Winding, component for an electric machine, electric machine and motor vehicle and method for manufacturing a winding

Abstract

A winding (110) is provided for a component (100) of an electric machine (105), wherein the component (100) has an annular laminated core (115) with a plurality of slot groups (102, 104) extending axially through the laminated core (115). Each slot group (102, 104) comprises a plurality of slots (N0, N1, N2, N3, N4, N5, N6, N7) for receiving input sections (132, 142, 152) and output sections (134, 144, 154) of partial strands (130, 140, 150) of the winding (110) in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers (L1, L2, L3). Adjacent slot groups (102, 104) are each spaced apart from one another by a web (118) of the laminated core (115). On a connecting side (112) of the winding (110), a connecting section (126) of a bridging strand (120) spans exclusively the web (118) of the laminated core (115).Connecting sections (136, 146, 156) of a first sub-strand (130), a second sub-strand (140) and a third sub-strand (150) span the web (118), the bridging sub-strand (120) and an equal number of slots of the lamination stack (115).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a winding, a component for an electrical machine, an electrical machine, an electric axle drive, a motor vehicle and a method for producing a winding.

[0002] Electrical machines may include components with windings made of, for example, copper wires for conducting electrical energy to generate magnetic fields.

[0003] Electrical machines with windings comprising partial phases are known from the prior art, for example from US 4692646 A, DE 10 2010 040 711 A1, DE 10 2006 003 598 A1 or DE 10 2010 001 619 A1.

[0004] Against this background, the present invention provides an improved winding, an improved component for an electric machine, an improved electric machine, an improved electric axle drive, an improved motor vehicle, and an improved method for producing a winding according to the main claims. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims and the following description.

[0005] The winding presented here advantageously has a compact circuit, which saves axial space.

[0006] A winding is provided for a component of an electrical machine, wherein the component has an annular laminated core with a plurality of slot groups extending axially through the laminated core. Each slot group comprises a plurality of slots for receiving input sections and output sections of partial strands of the winding in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. Adjacent slot groups are each spaced from one another by a web of the laminated core. On a connecting side of the winding, a connecting section of a bridging partial strand exclusively spans the web of the laminated core. Connecting sections of a first partial strand, a second partial strand, and a third partial strand each span the web, the bridging partial strand, and an equal number of slots of the laminated core.

[0007] The electrical machine can be, for example, an electric drive or another electrical machine, for example for a vehicle. The electrical machine can comprise various components, such as a rotor and a stator, similar to known electric motors. The component, for example an annular stator, can be designed as a laminated core made up of several individual sheets, through which the slots for receiving the partial strands and the bridging partial strand of the winding extend. The slots can be numbered along the circumference of the laminated core so that each slot can be assigned a unique position. Each of the slots can accommodate a plurality of partial strands, which can be arranged radially adjacent in the slot. The number of partial strands that can be accommodated by a slot can correspond to a number of winding layers.The winding layers can therefore represent different sections of the slots. The winding can, for example, be a flat wire winding, the individual sub-strands of which can be designed as so-called hairpin wires, i.e. as electrically conductive wires with a hairpin-like geometry. The individual sub-strands can, for example, be inserted into the corresponding slots in the laminated core and interconnected on one side of the winding. A connecting side can be understood to be a side of the winding on which the connecting sections of the sub-strands are arranged. The connecting sections of the first sub-strand, the second sub-strand, and the third sub-strand can form a first coil width, whereby the first bridging sub-strand can form a second coil width. The first coil width can have a greater width than the second coil width.

[0008] A single-phase distributed winding with winding heads may require axial space on both sides outside the active area of ​​the laminated core. The winding presented here can be a single-phase distributed winding with compact winding heads for an electrical machine and has a small axial installation space requirement. The three sub-strands can be offset from each other in the circumferential direction to further reduce the axial height. Furthermore, a 3D offset of the bridging sub-strand can be eliminated. The winding presented here requires less axial installation space. Furthermore, fewer bending variants are required for production, and a simpler bending tool is sufficient for the bridging sub-strand.

