Mobile crane with a detachable superstructure and assembly procedure for this purpose

Abstract

Mobile crane (1) with a superstructure (3) rotatably mounted on a chassis (2) and having a telescopic main boom (4), wherein the superstructure (3) consists of a base superstructure (6) and an attachment superstructure (8) detachably arranged thereon, and the attachment superstructure (8) accommodates at least one main counterweight (9a, 9b), characterized in that at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) acting as a pendulum support is attached to the attachment superstructure (8), the rear end (15ah, 15bh) of which is suspended via a tensioning device (14a, 14b), and an auxiliary counterweight (10a, 10b) is suspended at the rear end (15ah, 15bh) of the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a mobile crane with an upper carriage rotatably mounted on an undercarriage and having a telescopic main boom. The upper carriage consists of a base superstructure and a detachably mounted superstructure, and the superstructure accommodates at least one main counterweight. The invention also relates to a method for equipping such a mobile crane.

[0002] European Patent Application EP 0 779 235 A2 discloses a mobile crane comprising an undercarriage with crawler tracks or wheels and an uppercarriage pivotally mounted on the undercarriage with a telescopic main boom. A short lattice mast is bolted to a rear end of the uppercarriage in the manner of a guy frame. This short lattice mast, among other things, accommodates hoisting and luffing mechanisms normally located in the uppercarriage. The hoisting and luffing mechanisms, thus relocated to the rear, are intended to contribute to increasing the counterweight. The short lattice mast can be bolted to the uppercarriage in a horizontal or rearwardly rising orientation. Furthermore, the short lattice mast consists of a base mast bolted to the uppercarriage with a suspended main weight and an auxiliary mast pivotably mounted on the base mast with another suspended secondary counterweight. The hoisting and luffing mechanisms are arranged in the base mast.By means of the pivoting auxiliary mast, the secondary counterweight can be lifted from a rest position on a floor to an operating position on the floor.

[0003] German patent application DE 38 38 975 A1 discloses another mobile crane with an undercarriage, an uppercarriage, a telescopic main boom, and a counterweight. The counterweight is not part of the uppercarriage but consists of a counterweight support with counterweight plates and is suspended by means of a suspension rod. The suspension rod, in turn, is suspended from a mast arranged on the uppercarriage in a manner similar to a guying trestle. In addition, the counterweight support is guided at a distance from and on the uppercarriage via a horizontal guide rod. The mast, the suspension rod, and the guide rod are each telescopic in order to increase or decrease the distance of the counterweight from the uppercarriage and thus the associated counterweight moment as needed.To move the mobile crane, the mast, suspension rod, and guide rod are telescoped in, the mast is folded in, and the mast, suspension rod, guide rod, and counterweight support are placed on the undercarriage. The counterweight support, which can be transported on the undercarriage, can be loaded in the usual way for mobile crane operation with individual counterweight plates, which can be transported separately to the site.

[0004] Furthermore, German patent application DE 10 2015 006 439 A1 discloses a mobile crane with a counterweight assembly that can be attached to a superstructure and transported separately to the site. The counterweight assembly comprises a base frame that can be separated from the superstructure, a winch, and two opposing pivot arms, each with a counterweight stack, hinged to the base frame. The pivot arms can each be pivoted about a vertical bearing relative to the base frame in order to move the counterweight stacks in a horizontal plane to change the counterweight radius and / or the pivot radius of the superstructure. For mounting the counterweight assembly on the superstructure, ballasting cylinders are arranged on the counterweight assembly. With the aid of these ballasting cylinders, a counterweight assembly placed on an undercarriage of the mobile crane can be lifted for coupling to the superstructure.

[0005] Furthermore, another mobile crane with an upper carriage is known from German patent application DE 29 17 829 A1. The upper carriage accommodates a counterweight in a conventional manner. A pendulum support extending rearward and pivoting about a horizontal axis is also pivoted to the upper carriage. The free end of the support is suspended upwards via guying devices from a telescopic boom of the mobile crane. An additional counterweight is also suspended from the free end of the pendulum support.

[0006] The invention is based on the object of creating a mobile crane and a method for equipping a mobile crane with which a more flexible adaptation to operating conditions is possible.

[0007] This object is achieved by a mobile crane having the features of claim 1 and by a method for equipping this mobile crane having the features of claim 19. Advantageous embodiments of the mobile crane are specified in claims 2 to 18 and of the method in claims 20 to 22.

