more preferably within each sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and even more preferably within the entire processing machine 01, relative to the vertical direction V, between each prepared receiving area of ​​the second type and / or its prepared axis position 219; 221; 528; 529; 628; 629; 728; 729 of the second type and / or each cylinder 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type and / or the feeding sheet transfer element 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or its rotation axis 219; 528; 628; 728 and / or the supplying sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 and / or its rotation axis 219; 528; 628; 728 and / or the discharged sheet transfer element 212; 512; 612; 712 and / or its rotation axis 221; 529; 629; 729 and / or the discharged sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 and / or its rotation axis 221; 529; 629;729 on the one hand and each prepared receiving area of ​​the third type and / or its prepared axis position 222; 223; 224; 226; 523; 524; 526; 527; 623; 624; 626; 627; 723; 724; 726; 727 of the third type and / or each cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 of the third type and / or its axis of rotation 222; 223 on the other hand, a rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of at least one and preferably exactly one cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and / or a prepared receiving area of ​​the first type and / or its prepared axial position 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the first type.;

[0062] In an additional or alternative development, the respective sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that at least one and preferably several or both or all of several, for example at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, at least one outer tangent plane T2; T3 having a vertical normal vector and in particular different from the first tangent plane T1 is arranged tangent to the at least one impression cylinder 701; 702.Preferably, at least one cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, in particular planographic printing forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or letterset forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 or numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 or flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 or screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 is designed. 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third kind are cut by the outer tangent plane T2; T3.Further preferred are two cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, in particular planographic printing forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or letterset forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 or numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 or flexographic forme cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 or screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707. 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type are intersected by the outer tangent plane T2; T3. In the case of multiple sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, this preferably applies to at least two and / or more and / or all sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, wherein more preferably the respective outer tangent plane T2; T3 is the same outer tangent plane T2; T3 for at least two and / or more and / or all sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700.Preferably, two different outer tangent planes T2; T3 are defined, in particular an upper outer tangent plane T2 and a lower outer tangent plane T3.

[0063] In an additional or alternative development, the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, which are designed in particular as collecting cylinders 201; 202 and / or as transfer cylinders 201; 202 and / or as impression cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702, which are arranged so as to be in direct contact with one another and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly, in particular at least one first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and a second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type. The two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type preferably each have a rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722, wherein an axis plane E1 is a plane E1 which contains both the rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 of the first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and the rotation axis 217; 522; 622;722 of the second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type, wherein a reference plane E2 completely contains at least one of these rotation axes 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 and has a horizontal surface normal, and wherein these two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type are arranged, at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation, such that an intersection angle between the axial plane E1 on the one hand and the reference plane E2 on the other hand is preferably at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1°, even more preferably at most 0.5°, and even more preferably exactly 0°. Preferably, the circumferences of the two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type each correspond to twice a unit length.;

[0064] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has exactly two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type designed as sheet transfer cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712, which are each arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly with one of the two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, in particular a first cylinder 211; 511; designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711. 611; 711 of the second type, the circumference of which further preferably corresponds to the unit length, and a second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the second type, designed as a discharge sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712, the circumference of which further preferably corresponds to the unit length.

[0065] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has exactly four cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type, in particular designed as forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, of which more preferably exactly two are connected to the first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type is arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting, and exactly two others are arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting with the second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type. Thus, each of the two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type is preferably arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting with two of the four cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 of the third type.A respective particularly effective circumference of the preferably exactly four cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type preferably corresponds to the unit length.

[0066] In an additional or alternative development, at least one first cutting plane S1, oriented parallel to the reference plane E2 and / or vertical, preferably intersects both the first of the two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type, designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711, and two of the four cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type, of which one is more preferably assigned to the first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and of which the other is assigned to the second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 is assigned to the first type.611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type, as well as the two other cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type, of which one is more preferably assigned to the first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and of which the other is assigned to the second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 is assigned to the first type.

[0067] Such an arrangement represents, for example, a basic framework that can be used for differently designed sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, depending on requirements. In this case, there is always sufficient space for corresponding inking units and accessibility for operators is guaranteed. For example, at least one or at least two or at least three or four of the four cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type are designed as planographic printing forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or as letterset forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 or at least one or at least two or at least three or four of the four cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type is designed as a numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 or at least one or at least two or at least three or four of the four cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507;603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type is designed as a flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 or at least one or at least two or at least three or four of the four cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type is designed as a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 50; 600; 700 is characterized in that at least one inking unit 227; 518 is arranged for each forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507, which has at least one respective ink supply 231 and that for each ink supply 231; 531 at least one supply cutting plane S3 is defined, which both intersects this ink supply 231; 531 and contains the rotation axis 222; 223; 224; 226; 523; 524; 526; 527 of that forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507 which is connected to that inking unit 227;518 cooperates and / or is arranged so as to be capable of cooperating, which contains this ink supply 231; 531, and that an intersection angle between the reference plane E2 on the one hand and at least one such supply intersection plane S3 of the respective ink supply 231; 531 on the other hand is at most 45° and / or at most 35° and / or at most 25° and / or at most 20°. This preferably applies for each forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507 for at least one respective ink supply 231; 531 that is part of the inking unit 227; 518 that cooperates and / or is arranged so as to be capable of cooperating with this respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507. (This is also exemplified in ; Fig. 6.)

[0068] In an additional or alternative development, the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has two prepared receiving areas of the first type, each for one of two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type, which are provided for direct interaction with one another and whose circumferences preferably correspond to twice a unit length, wherein more preferably a prepared axis position 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the first type is fixed up to a tolerance range by the respective prepared receiving areas of the first type, and these prepared axis positions 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of the first type are both completely contained in an axial plane E1, wherein a reference plane E2 defines at least one of these prepared axial positions 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721;722 of the first type completely and has a horizontal surface normal and wherein even more preferably an intersection angle between the axial plane E1 on the one hand and the reference plane E2 on the other hand is at most 45°. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is preferably characterized in that the sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has a prepared receiving area of ​​the second type for a cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 of the second type designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711, which cylinder is designed for direct interaction with one of the two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type is provided and the circumference of which further preferably corresponds to the unit length and / or that the sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has a prepared receiving area of ​​the second type for a sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612;712 formed cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the second type, which is provided for direct interaction with one of the two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and whose circumference more preferably corresponds to the unit length. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is preferably characterized in that the sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has four prepared receiving areas of the third type, each for a cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type, the respective circumference of which preferably corresponds to the unit length and which are preferably each provided for direct interaction with one of the two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600;700 is preferably characterized in that at least one first cutting plane S1 oriented parallel to the reference plane E2 and / or vertical intersects both the prepared receiving area of ​​the second type for the cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 of the second type designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 211; 511; 611; 711 and two of the four prepared receiving areas of the third type, each for a cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is preferably characterized in that preferably at least one second cutting plane S2 oriented parallel to the reference plane E2 and / or vertically defines both the prepared receiving area of ​​the second type for the cylinder 212; 512; 612; 712 designed as a discharge sheet transfer cylinder 212; 512; 612;712 of the second type as well as the other two of the four prepared receiving areas of the third type for each cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type.;

[0069] As described, the sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one substrate feed device 100 and at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and at least one delivery device 900. More preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 has at least one substrate feed device 100 and at least two sheet processing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and at least one delivery device 900. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that it has at least one transfer unit 300, which has at least one sheet transfer element 301, in particular at least one sheet transfer cylinder 301. The at least one sheet transfer element 301, in particular the at least one sheet transfer cylinder 301, preferably has at least one gripper system.In an alternative or additional development, the sheet processing machine 01 is characterized in that the substrate feed device 100 and the subsequent sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 are directly connected to one another. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that at least one transfer unit 300 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 between the substrate feed device 100 on the one hand and the at least one subsequent sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02.

[0070] Preferably, the at least one substrate feed device 100 and / or the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or the at least one delivery device 900 and / or the at least one transfer unit 300 each have at least one or at least two coupling devices. These coupling devices are preferably standardized so that a precise coupling of different elements can be achieved depending on the requirements of the structure of the sheet processing machine 01. For example, the respective coupling devices have connecting surfaces that are designed and / or oriented to match one another and more preferably serve as stop surfaces. For example, only two types of these are provided in total, in particular a type directed forward with respect to the transport path provided for the transport of sheets and an opposite type.For example, the at least one substrate feed device 100 has only the forward-directed type and the at least one delivery device 900 has only the opposite type and all other sheet processing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or transfer units 300 have both the forward-directed type and the opposite type.

[0071] In a possible further development, the sheet processing machine 01 is characterized in that a first sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, and a subsequent, in particular second sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, following along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, are directly connected to one another.In an alternative or additional development, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that at least one transfer unit 300 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 between the first sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, and the at least one subsequent, in particular second sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. The same preferably also applies in the case of more than two sheet processing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700.

[0072] In a possible further development, the sheet processing machine 01 is characterized in that a last sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, and the delivery device 900 following along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 are directly connected to one another.In an alternative or additional development, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that at least one transfer unit 300 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, between the last sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular the sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, on the one hand, and the at least one delivery device 900 following along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. The same preferably applies regardless of the number of sheet processing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular the sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700.

[0073] The respective at least one transfer unit 300 preferably has a frame 302; 303, which preferably has at least two frame side walls 302; 303, between which, for example, at least one corresponding sheet transfer element 301 is mounted. The frame 302; 303 of the transfer unit 300 and in particular its frame side walls 302; 303 is / are, for example, directly connected to a support surface assigned to the sheet processing machine 01, for example, a subsurface or building floor supporting the sheet-fed printing press 01. In an alternative or additional development, the frame 302; 303 of the transfer unit 300 is preferably mounted on adjacent components of the sheet processing machine 01, for example, on the substrate feed device 100 and / or on the at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or on the at least one delivery device 900.Further preferably, the frame 302; 303 of the transfer unit 300 is mounted exclusively on such adjacent components of the sheet processing machine 01. Then, an area below the respective transfer unit 300 is, for example, completely accessible to operators. The at least one transfer unit 300 preferably has at least one sheet transfer element 301, which is designed, for example, as a sheet transfer cylinder 301. Alternatively or additionally, at least one sheet transfer element 301 of the at least one transfer unit 300 is designed as a chain gripper system. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the at least one transfer unit 300 has both at least one chain gripper system and at least one sheet transfer cylinder 301. However, the at least one transfer unit 300 preferably has exclusively sheet transfer elements 301 that are designed as sheet transfer cylinders 301.The at least one sheet transfer cylinder 301 preferably has a particularly effective circumference that corresponds to one unit length. In another embodiment, at least one of the sheet transfer cylinders 301 has a particularly effective circumference that corresponds to twice the unit length. Preferably, the at least one transfer unit 300 has a plurality of sheet transfer cylinders 301.

[0074] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that at least one transfer unit 300 has its own frame 302; 303 and is arranged so as to be carried by two, in particular, other functional units 03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900, i.e. is connected in particular only indirectly via these functional units 100; 03; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900 to a subsurface or building floor supporting the sheet-fed printing press 01. One of the two functional units 03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900 is preferably designed as a substrate feed device 100 or as a sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 and / or sheet-numbering printing unit 500 and / or flexographic printing unit 600 and / or screen printing unit 700.The other of the two functional units 03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900 is preferably designed as a delivery device 900 or as a sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 and / or sheet-numbering printing unit 500 and / or flexographic printing unit 600 and / or screen printing unit 700.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, at least one transfer unit 300 is simultaneously designed as an inspection unit 400. The at least one inspection unit 400 preferably serves to inspect sheets 02, in particular those sheets 02 that pass through it and / or run through it. Different inspections are considered and / or used in this case. For example, in particular in a respective at least one inspection process, the respective sheet 02 is subjected to a one-sided reflection inspection and / or a two-sided reflection inspection and / or a transmission inspection and / or a separation point inspection and / or a length inspection. This allows the sheets 02 to be examined for the widest possible spectrum of defects. The respective sheets 02 are preferably arranged so as to be held by at least one gripper system during their respective inspection process.In particular, at least one sheet transfer element 301; 412; 413 of the transfer unit 300 and / or the inspection unit 400 preferably has at least one gripper system. By inspecting the sheets 02, particularly in conjunction with a gripper system, a particularly precise inspection is possible, particularly due to the most precise possible relative position between the sheets 02 and the inspection device 401; 402; 403. In an alternative or additional development, the inspection unit 400 has at least one reflection inspection device 401; 402 and / or at least one transmission inspection device 403.

