Cutting tool and method of manufacturing a machined product

Abstract

A cutting tool (1), comprising: a holder (2) which has a shape extending from a first end (2a) to a second end (2b) and has a screw hole (23) and a pocket (24), each of which is arranged on one side of the first end (2a), a cutting insert (3) which is arranged on the pocket (24), a clamping element (4) for fixing the cutting insert (3) to the pocket (24) and a flow path (5), wherein the clamping element (4) has a screw (41) which engages with the screw hole (23) and a first element (42) which engages with the cutting insert (3), the flow path (5) has a first flow path (51) which is arranged inside the holder (2) and a second flow path (52) which is arranged inside the first element (42) and is coupled to the first flow path (51), the second flow path (52) a first section (521) having an opening (526) arranged on a side coupled to the first flow path (51), and a second section (522) which has an outflow outlet (5b), the first element (42) a lower surface (431) which is opposite the holder (2), an upper surface (432) which is arranged on a side opposite the lower surface (431), a through hole (44) which is open in the upper surface (432) and the lower surface (431) and allows the insertion of the screw (41), and a first, projecting part (45) which extends from the lower surface (431) towards the holder (2) and engages with the cutting insert (3), wherein In a perspective top view, the second flow path (52) and the opening (526) are separated by a line segment (L1) that connects a center (S44a) of the through hole (44) with a center (S45a) of the first, projecting part (45).

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a cutting tool and a method of manufacturing a machined product. background

[0002] Numerous cutting tools incorporating a coolant supply mechanism have been proposed conventionally. A cutting tool incorporating a flow path within a clamping element has also been proposed, as in US 2007 / 0 283 794 A1.

[0003] In the cutting tool described in US 2007 / 0 283 794 A1, the clamping element comprises a clamp and a screw, which are intended to fix a cutting insert to a holder. The clamping element, which includes the screw, has a complex shape. The clamping element also requires high dimensional accuracy to ensure adequate clamping force and coolant supply capacity.

[0004] Furthermore, in the cutting tool described in US 2007 / 0 283 794 A1, since the flow path is arranged at a part of the clamp to which the cutting insert is clamped, the flow path is susceptible to deformation and the clamping force or the coolant supply performance is likely to be reduced.

[0005] Furthermore, from e.g. each of EP 3 112 063 A1 and US 2016 / 0 067 786 A1 a cutting tool is known, comprising: a holder having a shape extending from a first end to a second end, and having a screw hole and a pocket, each of which is arranged on one side of the first end, a cutting insert arranged on the pocket, a clamping element for fixing the cutting insert to the pocket and a flow path, wherein the clamping element has a screw which engages with the screw hole and a first element which engages with the cutting insert, the flow path has a first flow path which is arranged inside the holder, and a second flow path which is arranged inside the first element and is coupled to the first flow path.

[0006] Further cutting tools are known, for example, from JP S60 - 114 403 A, JP H03 - 92 206 A and WO 2016 / 043 029 A1.

[0007] It is an object of the present invention to improve a cutting tool having a coolant flow path provided in a clamping element of the cutting tool with regard to the cooling performance during the performance of cutting operations. Brief explanation

[0008] The object is achieved by a cutting tool having the features of claim 1. The object is further achieved by a method of producing a machined product having the features of claim 16.