[0008] According to the invention, in a mobile crane with an uppercarriage pivotally mounted on an undercarriage and having a telescopic main boom, wherein the uppercarriage consists of a base superstructure and an add-on superstructure detachably arranged thereon and the add-on superstructure accommodates at least one main counterweight, more flexible adaptation to operating conditions is achieved in that at least one auxiliary support acting as a pendulum support is attached to the add-on superstructure, the rear end of which is suspended via a guying device, in particular on the main boom and / or on a jib and / or on an adapter on a main boom head, and an auxiliary counterweight is suspended from the rear end of the at least one auxiliary support. The pendulum support is usually connected to the add-on superstructure via a joint, so that only compressive forces and no bending forces are introduced into the add-on superstructure.The central advantage of the present invention lies in the modular design of the mobile crane, which provides the desired more flexible adaptation to the operating conditions of the mobile crane. The superstructure, which can be detached from the base superstructure and contains the main counterweight, as well as the at least one auxiliary support, can thus be flexibly transported between the respective locations of the mobile crane, either together with or separately from the superstructure. This ensures that the mobile crane can be moved on public roads between locations in a roadworthy condition, with components such as the superstructure, the main counterweight, and the at least one auxiliary support removed, in compliance with associated and local regulations such as maximum axle load and permissible total weight.By using at least one auxiliary support and the flying auxiliary counterweight, the counterweight moment can be adjusted to suit the operating conditions of the mobile crane over a wider range. This configuration of the mobile crane with a flying auxiliary counterweight is particularly suitable for main booms with an extended total length of approximately 35 m. By using the flying auxiliary counterweight with a larger counterweight radius, the required total counterweight can be reduced accordingly.

[0009] From a design perspective, it is particularly advantageous that at least one auxiliary support is attached to the superstructure in an articulated manner. This allows the effective weight moment of the auxiliary counterweight and the rear outreach of the mobile crane to be easily adapted to the operating conditions by pivoting the auxiliary support in the horizontal and / or vertical direction. The articulated arrangement also enables passive lowering of the counterweight when the crane or guying equipment is relieved, thus preventing tipping backwards. A crane system that is braced towards the front, in particular consisting of the main boom, guying equipment, counterweights, auxiliary supports, hoist rope and load, will deform backwards when the load is lowered and a counterweight close to the ground will be deposited on the ground. The articulated auxiliary support relieves the rear guying, in particular the auxiliary supports and guying equipment, due to the passive pivoting capability it enables.

[0010] It is advantageous that the at least one auxiliary support can be pivoted through an angle of 40 degrees to 130 degrees. This angular range is measured between a vertical line passing through the joint with a horizontal pivot axis and a longitudinal axis of the at least one auxiliary support. The angle values ​​increase as the at least one auxiliary support pivots downward toward the ground. An auxiliary support erected parallel to the vertical line has a pivot angle of 0 degrees.

[0011] The setup process is facilitated by the fact that the auxiliary support is attached to the superstructure in such a way that it can be placed on the ground or the undercarriage. The guy ropes are not yet attached or tensioned.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one auxiliary support is at least 3 m long.

[0013] It is particularly advantageous that a first and a second auxiliary support, each with an auxiliary counterweight, extend rearward from the superstructure. At least the rear ends of the auxiliary supports are laterally spaced apart and arranged opposite one another with respect to the longitudinal direction of the superstructure. Guying devices assigned to the auxiliary counterweights can thus be routed without crossing to any luffing ropes of a luffing auxiliary boom, which are usually arranged in the longitudinal direction of the superstructure.

[0014] It is also advantageously provided that the at least one auxiliary support is designed as a lateral superlift arm and can thus be used in conjunction with a different configuration of the mobile crane not as an auxiliary support but as a lateral superlift arm. For longer main booms with a length of more than 35 m, the auxiliary supports are used as lateral superlift arms and are attached to the base box of the main boom in the usual way.

[0015] It is particularly advantageous that the at least one auxiliary support is divided into a start section and an end section, which are connected to each other by hinges so that they can be folded around a horizontal folding axis. This allows the desired counterweight moment from the auxiliary counterweights to be adjusted even more flexibly to the operating conditions of the mobile crane over a wider range.