[0076] The respective inspection unit 400 has at least one inspection device 401; 402; 403. The at least one inspection device 401; 402; 403 is designed, for example, as a reflection inspection device 401; 402, in particular as an upper reflection inspection device 401 and / or as a lower reflection inspection device 402. A respective reflection inspection device 401; 402 preferably has at least one sensor 404; 406, which is more preferably designed as an optical sensor 404; 406 and / or as a sensor 404; 406 for electromagnetic radiation, in particular as a line scan camera 404; 406. For example, the respective reflection inspection device 401; 402 each has at least two such sensors 404; 406, which are designed in particular for the respective detection of different wavelength ranges, for example visible light on the one hand and infrared radiation on the other.The respective reflection inspection device 401; 402 preferably has at least one and more preferably a plurality of illumination means 407; 408, which is / are more preferably designed to be adapted, at least with respect to its wavelength, to the respective at least one sensor 404; 406. An upper reflection inspection device 401 is preferably a reflection inspection device 401, the at least one sensor 404 and / or the at least one illumination means 407 of which is / are arranged, relative to the vertical direction V, above that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, toward which the at least one sensor 404 and / or the at least one illumination means 407 of this upper reflection inspection device 401 is / are arranged aligned.A lower reflection inspection device 402 is preferably a reflection inspection device 402 whose at least one sensor 406 and / or whose at least one illumination means 408 is arranged, relative to the vertical direction V, below that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, to which the at least one sensor 406 and / or the at least one illumination means 408 of this lower reflection inspection device 402 is arranged aligned. Preferably, the respective reflection inspection device 401; 402 and / or the at least one sensor 404; 406 and / or the at least one illumination means 407; 408 is arranged aligned with a respective sheet transfer element 413, in particular a respective sheet transfer cylinder 413.For example, at least one pressure element is assigned to the respective sheet transfer element 413 and / or sheet transfer cylinder 413, in particular to arrange sheet 02 flat on a reference surface, for example, the outer surface of the sheet transfer cylinder 413. Alternatively or additionally, the respective sheet transfer element 413 and / or the respective sheet transfer cylinder 413 has at least one suction opening, more preferably a plurality of suction openings.

[0077] In an alternative or additional development, at least one inspection device 401; 402; 403 is designed, for example, as a transmission inspection device 403. A respective transmission inspection device 403 preferably has at least one sensor 409, which is more preferably designed as an optical sensor 409 and / or as a sensor 409 for electromagnetic radiation, in particular as a line scan camera 409. For example, the respective transmission inspection device 403 each has at least two such sensors 409, which are designed, in particular, for a respective detection of different wavelength ranges, for example visible light on the one hand and infrared radiation on the other. The respective transmission inspection device 403 preferably has at least one and more preferably a plurality of illumination means 411, whichwhich is / are further preferably designed to be adapted, at least with regard to its wavelength, to the respective at least one sensor 409. The at least one sensor 409 of the transmission inspection device 403 and the at least one illumination means 411 of the transmission inspection device 403 are preferably arranged on different sides of that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, to which the at least one sensor 409 and / or the at least one illumination means 411 of this transmission inspection device 403 is arranged so as to be aligned. For this purpose, for example, the at least one sensor 409 or further preferably the at least one illumination means 411 of the transmission inspection device 403 is arranged within a sheet transfer cylinder 412, and the corresponding other component consisting of sensor 409 and illumination means 411 is then preferably arranged outside this sheet transfer cylinder 412.This sheet transfer cylinder 412 then preferably has a surface that is at least partially transparent in the corresponding wavelength range. For example, at least one pressure element is assigned to the sheet transfer cylinder 412, in particular for arranging sheets 02 flat on a surface of the sheet transfer cylinder 412.

[0078] In an alternative or additional development, for example, at least one inspection device 401; 402; 403 is arranged within the substrate feed device 100 and / or within at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or within the delivery device 900. This is provided, for example, if at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is arranged directly and / or without a transfer unit 300 connected to the substrate feed device 100 and / or at least one other sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or the delivery device 900.

[0079] An inspection device 401; 402; 403 can also be arranged directly after a substrate feed device 100 and at the same time directly in front of a delivery device 900.

[0080] Preferably, at least one drying device 04 is arranged. More preferably, a plurality of drying devices 04 are arranged, in particular at positions arranged one after the other along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets. The at least one drying device 04 preferably has at least one energy output device, for example at least one energy output device designed as an infrared radiation source and / or at least one energy output device designed as a UV radiation source and / or the LED UV radiation source and / or at least one energy output device designed as an electron beam source and / or at least one energy output device designed as a hot air source. The at least one energy output device each has an area of ​​action, which is to be understood in particular as the area in which corresponding energy can be applied to sheet 02 in a targeted manner.The area of ​​influence of all energy output devices of a drying device 04 is also called the area of ​​influence of the drying device 04. The area of ​​influence of at least one drying device 04 is preferably directed onto at least one cylinder of the first type 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 and / or onto at least one cylinder 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type and / or onto at least one sheet transfer cylinder 211; 212; 301; 412; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 and / or onto at least one sheet transfer element 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 and / or arranged aligned with at least one chain gripper system. At least one respective drying device 04 has, for example, several energy release devices arranged one after the other along the transport path provided for sheets 02. These are arranged, for example, in separate housings. This can increase the drying effect.Nevertheless, these are preferably regarded as a whole as a respective drying device 04. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet processing machine 01 is characterized, for example, in that the sheet-fed printing press 01 has at least one drying device 04; 229; 516; 616; 619; 716; 803; 804, which is arranged on at least one sheet transfer element 211; 212; 301; 412; 413; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712; 806 and / or at least one sheet transfer cylinder 211; 212; 301; 412; 413; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712; 806 and / or at least one sheet transport cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 is arranged in alignment.

[0081] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet processing machine 01 and / or the respective sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 is characterized, for example, in that at least one drying device 516; 616; 619; 716; 803; 804 is arranged aligned with at least one impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of at least one first and / or at least one second and / or at least one further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 and / or in that at least one drying device 04; 616; 716 is designed as an intermediate drying device 04; 616; 716 and is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 between two printing stations 517; 617; 717 is aligned with the respective impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702, which also defines these two printing points 517; 617; 717.

[0082] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200 designed for a simultaneous printing process and / or at least one sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200 is designed for a simultaneous printing process. Such a sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200 is also called a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 or sheet-collecting printing unit 200. The simultaneous printing process is characterized in particular in that printing ink originating from different forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 is first collected on a collecting cylinder 201; 202, preferably designed and / or acting as a transfer cylinder 201; 202, and is then simultaneously transferred to a respective sheet 02. This transfer preferably takes place directly from the collecting cylinder 202, which is then preferably also designed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202.The respective transfer cylinder 201; 202 preferably cooperates with a respective impression cylinder 201; 202. Preferably, a transfer cylinder 201; 202 and an impression cylinder 201; 202 together form a printing point 218, wherein the sheets 02 are preferably transported through this printing point 218 and / or wherein the sheets 02 are preferably provided with printing ink in this printing point 218, in particular with the collected printing inks. These collecting cylinders 201; 202 and / or transfer cylinders 201; 202 and / or impression cylinders 201; 202 are preferably cylinders 201; 202 of the first type. Preferably, two cylinders 201; 202 of the first type cooperate in such a way that each is designed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202 and at the same time as an impression cylinder 201; 202 for the other of these two cylinders 201; 202 works.The sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 is then also referred to as a simultaneous double printing unit 03; 200 and is used in particular for the simultaneous printing of a respective sheet 02 on two sides.

[0083] The at least one sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 preferably has at least one frame 208; 209, which more preferably has at least two frame side walls 208; 209, between which corresponding cylinders 201; 202; 203; 204; 206; 207; 211; 212 are arranged and / or mounted. The sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 preferably has at least one main cylinder 201; 202 and / or cylinder 201; 202 of the first type, which is more preferably designed as a respective impression cylinder 201; 202 and / or as a respective sheet transport cylinder 201; 202 and / or as a collecting cylinder 201; 202 and / or as a transfer cylinder 201; 202.Further preferably, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 has two cylinders 201; 202 of the first type, which are further preferably designed as a respective impression cylinder 201; 202 and / or as a respective sheet transport cylinder 201; 202 and / or as a collecting cylinder 201; 202 and / or as a transfer cylinder 201; 202 and / or which are in direct contact with one another and / or are arranged to interact directly with one another and / or to be capable of interacting with one another. Preferably, only one of these cylinders 201; 202 of the first type is designed as a sheet transport cylinder 201; 202. Then, no sheet transfer needs to take place between them in the area of ​​the printing point 218.

[0084] The at least one sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 has at least one forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207. The respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 is preferably a respective cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 of a third type, in particular as described above and below. Thus, each respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 is preferably arranged in direct contact with a respective cylinder 201; 202 of the first type, in particular designed as an impression cylinder 501; 502, and / or directly interacting with it and / or capable of interacting with it. The sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 preferably has at least two forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207, which are further preferably arranged in direct contact with a common collecting cylinder 201; 202 and / or cooperating directly therewith and / or capable of cooperating therewith.Alternatively or additionally, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 has at least three forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207, of which more preferably two are arranged in direct contact with a common collecting cylinder 201; 202 and / or interact directly therewith and / or are capable of interacting therewith, and of which more preferably another is arranged in direct contact with the second collecting cylinder 201; 202 and / or interact directly therewith and / or are capable of interacting therewith.Alternatively or additionally, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 has four forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207, of which more preferably two are in direct contact with a particularly first common collecting cylinder 201; 202 and / or are arranged to interact directly therewith and / or to be capable of interacting therewith, and of which more preferably two others are arranged to be in direct contact with the other, particularly second common collecting cylinder 201; 202 and / or to interact directly therewith and / or to be capable of interacting therewith.

[0085] Different printing forms, in particular printing plates, can be arranged on the respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207, for example, depending on the print image to be printed. For example, at least one planographic printing forme can be arranged on the respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207. Alternatively or additionally, for example, at least one letterset printing forme can be arranged on the respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207. A letterset printing forme has only a relatively low height of the ink-transferring areas compared to the rest of the printing plate and is comparable to a letterpress forme in terms of its operating principle.206; 207 by means of the respective collecting cylinder 201; 202 and is transferred from the respective collecting cylinder 201; 202 to the respective sheet 02, the corresponding printing process is also called an offset printing process. Accordingly, the respective forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 are also referred to as offset forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207. Depending on which printing form is arranged and / or can be arranged on the respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207, the respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 is in particular a planographic printing forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or letterset forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207. It is possible to simultaneously load a portion of the respective forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 with offset printing forms and to load another portion of the respective forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 with planographic printing forms.Preferably, at least one and more preferably each of the preferably two or three or four forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 is designed as a planographic printing forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and as a letterset printing forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207, i.e. designed such that it can optionally carry a planographic printing forme or a letterset printing forme.

[0086] The sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 preferably has at least one form feed device 233, in particular a plate feed device 233, for feeding printing forms to a respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207. Further preferably, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 has at least one form feed device 233, in particular a plate feed device 233, for each forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207. The sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 preferably has at least one cleaning device 232, in particular for cleaning a circumferential surface of a respective transfer cylinder 201; 202. This respective circumferential surface is formed, for example, by a particularly removable rubber blanket. Further preferably, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 has at least one cleaning device 232 for each transfer cylinder 201; 202.

[0087] Preferably, at least one inking unit 227 is arranged per forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207. The at least one inking unit 227 preferably supplies the respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and in particular the respective printing form arranged thereon with printing ink upon contact. Preferably, a respective collection point 228 is defined by each forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and the impression cylinder 201; 202 interacting with it. The respective inking unit 227 preferably has at least one ink supply 231, more preferably at least two ink supplies 231. The at least one ink supply 231 is designed, for example, as a respective ink fountain 231. Preferably, a simple or preferably branched row of inking unit rollers extends from the at least one ink supply 231 to the respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207.At least one of these inking unit rollers is preferably designed as an ink forme roller and is in contact with the respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207, in particular with the respective printing form arranged thereon. Preferably, at least one, and more preferably each, of the inking units 227 is designed such that, starting from the forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 interacting and / or capable of interacting with it, it extends substantially upwards or downwards in the vertical direction V. For example, in this way, a working area for operators is as large as possible while the printing unit 03; 200 remains as narrow as possible. This is particularly successful because the working area is thereby narrow and high rather than wide and low.