[0009] Further embodiments of the cutting tool are described in the dependent claims. Short description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a side view showing a cutting tool in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the cutting tool of the Fig. 1 shows, Fig. 3 is a view when the cutting tool is in the Fig. 1 is viewed in the direction of a first end, Fig. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing enlarged components of the cutting tool of the Fig. 1 with the exception of the screw shows, Fig. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which the Fig. 4 components are assembled, ie, a perspective view when taken from a Fig. 4 viewed from a different direction, Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing, on an enlarged scale, a first element of the cutting tool in the Fig. 1 shows, Fig. 7 is a perspective view when the first element in the Fig. 6 viewed from a different direction, Fig. Figure 8 is a plan view showing the first element in the Fig. 6 shows, Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA in the Fig. 8, Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line BB in the Fig. 8, Fig. Fig. 11 is a plan view showing a state in which a second flow path and the like of the first member in the Fig. 8 shine through, Fig. 12 is a side view showing the first element in the Fig. 6 shows, Fig. Fig. 13 is a side view showing a state in which the second flow path and the like of the first member in the Fig. 12 shine through, Fig. 14 is a bottom view showing the first element in the Fig. 6 shows, Fig. 15 is a view when directed towards an outlet in the first element of the Fig. 6 considered, Fig. Figure 16 is a perspective view of a modified embodiment of the first element shown in the Fig. 6 is shown, Fig. 17 is a plan view showing the first element in the Fig. 16 shows, Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram showing one of the steps in a method of manufacturing a machined product in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram showing one of the steps in the method of manufacturing a machined product in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram showing one of the steps in the method of manufacturing a machined product in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure. EmbodimentsCutting tools

[0010] The cutting tools in various embodiments of the present disclosure are described below in detail with reference to the drawings. For descriptive purposes, each of the drawings referred to below shows, in a simplified form, only major elements necessary for describing the present embodiment. Thus, the cutting tools of the present disclosure are capable of including any structural elements not shown in the referenced drawings. Sizes of elements in each of the drawings are not those that truly show the sizes of the actual structural elements and size ratios of these elements. These points also apply to a method of manufacturing a machined product, which will be described later.

[0011] As it is in the Fig. As shown in Figures 1-5, the cutting tool 1 in one of the embodiments is a tool for use in a turning operation, in particular a threading operation. The cutting tool 1 comprises a holder 2, a cutting insert 3 (hereinafter also referred to as the "insert 3"), a clamping element 4, and a flow path 5. holder

[0012] The holder 2 has a shape which extends from a first end 2a to a second end 2b, as shown in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. In other words, the holder 2 has a columnar shape. The holder 2 in one of the embodiments has a quadrangular prismatic shape. The term "quadrilateral prismatic shape" is a concept that includes not only a strictly quadrangular prismatic shape, but also those with slight irregularities or curvatures. The shape of the holder 2 is not limited to the quadrangular prismatic shape.

[0013] The holder 2 in the embodiment has a head 21 located on one side of the first end 2a and a shank 22 located on one side of the second end 2b. The head 21 is a portion that allows the insert 3 to be attached. The shank 22 is a portion designed to be held by a machine tool.

[0014] The holder has a screw hole 23 which is arranged on one side of the first end 2a, as shown in the Fig. 4. The screw hole 23 has a screw groove. The screw hole 23 is a portion which engages with a screw 41 of the clamping element 4, as shown in the Fig. 3. The screw hole 23 is arranged on the head 21 in this embodiment.

[0015] The holder 2 has a pocket 24 located on one side of the first end 2a. The pocket 24 corresponds to a portion where the insert 3 is located. In this embodiment, the pocket 24 is located on the head 21 and corresponds to a recessed portion in the head 21. In particular, in the embodiment, the pocket 24 is the portion open in an end surface 25 on one side of the first end 2a and a first side surface 26 and a second side surface 27 in the holder 2.

[0016] In the embodiment, the holder 2 further includes a third side surface 28 in addition to the first side surface 26 and the second side surface 27. The first side surface 26 is adjacent to each of the second side surface 27 and the third side surface 28. The third side surface 28 is located on an opposite side of the second side surface 27.

[0017] For example, steel, cast iron and an aluminum alloy can be used as a material of the holder 2.

[0018] Dimensions of the holder 2 can be set to the following values, for example. A length of the holder 2 in a direction parallel to a longitudinal direction "a" of the holder 2 is, for example, 32-500 mm, as shown in the Fig. 2. A width of the holder 2 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction “a” is, for example, 10-50 mm. Cutting insert

[0019] The insert 3 is arranged on the pocket 24 as shown in the Fig. 3 to 5.