[0016] Simplified assembly and disassembly of the superstructure can be achieved by raising the superstructure from a setup position on the undercarriage to an attachment position next to the base superstructure and by releasably coupling the superstructure to the base superstructure in the attachment position.

[0017] It is particularly advantageous for this purpose that at least one setup cylinder is arranged on the superstructure, via which the superstructure can be lifted from the setup position into the attachment position.

[0018] As is known from a conventional superstructure, at least one main counterweight is stationary relative to the base superstructure during operation of the mobile crane. The term "stationary" excludes the setting of the main counterweight, which typically involves stacking counterweight plates.

[0019] In a structurally advantageous embodiment, a first and a second main counterweight are provided, which are arranged opposite one another and spaced apart from one another in relation to a longitudinal direction of the superstructure. This simultaneously achieves a high counterweight and also provides space for additional components on the superstructure.

[0020] A shift of components and thus of weight from the base superstructure to the add-on superstructure can be achieved by arranging at least one hoist and / or winch on the add-on superstructure.

[0021] Simplified installation of the auxiliary support on the mobile crane is achieved by placing at least one auxiliary support in a setup position on or at the undercarriage and coupling it to the superstructure. For this purpose, a support is advantageously arranged on the undercarriage, on which the at least one auxiliary support rests in the setup position. This support can also be used to lay down the main boom. Alternatively, the auxiliary support or supports can be attached directly to the superstructure from a setup frame or a low-loader. A setup frame can either stand on the ground or, for better alignment of the parts and depending on the swivel position of the superstructure on the undercarriage, be connected to a front or rear support beam, and possibly a front or rear frame of the undercarriage.

[0022] In order to allow flexible adjustment of the total weight of the mobile crane that can be driven on public roads, the basic superstructure is designed to be counterweight-free.

[0023] Typically, a mobile crane that can be moved on public roads advantageously has an undercarriage with wheels for road travel.

[0024] It is particularly advantageous that the rear end of the at least one auxiliary support is suspended via the guying means from the main boom and / or from a jib and / or from an adapter on a main boom head. Preferably, the guying means are connected to only one of the aforementioned attachment points.

[0025] According to the invention, such mobile cranes can be flexibly equipped in various configurations. The method according to the invention for equipping the above-described mobile crane involves constructing a mobile crane with a flying auxiliary counterweight. This method comprises the following steps: - Placing at least one auxiliary support in a setup position on the undercarriage, - Attaching at least one auxiliary support to the superstructure, - guying a rear end of the at least one auxiliary support via guying means to a main boom head and / or to an adapter adjacent thereto or to an auxiliary boom, lattice part, - Suspending an auxiliary counterweight at the rear end of at least one auxiliary support.

[0026] Using at least one auxiliary support and the floating auxiliary counterweight, the counterweight moment can be adjusted to a wider range depending on the operating conditions of the mobile crane. In this context, the lattice components, such as an adapter on the main boom head, are subsequently assigned to the main boom. Alternatively, the at least one auxiliary support can also be placed on the ground or on a transport vehicle or an auxiliary frame in the setup position.

[0027] It is particularly advantageous that, before the at least one auxiliary support is placed in a setup position on the undercarriage, the add-on superstructure is placed in a setup position on the undercarriage, the add-on superstructure is lifted with at least one setup cylinder from its setup position into an attachment position next to the base superstructure, and the add-on superstructure is attached to the base superstructure.

[0028] It is particularly advantageous that the at least one auxiliary support is attached to the superstructure in its setup position or in its attachment position.

[0029] Advantageously, an auxiliary crane for setup can be dispensed with, since the mobile crane to be setup itself places the superstructure and / or the main counterweight and / or the auxiliary support for the setup process onto the superstructure.

[0030] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to several figures. They show: Fig. 1 a schematic, perspective view of a mobile crane according to the invention in a first configuration with two main counterweights and two auxiliary counterweights, Fig. 2 a side view of Fig. 1 from the area of ​​the upper and lower carriage in a first set-up state, Fig. 3 a side view of Fig. 2 in a second setup state, Fig. 4 a side view of Fig. 2 in a third state of readiness and Fig. 5 a side view corresponding Fig. 4 with auxiliary booms in an alternative design.