[0088] Preferably, for each ink supply 231 and / or ink fountain 231, at least one supply cutting plane S3 is defined, which both intersects this ink supply 231 and / or ink fountain 231, in particular an interior of this ink supply 231 and / or ink fountain 231 provided for receiving the printing ink, and also contains the rotation axis 222; 223; 224; 226 of the forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 that interacts and / or is arranged to be capable of interacting with the inking unit 227 that contains this ink supply 231 and / or ink fountain 231. For example, a plurality of such supply cutting planes S3 are present for each ink supply. A vertical comparison plane E3 is preferably a plane E3 that extends in the transverse direction A and that has a horizontal surface normal. For example, the vertical comparison plane E3 is identical to the reference plane E2.Preferably, an intersection angle between the vertical comparison plane E3 and / or the reference plane E2, on the one hand, and at least one, and more preferably each, such supply intersection plane S3 of the respective ink supply 231 and / or ink fountain 231, on the other hand, is at most 45°, more preferably at most 35°, and even more preferably at most 25° and / or at most 20°. This preferably applies for each forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 for at least one, and more preferably each, respective ink supply 231 that is part of the inking unit 227 that interacts with this respective forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or is arranged to be capable of interacting with it.In particular, the simultaneous printing unit 200 is therefore preferably characterized in an alternative or additional development in that at least one inking unit 227 is arranged per forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207, which has at least one respective ink supply 231 and that for each ink supply 231 at least one supply cutting plane S3 is defined, which both intersects this ink supply 231 and the rotation axis 222; 223; 224; 226 of that forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207, which cooperates and / or is arranged to be capable of cooperating with the inking unit 227 which contains this ink supply 231, and wherein an intersection angle between the reference plane E2 on the one hand and at least one such supply intersection plane S3 of the respective ink supply 231 on the other hand is at most 45°, more preferably at most 35°, even more preferably at most 25° and even more preferably at most 20°.In an alternative or additional development, the respective inking unit is arranged in a respective sub-frame which is arranged to be movable relative to the frame 208; 209 of the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200, in particular with at least one vertical component and / or at least one horizontal component oriented orthogonally to the transverse direction A and / or at least one component parallel to the transverse direction A. Preferably, at least one dampening unit is arranged per forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207, in particular in order to be able to carry out a wet offset printing process.

[0089] As described, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 preferably has two impression cylinders 201; 202, of which, however, preferably only one is designed as a sheet transport cylinder 201; 202. This sheet transport cylinder 201; 202 is preferably arranged so as to be in direct contact with, and / or directly interacting with, and / or capable of interacting with both a supplying sheet transfer element 211 and a discharged sheet transfer element 212. The supplying sheet transfer element 211 is preferably designed as a supplying sheet transfer cylinder 211 and / or a second-type cylinder 211. The discharged sheet transfer element 212 is preferably designed as a discharged sheet transfer cylinder 212 and / or a second-type cylinder 212.

[0090] Preferably, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 has at least one drying device 04; 229 and / or at least one drying device 04; 229 is assigned to the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200. More preferably, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 has at least two drying devices 04; 229 and / or at least two drying devices 04; 229 are assigned to the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200. For example, at least one drying device 04; 229 is arranged aligned with at least one cylinder 212, in particular the outgoing sheet transfer cylinder 212 of the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200. More preferably, alternatively or additionally, at least one drying device 04; 229 is arranged on at least one sheet transfer cylinder 301 arranged downstream of the outgoing transfer point 214, which drying device is assigned to the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 is assigned.The respective at least one drying device 04; 229 is arranged, for example, aligned with a sheet transfer cylinder 212 of the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 or with a sheet transfer cylinder 301 of a transfer unit 300, in particular along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 after the printing point 218 of this sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200. The respective at least one drying device 04; 229 is preferably designed as described above and / or below generally with regard to drying devices.

[0091] Preferably, that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02 in which contact is provided between sheet 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the impression cylinder 201; 202 designed as a sheet transport cylinder 201; 202 on the other hand, preferably extends over an angular range of at least 45°, more preferably at least 60°, even more preferably at least 90° and even more preferably at least 100° and even more preferably at least 105° and which additionally or independently thereof is at most 180°, more preferably at most 135°, even more preferably at most 120° and even more preferably at most 110°.This region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02, in which contact is provided between sheet 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the cylinder 201; 202 of the first type, designed as a sheet transport cylinder 201; 202, on the other hand, preferably has, apart from regions of the incoming transfer point 213 and / or the outgoing transfer point 214, only a curvature in one direction and / or a constant curvature, in particular independent of the number of forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or whether single-sided printing or double-sided printing is intended. The other impression cylinder 201; 202, in particular, preferably only touches sheet 02 in the area of ​​the printing point 218.

[0092] In the case in which only one of the two cylinders 201; 202 of the first type of sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 is arranged to be in direct contact with forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 is preferably provided for single-sided printing of sheet 02. In the case in which both cylinders 201; 202 of the first type of sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 are arranged to be in direct contact with forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 is preferably provided for double-sided printing of sheet 02.

[0093] In an alternative or additional development, the simultaneous printing unit 200 is preferably characterized in that it has a first cylinder 201 of the first type, designed as a collecting cylinder 201, and a second cylinder 202 of the first type, designed as a collecting cylinder 202, which are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or in direct interaction with one another and which each have a rotation axis 216; 217, and in that an axis plane E1 is a plane E1 which contains both the rotation axis 216 of the first cylinder 201 of the first type and the rotation axis 217 of the second cylinder 202 of the first type, and in that a reference plane E2 is a plane E2 which contains at least one rotation axis 216; 217 of such a cylinder 201; 202 of the first type and which has a horizontal surface normal.These two cylinders 201; 202 of the first type are preferably arranged, at least during a machining operation, in particular a printing operation, such that the intersection angle between the axial plane E1 on the one hand and the reference plane E2 on the other hand is at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1°, even more preferably at most 0.5° and even more preferably exactly 0°.

[0094] The sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 preferably has exactly four forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207, of which more preferably exactly two are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first collecting cylinder 201 and exactly two others are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second collecting cylinder 202.

[0095] In an alternative or additional development, the simultaneous printing unit 200 is preferably characterized in that it is assigned a unit length and that the respective circumferences of the two collecting cylinders 201; 202 correspond to twice the unit length and / or the respective circumferences of the two cylinders 211; 212 of the second type and / or the respective circumferences of the in particular four forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 correspond to the unit length. In an alternative or additional development, the simultaneous printing unit 200 is preferably characterized in that the simultaneous printing unit 200 has exactly two cylinders 211; 212 of the second type designed as sheet transfer cylinders 211; 212, which are each arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with one, in particular the same, of the two cylinders 201; 202 of the first type.In an alternative or additional development, the simultaneous printing unit 200 is preferably characterized in that the respective circumferences of the two cylinders 211; 212 of the second type correspond to the unit length. In an alternative or additional development, the simultaneous printing unit 200 is preferably characterized in that at least one of the two cylinders 211; 212 of the second type is designed as a supplying sheet transfer cylinder 211 and forms a supplying transfer point 213 with a cylinder 201; 202 of the first type and / or that at least one of the two cylinders 211; 212 of the second type is designed as a discharged sheet transfer cylinder 212 and forms a discharged transfer point 214 with one, in particular the same, cylinder 201; 202 of the first type.In an alternative or additional development, the simultaneous printing unit 200 is preferably characterized in that the collecting cylinders 201; 202 are designed as transfer cylinders 201; 202 and / or as impression cylinders 201; 202.

[0096] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one sheet processing unit 03; 500 and / or sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500 designed for a letterpress process and / or at least one sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500 is designed for a letterpress process. Such a sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500 is also called a letterpress unit 03; 500. The letterpress process is used, for example, as a numbering printing process. The following comments relate to a sheet-numbering printing unit 03; 500, but these also apply accordingly to general letterpress processes. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one sheet processing unit 03; 500 and / or sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500 designed for a numbering printing process and / or at least one sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500 is designed for a numbering printing process.Such a sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500 is also called a sheet-numbering printing unit 03; 500. The at least one sheet-numbering printing unit 03; 500 preferably has at least one frame 508; 509, which preferably has at least two frame side walls 508; 509, between which corresponding cylinders 501; 502; 503; 504; 506; 507; 511; 512 are mounted. The sheet-numbering printing unit 03; 500 preferably has at least one main cylinder 501; 502 and / or cylinder 501; 502 of the first type, which is further preferably designed as a respective impression cylinder 501; 502 and / or as a respective sheet transport cylinder 501; 502.Further preferably, the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 has two cylinders 501; 502 of the first type, which are further preferably designed as respective impression cylinders 501; 502 and / or as respective sheet transport cylinders 501; 502 and / or which are in direct contact with one another and / or are arranged to interact directly with one another and / or to be capable of interacting directly with one another.

[0097] Preferably, the respective numbering of the sheets 02 and / or the copies of the sheets 02, in particular designed as securities, is carried out by means of a letterpress process, in particular using at least one numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507, which more preferably has at least one numbering unit. Individual numbering units are preferably used, more preferably several of which are arranged on a common numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507.Preferably, the respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 has a plurality of numbering units that are arranged one behind the other in its circumferential direction on the respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507, for example at least two or at least four or at least eight or at least twelve, and / or the respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 has a plurality of numbering units that are arranged next to one another in the transverse direction A on the respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. The respective at least one numbering unit has, for example, a counter with a plurality of symbol rollers, wherein the symbol rollers each have offset, in particular raised areas in the form of symbols such as numbers and / or letters. Depending on the position of a respective symbol roller, a different symbol is located on the outside, in particular on a rotation axis 523; 524; 526; 527 of the respective numbering form cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 related outside.Depending on the relative position of the individual symbol rollers, the outer symbols of the counter as a whole preferably result in a unique serial number. Preferably, at least one inking unit 518 is arranged per numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. The at least one inking unit 518 preferably provides the respective outer symbols of the numbering units of this respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 with printing ink upon contact. The respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 is rotated further and comes into contact with the respective sheet 02 and transfers the printing ink in the form of the symbol onto the sheet 02. Preferably, the combination of symbols is changed until the next contact of this numbering unit with the inking unit 518 in order to be able to transfer a different marking upon the next contact with the corresponding sheet 02.Preferably, a respective printing point 517 is defined by each numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 and the impression cylinder 501; 502 that is in direct contact with it and / or interacts directly and / or is capable of interacting directly.

[0098] The respective inking unit 518 preferably has at least one respective ink supply 531, more preferably at least two ink supplies 531. The at least one ink supply 531 is designed, for example, as a respective ink fountain 531. Preferably, a simple or preferably branched row of inking unit rollers extends from the at least one ink supply 531 to the respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. At least one of these inking unit rollers is preferably designed as an ink application roller and is in contact with the respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. Preferably, at least one and more preferably each of the inking units 518 is designed such that, starting from the numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 that is in direct contact with it and / or interacts directly and / or is capable of interacting directly with it. 507 extends substantially upwards or downwards in the vertical direction V.For example, this makes the working area for operators as large as possible. Preferably, at least one supply cutting plane S3 is defined for each ink supply 531 and / or ink fountain 531, which intersects both this ink supply 531 and / or ink fountain 531, in particular an interior space of this ink supply 531 and / or ink fountain 531 intended to receive the printing ink, and also contains the rotation axis 523; 524; 526; 527 of the numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 that cooperates and / or is arranged to be capable of interacting with the inking unit 518 that contains this ink supply 531 and / or ink fountain 531. A vertical comparison plane E3 is preferably a plane E3 that extends in the transverse direction A and that has a horizontal surface normal. For example, the vertical comparison plane E3 is identical to the reference plane E2.Preferably, an intersection angle between the vertical comparison plane E3 and / or the reference plane E2, on the one hand, and at least one, and more preferably each, such supply intersection plane S3 of the respective ink supply 531 and / or ink fountain 531, on the other hand, is at most 45°, more preferably at most 35°, even more preferably at most 25°, and even more preferably at most 20°. This preferably applies to each forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 for at least one respective ink supply 531 that is part of the inking unit 518 that interacts with this respective forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 and / or is arranged to be capable of interacting with it.In an alternative or additional development, the respective inking unit is arranged in a respective sub-frame which is arranged to be movable relative to the frame 508; 509 of the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500, in particular with at least one vertical component and / or at least one horizontal component oriented orthogonally to the transverse direction A and / or at least one component parallel to the transverse direction A.