[0009] The first sub-strand, the second sub-strand, and the third sub-strand can be arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction of the laminated core. The input section of the bridging sub-strand can be arranged in an input groove directly adjacent to the web, and the output section can be arranged in an output groove directly adjacent to the web. The input section of the first sub-strand can be arranged in a first input groove directly adjacent to the input groove. The input section of the second sub-strand can be arranged in a second input groove directly adjacent to the first input groove, and the input section of the third sub-strand can be arranged in a third input groove directly adjacent to the second input groove. The output section of the first sub-strand can be arranged in a first output groove directly adjacent to another web.The output section of the second sub-strand can be arranged in a second output slot directly adjacent to the first output slot. The output section of the third sub-strand can be arranged in a third output slot directly adjacent to the second output slot. In this way, the bridging sub-strand can form the second coil width, and the sub-strands can form the first coil width. Due to the arrangement of the sub-strands and / or the bridging sub-strand, a compact design of the winding can be enabled.

[0010] Input sections of the partial strands and the bridging partial strand can be accommodated in the slots of a first winding layer of a first slot group, and output sections of the partial strands and the bridging partial strand can be accommodated in the slots of the first winding layer of a second slot group. By guiding and interconnecting the individual partial strands in adjacent winding layers, a simple and space-saving winding pattern can be advantageously implemented.

[0011] Input sections of the partial strands and the bridging partial strand can be accommodated in slots of a third winding layer of a third slot group, and output sections of the partial strands and the bridging partial strand can be accommodated in slots of the second winding layer of a second slot group. By guiding and interconnecting the individual partial strands in adjacent winding layers, a simple and space-saving winding pattern can be advantageously implemented.

[0012] Input sections of the partial strands and the bridging partial strand can be accommodated in slots of the second winding layer of a second slot group, and output sections of the partial strands and the bridging partial strand can be accommodated in slots of the third winding layer of a third slot group. By guiding and interconnecting the individual partial strands in adjacent winding layers, a simple and space-saving winding pattern can be advantageously implemented.

[0013] The first winding layer can be formed as a radially outer winding layer, wherein the second winding layer can be formed as a radially central winding layer and wherein the third winding layer can be formed as a radially inner winding layer.

[0014] The slot groups of the plurality of slot groups in the circumferential direction of the laminated core can alternately accommodate exclusively output sections of sub-strands and bridging sub-strands, as well as exclusively input sections of sub-strands and bridging sub-strands. By routing the individual sub-strands and bridging sub-strands in the slot groups, a single-phase distributed winding can be created.

[0015] A first portion of the partial strands and the bridging partial strand can be wound in a first winding direction, and a second portion of the partial strands and the bridging partial strand can be wound in a second winding direction opposite to the first winding direction. The first winding direction can, for example, correspond to a counterclockwise winding direction along the laminated core of the circular component. The second winding direction can, for example, correspond to a clockwise winding direction of the winding. This winding pattern can advantageously achieve electrical and mechanical symmetry of the winding. Furthermore, the winding pattern can enable simple and cost-effective manufacturing.

[0016] On the connection side of the winding, an additional connecting section of an additional bridging sub-strand can span exclusively the web of the laminated core. Additional connecting sections of an additional first sub-strand, an additional second sub-strand, and an additional third sub-strand can span the web, the additional bridging sub-strand, and the same number of slots of the laminated core.

[0017] On the connection side of the winding, a further connecting section of a further bridging sub-strand can span exclusively a further web of the laminated core. Further connecting sections of a further first sub-strand, a further second sub-strand, and a further third sub-strand can span the further web, the further bridging sub-strand, and the same number of slots of the laminated core.

[0018] Furthermore, a component for an electrical machine with a variant of the previously presented winding is presented. The component also includes the annular laminated core with the plurality of slot groups extending axially through the laminated core for accommodating input sections and output sections of partial phases of the winding in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. This combination advantageously allows the previously described advantages to be optimally implemented.

[0019] An electrical machine may comprise a component, which may be embodied either as a stator or as a rotor. For example, the component may comprise the winding.

[0020] The electric machine is suitable, for example, for an electric axle drive. Such an electric axle drive for a motor vehicle comprises at least one named electric machine, a transmission device, and a power converter. The power converter can be designed, for example, as an inverter. Using the power converter, an electrical current required to operate the electric machine can be provided. Using the transmission device, a torque provided by the electric machine can be converted into a drive torque for driving at least one wheel of the motor vehicle. The transmission device can have a gearbox for reducing the speed of the electric machine and, optionally, a differential.

[0021] Accordingly, a motor vehicle may comprise a said electric machine and additionally or alternatively a said electric axle drive.

[0022] Furthermore, a method for producing a variant of the previously presented winding for a variant of the previously presented component is presented. The method comprises an insertion step and an insertion step. In the insertion step, the connecting section of the bridging sub-strand is inserted on the connection side of the winding to span exclusively the web of the laminated core. In the insertion step, the connecting sections of the first sub-strand, the second sub-strand, and the third sub-strand are inserted on the connection side of the winding to span the web, the bridging sub-strand, and an equal number of slots of the laminated core.