[0031] The Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic, perspective view of a mobile crane 1 according to the invention, which comprises an undercarriage 2 with a cabin 7 for the driver and a superstructure 3 with a main boom 4 that can be erected and telescopically by means of a hydraulic luffing cylinder 12. The superstructure 3 is mounted on the undercarriage 2 via a slewing ring 5 (see Fig. 2) around a vertical axis of rotation 3z (see Fig. 2) pivotally mounted. The vertical axis of rotation 3z is aligned in the z-direction of an imaginary Cartesian coordinate system.

[0032] Furthermore, the superstructure 3 is divided into a front base superstructure 6, located relative to the rotation axis 3z, and a rear superstructure 8. The base superstructure 6 is supported on the undercarriage 2 via the slewing ring 5, carries the main boom 4 via a horizontal luffing axis 4y, and the superstructure 8, which can be detachably connected to the base superstructure 6. The horizontal luffing axis 4y is aligned in the y-direction of an imaginary Cartesian coordinate system. The base superstructure 6 is essentially characterized by the fact that it contains neither a counterweight nor a hoist or luffing mechanism, i.e., it is counterweight-free, hoist-free, and luffing mechanism-free. These components are each part of the add-on superstructure 8. Since the add-on superstructure 8 is detachably connected to the base superstructure 6, it can be transported separately from the mobile crane 1 between the respective locations of use of the mobile crane 1.This ensures that the mobile crane 1 can be moved between the work sites on public roads in a road driving condition that is lightened by components such as the superstructure 8, in compliance with the associated regulations such as the maximum axle load and the permissible total weight.

[0033] In the Fig. 1, the mobile crane 1 is equipped in a first configuration with a telescopic main boom 4, two main counterweights 9a, 9b, two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b, and a luffing auxiliary boom 11. A configuration with only one main counterweight 9a, 9b and one or two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b is also conceivable. The telescopic main boom 4 typically consists of a base box 4a and one or more coaxially nested and telescopic inner boxes 4b. The base box 4a is mounted so that it can be luffed around the luffing axis 4y relative to the superstructure 3 or the base superstructure 6 by means of the hydraulic luffing cylinder 12.

[0034] A luffing jib 11 is connected to a main boom head 4c of the main boom 4 via an adapter 17. The jib 11 is typically designed as a lattice mast. The jib 11 can also be designed as a box girder with a hollow box. Typically, the jib 11 is made of steel. A fiber composite construction is also conceivable. Jibs 11 constructed from boom sections of different designs, such as a lattice mast, box, each made of steel or fiber composite, are also conceivable. The jib 11 is luffed in the usual way via one or here two luffing supports 11a in the area of ​​the main boom head 4c or the adapter 17, via which a luffing cable 11b is led from a tip of the jib 11 or a front area of ​​the jib 11 to a luffing mechanism 13 (see Fig. 2) is guided to the superstructure 8. The luffing mechanism 13 is designed as a hydraulically driven cable drum.