[0099] The respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 is preferably a respective cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 of a third type, in particular as described above and below. Thus, each respective numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 is preferably arranged in direct contact with, and / or directly interacting with, and / or capable of directly interacting with a respective cylinder 501; 502 of the first type, in particular designed as an impression cylinder 501; 502. In an alternative or additional development of the sheet-fed numbering printing unit 03; 500, a numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 is arranged. This is assigned to an impression cylinder 501; 502. A further impression cylinder is then unnecessary. In an alternative or additional development of the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500, two numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 are arranged.Preferably, these two numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 are assigned to the same impression cylinder 501; 502. A further impression cylinder is then not necessary. Alternatively, each of these two numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 is assigned to a different one of two impression cylinders 501; 502.Preferably, and in particular in this case, the sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has at least two forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, of which at least one forme cylinder 503; 504; 603; 604; 703; 704 is arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first cylinder 501; 601; 701 of the first type, and of which at least one other forme cylinder 506; 507; 606; 607; 706; 707 is arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second cylinder 502; 602; 702 of the first type is arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting relationship, wherein at least one of the forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 is designed as a numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. In an alternative or additional development of the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500, three numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 are arranged.Preferably, two of these three numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 are then assigned to the same one of two impression cylinders 501; 502, and the third numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 is assigned to the other of the two impression cylinders 501; 502. In an alternative or additional development of the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500, four numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 are arranged. Preferably, two of these four numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 are then assigned to the same one of two impression cylinders 501; 502, and the other two of the four numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 are assigned to the other of the two impression cylinders 501; 502.

[0100] Preferably, impression cylinders 501; 502 of the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 are also designed as sheet transport cylinders 501; 502, particularly regardless of their number. If the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 has only one cylinder 501; 502 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 501; 502, this impression cylinder 501; 502 is preferably arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with and / or capable of directly interacting with both a supplying sheet transfer element 511 and a discharged sheet transfer element 512.If the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 has two cylinders 501; 502 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 501; 502, one of these impression cylinders 501; 502 is preferably arranged so as to be in direct contact with the feeding sheet transfer element 511 and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly, and another of these two impression cylinders 501; 502 is preferably arranged so as to be in direct contact with the discharging sheet transfer element 512 and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly. The feeding sheet transfer element 511 is preferably designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 511 and / or cylinder 511 of the second type. The discharging sheet transfer element 512 is preferably designed as a discharging sheet transfer cylinder 512 and / or cylinder 512 of the second type.

[0101] The sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 preferably has at least one drying device 04; 516. More preferably, the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 has at least two drying devices 04; 516. For example, at least one drying device 04; 516 is arranged in alignment with at least one impression cylinder 501; 502 of the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500. More preferably, alternatively or additionally, at least one drying device 04; 516 is arranged on at least one sheet transfer cylinder arranged downstream of the outgoing transfer point 514, which is assigned to the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500. This at least one drying device 04; 516 is, for example, arranged on a sheet transfer cylinder of the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 or aligned with a sheet transfer cylinder 301 of a transfer unit 300, in particular after each printing position 517 of this sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500.Further preferably, alternatively or additionally, at least one drying device 04; 516 is arranged on each of two sheet transfer cylinders arranged downstream of the outgoing transfer point 514, which drying device is assigned to the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500. These at least two drying devices 04; 516 are arranged, for example, aligned with a respective sheet transfer cylinder of the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 or with a respective sheet transfer cylinder of a transfer unit 300, in particular after each printing point 517 of this sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500. The respective at least one drying device 04; 516 is preferably designed as described above and / or below generally with regard to drying devices.

[0102] In the case in which the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 has only one cylinder 501; 502 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 501; 502, that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the impression cylinder 501; 502 on the other hand, preferably extends over an angular range of at least 180°, more preferably at least 200°, even more preferably at least 220°, even more preferably at least 240° and even more preferably at least 250°. This region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the impression cylinder 501; 502 on the other hand, preferably has, apart from regions of the supplying transfer point 513 and / or the discharge transfer point 514, only a curvature in one direction and / or a constant curvature.In the case in which the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 has two cylinders 501; 502 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 501; 502, that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the respective impression cylinder 501; 502 on the other hand preferably extends on each of these two impression cylinders 501; 502, preferably over an angular range of at least 180°, more preferably at least 225°, even more preferably at least 270°, even more preferably at least 290°, even more preferably at least 300° and even more preferably at least 310°.The entire area of ​​the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02, in which contact is provided between sheet 02 on the one hand and a circumferential surface of any of the two impression cylinders 501; 502 of the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 on the other hand, preferably has an S-shape and / or a change in its direction of curvature, apart from areas of the incoming transfer point 513 and / or the outgoing transfer point 514.

[0103] In the case where the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 has only one cylinder 501; 502 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 501; 502, it is preferably provided for single-sided printing of sheet 02. In the case where the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 has two cylinders 501; 502 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 501; 502, it is preferably provided for double-sided printing of sheet 02.

[0104] The preceding and / or following statements regarding sheet-fed numbering printing unit 03; 500 also apply accordingly generally to a letterpress unit 03; 500, provided that no contradictions arise, in particular with the modification that letterpress forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 preferably carry respective fixed printing forms and not numbering units such as numbering forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507.

[0105] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one sheet processing unit 03; 600 and / or sheet-fed printing unit 03; 600 designed for a flexographic printing process and / or at least one sheet-fed printing unit 03; 600 is designed for a flexographic printing process. Such a sheet-fed printing unit 03; 600 is also called a flexographic printing unit 03; 600. The flexographic printing process is used, for example, as a coating process, in particular a varnishing process. The at least one flexographic printing unit 03; 600 preferably has at least one frame 608; 609, which preferably has at least two frame side walls 608; 609, between which corresponding cylinders 601; 602; 603; 604; 606; 607; 611; 612 are mounted.The flexographic printing unit 03; 600 preferably has at least one main cylinder 601; 602 and / or cylinder 601; 602 of the first type, which is further preferably designed as a respective impression cylinder 601; 602 and / or as a respective sheet transport cylinder 601; 602. Further preferably, the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 has two cylinders 601; 602 of the first type, which are further preferably designed as a respective impression cylinder 601; 602 and / or as a respective sheet transport cylinder 601; 602 and / or which are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or interacting directly with one another and / or capable of interacting directly with one another.

[0106] Preferably, each coating is carried out using the flexographic printing process in order to provide the sheets 02 and / or the blanks, in particular securities and / or banknotes, with a protective varnish. In this case, fixed printing plates are preferably used with regard to the print image, by means of which, depending on the design, coating agent, in particular varnish, is and / or can be applied to the blanks, in particular securities and / or banknotes, over a large area and / or the entire area or with small area proportions and / or in the form of a grid and / or in other forms. In a preferred embodiment, the coating is carried out using the flexographic printing process as the last coating process and / or printing process in order to protect all previous processing results.

[0107] The flexographic printing unit 03; 600 preferably has at least one cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 of a third type designed as a flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607. Preferably, at least one inking unit 618 is arranged per flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607. A flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 is understood to mean, in particular, a forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 provided for a flexographic printing process and / or is understood to mean, in particular, a forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 that is designed to support at least one preferably replaceable flexographic printing forme, in particular on its outer surface. The at least one inking unit 618 preferably provides the respective flexographic printing form of this respective flexographic form cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 with printing ink upon contact.The respective flexo forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 is rotated further and comes into contact with the respective sheet 02 and transfers the printing ink to the sheet 02 in the form specified by the flexo printing form. Preferably, a respective printing point 617 is defined by each flexo forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 and the impression cylinder 601; 602 that is in direct contact with it and / or interacts directly with it and / or is capable of interacting directly with it.

[0108] The respective inking unit 618 preferably has at least one ink supply, more preferably precisely one ink supply. The at least one ink supply is designed, for example, as a respective chambered doctor blade and more preferably has at least one doctor blade chamber and at least one working doctor blade. The chambered doctor blade is preferably arranged in direct contact with an anilox roller and / or directly interacting with it and / or capable of directly interacting with it. The anilox roller is preferably arranged in direct contact with a respective flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 and / or directly interacting with it and / or capable of directly interacting with it.

[0109] The respective flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 is a respective cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 of a third type, in particular as described above and below. Thus, each respective flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 is preferably arranged in direct contact with, and / or directly interacting with, and / or capable of directly interacting with a respective cylinder 601; 602 of the first type, in particular configured as an impression cylinder 601; 602. In an alternative or additional development of the flexographic printing unit 03; 600, a flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 is arranged. This is preferably assigned to an impression cylinder 601; 602. A further impression cylinder is then unnecessary. In an alternative or additional development of the flexo printing unit 03; 600, two flexo forme cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 are arranged.Preferably, these two flexographic forme cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 are assigned to the same impression cylinder 601; 602. A further impression cylinder is then not necessary. Alternatively, each of these two flexographic forme cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 is assigned to a different one of two impression cylinders 601; 602.Preferably, and in particular in this case, the sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has at least two forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, of which at least one forme cylinder 503; 504; 603; 604; 703; 704 is arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first cylinder 501; 601; 701 of the first type, and of which at least one other forme cylinder 506; 507; 606; 607; 706; 707 is arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second cylinder 502; 602; 702 of the first type is arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting relationship, wherein at least one of the forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 is designed as a flexo forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607. In an alternative or additional development of the flexo printing unit 03; 600, three flexo forme cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 are arranged.Preferably, two of these three flexo forme cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 are then assigned to the same one of two impression cylinders 601; 602, and the third flexo forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 is assigned to the other of the two impression cylinders 601; 602. In an alternative or additional development of the flexo printing unit 03; 600, four flexo forme cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 are arranged. Preferably, two of these four flexo forme cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 are then assigned to the same one of two impression cylinders 601; 602, and the other two of the four flexo forme cylinders 603; 604; 606; 607 are assigned to the other of the two impression cylinders 601; 602.

[0110] Preferably, impression cylinders 601; 602 of the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 are also designed as sheet transport cylinders 601; 602, particularly regardless of their number. If the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 has only one cylinder 601; 602 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 601; 602, this impression cylinder 601; 602 is preferably arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with and / or capable of directly interacting with both a supplying sheet transfer element 611 and a discharged sheet transfer element 612.If the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 has two cylinders 601; 602 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 601; 602, one of these impression cylinders 601; 602 is preferably arranged so as to be in direct contact with the feeding sheet transfer element 611 and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly, and another of these two impression cylinders 601; 602 is preferably arranged so as to be in direct contact with the discharging sheet transfer element 612 and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly. The feeding sheet transfer element 611 is preferably designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 611 and / or cylinder 611 of the second type. The discharging sheet transfer element 612 is preferably designed as a discharging sheet transfer cylinder 612 and / or cylinder 612 of the second type.

[0111] The flexographic printing unit 03; 600 preferably has at least one drying device 04; 616; 619. Further preferably, the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 has at least two drying devices 04; 616; 619. For example, at least one drying device 04; 616; 619 is arranged aligned with at least one impression cylinder 601; 602 of the flexographic printing unit 03; 600. Preferably, at least one drying device 04; 616; 619 is arranged aligned with each of two impression cylinders 601; 602 of the flexographic printing unit 03; 600.