[0020] The insert 3 may be disposed on the pocket 24 with a plate member 8 interposed therebetween. In other words, the cutting tool 1 may further include the plate member 8 disposed between the insert 3 and the pocket 24. When this configuration is satisfied, the holder 2 is less likely to be damaged if the insert 3 breaks. Examples of a material of the plate member 8 include cemented carbides. Compositions of the cemented carbide will be described in detail when the material of the insert 3 is described later. Alternatively, the insert 3 may be disposed directly on the pocket 24 without interposing the plate member 8.

[0021] As it is in the Fig. 4, the insert 3 in the embodiment has a plate shape and comprises a first surface 31, a second surface 32, a third surface 33, a comb part 35, a cutting edge 34 arranged at least on a part of the comb part 35, and a hole part 36. The second surface 32 of the insert 3 is in contact with the plate element 8 in the embodiment shown in the Fig. 4. A portion of the third surface 33 of the insert 3 is in contact with a surface of the pocket 24.

[0022] The first surface 31 and the second surface 32 may be a surface having a triangular shape. The triangular shape must be approximately triangular, but need not be strictly triangular. The shapes of the first surface 31 and the second surface 32 may be any shape other than triangular, such as a quadrilateral, a pentagonal, a hexagonal, and an octagonal. At least a portion of the first surface 31 serves as a rake face along which chips flow during a cutting operation.

[0023] In the embodiment shown in the Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the third surface 33 is disposed between the first surface 31 and the second surface 32 and is connected to the first surface 31 and the second surface 32. The third surface 33 is formed of three surface regions corresponding to the three sides of each of the first surface 31 and the second surface 32, each having a triangular shape. At least a portion of the side surface 33 acts as a flank surface or clearance surface during the cutting process.

[0024] The cutting edge 34 is arranged on at least a portion of the comb portion 35 where the first surface 31 intersects the third surface 33. The insert 3 is arranged on the pocket 24 in a state in which the cutting edge 34 protrudes to one side of the first end 2a of the holder 2.

[0025] The hole portion 36 is a section located on the first surface 31 and configured to engage with a first protruding portion 45 of the first element 42, which will be described later. The hole portion 36 may or may not penetrate between the first surface 31 and the second surface 32.

[0026] As a material of the insert 3, for example, cemented carbide or cermet can be used. Examples of the cemented carbide may include WC-Co, WC-TiC-Co, or WC-TiC-TaC-Co. The WC-Co is produced by adding cobalt powder (Co powder) to tungsten carbide (WC), followed by sintering. The WC-TiC-Co is produced by adding titanium carbide (TiC) to WC-Co. The WC-TiC-TaC-Co is produced by adding tantalum carbide (TaC) to WC-TiC-Co. The cermet is a sintered composite material obtainable by combining metal and a ceramic component. Examples of the cermet include those mainly formed of a titanium composition, such as titanium carbide (TiC) or titanium nitride (TiN).

[0027] A surface of the insert 3 can be coated with a coating layer. Examples of the composition of the coating layer include titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbonitride (TiCN), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). For example, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD) method can be used as a method for depositing a coating layer.

[0028] The dimensions of the insert 3 can be set to the following values, for example. A length of one side of the first surface 31 and the second surface 32, each of which has a triangular shape, is, for example, 3-54 mm. A thickness from the first surface 31 to the second surface 32 is, for example, 2-10 mm. The insert 3 can be either a positive type or a negative type. clamping element

[0029] The clamping element 4 is an element which fixes the insert 3 to the pocket 24, as shown in the Fig. 3. The clamping element 4 includes a screw 41 and a first element (clamp) 42. The screw 41 is a member that engages with the screw hole 23 of the holder 2. The first element 42 is a member that allows insertion of the screw 41 to engage the insert 3.

[0030] The first element 42 has a lower surface 431, an upper surface 432, a through hole 44 and the first projecting part 45, as shown in the Fig. 6 to 15.

[0031] The lower surface 431 is a surface opposite the surface of the holder 2. The upper surface 432 is a surface located on an opposite side of the lower surface 431. In one embodiment, the first member 42 includes a main body 43, and the main body 43 includes the lower surface 431 and the upper surface 432. In the embodiment, the main body 43 further includes a side surface 438 located between the lower surface 431 and the upper surface 432.