[0035] In addition, the main boom 4 is guyed by means of the two first and second auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b and associated first and second guying means 14a, 14b, in particular cables, rods, or combinations thereof. In the present embodiment, the first and second guying means 14a, 14b are fastened in the region of the main boom head 4c of the main boom 4 or the adapter 17, respectively, and from there are each guided to a first rear end 15ah of a first auxiliary support 15a or a second rear end 15bh of a second auxiliary support 15b. The first and second auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are in turn each fastened with their opposite first and second front ends 15av, 15bv to the superstructure 3 or the superstructure 8 via a joint. The first and second auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are thus so-called pendulum supports, which only introduce compressive forces and no bending forces into the superstructure 8.The first and second auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b are each suspended via a first and second suspension means 16a, 16b at the first rear end 15ah of the first auxiliary support 15a and at the second rear end 15bh of the second auxiliary support 15b, respectively. By means of the first and second auxiliary supports 15a, 15b, the two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b are spaced rearward from the superstructure 3 and the superstructure 8, respectively, thereby increasing an effective counterweight radius, which corresponds to a distance between the centers of gravity of the two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b and the vertical rotation axis 3z of the superstructure 3. The first and second guying means 14a, 14b and also the first and second suspension means 16a, 16b are designed as ropes, chains, rods, or combinations thereof.Here, the first and second auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are each articulated in the horizontal and vertical directions and detachable at a rear end 8h (see . Fig. 2) of the superstructure 8. The first and second auxiliary supports 15a, 15b extend from the superstructure 8 in a V-shape, as seen from above, and are essentially symmetrical to a longitudinal axis of the superstructure 3. Since the first and second auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are articulated to the superstructure 8, the effective counterweight moment of the two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b can be changed, increased, reduced, or adapted to any requirements of the application of the mobile crane 1 by horizontally and / or vertically pivoting the auxiliary supports 15a, 15b. Each of the auxiliary supports 15a, 15b can be pivoted through an angle a of theoretically 0 degrees to 180 degrees, preferably from 40 degrees to 130 degrees. This angular range is defined between a vertical line (dashed line in Fig. 2) and a longitudinal axis (dashed in Fig. 2) of the at least one auxiliary support 15a, 15b. The angle values ​​increase by pivoting the at least one auxiliary support 15a, 15b downwards towards the ground. An auxiliary support 15a, 15b erected parallel to the vertical has an angle a of 0 degrees; an auxiliary support 15a, 15b running parallel to the horizontal has an angle a of 90 degrees. Fig. 2, the angle a is approximately 80 degrees. The pivoting is effected via hydraulic cylinders (not shown) between the rear end 8h of the superstructure 8 and the front ends 15av, 15bv of the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b. In addition, it can be provided that the auxiliary supports 15a, 15b can be adjusted in length by additional components or are designed to be telescopic. The two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b are each constructed in the usual way as a stack with a base support 10c and individual counterweight plates 10d stacked thereon (see Fig. 2). So-called lateral superlift arms can be used as auxiliary supports 15a, 15b, which, in other configurations of the mobile crane 1, are usually used in the area of ​​a guying of the main boom 4 and are then hinged in the area of ​​a head of the base box 4a.

[0036] In addition, the Fig. 1 shows that a first and a second tensioning device 19a, 19b are arranged approximately centrally on the auxiliary supports 15a, 15b in order to tension the first and second guying devices 14a, 14b. The first and second tensioning devices 19a, 19b are designed as cable winches in the usual way. For this purpose, deflection pulleys (not shown) are arranged at the rear ends 15ah, 15bh, via which the first and second guying devices 14a, 14b are guided to the associated tensioning devices 19a, 19b. The tensioning devices 19a, 19b are designed as hydraulically driven cable drums in the usual way and can also work together with pulley-like reeving in the guying devices 14a, 14b. It is also conceivable to arrange the two tensioning devices 19a, 19b not on the auxiliary supports 15a, 15b but on the superstructure 3, in particular the add-on superstructure 8.

[0037] In the first configuration described above, the main counterweight stacked on the superstructure 8 is divided into a first main counterweight 9a and a second main counterweight 9b. The first and second main counterweights 9a, 9b are arranged laterally offset, opposite each other, and spaced apart from each other with respect to a longitudinal direction of the superstructure 3 and the superstructure 8, respectively. Fig. In the operating position of the first and second main counterweights 9a, 9b shown in Figure 1, the first and second main counterweights 9a, 9b are arranged in a fixed position on the superstructure 8. Typically, the first and second main counterweights 9a, 9b are arranged at an opposite or rear end of the superstructure 3, in particular the rear end 8h of the superstructure 6, with respect to the rotation axis 3z of the superstructure 3 or the main boom 4. The first and second main counterweights 9a, 9b each consist of a stack of counterweight plates 9d, which are stacked on a base support 9c (see Fig. 2). The base supports 9c are each attached to the side of the superstructure 8 or are part of the superstructure 8.

[0038] In addition, the mobile crane 1 has, in the usual way, four lateral support beams 20, each with a vertically extendable hydraulic support 20a, with which the mobile crane 1 can be supported on a floor 22 (see Fig. 2). The undercarriage 2 is equipped with pneumatic and / or rubber-tired wheels 21, with which the mobile crane 1 can be moved on public roads.

[0039] The Fig. 2 shows a side view of Fig. 1 from the area of ​​the uppercarriage 3 and the undercarriage 2 in a first set-up state. Fig. 2 to 4, the fitting of the mobile crane 1 according to the invention with the superstructure 8, the two main counterweights 9a, 9b, the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b and the two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b is explained in more detail below.