[0112] Preferably, this at least one drying device 04; 616; 619 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, after at least one printing point 617 of this flexographic printing unit 600, aligned with this impression cylinder 601; 602. For example, this at least one drying device 04; 616 is designed as an intermediate drying device 04; 616 and is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, between two printing points 617, aligned with the respective at least or exactly one impression cylinder 601; 602, which also defines these two printing points 617. In the case of two impression cylinders 601; 602, this preferably applies to each of these two impression cylinders 601; 602.Alternatively or additionally, two printing points 617 directly adjacent to the intermediate drying device 04; 616 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 are preferably assigned to different ones of the two impression cylinders 601; 601. Alternatively or additionally, at least one, in particular further, drying device 04; 619 is preferably arranged aligned with the at least one impression cylinder 601; 602, in particular along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 after at least a second printing point 617 of this flexographic printing unit 600 assigned to this corresponding impression cylinder 601; 602. In the case of two impression cylinders 601; 602, this preferably applies again to each of these two impression cylinders 601; 602. The flexographic printing unit 03; 600 therefore preferably has four drying devices 04; 616; 619.At least one respective intermediate drying device 04; 616 comprises, for example, a plurality of energy-emitting devices arranged one after the other along the transport path provided for sheets 02. These are arranged, for example, in separate housings. This can increase the corresponding drying effect. Nevertheless, these are preferably considered collectively as a respective intermediate drying device 04; 616. The respective at least one drying device 04; 616; 619 is preferably designed as described above and / or below generally for drying devices.

[0113] In the case in which the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 has only one cylinder 601; 602 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 601; 602, that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the impression cylinder 601; 602 on the other hand, preferably extends over an angular range of at least 180°, more preferably at least 200°, even more preferably at least 220°, even more preferably at least 240° and even more preferably at least 250°. This region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the impression cylinder 601; 602 on the other hand, apart from areas of the supply transfer point 613 and / or the discharge transfer point 614, preferably has only a curvature in one direction and / or a constant curvature.In the case in which the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 has two cylinders 601; 602 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 601; 602, that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the respective impression cylinder 601; 602 on the other hand preferably extends on each of these two impression cylinders 601; 602, preferably over an angular range of at least 180°, more preferably at least 225°, even more preferably at least 270°, even more preferably at least 290°, even more preferably at least 300° and even more preferably at least 310°.The entire area of ​​the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02, in which contact is provided between sheet 02 on the one hand and a circumferential surface of any of the two impression cylinders 601; 602 of the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 on the other hand, preferably has an S-shape and / or a change in its direction of curvature, apart from areas of the incoming transfer point 613 and / or the outgoing transfer point 614.

[0114] In the case where the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 has only one cylinder 601; 602 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 601; 602, it is preferably provided for single-sided printing of sheets 02. In the case where the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 has two cylinders 601; 602 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 601; 602, it is preferably provided for double-sided printing of sheets 02.

[0115] The flexographic printing process is a relief printing process. The preceding and / or following statements regarding the flexographic printing unit 03; 600 also apply generally to the relief printing unit 03; 600, unless they contradict each other.

[0116] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed processing machine 01 preferably has at least one sheet-fed processing unit 03; 700 and / or sheet-fed printing unit 03; 700 designed for a screen printing process and / or at least one sheet-fed printing unit 03; 700 is designed for a screen printing process. Such a sheet-fed printing unit 03; 700 is also called a screen printing unit 03; 700. The screen printing process is used, for example, to apply printing ink that has magnetically alignable components, the alignment of which is preferably at least indirectly perceptible by at least one optical effect, for example. The at least one screen printing unit 03; 700 preferably has at least one frame 708; 709, which preferably has at least two frame side walls 708; 709, between which corresponding cylinders 701; 702; 703; 704; 706; 707; 711; 712 are stored.The screen printing unit 03; 700 preferably has at least one main cylinder 701; 702 and / or cylinder 701; 702 of the first type, which is further preferably designed as a respective impression cylinder 701; 702 and / or as a respective sheet transport cylinder 701; 702. For example, the screen printing unit 03; 700 has two cylinders 701; 702 of the first type, which are further preferably designed as a respective impression cylinder 701; 702 and / or as a respective sheet transport cylinder 701; 702 and / or which are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or interacting directly with one another and / or capable of interacting directly with one another.

[0117] Preferably, a respective coating is carried out by means of the screen printing process in order to provide the blanks, in particular securities and / or banknotes, with a printed image which more preferably has optically variable properties. Preferably, a cylinder-shell-shaped screen is used as the printing form in the usual way, which has partly open and partly closed screen spaces and in this way defines a printing form. This respective screen is preferably a component of a respective corresponding screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707. The respective screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 therefore preferably has at least one receiving device by means of which the cylinder-shell-shaped screen can be arranged and / or rotated in at least one desired position. For example, receiving devices are and / or can be arranged at two opposite ends of the cylinder-shell-shaped screen relative to the transverse direction A.For example, at least one adapter is arranged between the respective receiving device and the respective screen. The corresponding printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 preferably has the at least one receiving device, even if no cylinder-jacket-shaped screen is arranged. In particular because, with the at least one receiving device, a part of the respective screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 remains in the respective screen printing unit 03; 700 at all times, this screen printing unit 03; 700 therefore has the corresponding screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 even when the cylinder-jacket-shaped screen is removed. If the components of the printing ink are aligned, this is preferably done by means of at least one magnet or several magnets. The screen printing unit 03; 700 preferably has at least one screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 formed cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type.The respective screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 is preferably supplied with ink in the usual way by feeding the printing ink into the interior of the respective screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 and arranging a doctor blade inside the respective screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707. The printing ink is thereby preferably transferred from the interior of the screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 through the screen directly onto the sheets 02. A respective printing point 717 is preferably defined by each screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 and the impression cylinder 701; 702 that is in direct contact with it and / or interacts directly with it and / or is capable of interacting directly with it.

[0118] The respective screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 is a respective cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 of a third type, in particular according to what has been described above and below. Thus, each respective screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 is preferably arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly with a respective cylinder 701; 702 of the first type, which is in particular designed as an impression cylinder 701; 702. In an alternative or additional development of the screen printing unit 03; 700, a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 is arranged. This is assigned to an impression cylinder 701; 702. A further impression cylinder is then not necessary. In an alternative or additional development of the screen printing unit 03; 700 two screen printing form cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 are arranged.Preferably, these two screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 are assigned to the same impression cylinder 701; 702. A further impression cylinder is then not necessary. Alternatively, each of these two screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 is assigned to a different one of two impression cylinders 701; 702.Preferably, and in particular in this case, the sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has at least two forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, of which at least one forme cylinder 503; 504; 603; 604; 703; 704 is arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first cylinder 501; 601; 701 of the first type, and of which at least one other forme cylinder 506; 507; 606; 607; 706; 707 is arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second cylinder 502; 602; 702 of the first type is arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting relationship, wherein at least one of the forme cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 is designed as a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707. In an alternative or additional development of the screen printing unit 03; 700, three screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 are arranged.Preferably, two of these three screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 are then assigned to the same one of two impression cylinders 701; 702, and the third screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 is assigned to the other of the two impression cylinders 701; 702. In an alternative or additional development of the screen printing unit 03; 700, four screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 are arranged. Preferably, two of these four screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 are then assigned to the same one of two impression cylinders 701; 702, and the other two of the four screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 are assigned to the other of the two impression cylinders 701; 702.

[0119] Preferably, the impression cylinder(s) 701; 702 of the screen printing unit 03; 700 is / are also designed as a sheet transport cylinder 701; 702, particularly regardless of their number. If the screen printing unit 03; 700 has only one cylinder 701; 702 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 701; 702, this impression cylinder 701; 702 is preferably arranged to be in direct contact with, and / or to interact directly with, both a supplying sheet transfer element 711 and a discharged sheet transfer element 712.If the screen printing unit 03; 700 has two cylinders 701; 702 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 701; 702, one of these impression cylinders 701; 702 is preferably arranged so as to be in direct contact with the feeding sheet transfer element 611 and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly, and another of these two impression cylinders 701; 702 is preferably arranged so as to be in direct contact with the discharging sheet transfer element 712 and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly. The feeding sheet transfer element 711 is preferably designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder 711 and / or cylinder 711 of the second type. The discharging sheet transfer element 712 is preferably designed as a discharging sheet transfer cylinder 712 and / or cylinder 712 of the second type.

[0120] Preferably, at least one drying device 04; 716 is arranged aligned with at least one impression cylinder 701; 702 of the respective screen printing unit 700. This at least one drying device 04; 716 is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, after at least one printing point 717 of this screen printing unit 700, aligned with this impression cylinder 701; 702. For example, this at least one drying device 04; 716 is designed as an intermediate drying device 04; 716 and is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, between two printing points 717, aligned with the respective at least or exactly one impression cylinder 701; 702, which also defines these two printing points 717. In the case of two impression cylinders 701; 702, this preferably applies to each of these two impression cylinders 701; 702.Alternatively or additionally, two printing nips 717 directly adjacent to the intermediate drying device 04; 716 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 are preferably assigned to different ones of the two impression cylinders 701; 701. At least one respective intermediate drying device 04; 716 has, for example, several energy release devices arranged one after the other along the transport path provided for sheets 02. These are arranged, for example, in their own housings. This can increase the corresponding drying effect. Nevertheless, these are preferably considered as a whole as a respective intermediate drying device 04; 716. The respective at least one drying device 04; 716; 803; 804 is preferably designed as described above and / or below generally for drying devices.

[0121] In the case in which the screen printing unit 03; 700 has only one cylinder 701; 702 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 701; 702, that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the impression cylinder 701; 702 on the other hand, preferably extends over an angular range of at least 180°, more preferably at least 200°, even more preferably at least 220°, even more preferably at least 240° and even more preferably at least 250°. This region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the impression cylinder 701; 702 on the other hand, apart from areas of the supply transfer point 713 and / or the discharge transfer point 714, preferably has only a curvature in one direction and / or a constant curvature.In the case in which the screen printing unit 03; 700 has two cylinders 701; 702 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 701; 702, that region of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in which contact is provided between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the respective impression cylinder 701; 702 on the other hand preferably extends on each of these two impression cylinders 701; 702, preferably over an angular range of at least 180°, more preferably at least 225°, even more preferably at least 270°, even more preferably at least 290°, even more preferably at least 300° and even more preferably at least 310°.The entire area of ​​the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02, in which contact is provided between sheet 02 on the one hand and a circumferential surface of any of the two impression cylinders 701; 702 of the screen printing unit 03; 700 on the other hand, preferably has an S-shape and / or a change in its direction of curvature, apart from areas of the supplying transfer point 713 and / or the discharged transfer point 714.

[0122] In the case where the screen printing unit 03; 700 has only one cylinder 701; 702 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 701; 702, it is preferably provided for single-sided printing of sheets 02. In the case where the screen printing unit 03; 700 has two cylinders 701; 702 of the first type designed as impression cylinders 701; 702, it is preferably provided for double-sided printing of sheets 02.

[0123] Preferably, at least one alignment device 801 for printing ink is arranged. The at least one alignment device 801 for printing ink preferably serves to specifically align components of printing ink within a printed image relative to one another and / or relative to a sheet 02 carrying this printed image. Preferably, the printing ink to be aligned is therefore already applied to the sheet 02 when it is aligned. Alternatively or additionally, the printing ink can be aligned during its application to the sheet 02 and / or aligned before it is applied to the sheet 02. The at least one alignment device 801 has, for example, at least one alignment magnet. The at least one alignment magnet is, for example, at least one electromagnet and / or at least one permanent magnet. Corresponding components of printing ink designed for this purpose are then aligned by the magnetic field of the at least one alignment magnet.Preferably, an intended alignment pattern is created. Depending on the alignment, the corresponding printing ink preferably reflects other components of the electromagnetic spectrum, in particular depending on the direction. The at least one alignment device 801 is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 after at least one printing point 717 and / or after at least one screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707. Alternatively or additionally, at least one drying device 704; 716; 803; 804 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 after the at least one alignment device 801, in particular for the preliminary and / or final fixing of the alignment.

[0124] In an alternative or additional development, the at least one alignment device 801 is designed as a component of the screen printing unit 700 and / or is arranged in the screen printing unit 700. In an alternative or additional development, at least one transfer unit 300 is simultaneously designed as an alignment unit 800 and / or this alignment unit 800 has the at least one alignment device 801. In particular, the sheet-fed printing press 01 preferably has the at least one alignment device 801 for printing ink, which has at least one alignment magnet. The at least one alignment device 801 is preferably integrated into at least one alignment cylinder 802 and / or arranged aligned with at least one alignment cylinder 802. This alignment cylinder 802 is, for example, a component of the screen printing unit 700, but more preferably a component of the alignment unit 800.The general statements regarding the at least one transfer unit 300 also apply to the transfer unit 300 configured as an alignment unit 800, unless contradictions arise. The at least one alignment cylinder 802 is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 downstream of the at least one impression cylinder 701 of the corresponding screen printing unit 700, more preferably downstream of the outgoing sheet transfer cylinder 712 of this screen printing unit 700, and even more preferably directly downstream of the outgoing sheet transfer cylinder 712 of this screen printing unit 700.