[0023] The approach presented here further provides a device designed to perform, control, or implement the steps of a variant of a method presented here in corresponding devices. This embodiment of the invention in the form of a device also allows the problem underlying the invention to be solved quickly and efficiently.

[0024] A device can be an electrical device that processes electrical signals, for example, sensor signals, and outputs control signals depending on them. The device can have one or more suitable interfaces, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software. In a hardware implementation, the interfaces can, for example, be part of an integrated circuit in which functions of the device are implemented. The interfaces can also be separate integrated circuits or consist at least partially of discrete components. In a software implementation, the interfaces can be software modules that are present, for example, on a microcontroller alongside other software modules.

[0025] The invention is explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show: Fig. 1 a partial representation of an embodiment of a component; Fig. 2 a partial representation of an embodiment of a component; Fig. 3 shows a representation of a first partial strand of an embodiment of a winding; Fig. 4 shows a representation of a bridging sub-strand of an embodiment of a winding; Fig. 5 a tabular representation of a winding scheme for an embodiment of a winding; Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a winding according to an embodiment; and Fig. 7 a representation of an embodiment of a motor vehicle.

[0026] In the following description of preferred embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the elements shown in the various figures and having a similar effect, whereby a repeated description of these elements is omitted.

[0027] Fig. 1 shows a partial representation of an embodiment of a component 100 of an electrical machine 105 with a winding 110. The component 100 is shown from a connection side 112.

[0028] The component 100 is designed purely as an example as a stator and comprises an annular laminated core 115 with a plurality of slot groups 102, 104 extending axially through the laminated core 115. The slot groups 102, 104 are spaced from one another, for example, by a web 118, 128, 138 of the laminated core 115. According to the exemplary embodiment shown here, the laminated core 115 comprises six slot groups and six webs, wherein the slot groups 102, 104 and the webs 118, 128, 138 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction of the laminated core 115.

[0029] Each slot group comprises a plurality of slots N0, N1, N2, N3, N4, N5, N6, N7 for accommodating partial strands 130, 140, 150 and bridging partial strands 120 of the winding 110 in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. The partial strands 130, 140, 150 and the bridging partial strands 120 each form an input section 122, 132, 142, 152, an output section 124, 134, 144, 154, and a connecting section 126, 136, 146, 156, which interconnects the input section 122, 132, 142, 152 and the output section 124, 134, 144, 154. More specifically, the grooves N0, N1, N2, N3 of the first groove group 102 accommodate the input sections 122, 132, 142, 152 and the grooves N4, N5, N6, N7 of the second groove group 104 accommodate the output sections 124, 134, 144, 154.

[0030] The stator shown here is designed merely by way of example to accommodate winding 110, with winding 110 being assigned merely by way of example to the U phase. Winding 110 comprises bridging sub-strand 120 and the three sub-strands 130, 140, 150. Sub-strands 130, 140, 150 and bridging sub-strand 120 of winding 110 are designed merely by way of example as flat wires for conducting an electrical energy flow with a hairpin-like geometry, which is why they can also be referred to as hairpins. Sub-strands 130, 140, 150 are arranged offset from one another, for example, in the circumferential direction of laminated core 115.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the bridging sub-strand 120 comprises the input section 122, the output section 124, and the connecting section 126. The bridging sub-strand 120 can also be referred to as a small pin. The connecting section 126 spans the web 118 of the laminated core 115. The input section 122 is arranged, for example, in an input slot N0 of the first slot group 102 directly adjacent to the web 118, and the output section 124 is arranged in an output slot N4 of the second slot group 104 directly adjacent to the web 118.

[0032] The first sub-strand 130 has, for example, the first input section 132, the first output section 134, and the first connecting section 136. The first connecting section 136 spans the web 118, the bridging sub-strand 120, and a number of, for example, only four slots N0, N4, N6, N7 of the laminated core 115. The first input section 132 is arranged, for example, in a first input slot N1 directly adjacent to the input slot N0. The first output section 134 is arranged in a first output slot N5 directly adjacent to another web 128.

[0033] The second sub-strand 140 has, for example, the second input section 142, the second output section 144, and the second connecting section 146. The second connecting section 146 spans the web 118, the bridging sub-strand 120, and a number of, for example, four slots N0, N1, N4, N7 of the laminated core 115. The second input section 142 is arranged in a second input slot N2 directly adjacent to the first input slot N1. The second output section 144 is arranged in a second output slot N6 directly adjacent to the first output slot N5.