[0040] In the Fig. 2, the superstructure 8 and the two main counterweights 9a, 9b have already been picked up, together or individually one after the other, from a semitrailer for transport to the site with the aid of an auxiliary crane (not shown) or with the mobile crane 1 and its main boom 4 itself, and have been parked in a setup position on a central section of the undercarriage 2 between the base superstructure 6 and the cabin 7 on the undercarriage 2. The superstructure 8 has been parked on the undercarriage 2 at a preselected setup location so that after the base superstructure 6 has been pivoted with its rear end 6h pointing forward in the direction of the cabin 7, the rear end 6h of the base superstructure 6 lies opposite a front end 8v of the superstructure 8 at a short distance. The superstructure 8 is aligned at its setup location with its central longitudinal axis symmetrical to a central longitudinal axis of the undercarriage 2, as seen from above.At the rear end 6h of the base superstructure 6, an upper first connection point 6a and a lower second connection point 6b are provided for releasably attaching the superstructure 8 to them. Corresponding upper third connection points 8a and lower fourth connection points 8b are located opposite each other at the front end 8v of the superstructure 8. The first to fourth connection points 6a, 6b, 8a, and 8b are each designed as conventional single- or multi-shear bolt connections. Such bolt connections typically consist of lugs with bores or fork heads with multiple lugs and associated bolts, via which the lugs can be releasably connected to one another.In the present case, the first and third connection points 6a and 8a are each designed as tabs with a bore, and the second connection point 6b is designed as a downwardly open hook for receiving a bolt that is fixedly arranged on a tab in the fourth connection point 8b. When the add-on uppercarriage 8 is aligned at its setup location on the undercarriage 2, the centers of the bores for receiving the bolts of the first to fourth connection points 6a, 6b, 8a, and 8b are aligned one behind the other in a vertical direction, spaced apart from one another. Furthermore, it is clear from the . Fig. 2 that the tabs or hooks of the first to fourth connection points 6a, 6b, 8a and 8b, viewed from the side on the undercarriage 2, each protrude from the rear end 6h of the base superstructure 6 and the front end 8v of the add-on superstructure 8 and mesh with one another in the manner of a contact-free toothing.

[0041] After the superstructure 8 with the main counterweights 9a, 9b has been placed at its installation location on the undercarriage 2, the superstructure 8 and the first and second auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are picked up jointly or individually one after the other by a semitrailer for transport to the site of use with the aid of the auxiliary crane (not shown) or with the mobile crane 1 and its main boom 4 itself. They are placed at their installation locations on the undercarriage 2 and a support 23, which is usually used to support the main boom 4. In their installation locations, the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are each aligned with their longitudinal axes parallel to a central longitudinal direction of the undercarriage 2, as seen from above, and laterally spaced apart. In addition, the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b each border the rear end 8h of the superstructure 8 with their front ends 15av, 15bv.

[0042] In the next setup step, the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are each coupled with their front ends 15av, 15bv to the rear end 8h of the superstructure 8. Alternatively, this coupling could also take place at a later time.

[0043] In a further setup step, with the aid of the auxiliary crane (not shown) or with the mobile crane 1 and its main boom 4 itself, the first and second auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b are picked up from a trailer for transport to the site and placed at their setup locations on the floor 22 in front of the cabin 7 of the mobile crane 1 and below the rear ends 15ah, 15bh of the first and second auxiliary supports 15a, 15b.

[0044] Furthermore, the Fig. 2 that the superstructure 8 has at least one hydraulic setup cylinder 24 arranged centrally at the center of gravity of the superstructure 8, which is supported on the undercarriage 2. The working direction of the setup cylinder 24 is vertical, and therefore, by means of the setup cylinder 24, the superstructure 8, together with the main counterweights 9a, 9b, can be lifted from the undercarriage 2 from a setup position into an attachment position. It is also conceivable to provide more than one setup cylinder 24, which are arranged symmetrically to the center of gravity of the superstructure 8.

[0045] Contrary to the description of Fig. 1 is in the Fig. 2, an additional hoist 18a is additionally arranged on the base superstructure 4. The additional hoist 18a is also designed in the usual way as a hydraulically driven cable drum.