[0125] Preferably, at least one, in particular, further drying device 04; 803 is arranged, which is more preferably arranged aligned with the at least one alignment cylinder 802. For example, this drying device 04; 803 is designed as a first drying device 04; 803 or pre-drying device 04; 803 and is provided for a drying of the printing ink that is not yet final, but serves in particular to ensure that the alignment of the components of the printing ink is not impaired when the respective sheet 02 is pulled off the alignment cylinder 802. Preferably, at least one, in particular, further drying device 04; 804 or final drying device 04; 804 is arranged, which more preferably serves for the final drying of the printing ink with its aligned components.This further drying device 04; 804 or final drying device 04; 804 is arranged, for example, aligned with a further sheet transfer element 806, in particular with a further sheet transfer cylinder 806. This further sheet transfer cylinder 806 is, for example, the next but one sheet transfer cylinder 806 from the alignment cylinder 802 and / or the next sheet transfer cylinder 806 with the same direction of rotation. Then, as little contact as possible between the not yet completely dried printing ink and surfaces is necessary. In an alternative embodiment, the further drying device 04; 803, which is further preferably arranged aligned with the at least one alignment cylinder 802, is already designed as a final drying device 04; 803 and / or serves for the final drying of the corresponding printing ink.

[0126] In an alternative or additional development, the screen printing unit 03; 700 has two impression cylinders 701; 702 and three screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706 or optionally four screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707. Preferably, two of the three or four screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 are arranged so as to be in direct contact with one of the impression cylinders 701; 702 and / or to interact directly and / or to be capable of interacting directly, and the third of the three screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706 or the third and fourth of the four screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707 is connected to the other of the impression cylinders 701; 702 arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting and / or capable of directly interacting.Preferably, three or optionally four drying devices 04; 716 are arranged aligned with the impression cylinders 701; 702, in particular such that one of the three or four drying devices 04; 716 is arranged aligned with the impression cylinders 701; 702 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, immediately after each screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707. The three or four drying devices 04; 716 preferably each have at least one energy-emitting device, in particular designed as a UV radiation source. For example, at least one further drying device 04 is arranged, in particular along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, after the discharge transfer element 712.This at least one further drying device 04 preferably has at least one energy-emitting device, particularly designed as a hot air source, more preferably at least two, and even more preferably at least three. (This is also shown by way of example in . Fig. 3.)

[0127] In an alternative or additional development, two screen printing units 03; 700 are arranged one after the other along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. Each of these two screen printing units 03; 700 has one impression cylinder 701 and two screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704. Preferably, both impression cylinders 701 are each designed as upper impression cylinders 701. Preferably, a drying device 04; 716 is arranged between the two screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704 of the two screen printing units 03; 700, aligned with the respective impression cylinder 701. Preferably, a respective alignment unit 800 with alignment device 801 for printing ink and / or with pre-drying device 04; 803 and / or with final drying device 04; 804 is arranged downstream of each of the two screen printing units 03; 700. (This is also exemplified in Fig. 4a.)

[0128] In an alternative or additional development, two screen printing units 03; 700 are arranged one after the other along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. Each of these two screen printing units 03; 700 has one impression cylinder 702 and two screen printing forme cylinders 706; 706. Preferably, both impression cylinders 702 are each designed as upper impression cylinders 701. Preferably, a drying device 04; 716 is arranged between the two screen printing forme cylinders 706; 707 of the two screen printing units 03; 700, aligned with the respective impression cylinder 702. Preferably, a respective alignment unit 800 with alignment device 801 for printing ink and / or with pre-drying device 04; 803 and / or with final drying device 04; 804 is arranged downstream of each of the two screen printing units 03; 700. (This is also exemplified in Fig. 4b.)

[0129] In an alternative or additional development, two screen printing units 03; 700 are arranged one after the other along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. Each of these two screen printing units 03; 700 has an impression cylinder 701; 02 and two screen printing forme cylinders 703; 704; 706; 707. Preferably, an impression cylinder 701 of the one, in particular first screen printing unit 03; 700 is designed as an upper impression cylinder 701 and an impression cylinder 702 of the other, in particular second screen printing unit 03; 700 is designed as a lower impression cylinder 702. Preferably, a drying device 04; 716 is arranged on the respective impression cylinder 701; 702 aligned.Preferably, after each of the two screen printing units 03; 700, a respective alignment unit 800 with an alignment device 801 for printing ink and / or with a pre-drying device 04; 803 and / or with a final drying device 04; 804 is arranged. (This is also shown as an example in . Fig. 5.)

[0130] The sheet processing machine 01, in particular sheet-fed printing press 01, as described preferably has at least one substrate feed device 100 or sheet feed device 100, in particular designed as a sheet feeder 100. The sheet processing machine 01, as described, preferably has at least one unit 900 designed as a delivery device 90, in particular a sheet delivery unit 900. The sheet processing machine 01, as described, preferably has at least one sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet processing machine 01 has at least two and / or at least three and / or at least four and / or more than four such sheet processing units, in particular sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700. Depending on the design of the sheet processing machine 01, these can work using the same and / or different printing processes.For example, the sheet-fed printing press 01 has a plurality of sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, of which at least one is designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 and / or simultaneous double printing unit 200 and / or of which at least one is designed as a sheet-numbering printing unit 500 and / or letterpress unit 500 and / or of which at least one is designed as a flexographic printing unit 600 and / or letterpress unit 600 and / or of which at least one is designed as a screen printing unit 700. For example, at least one of the sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed as described above and / or below and / or a plurality of the sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 are designed as described above and / or below and / or all sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 are designed as described above and / or below.

[0131] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing press 01 has at least one sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 as described above, and in that the unit length is assigned to the sheet-fed printing press 01. Regardless of the unit length, in an additional or alternative development, in such a sheet-fed printing press 01 with multiple sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, preferably at least two, more preferably at least three, and even more preferably all sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and in particular their frames 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609, 708; 709 have the same dimension relative to the transport direction T.

[0132] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing press 01 has at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, wherein a first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has at least one first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 and / or collecting cylinder 201. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 also has a second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 and / or collecting cylinder 202 designed as an impression cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type, which are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or in direct cooperation and which each have a rotation axis 521; 522; 621; 622; 721;722 and wherein an axis plane E1 is a plane E1 which contains both the rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 of the first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and the rotation axis 217; 522; 622; 722 of the second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type and wherein a reference plane E2 is a plane E2 which contains at least one rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of such a cylinder 201; 202 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and which has a horizontal surface normal and wherein these two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701;702 of the first type are arranged at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation, such that the intersection angle between the axial plane E1 on the one hand and the reference plane E2 on the other hand is at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1°, even more preferably at most 0.5° and even more preferably exactly 0°.;

[0133] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing press 01 has at least one further and / or second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and this second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has at least one first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 and / or collecting cylinder 201, wherein more preferably the first and the second impression cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and the at least one impression cylinder 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the second printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 have the same scope. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has a second impression cylinder 202; 502; 602;702 and / or collecting cylinder 201, which are arranged so as to be in direct contact with one another and / or to interact directly with one another and which each have a rotation axis 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722, and wherein an axis plane E1 is a plane E1 which contains both the rotation axis 216; 521; 621; 721 of the first cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 of the first type and the rotation axis 217; 522; 622; 722 of the second cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702 of the first type, and wherein a reference plane E2 is a plane E2 which contains at least one rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of such a cylinder 201; 202 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first kind and which has a horizontal surface normal and wherein these two cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701;702 of the first type are arranged at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation, such that the intersection angle between the axial plane E1 on the one hand and the reference plane E2 on the other hand is at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1°, even more preferably at most 0.5° and even more preferably exactly 0°. Preferably, the first and second impression cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the second printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 have the same circumference.;

[0134] The designation as first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 or second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 or third sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 serves to differentiate them and preferably does not specify their order within the sheet-fed printing press 01 and / or along the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02.

[0135] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has its own frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709, which has at least two frame side walls 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709 and that the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has its own frame 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709, which has at least two frame side walls 208; 209; 508; 509; 608; 609; 708; 709.

[0136] For example, the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 and / or a simultaneous double printing unit 200 and / or the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed as a sheet-numbering printing unit 500 and / or a letterpress unit 500 and / or the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed as a flexographic printing unit 600 and / or a letterpress unit 600 and / or the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed as a screen printing unit 700 and / or the first sheet-fed printing unit is designed as a sheet-fed gravure printing unit and / or the first sheet-fed printing unit has at least one film applicator. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has at least one forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706;707, which is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first impression cylinder 501; 601; 701 or with the second impression cylinder 502; 602; 702 and which is designed as a numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 or as a flexo forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 or as a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 and / or that the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has at least one forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207, which is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly cooperating with the first impression cylinder 201 or collecting cylinder 201 or with the second impression cylinder 202 or collecting cylinder 202 and which is designed as a planographic printing forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or as a letterset forme cylinder 203; 204; 206;207 is formed. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the first sheet-fed printing unit 200 is designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 and has exactly four forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207, of which exactly two are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first collecting cylinder 201 and of which exactly two others are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second collecting cylinder 202.;

[0137] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that at least one forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is assigned to a different printing process principle than at least one forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700. Assignment to a printing process principle is to be understood in particular as meaning that corresponding forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 are each designed such that they are suitable for the application of this respective printing process.

[0138] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has a first cylinder 501; 601; 701 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 501; 601; 701 and a second cylinder 502; 602; 702 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 502; 602; 702 and / or that the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 designed as sheet transfer cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type, which are each arranged so as to be in direct contact and / or directly interacting with one of the cylinders 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and / or and that the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has four cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 designed as forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704;706; 707 of the third type, of which exactly two are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first impression cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 and of which exactly two others are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second impression cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702.;

[0139] For example, the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 and / or simultaneous double printing unit 200 and / or the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed as a sheet-numbering printing unit 500 and / or letterpress unit 500 and / or the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed as a flexographic printing unit 600 and / or letterpress unit 600 and / or the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600;700 as a screen printing unit 700 and / or the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit is designed as a sheet-fed gravure printing unit and / or the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit has at least one foil applicator. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has at least one forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, which is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first impression cylinder 501; 601; 701 or with the second impression cylinder 502; 602; 702 and which serves as a numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 or as a flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 or as a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 and / or that the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600;700 has at least one forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207, which is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first impression cylinder 201 or collecting cylinder 201 or with the second impression cylinder 202 or collecting cylinder 202 and which is designed as a planographic printing forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 and / or as a letterset forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 200 is designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 and / or has at least one cylinder 201; 202 of the first type designed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202 and / or exactly four forme cylinders 203; 204; 206;207, of which exactly two are arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first collecting cylinder 201 and of which exactly two others are arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second collecting cylinder 202. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has the same circumference as the at least one forme cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or the at least two or at least three or four forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700.;

[0140] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has a first cylinder 501; 601; 701 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 501; 601; 701 and a second cylinder 502; 602; 702 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 502; 602; 702 and / or that the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 designed as sheet transfer cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type, which are each arranged so as to be in direct contact and / or directly interacting with one of the cylinders 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and / or that the at least one second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has four forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706;707 formed cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type, of which exactly two are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the first impression cylinder 201; 501; 601; 701 and of which exactly two others are arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with the second impression cylinder 202; 502; 602; 702.;

[0141] 606; 607 of the third type or at least one cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 of the third type designed as a flexographic forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 or at least one cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type designed as a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably alternatively or additionally characterized in that at least for the respective corresponding impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first or second or further sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 that area of ​​a transport path provided for transporting sheets 02 in which contact occurs between sheets 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the respective impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701;702 on the other hand, extends over an angular range of at least 180°, more preferably at least 225°, even more preferably at least 270°, even more preferably at least 290°, even more preferably at least 300° and even more preferably at least 310°.;

[0142] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the respective circumferences of the cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type of the at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 correspond to twice the unit length and that the respective circumferences of the forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 correspond to the unit length.