[0034] The third sub-strand 150 has, for example, the third input section 152, the third output section 154, and the third connecting section 156. The third connecting section 156 spans the web 118, the bridging sub-strand 120, and a number of, merely by way of example, four slots N0, N1, N2, N4 of the laminated core 115. The third input section 152 is arranged in a third input slot N3 directly adjacent to the second input slot N2. More precisely, the third input slot N3 is arranged between the second input slot N2 and an additional web 138. The third output section 154 is arranged in a third output slot N7 directly adjacent to the second output slot N6. More precisely, the third output slot N7 is arranged between the second output slot N6 and the output slot N4. The sub-strands 130, 140, 150 can also be referred to as large pins.

[0035] In summary, the connecting sections 136, 146, 156 of the partial strands 130, 140, 150 on the connecting side 112 of the winding 110 span the web 118, the bridging partial strand 120, and an equal number of slots—here, for example, only four slots—of the laminated core 115. Thus, the partial strands or the connecting sections form a first coil width. The connecting section of the bridging partial strand spans exclusively the web 118 of the laminated core 115 and thus forms a second coil width.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the input sections 122, 132, 142, 152 are accommodated by the slots N0, N1, N2, N3 of the first slot group 102, and the output sections 124, 134, 144, 154 are accommodated by the slots N5, N5, N6, N7 of the second slot group 104. For example, the input sections 122, 132, 142, 152 are accommodated by the input slots N0, N1, N2, N3 of a first winding layer of the first slot group 102, and the output sections 124, 134, 144, 145 are accommodated by the output slots N4, N5, N6, N7 of a second winding layer of the second slot group 104.

[0037] On the connection side 112 of the winding 110, an additional bridging sub-strand 160 is arranged, merely by way of example, whose additional connecting section exclusively spans the web 118 of the laminated core 115. Furthermore, additional sub-strands 170, 180, 190 are arranged on the connection side 112 of the winding 110, whose additional connecting sections span the web 118, the additional bridging sub-strand 160, and the same number of slots of the laminated core 115.

[0038] According to a further exemplary embodiment, a further bridging sub-strand 161 is arranged on the connection side 112 of the winding 110, the further connecting section 166 of which spans exclusively the further web 128 of the laminated core 115. In addition, further sub-strands 171, 181, 191 are arranged on the connection side 112 of the winding 110, the further connecting sections 166, 176, 186, 196 of which span the further web 128, the further bridging sub-strand 161, and the same number of slots of the laminated core 115.

[0039] Fig. 2 shows a partial representation of an embodiment of a component 100. The component 100 is similar or corresponds to the component from Fig. 1.

[0040] The first sub-strand 130 is arranged, for example, axially above the bridging sub-strand 120, with the second sub-strand 140 being arranged at least partially axially above the first sub-strand 130. The third sub-strand 150 is arranged at least partially axially above the second sub-strand 140. Thus, the winding pattern of the winding 110 in this exemplary embodiment follows a so-called "pin over pin over pin over 1 pin" winding pattern.

[0041] The connecting sections of the partial strands 130, 140, 150 and the bridging partial strand 120 each have at least one offset 220, 230, 240, 250, whereby the winding 110 has a low axial height.

[0042] Fig. 3 shows a representation of an embodiment of a first partial strand 130 for a winding, wherein the first partial strand 130 corresponds to the partial strand of Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 2 is similar to or equivalent.

[0043] The first sub-strand 130 is formed, for example, as a flat wire made of a copper material for conducting electrical energy and with a hairpin-like geometry. The first sub-strand 130 comprises the first input section 132 and the first output section 134 for passing through a groove of a laminated core of a component. The first input section 132 and the first output section 134 are connected by a first connecting section 136. The first sub-strand 130 has the first coil width, which corresponds to a distance between the first input section 132 and the first output section 134. The second sub-strand and / or the third sub-strand are similar to or correspond to the first sub-strand 130 shown here.

[0044] Fig. 4 shows a representation of a bridging sub-strand 120 of an embodiment of a winding, wherein the bridging sub-strand 120 corresponds to the bridging sub-strand of Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 2 is similar to or equivalent.