[0046] The Fig. 3 shows a side view of Fig. 2, in which the superstructure 8, the two main counterweights 9a, 9b, the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b, and the two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b are in a second setup state. To achieve this second setup state, the superstructure 8 with the two main counterweights 9a, 9b has been raised from its rest position into its attached position by means of at least one setup cylinder 24. Through the vertical movement alone, the superstructure 8 and the base superstructure 6 have already been automatically coupled in the area of ​​their lower second connection point 6b and fourth connection point 8b by inserting the pin into the downwardly open hook. In the area of ​​the upper first connection point 6a and the upper third connection point 8a, the pins are manually or automatically inserted into the corresponding holes in the lugs, which are now aligned with one another, in order to complete the coupling process.

[0047] If the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b, each with their front ends 15av, 15bv, have not yet been connected to the rear end 8h of the superstructure 8, this can now be done. Alternatively, it is conceivable that this connection could also be made automatically via the lifting movement of the superstructure 8 with the two main counterweights 9a, 9b, for example, via a corresponding design according to the first to fourth connection points 6a, 6b, 8a, and 8b.

[0048] In a further setup step, the two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b are suspended from the respective front ends 15av, 15bv of the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b via the first suspension means 16a and the second suspension means 16b. At this point, the two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b are still resting on the ground 22.

[0049] The Fig. 4 shows a side view of Fig. 2, in which the superstructure 8, the two main counterweights 9a, 9b, the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b, and the two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b are in a third setup state. To achieve this third setup state, in a first setup step after the superstructure 8 has been coupled to the base superstructure 6, at least one setup cylinder 24 has been retracted and is thus no longer supported on the surface of the undercarriage 2. Subsequently, in a further setup step, the first guying device 14a and the second guying device 14b are guided from the two tensioning devices 19a, 19b via the respective rear end 15ah, 15bh of the first and second auxiliary supports 15a, 15b to the main boom head 4c or the adjoining adapter 17 and are fastened there.Then, by tensioning the two guying devices 14a, 14b via the two tensioning devices 19a, 19b or by luffing the main boom 4, the two auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are tilted upwards at a desired angle from their essentially horizontal setup position into a working position. This simultaneously lifts the two auxiliary counterweights 10a, 10b from the ground 22, generating the desired counterweight moment for the operation of the mobile crane 1.

[0050] In the Fig. 5 shows another side view, which essentially corresponds to the Fig. 4 and shows a comparable setup status. Therefore, please refer to the previous description of the Fig. 1 to 4, and only features differing from these will be described below. Here, the auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are designed in an alternative construction. The previously described auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are rigid, one-piece, of a predetermined length, and formed as hollow profiles. In contrast, the auxiliary supports 15a, 15b according to Fig. 5 is designed to be foldable centrally around a horizontal folding axis 15y. Similarly, the auxiliary supports 15a, 15b are divided into a front initial section 15c and a rear end section 15d, which are pivotally connected to one another via a substantially horizontal axis. A hydraulic folding cylinder 15e is provided for the pivoting movement, which is supported on the one hand on the initial section 15c and on the other hand on the end section 15d. With the help of the foldable auxiliary supports 15a, 15b, it is possible to vary the desired counterweight radius to a greater extent.

[0051] Here, too, each of the auxiliary supports 15a, 15b can be pivoted through an angle a of theoretically 0 degrees to 180 degrees, preferably from 40 degrees to 130 degrees. This angular range is defined between a vertical line passing through the joint with a horizontal pivot axis (dashed line in Fig. 2) and a longitudinal axis (dashed in Fig. 2) of the straightly stretched and non-folded auxiliary support 15a, 15b. List of reference symbols 1 mobile crane 2 undercarriages 3 superstructures 3z vertical axis of rotation 4 main booms 4a Basic Box 4b inner box 4c Main boom head 4y luffing axle 5 Slewing ring 6 basic superstructure 6a first connection point 6b second connection point 6h back end 7 cabins 8 Attachment superstructure 8a third connection point 8b fourth connection point 8h back end 8v front end 9a first main counterweight 9b second main counterweight 9c base support 9d Counterweight plate 10a first auxiliary counterweight 10b second auxiliary counterweight 10c base support 10d counterweight plate 11 auxiliary boom 11a Rocker supports 11b Seesaw rope 12 rocker cylinders 13 luffing gear 14a first guying device 14b second guying device 15a first auxiliary support 15ah first rear end 15av first front end 15b second auxiliary support 15bh second rear end 15bv second front end 15c initial section 15d final section 15e folding cylinder 15y folding axis 16a first suspension means 16b second suspension means 17 adapters 18 Hoist 18a additional lifting gear 19a first tensioning device 19b second tensioning device 20 support beams 20a support 21 wheels 22 Floor 23rd edition 24 setup cylinders a angle