[0143] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing press 01 has at least one transfer unit 300, which is designed in particular as described above and / or below and which has at least one sheet transfer element 301, and in that the at least one transfer unit 300 has its own frame 302; 303 and is arranged to be carried by two functional units 03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is further preferably characterized in that one of these two functional units 03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900 is designed as a substrate feed device 100 or as a sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and the other of the two functional units 03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700;900 is designed as a delivery device 900 or as a sheet processing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular a sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or that the transfer unit 300 is simultaneously designed as an inspection unit 400 and / or that at least one sheet transfer element 301; 412; 413 of the transfer unit 300 and / or the inspection unit 400 has at least one gripper system and / or that the inspection unit 400 has at least one reflection inspection device 401; 402 and / or at least one transmission inspection device 403.;

[0144] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the first sheet-fed printing unit 200 is designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 and in that the sheet-fed printing press 01, in addition to the first sheet-fed printing unit 200 designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200, has at least one second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 and in that the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has at least one cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 and in that at least for this impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 the area of ​​a transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02 in which contact is made between sheet 02 on the one hand and the outer surface of the respective impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701;702, on the other hand, extends over an angular range of at least 270° and / or at least 290° and / or at least 300° and / or at least 310° and that the two collecting cylinders 201; 202 of the first printing unit 200 and the at least one impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the second printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 have the same circumference.;

[0145] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that a sheet-fed printing unit 200 is designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 and in that at least one further, for example second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has at least a first and a second impression cylinder 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 and at least one forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 which is connected to the first impression cylinder 501; 601; 701 or to the second impression cylinder 502; 602; 702 is arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting manner and which is designed as a numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 or as a flexo forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 or as a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 and that at least one further, for example third sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 has at least one first and one second impression cylinder 501; 502;601; 602; 701; 702 and at least one forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707, which is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly cooperating with the first impression cylinder 501; 601; 701 or with the second impression cylinder 502; 602; 702 and which is designed as a numbering forme cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 or as a flexo forme cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 or as a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707.

[0146] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing machine 01 is assigned an upper counterpressure height and / or a lower counterpressure height, which is further preferably related to an installation area assigned to the sheet-fed processing machine 01.Preferably, for at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and more preferably at least three sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and even more preferably at least four sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and even more preferably all sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01, each rotation axis 216; 217; 521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722 of cylinders 201, 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type and / or counter-pressure cylinders 201, 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 is arranged at least during a printing operation at the upper counter-pressure height or the lower counter-pressure height.

[0147] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing machine 01 is assigned an upper transfer cylinder height and / or a lower transfer cylinder height, which is further preferably related to an installation area assigned to the sheet-fed processing machine 01.Preferably, for at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and more preferably at least three sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and even more preferably at least four sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and even more preferably all sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01, each rotation axis 219; 221; 528; 529; 628; 629; 728; 729 of sheet transfer cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 and / or cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type is arranged at least during a printing operation at the upper forme cylinder height or the lower forme cylinder height.

[0148] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing machine 01 is assigned an upper forme cylinder height and / or a lower forme cylinder height, which is further preferably related to an installation area assigned to the sheet-fed processing machine 01.Preferably, for at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and more preferably at least three sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and even more preferably at least four sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and even more preferably all sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the sheet-fed printing press 01, each rotation axis 222; 223; 224; 226; 523; 524; 526; 527; 623; 624; 626; 627; 723; 724; 726; 727 of forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 and / or cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the third type is arranged at least during a printing operation at the upper forme cylinder height or the lower forme cylinder height.

[0149] Sheet transfer elements 211; 212; 301; 412; 413; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712; 806 are shown in the figures as sheet transfer cylinders 211; 212; 301; 412; 413; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712; 806. However, at least one sheet transfer element 211; 212; 301; 412; 413; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712; 806 is alternatively shown as another sheet transfer element 211; 212; 301; 412; 413; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712; 806, for example, a chain gripper system or other system that supports at least one gripper system. For example, a system that supports two gripper systems arranged to rotate about a common rotation axis can also be considered as two sheet transfer elements.

[0150] When reference is made in the foregoing and / or following to rotation axes 216; 217; 219; 221; 222; 223; 224; 226; 521; 522; 523; 524; 526; 527; 528; 529; 621; 622; 623; 624; 626; 627; 628; 629; 721; 722; 723; 724; 726; 727; 728; 729, this particularly refers to axes in the mathematical sense.

[0151] Unless contradictions arise, in at least one alternative embodiment the respective sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 is designed as a web printing unit and / or the printing press is designed as a web-fed printing press.

[0152] The described design of the sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 allows a sheet-fed printing press 01 adapted to specific requirements to be manufactured easily and at relatively low cost. Such a sheet-fed printing press 01 preferably has, as described, at least one sheet feed device 100 and at least one delivery device 900, in particular a sheet delivery unit 900 and / or a multiple stack delivery unit 900. Such a sheet-fed printing press 01 has at least one, for example, one or two or three, four or five or six or even more sheet-fed printing units, which are designed as described, for example, as a simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit 200 and / or simultaneous double-fed printing unit 200 or as a sheet numbering printing unit 500 or as a letterpress unit 500 or as a flexographic printing unit 600 or letterpress unit 600 or as a screen printing unit 700.

[0153] An embodiment of such a printing press 01 is a sheet-fed printing press 01 with a sheet feed device 100, a simultaneous sheet printing unit 200, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8a.)

[0154] An embodiment of such a printing press 01 is a sheet-fed printing press 01 with a sheet feed device 100, a sheet-fed printing unit 03; 500; 600; 700 designed as a sheet numbering printing unit 500 or as a flexographic printing unit 600 or as a screen printing unit 700, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8b.)

[0155] An embodiment of such a printing press 01 is a sheet-fed printing press 01 with a sheet feed device 100, two simultaneous sheet printing units 200, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8c.) In one embodiment of the sheet processing machine 01, the sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one substrate feed device 100 and at least two sheet processing units 03; 200 designed as simultaneous sheet printing units 03; 200 and at least one delivery device 900. Between the substrate feed device 100 and a first simultaneous sheet printing unit 03; 200, a transfer unit 300 designed as an inspection unit 400 is preferably arranged, which has at least one inspection device 403 designed as a transmission inspection device 403. Between the two simultaneous sheet printing units 03; 200, a transfer unit 300 is preferably arranged, which has at least one drying device 04.Between the last sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 03; 200 and the delivery device 900, a transfer unit 300 designed as an inspection unit 400 is preferably arranged, which has at least two inspection devices 401; 402 designed as reflection inspection devices 401; 402 and at least one drying device 04. (This is also shown as an example in . Fig. 1.)

[0156] An embodiment of such a printing press 01 is a sheet-fed printing press 01 with a sheet feed device 100, a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200, a sheet-fed printing unit designed as a sheet numbering printing unit 500 or as a flexographic printing unit 600 or as a screen printing unit 700, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8d.)

[0157] An embodiment of such a printing machine 01 is a sheet feeding device 100, two sheet-fed printing units each designed as a sheet numbering printing unit 500 or as a flexographic printing unit 600 or as a screen printing unit 700, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8e.) In one embodiment of the sheet processing machine 01, the sheet processing machine 01 preferably has at least one substrate feed device 100 and at least one sheet processing unit 03; 500 designed as a sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 and at least one sheet processing unit 03; 600 designed as a flexographic printing unit 03; 600 and at least one delivery device 900. Between the substrate feed device 100 and the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500, a transfer unit 300 designed as an inspection unit 400 is preferably arranged, which has at least two inspection devices 401; 402 designed as reflection inspection devices 401; 402 and at least one inspection device 403 designed as transmission inspection device 403.Between the sheet numbering printing unit 03; 500 and the flexographic printing unit 03; 600, a transfer unit 300 designed as an inspection unit 400 is preferably arranged, which has at least one drying device 04 and at least two inspection devices 401; 402 designed as reflection inspection devices 401; 402 and at least one inspection device 403 designed as transmission inspection device 403. The delivery device 900 is arranged, for example, directly after the flexographic printing unit 03; 600. (This is also shown as an example in . Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b.)

[0158] An embodiment of such a printing press 01 is a sheet-fed printing press 01 with a sheet feed device 100, three simultaneous sheet printing units 200, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8f.)

[0159] An embodiment of such a printing press 01 is a sheet-fed printing press 01 with a sheet feed device 100, two simultaneous sheet-fed printing units 200, a sheet-fed printing unit designed as a sheet numbering printing unit 500 or as a flexographic printing unit 600 or as a screen printing unit 700, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8g.)

[0160] An embodiment of such a printing press 01 is a sheet-fed printing press 01 with a sheet feed device 100, a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200, two sheet-fed printing units each designed as a sheet numbering printing unit 500 or as a flexographic printing unit 600 or as a screen printing unit 700, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8h shown.)

[0161] An embodiment of such a printing press 01 is a sheet-fed printing press 01 with a sheet feed device 100, two simultaneous sheet-fed printing units 200, two sheet-fed printing units each designed as a sheet numbering printing unit 500 or as a flexographic printing unit 600 or as a screen printing unit 700, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8i.)

[0162] An embodiment of such a printing press 01 is a sheet-fed printing press 01 with a sheet feed device 100, three simultaneous sheet-fed printing units 200, two sheet-fed printing units each designed as a sheet numbering printing unit 500 or as a flexographic printing unit 600 or as a screen printing unit 700, a delivery device 900 and corresponding transfer units 300; 400. (This is also shown as an example in Fig. 8j.)

[0163] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing press 01 has at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700, wherein the first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has at least one cylinder 701; 702 of the first type designed as an impression cylinder 701; 702 and at least one cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 designed as a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707, which is connected to the impression cylinder 701; 702 of this first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 700 is arranged in direct contact and / or in particular in direct interaction, and wherein the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 of the at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 has at least one cylinder 701; 702, in particular another cylinder 701; 702, which is designed as an impression cylinder 701; 702.702 of the first type and at least one cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 designed as a screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707, which is arranged in direct contact with and / or in particular directly interacting with the impression cylinder 701; 702 of this second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 700. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that along the transport path provided for transporting sheets 02, after the at least one screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 of this first sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and before the at least one screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 of this second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600;700 at least one first alignment device 801 for printing ink is arranged and that along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 after the at least one first alignment device 801 and before the at least one screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 of the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 at least one first drying device 04; 716; 803; 804 is arranged. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 after the at least one screen printing forme cylinder 703; 704; 706; 707 of the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 and in particular after the at least one first drying device 04; 716; 803;804, at least one further alignment device 801 for printing ink is arranged, and that along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, after the at least one further alignment device 801, at least one further drying device 04; 716; 803; 804 is arranged. This at least one further alignment device 801 for printing ink and / or this at least one further drying device 04; 716; 803; 804 is preferably assigned to the second sheet-fed printing unit 03; 200; 500; 600; 700.