[0045] The bridging sub-strand 120 is formed, for example, as a flat wire made of a copper material for conducting electrical energy and with a hairpin-like geometry. The bridging sub-strand 120 comprises the input section 122 and the output section 124 for passing through a groove of a laminated core of a component. The input section 122 and the output section 124 are connected by a connecting section 126. The bridging sub-strand 120 has the second coil width, which corresponds to a distance between the input section 122 and the output section 124. The second coil width is larger than the first coil width of the Fig. 3 shown sub-strand.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the entire winding is made exclusively from the Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. According to one embodiment, all bridging sub-strands 120 used have the same second coil width and all sub-strands 130 used have the same first coil width.

[0047] Fig. Figure 5 shows a tabular representation of a winding pattern 500 for an embodiment of a winding. The winding is similar to or corresponds to the winding of Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 2.

[0048] The winding pattern 500 shown here is exemplified for a component with a laminated core having, for example, 24 slots and a respective number of holes 4 for receiving a winding 110. The positions 1 to 24 of the slots along the circumference of the laminated core are indicated in the top row of the table, with the winding 110 being assigned, for example, to the U phase.

[0049] Below, the three winding layers L1, L2, and L3 of the winding are shown as examples. The first winding layer L1, for example, is formed as a radially outer winding layer, the second winding layer L2 as a radially central winding layer, and the third winding layer L3 as a radially inner winding layer.

[0050] The second winding layer L2 is arranged adjacent to the first winding layer L1, i.e., in the table shown here, in a row directly below it. The third winding layer L3 is arranged adjacent to the second winding layer L2, which is shown in this figure in a row below the second winding layer L2.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the winding 110 comprises, for example, a winding phase 110A with a plurality of alternatingly connected partial phases and bridging partial phases.

[0052] In this exemplary embodiment, the winding phase 110A of the winding 110 comprises a third partial phase A1. This third partial phase A1 is arranged with the third input section in a third input slot of the slot group, wherein the third input slot is positioned at a third input position 21 of a third input layer L3 of the inner winding layer L3.

[0053] The output section of the third sub-strand A1 is arranged in a third output slot of the slots, with the third output slot being positioned at a third output position 2 of a second output layer L2 of the middle winding layer L2. In this exemplary embodiment, the third input layer L3 and the second output layer L2 correspond to different winding layers. The third sub-strand A1 spans a gap in the laminated core and, by way of example only, four slots A4, A7, A10.

[0054] More precisely, the third input layer L3 corresponds to the radially inner third winding layer L3 and the second output layer L2 corresponds to the radially central winding layer L2.

[0055] In this exemplary embodiment, the output section of the third sub-strand A1 is connected to an input section of a second sub-strand A2. The input section of the second sub-strand A2 is arranged in a second input groove of the groove group, wherein the second input groove is positioned at a second input position 6 of the third input layer L3. In this exemplary embodiment, the output section of the second sub-strand A2 is arranged in a second output groove of the second groove group, wherein the second output groove is positioned at a second output position 11 of the second output layer L2 of the centrally located winding layer L2.

[0056] In other words, the third sub-strand A1 and the second sub-strand A2 enter the third winding layer L3, are guided across several slots, and exit the second winding layer L2. They are electrically conductively interconnected across layers and also across several slots.

[0057] In the same way, in this exemplary embodiment, the second sub-strand A2 is connected to a first sub-strand A3. The first sub-strand A3 is also connected with the third sub-strand A1 and the second sub-strand A2 from the third winding layer L3 to the second winding layer L2 and is connected across layers to a bridging sub-strand A4, which in turn is connected with the third sub-strand A1, the second sub-strand A2, and the first sub-strand A3 from the third winding layer L3 to the second winding layer L2.

[0058] The output section of the bridging sub-strand A4 is connected to an input section of a third sub-strand A5. The third sub-strand A5 is positioned with the input section in an input groove at an input position 5 of the third input layer L3 of the radially inner winding layer L3. The output section of the third sub-strand A5 is positioned in an output groove at an output position 10 of the second output length L2 of the centrally located winding layer L2. In this arrangement, the connecting section of the third sub-strand A5 spans the web over a number of four grooves.

[0059] The output section of the third sub-strand A5 is connected to an input section of a second sub-strand A6. The input section of the second sub-strand A6 is positioned in an input groove at an input position 14 of the third input layer L3 of the radially inner winding layer L3. The output section of the second sub-strand A6 is positioned in an output groove at an output position 19 of the second input layer L2 of the radially central winding layer L2. In this arrangement, the connecting section of the second sub-strand A6 spans a web and a number of four grooves.