[0032] The through hole 44 is open in the upper surface 432 and in the lower surface 431, as shown in the Fig. 6 and Fig. 7. The through hole 44 is a portion which allows insertion of the screw 41, as shown in the Fig. 3 is shown.

[0033] The first protruding part 45 is a portion which engages with the insert 3. The first protruding part 45 protrudes from the lower surface 431 toward the holder 2, as shown in the Fig. 7. In other words, the first protruding portion 45 protrudes downward from the bottom surface 431. In one embodiment, the first protruding portion 45 has an approximately hemispherical shape, located on one side of the first end 2a, and has a front end surface 45a having an approximately quadrilateral shape. In the embodiment, the first protruding portion 45 is configured to contact the hole portion 36 of the insert 3.

[0034] In the embodiment, the first projecting part 45 is engageable with the insert 3 by bringing the first projecting part 45 into contact with the hole part 36 of the insert 3, as shown in the Fig. 3. A part of the insert 3 that engages with the first protruding part 45 is not limited to the hole part 36, but may be, for example, a flat portion of the insert 3.

[0035] Examples of the material of the screw 41 and the first member 42 include hard alloys composed primarily of iron (Fe) and containing chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), and / or tungsten (W). Specific examples thereof include chromium-molybdenum steel, such as SCM440. Flow path

[0036] The flow path 5 acts as a section through which a coolant (cooling fluid) can flow. Examples of the coolant include water-insoluble cutting fluids and water-soluble cutting fluids. Examples of the water-insoluble cutting fluids include oil-based cutting fluids, inert-extreme-pressure-based cutting fluids, and active-extreme-pressure-based cutting fluids. Examples of the water-soluble cutting fluids include emulsion-type, soluble-type, and solution-type cutting fluids. Alternatively, the coolant may be a gas, such as an inert gas, instead of a liquid.

[0037] The flow path in one of the embodiments as shown in the Fig. 4, has an inflow inlet 5a and an outflow outlet 5b. The inflow inlet 5a serves as a portion that allows the coolant supplied from the outside to flow into the flow path 5. In one embodiment, the inflow inlet 5a is open in the third side surface 28 of the holder 2. The outflow outlet 5b is a portion that allows the coolant to flow out in a direction toward the insert 3. In the embodiment, the outflow outlet 5b is open in the first end 2a of the first member 42.

[0038] The position and number of the inlet ports 5a are not limited to the above embodiment. That is, the inlet port 5a may be open in the first side surface 26 of the holder 2, and a plurality of inlet ports 5a may be arranged. In the case of having a plurality of inlet ports 5a, the inlet port 5a to be used can be selected depending on the machining environment. The inlet port 5a, which is not required for use, must be sealed with a detachable sealing member to prevent coolant leakage.

[0039] An inner diameter D1 of the discharge outlet 5b in a direction approximately orthogonal to a central axis S44 (see the Fig. 6) of the through hole 44 may be larger than an inner diameter D2 of the discharge outlet 5b in a direction approximately parallel to the central axis S44, as shown in the Fig. 15. When this configuration is satisfied, the coolant can flow out from the discharge outlet 5b in a cross-distribution state while ensuring a flow rate. Thus, it is possible to adequately spray the coolant to an area requiring cooling even for a wide area of ​​the insert 3. The central axis S44 of the through-hole 44 can be obtained by considering a center S44a of the inner diameter of the through-hole 44 as continuous. The inner diameter D1 is, for example, 1-5 mm. The inner diameter D2 is, for example, 0.5-2.5 mm.

[0040] The flow path 5 has a first flow path 51 and a second flow path 52, as shown in the Fig. 4. The first flow path 51 is arranged inside the holder 2. The second flow path 52 is arranged inside the first member 42 and coupled to the first flow path 51. The flow path 5 may further include a third flow path 53. The third flow path 53 is a flow path for coupling the first flow path 51 to the second flow path 52. When the flow path 5 further includes the third flow path 53, the second flow path 52 is coupled to the first flow path 51 with the third flow path 53 interposed therebetween.