[0164] In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet-fed printing press 01 has at least one transfer unit 300, which has at least one sheet transfer element 301, and in that the at least one transfer unit 300 has its own frame 302; 303 and is arranged to be supported by the at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900. In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one transfer unit 300 is simultaneously designed as an alignment unit 800 and has at least one first alignment device 801 and / or in that the at least one transfer unit 300 has at least one first drying device 04; 716; 803; 804.In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one first alignment device 801 for printing ink has at least one alignment magnet and / or that the at least one further alignment device 801 for printing ink has at least one alignment magnet.In an additional or alternative development, the sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that a unit length is assigned to the sheet-fed printing press 01 and that respective circumferences of the cylinders 201; 202; 501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702 of the first type of the at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 correspond to twice the unit length and / or respective circumferences of the forme cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207; 503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707 of the at least two sheet-fed printing units 03; 200; 500; 600; 700 correspond to the unit length and / or respective circumferences of the two cylinders 211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712 of the second type correspond to the unit length. List of reference symbols 01 Sheet processing machine, sheet-fed printing machine, security printing machine, sheet-fed rotary offset printing machine, sheet-fed rotary letterpress printing machine, sheet-fed rotary flexographic printing machine, sheet-fed rotary letterpress printing machine, sheet-fed numbering machine, sheet-fed inspection machine, sheet-fed rotary screen printing machine, sheet-fed simultaneous printing machine 02 Bow 03 Sheet processing unit, sheet-fed printing unit, sheet coating unit, sheet varnishing unit, simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit; simultaneous double-fed printing unit, sheet-fed collective printing unit 04 Drying device 100 Substrate feeder, sheet feeder, sheet feeder 101 Belt table, conveyor line 200 Sheet processing unit, sheet-fed printing unit, simultaneous sheet-fed printing unit, simultaneous double-sided printing unit, sheet-fed collective printing unit 201 cylinders, main cylinder, collecting cylinder, transfer cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet transport cylinder 202 cylinders, main cylinder, collecting cylinder, transfer cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet transport cylinder 203 cylinders, forme cylinders, planographic printing forme cylinders, letterset forme cylinders 204 cylinders, forme cylinders, planographic printing forme cylinders, letterset forme cylinders 205 - 206 cylinders, forme cylinders, planographic printing forme cylinders, letterset forme cylinders 207 cylinders, forme cylinders, planographic printing forme cylinders, letterset forme cylinders 208 frame, frame side wall 209 frame, frame side wall 210 - 211 Sheet transfer element, cylinder, sheet transfer cylinder, feeding 212 Sheet transfer element, cylinder, sheet transfer cylinder, discharge 213 Transfer office, supplying 214 Transfer point, laxative 215 - 216 Rotation axis (201), axis position 217 Rotation axis (202), axis position 218 pressure point 219 Rotation axis (211), axis position 220 - 221 Rotation axis (212), axis position 222 Rotation axis (203), axis position 223 Rotation axis (204), axis position 224 Rotation axis (206), axis position 225 - 226 Rotation axis (207), axis position 227 inking unit 228 collection point 229 Drying device 230 - 231 ink supply, ink box 232 Cleaning device 233 Mold feeding device, plate feeding device 300 transfer units 301 sheet transfer element, sheet transfer cylinder 302 frame, frame side wall 303 frame, frame side wall 400 Inspection unit, transfer unit 401 Inspection facility 402 Inspection facility 403 Inspection facility 404 Sensor, Line Scan Camera 405 - 406 Sensor, Line Scan Camera 407 lighting devices 408 lighting devices 409 Sensor, Line Scan Camera 410 - 411 Lighting 412 sheet transfer element, sheet transfer cylinder 413 sheet transfer element, sheet transfer cylinder 500 sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, sheet numbering printing unit, letterpress unit 501 cylinder, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet transport cylinder 502 cylinders, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet transport cylinder 503 cylinder, forme cylinder, offset printing forme cylinder, numbering forme cylinder, relief printing forme cylinder 504 cylinder, forme cylinder, offset printing forme cylinder, numbering forme cylinder, letterpress forme cylinder 505 - 506 cylinder, forme cylinder, offset printing forme cylinder, numbering forme cylinder, letterpress forme cylinder 507 cylinder, forme cylinder, offset printing forme cylinder, numbering forme cylinder, relief printing forme cylinder 508 frame, frame side wall 509 frame, frame side wall 510 - 511 Sheet transfer element, cylinder, sheet transfer cylinder, feeding 512 Sheet transfer element, cylinder, sheet transfer cylinder, discharge 513 Transfer office, supplying 514 Transfer point, laxative 515 - 516 Drying device 517 pressure point 518 inking unit 519 - 520 - 521 Rotation axis (501), axis position 522 Rotation axis (502), axis position 523 Rotation axis (503), axis position 524 Rotation axis (504), axis position 525 - 526 Rotation axis (506), axis position 527 Rotation axis (507), axis position 528 Rotation axis (511); axis position 529 Rotation axis (512); axis position 530 - 531 ink supply, ink box 600 sheet processing unit, sheet-fed printing unit, flexo printing unit, letterpress unit 601 cylinder, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet transport cylinder 602 cylinders, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet transport cylinder 603 cylinders, forme cylinders, flexo forme cylinders 604 cylinders, forme cylinders, flexo forme cylinders 605 - 606 cylinders, forme cylinders, flexo forme cylinders 607 cylinders, forme cylinders, flexo forme cylinders 608 frame, frame side wall 609 frame, frame side wall 610 - 611 Sheet transfer element, cylinder, sheet transfer cylinder, feeding 612 Sheet transfer element, cylinder, sheet transfer cylinder, discharge 613 Transfer point, supplying 614 Transfer point, laxative 615 - 616 Drying device, intermediate drying device 617 pressure point 618 inking unit 619 Drying device 620 - 621 Rotation axis (601), axis position 622 Rotation axis (602), axis position 623 Rotation axis (603), axis position 624 Rotation axis (604), axis position 625 - 626 Rotation axis (606), axis position 627 Rotation axis (607), axis position 628 Rotation axis (611); axis position 629 Rotation axis (612); axis position 700 sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, screen printing unit 701 cylinder, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet transport cylinder 702 cylinder, main cylinder, impression cylinder, sheet transport cylinder 703 cylinders, forme cylinders, screen printing forme cylinders 704 cylinders, forme cylinders, screen printing forme cylinders 705 - 706 cylinders, forme cylinders, screen printing forme cylinders 707 cylinder, forme cylinder, screen printing forme cylinder 708 frame, frame side wall 709 frame, frame side wall 710 - 711 Sheet transfer element, cylinder, sheet transfer cylinder, feeding 712 Sheet transfer element, cylinder, sheet transfer cylinder, discharge 713 Transfer point, supplying 714 Transfer point, laxative 715 - 716 Drying device, intermediate drying device 717 pressure point 718 - 719 - 720 - 721 Rotation axis (701), axis position 722 Rotation axis (702), axis position 723 Rotation axis (703), axis position 724 Rotation axis (704), axis position 725 - 726 Rotation axis (706), axis position 727 Rotation axis (707), axis position 728 Rotation axis (711); axis position 729 Rotation axis (712); axis position 800 alignment unit, transfer unit 801 alignment device 802 alignment cylinder 803 Drying device, pre-drying device, first, final drying device 804 Drying device, final drying device 805 - 806 sheet transfer element; Sheet transfer cylinder 900 unit, delivery device, sheet delivery, multi-pile delivery, double-pile delivery, triple-pile delivery 901 Delivery station, stacking delivery 902 Delivery station, stacking delivery 903 Delivery station, stacking delivery 904 sheet conveyor system, chain conveyor system A transverse direction T Transport direction V direction, vertical E1 plane, axial plane E2 level, reference level E3 level, comparison level S1 section plane, vertical, first S2 section plane, vertical, second S3 supply cutting plane T1 Tangent plane, first T2 Tangent plane, outer T3 Tangent plane, outer

Claims

[1] Sheet-fed printing unit (03; 500; 600; 700), wherein the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 500; 600; 700) has a first cylinder (501; 601; 701) of the first type designed as an impression cylinder (501; 601; 701) and a second cylinder (502; 602; 702) of the first type designed as an impression cylinder (502; 602; 702), which are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or in direct cooperation with one another and which each have an axis of rotation (521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722), and wherein an axis plane (E1) is a plane (E1) which contains both the axis of rotation (521; 621; 721) of the first cylinder (501; 601; 701) of the first type as well as the rotation axis (522; 622; 722) of the second cylinder (502; 602; 702) of the first type, and wherein a reference plane (E2) is a plane (E2) which contains at least one rotation axis (521; 522; 621; 622; 721; 722) of such a cylinder (501; 502; 601; 602; 701;702) of the first type and which has a horizontal surface normal, and wherein these two cylinders (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) of the first type are arranged at least during a machining operation such that the intersection angle between the axial plane (E1) on the one hand and the reference plane (E2) on the other hand is at most 30°, and wherein the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 500; 600; 700) has at least two forme cylinders (503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707), of which at least one forme cylinder (503; 504; 603; 604; 703; 704) is connected to the first cylinder (501; 601; 701) of the first type is arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting manner and of which at least one other forme cylinder (506; 507; 606; 607; 706; 707) is arranged in direct contact and / or directly interacting manner with the second cylinder (502; 602; 702) of the first type and wherein at least one of the forme cylinders (503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706;707) is designed as a flexographic forme cylinder (603; 604; 606; 607) and wherein the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) is assigned a unit length and wherein respective circumferences of the two cylinders (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) of the first type correspond to twice the unit length and wherein respective circumferences of the at least two forme cylinders (503; 504; 506; 507; 603; 604; 606; 607; 703; 704; 706; 707) correspond to the unit length. [2] Sheet-fed printing unit according to claim 1, characterized by that these two cylinders (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) of the first type are arranged, at least during a machining operation, such that the intersection angle between the axial plane (E1) on the one hand and the reference plane (E2) on the other hand is at most 15° and / or at most 10° and / or at most 5° and / or at most 2° and / or at most 1° and / or at most 0.5° and / or exactly 0°. [3] Sheet-fed printing unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized bythat on each of these two impression cylinders (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) that region of a transport path provided for transporting sheets (02) in which contact is provided between sheets (02) on the one hand and the outer surface of the respective impression cylinder (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) on the other hand extends over an angular range of at least 270° and / or at least 290° and / or at least 300° and / or at least 310°. [4] Sheet-fed printing unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized bythat at least one drying device (04; 616; 619) is arranged aligned with at least one impression cylinder (601; 602) of the printing unit (03; 600) and / or that at least one drying device (04; 616) is designed as an intermediate drying device (04; 616) and is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets (02) between two printing points (617) aligned with the respective impression cylinder (601; 602), which also defines these two printing points (617). [5] Sheet-fed printing unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized by that at least one inking unit (618) is arranged per flexographic forme cylinder (603; 604; 606; 607) and that the respective inking unit (618) has at least one ink supply which is designed as a respective chambered doctor blade and that the respective inking unit (618) has at least one doctor blade chamber and at least one working doctor blade. [6] Sheet-fed printing unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized bythat the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) has exactly two cylinders (511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712) of the second type designed as sheet transfer cylinders (511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712), which are each arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with one of the two cylinders (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) of the first type and / or that the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) has exactly two cylinders (511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712) designed as sheet transfer cylinders (511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 612; 711; 712) of the second type, which are each arranged in direct contact with and / or directly interacting with one of the two cylinders (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) of the first type, and at least one of the two cylinders (511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712) of the second type is designed as a feeding sheet transfer cylinder (511; 611; 711) and has a feeding transfer point (513; 613;713) and at least one of the two cylinders (511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712) of the second type is designed as a discharge sheet transfer cylinder (512; 612; 712) and forms a discharge transfer point (514; 614; 714) with a cylinder (501; 502; 601; 602; 701; 702) of the first type. [7] Sheet-fed printing unit according to claim 6, characterized by that respective circumferences of the cylinders (211; 212; 511; 512; 611; 612; 711; 712) of the second kind correspond to the unit length. [8] Sheet-fed printing unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, characterized by that the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) has at least two flexographic forme cylinders (603; 604; 606; 607) and / or that the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) has at least three flexographic forme cylinders (603; 604; 606; 607) and / or that the sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) has four flexographic forme cylinders (603; 604; 606; 607). [9] Sheet-fed printing press (01), characterized bythat the sheet-fed printing press (01) has at least one sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 and that the sheet-fed printing press (01) has at least one further sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) which is designed according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 and / or the sheet-fed printing press (01) has at least one further sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700) which is designed as a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit (200). [10] Sheet-fed printing machine according to claim 9, characterized by that the sheet-fed printing press (01) has at least one transfer unit (300) which has at least one sheet transfer element (301) and that the at least one transfer unit (300) has its own frame (302; 303) and / or is arranged to be carried by two functional units (03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900). [11] Sheet-fed printing machine according to claim 10, characterized bythat one of the two functional units (03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900) is designed as a substrate feed device (100) or as a sheet processing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700), in particular a sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700), and the other of the two functional units (03; 100; 200; 500; 600; 700; 900) is designed as a delivery device (900) or as a sheet processing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700), in particular a sheet-fed printing unit (03; 200; 500; 600; 700), and / or that the transfer unit (300) is simultaneously designed as an inspection unit (400) is designed and / or that at least one sheet transfer element (301; 412; 413) of the transfer unit (300) and / or the inspection unit (400) has at least one gripper system and / or that the inspection unit (400) has at least one reflection inspection device (401; 402) and / or at least one transmission inspection device (403).

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