[0060] The output section of the second sub-strand A6 is connected to an input section of a first sub-strand A7. The input section of the first sub-strand A7 is positioned in an input groove at an input position 23 of the third input layer L3 of the radially inner winding layer L3. The output section of the first sub-strand A7 is positioned in an output groove at an output position 4 of the second input layer L2 of the radially central winding layer L2. In this arrangement, the connecting section of the first sub-strand A7 spans the web and a number of four grooves.

[0061] The output section of the first sub-strand A7 is connected to an input section of a bridging sub-strand A8. The input section of the bridging sub-strand A8 is positioned in an input groove at an input position 8 of the third input layer L3 of the radially inner winding layer L3. The output section of the bridging sub-strand A8 is positioned in an output groove at an output position 9 of the second input layer L2 of the radially central winding layer L2. In this arrangement, the connecting section of the bridging sub-strand A8 spans the web.

[0062] The partial strands and bridging partial strands A1 to A8 are guided and interconnected up to a bridging partial strand A12 in the manner described here in the adjacent winding layers L2 and L3. The output section of the bridging partial strand A12 positioned in the second winding layer L2 is interconnected with an input section of a third partial strand A13, wherein the input section of the third partial strand A13 is positioned in an input groove at an input position 21 of the first input layer L1 of the radially outer winding layer L3. Subsequently, the partial strands and bridging partial strands A13 to A24 are guided and interconnected in the first winding layer L1.

[0063] The output section of the third sub-strand A13 is positioned in an output groove at an output position 2 of the first output layer L1 of the radially outer winding layer L1. In this arrangement, the connecting section of the third sub-strand A13 spans the web and a number of four grooves.

[0064] The output section of the third sub-strand A13 is connected to an input section of a second sub-strand A14, with the second sub-strand also positioned in the radially outer winding layer L1. Up to the bridging sub-strand A24, the sub-strands and bridging sub-strands A13 to A24 are routed and connected in the first winding layer L1.

[0065] The routing and interconnection of the individual sub-strands A1 to A24 in adjacent winding layers L1, L2, L3 described here is carried out in a first winding direction R1. The first winding direction R1 corresponds to a counterclockwise winding direction along the laminated core of the circular component. From sub-strand a25 onwards, the sub-strands and bridging sub-strands from a25 to a36 are guided in a second winding direction R2. The second winding direction R2 corresponds to a clockwise winding direction along the laminated core of the circular component. In the illustration shown here, the change of direction is marked with an arrow as an example and can also be referred to as a backtwist layer.

[0066] The output section of the bridging sub-strand A24 is positioned in the output position 17 of the first output layer L1 of the radially outer winding layer L1 and is connected to an input section of a third sub-strand a25 in an input position 16 of the second input layer L2 of the radially central winding layer L2. The output section of the third sub-strand a25 is positioned in the third winding layer L3 and is connected to an input section of a second sub-strand a26. The input section of the second sub-strand a26 is positioned in an input groove at an input position 7 of the second input layer L2 of the radially central winding layer L2. Subsequently, the sub-strands and bridging sub-strands A26 to A36 are guided and connected in the manner described here in the adjacent winding layers L2 and L3.An output section of a bridging sub-strand a36 is connected to the input section of the third sub-strand A1. The third sub-strand A1 marks a connection to a power supply, and the bridging sub-strand a36 marks a connection to a power supply. The input section of the third sub-strand A1 and the output section of the bridging sub-strand a36 are arranged in the radially inner winding layer L3.

[0067] The winding pattern 500 shown here is designed for an example with a hole count of 4 to accommodate one winding, with transposition with 3PoP, i.e. 3 pins over 1 pin, taking place everywhere in all layers and over the entire circumference. For Q greater than 4 with (Q-1) pins over 1 pin. According to one embodiment, there are only two different coil widths in the winding. The winding pattern 500 shown here shows a three-layer winding pattern only as a simplified example for an odd number of layers; the principle is similar for, for example, 5, 7, 9 or more layers. The features can be used for both even and odd numbers of layers. The winding pattern presented here advantageously enables a low height of the bridging sub-strand and the sub-strands.

[0068] Fig. 6 shows a flowchart of a method 600 for producing a winding according to an embodiment. The winding is similar to or corresponds to the winding from one of the figures described above.

[0069] The method 600 includes an insertion step 605 and an insertion step 610. In insertion step 605, the connecting portion of the bridging sub-strand is inserted on the connection side of the winding to span exclusively the web of the laminated core. In insertion step 610, the connecting portions of the first sub-strand, the second sub-strand, and the third sub-strand are inserted on the connection side of the winding to span the web, the bridging sub-strand, and an equal number of slots of the laminated core.