Claims

[1] Mobile crane (1) with an upper carriage (3) rotatably mounted on an undercarriage (2) with a telescopic main boom (4), wherein the upper carriage (3) consists of a base upper carriage (6) and an add-on upper carriage (8) detachably arranged thereon, and the add-on upper carriage (8) accommodates at least one main counterweight (9a, 9b), characterized by that at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) acting as a pendulum support is fastened to the superstructure (8), the rear end (15ah, 15bh) of which is suspended via a guying means (14a, 14b) and an auxiliary counterweight (10a, 10b) is suspended from the rear end (15ah, 15bh) of the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b). [2] Mobile crane (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) is articulated to the superstructure (8). [3] Mobile crane (1) according to claim 2, characterized bythat the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) can be pivoted through an angle (a) of 40 degrees to 130 degrees. [4] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the auxiliary support (15a, 15b) is fastened to the superstructure (8) in such a way that the auxiliary support (15a, 15b) can be placed on the ground (22) or the undercarriage (2). [5] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) is at least 3 m long. [6] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that a first and a second auxiliary support (15a, 15b), each with an auxiliary counterweight (10a, 10b), extend rearwardly from the superstructure (8). [7] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by that the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) is designed as a lateral superlift arm. [8] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by that the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) is divided into a starting section (15c) and an end section (15d) which are connected to one another in an articulated manner so as to be foldable about a horizontal folding axis (15y). [9] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by that the add-on superstructure (8) can be lifted from a setup position on the undercarriage (2) into an attachment position next to the base superstructure (6) and the add-on superstructure (8) can be releasably coupled to the base superstructure (6) in the attachment position. [10] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by that at least one setup cylinder (24) is arranged on the superstructure (8) and by means of which the superstructure (8) can be lifted from the setup position into the attachment position. [11] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized bythat the at least one main counterweight (9a, 9b) is stationary relative to the base superstructure (6) during operation of the mobile crane (1). [12] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by that a first and a second main counterweight (9a, 9b) are provided, which are arranged opposite one another and spaced apart from one another with respect to a longitudinal direction of the superstructure (8). [13] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by that at least one lifting mechanism and / or one winch are arranged on the superstructure (8). [14] Mobile crane (1) according to claim 13, characterized by that the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) is placed in a setup position on the undercarriage (2) and can be coupled to the add-on superstructure (8). [15] Mobile crane (1) according to claim 14, characterized bythat a support (23) is arranged on the undercarriage (2), on which the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) rests in the setup position. [16] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized by that the base superstructure (6) is counterweightless. [17] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized by that the undercarriage (2) is provided with wheels (21) for road travel. [18] Mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized by that the rear end (15ah, 15bh) of the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) is suspended via the guying means (14a, 14b) on the main boom (4) and / or on an auxiliary boom (11) and / or on an adapter (17) on a main boom head (4c). [19] Method for equipping a mobile crane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 18, comprising the following steps: - placing at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) in a set-up position on the undercarriage (2), - fastening the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) to the superstructure (8), - guying a rear end (15ah, 15bh) of the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) via guying means (14a, 14b) to a main boom head (4c) and / or to an adapter (17) adjacent thereto or to an auxiliary boom (11), - suspending an auxiliary counterweight (10a, 10b) at the rear end (15ah, 15bh) of the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b). [20] Method according to claim 19, characterized bythat before the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) is laid down, the add-on superstructure (8) is laid down in a setup position on the undercarriage (2), the add-on superstructure (8) is lifted with at least one setup cylinder (24) from its setup position into an attachment position next to the base superstructure (6) and the add-on superstructure (8) is fastened to the base superstructure (6). [21] Method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized by that the at least one auxiliary support (15a, 15b) is fastened to the superstructure (8) in its set-up position or in its attachment position. [22] Method according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized by that the add-on superstructure (8) and / or the main counterweight (9a, 9b) and / or the auxiliary support (15a, 15b) for the setup process is placed on the undercarriage (2) of the mobile crane (1) by the mobile crane (1) itself.

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