[0070] Fig.7 shows an illustration of an embodiment of a motor vehicle 700. The motor vehicle 700 has an electric axle drive 710 with an electric machine 105, as described, for example, with reference to the preceding figures. Electrical energy for operating the electric machine 105 is provided by a power supply device 702, for example a battery. For example, the power supply device 702 provides a direct current, which is converted into an alternating current, for example a three-phase alternating current, using a power converter 704 of the transmission device and is supplied to the electric machine 105. A shaft driven by the electric machine 105 is coupled directly or using a transmission device 706 to at least one wheel 708 of the motor vehicle 700.Thus, the motor vehicle 700 can be propelled using the electric machine 105. According to one embodiment, the electric axle drive 710 comprises a housing in which the power converter 704, the electric machine 105, and the optional transmission device 706 are arranged in an integrated manner. Reference symbol 100 components 102 first groove group 104 second groove group 105 electric machine 110 winding 112 Connection page 115 sheet package 118 jetty 120 Bridging section 122 Input section of the bridging section 124 Output section of the bridging sub-string 126 Connecting section of the bridging section 128 additional bridge 130 first sub-strand 132 Input section of the first sub-strand 134 Output section of the first sub-strand 136 Connecting section of the first sub-strand 138 additional bridge 140 second sub-strand 142 Input section of the second sub-strand 144 Output section of the second sub-strand 146 Connecting section of the second sub-strand 150 third strand 152 Input section of the third sub-strand 154 Output section of the third sub-strand 156 Connecting section of the third sub-strand 160 additional bridging section 161 additional bridging section 166 further connecting section of the further bridging section 170 additional first sub-strand 171 further first sub-strand 176 further connecting section of the further first sub-strand 180 additional second sub-strand 181 further second sub-strand 186 further connecting section of the further second sub-strand 190 additional third strand 191 further third strand 196 further connecting section of the further third sub-strand 220 Offset of the bridging section 230 Offset of the first sub-strand 240 Offset of the second sub-strand 250 Offset of the third sub-strand 500 winding pattern 600 Method for producing a winding 605 Step of insertion 610 Step of insertion 700 motor vehicles 702 Energy supply facility 704 power converters 706 Gearbox device 708 wheels 710 electric axle drive A1 third strand of the first part A2 second strand of the first part A3 first strand of the first part A4 Bridging strand of the first part A5 third strand of the second part A6 second strand of the second part A7 first strand of the second part A8 Bridging strand of the second part A9 third strand of the third part A10 second strand of the third part A11 first strand of the third part A12 Bridging section of the third part A13 third strand of the fourth part A14 second strand of the fourth part A15 first strand of the fourth part A16 Bridging section of the fourth part A17 third strand of the fifth part A18 second strand of the fifth part A19 first strand of the fifth part A20 Bridging section of the fifth part A21 third strand of the sixth part A22 second strand of the sixth part A23 first strand of the sixth part a24 Bridging strand of the sixth part a25 third strand of the seventh part a26 second strand of the seventh part a27 first strand of the seventh part a28 Bridging strand of the seventh part a29 third strand of the eighth part a30 second strand of the eighth part a31 first strand of the eighth part a32 Bridging strand of the eighth part a33 third strand of the ninth part a34 second strand of the ninth part a35 first strand of the ninth part a36 Bridging strand of the ninth part L1 first winding layer L2 second winding layer L3 third winding layer N0 input groove N1 first entrance groove N2 second entrance groove N3 third input groove N4 output groove N5 first exit groove N6 second output groove N7 third output groove R1 first winding direction R2 second winding direction

Claims

[1] Winding (110) for a component (100) of an electrical machine (105), wherein the component (100) comprises an annular laminated core (115) with a plurality of slot groups (102, 104) extending axially through the laminated core (115), wherein each slot group (102, 104) comprises a plurality of slots (N0, N1, N2, N3, N4, N5, N6, N7) for receiving input sections (132, 142, 152) and output sections (134, 144, 154) of partial strands (130, 140, 150) of the winding (110) in a plurality of radially adjacently arranged winding layers (L1, L2, L3), wherein adjacent slot groups (102, 104) are each connected by a web (118) of the Laminated core (115) are spaced apart from each other, wherein on a connecting side (112) of the winding (110) a connecting section (126) of a bridging sub-strand (120) exclusively spans the web (118) of the laminated core (115), wherein connecting sections (136, 146, 156) of a first sub-strand (130),a second sub-strand (140) and a third sub-strand (150) each span the web (118), the bridging sub-strand (120) and an equal number of grooves of the laminated core (115). [2] Winding (110) according to claim 1, wherein the first partial strand (130), the second partial strand (140) and the third partial strand (150) are arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction of the laminated core (115). [3] Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein input sections (122, 132, 142, 152) of the partial strands (130, 140, 150) and of the bridging partial strand (120) are received by slots (N0, N1, N2, N3) of a first winding layer (L1) of a first slot group (102) and output sections (124, 134, 144, 154) of the partial strands (130, 140, 150) and of the bridging partial strand (120) are received by slots (N4, N5, N6, N7) of the first winding layer (L1) of a second slot group (104). [4] Winding (110) according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein input sections (122, 132, 142, 152) of the partial strands (130, 140, 150) and of the bridging partial strand (120) are received by slots of a third winding layer (L3) of a third slot group and output sections (124, 134, 144, 154) of the partial strands (130, 140, 150) and of the bridging partial strand (120) are received by slots of the second winding layer (L2) of a second slot group (104). [5] Winding (110) according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein input sections (122, 132, 142, 152) of the partial strands (130, 140, 150) and of the bridging partial strand (120) are received by slots of the second winding layer (L2) of the second slot group (104) and output sections (124, 134, 144, 154) of the partial strands (130, 140, 150) and of the bridging partial strand (120) are received by slots of the third winding layer of a third slot group. [6] Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first winding layer (L1) is formed as a radially outer winding layer, wherein the second winding layer (L2) is formed as a radially central winding layer and wherein the third winding layer (L3) is formed as a radially inner winding layer. [7] Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the slot groups (102, 104) of the plurality of slot groups in the circumferential direction of the laminated core (115) alternately accommodate exclusively output sections (124, 134, 144, 154) of partial strands (130, 140, 150) and bridging partial strands (120) and exclusively input sections (122, 132, 142, 152) of partial strands (130, 140, 150) and bridging partial strands (120). [8] Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a first portion of the partial strands (130, 140, 150) and the bridging partial strand (120) are wound in a first winding direction (R1) and wherein a second portion of the partial strands (130, 140, 150) and the bridging partial strand (120) are wound in a second winding direction (R2) opposite to the first winding direction (R1). [9] Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the connection side (112) of the winding (110) an additional connection section of an additional bridging sub-strand (160) exclusively spans the web (118) of the laminated core (115), wherein additional connection sections of an additional first sub-strand (170), an additional second sub-strand (180) and an additional third sub-strand (190) span the web (118), the additional bridging sub-strand (160) and the same number of slots of the laminated core (115). [10] Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the connection side (112) of the winding (110), a further connection section (166) of a further bridging sub-strand (161) exclusively spans a further web (128) of the laminated core (115), wherein further connection sections (176, 186, 196) of a further first sub-strand (171), a further second sub-strand (181) and a further third sub-strand (191) span the further web (128), the further bridging sub-strand (161) and the same number of slots of the laminated core (115). [11] Component (100) for an electrical machine (105) with a winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims and with the annular laminated core (115) with the plurality of groove groups (102, 104) extending axially through the laminated core (115) for receiving input sections (132, 142, 152) and output sections (134, 144, 154) of partial strands (130, 140, 150) of the winding (110) in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers (L1, L2, L3). [12] Electrical machine (105) with a component (100) according to claim 11, wherein the component (100) is designed as a stator or as a rotor of the electrical machine (105) and comprises a winding (110) according to one of claims 1 to 10. [13] Electric axle drive (710) for a motor vehicle (700) with at least one electric machine (105), a transmission device (706) and a power converter (704), characterized bythat the electrical machine (105) is designed according to claim 12. [14] Motor vehicle (700) comprising an electric machine (105) according to claim 12 and / or an electric axle drive (710) according to claim 13. [15] Method (600) for producing a winding (110) according to one of claims 1 to 10 for a component (100) according to claim 11, wherein the method (600) comprises the following steps: Inserting (605) the connecting section (126) of the bridging sub-strand (120) on the connecting side (112) of the winding (110) in order to span exclusively the web (118) of the laminated core (115); and Inserting (610) the connecting sections (136, 146, 156) of the first sub-strand (130), the second sub-strand (140) and the third sub-strand (150) on the connecting side (112) of the winding (110) in order to span the web (118), the bridging sub-strand (120) and an equal number of slots of the laminated core (115).

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