[0041] As it is in the Fig. 11, in a perspective top view, the second flow path 52 is separated by a line segment L1 connecting the center S44a of the through hole 44 with a center S45a of the first protruding part 45.

[0042] With the above configuration, the second flow path 52 can be arranged at a part of the first member 42 that does not press the insert 3, and therefore the flow path 5 is less likely to be deformed. Specifically, the line segment L1 is a line connecting the center S45a of the first protruding portion 45 that engages the insert 3 and the center S44a of the through-hole 44 that allows insertion of the screw 41 for fixing the insert 3 to the holder 2, as described above. In other words, an edge portion of the line segment L1 in the first member 42 can mainly perform a clamping function.

[0043] The second flow path 52 is separated from the line segment L1 in one of the embodiments as described above. Specifically, the second flow path 52 is arranged without intersecting the line segment L1 corresponding to the part that primarily performs the clamping function. Therefore, the flow path 5 is less likely to be pressed due to the presence of the flow path 5 at a part that performs the clamping function as described above. Consequently, the cutting tool 1 has both good clamping force and good coolant supply performance.

[0044] The above-mentioned "top perspective view" refers to a view through the first element 42 in a direction toward the upper surface 432. In one embodiment, the front end surface 45a of the first protruding part 45 has an approximately quadrilateral shape. Consequently, the line segment L1 can be obtained by using the center S45a of the front end surface 45, which has a quadrilateral shape, as the center S45 of the first protruding part 45.

[0045] A central axis S52 of the second flow path 52 does not have to intersect a virtual straight line L2 in the perspective top view inside the insert 3, which passes through the center S44a of the through hole 44 and the center S45 of the first protruding part 45, as shown in the Fig. 11. When this configuration is satisfied, the flow path 52 can be arranged at a part of the first member 42 that does not press the insert 3, and the flow path 5 is therefore less likely to be deformed. The central axis S52 of the second flow path 52 can be obtained by considering a center of an inner diameter of the second flow path 52 as continuous.

[0046] In the perspective view, as shown in the Fig. As shown in Figure 11, at least a portion of the first protruding portion 45 need not overlap with the second flow path 52. In other words, in the perspective top view, the first protruding portion 45 may have a portion that does not overlap with the second flow path 52. When this configuration is satisfied, the flow path 5 is less likely to be deformed.

[0047] In a perspective top view, as in a modified embodiment shown in the Fig. 17, the entirety of the first protruding part 45 does not overlap with the second flow path 52. When this configuration is met, the flow path 5 is significantly less likely to be deformed. Unless otherwise stated, these modified embodiments shown in the Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 have the same configuration as the embodiment shown in the Fig. 6 is shown.

[0048] The first element 42 may further comprise a second projecting portion 46 as shown in Fig. 7. The second, projecting part 46 in one of the embodiments shown in the Fig. 7, protrudes from the lower surface 431 toward the holder 2. In other words, the second protruding part 46 protrudes downward from the lower surface 431. The second protruding part 46 is inserted into the screw hole 23, as shown in Fig. 3. The second projecting part 46 has an opening 441 of the through hole 44, which is arranged on one side of the lower surface 431, as shown in the Fig. 7. Positioning of the first element 42 relative to the holder 2 can be simplified if the first element 42 has the second, protruding part 46.

[0049] The first element 42 may further comprise a third projecting part 47 as shown in the Fig. 7. The third protruding part 47 serves as a portion coupled to the first flow path 51 or the third flow path 53, as shown in the Fig. 4. The third projecting part 47 has an opening 526 of the second flow path 52, which is coupled to the first flow path 51, as shown in the Fig. 7. A part of the second flow path 52 is arranged on the third protruding part 47. The third protruding part 47 protrudes from the lower surface 431 toward the holder 2. In other words, the third protruding part 47 protrudes downward from the lower surface 431. The third protruding part 47 may be arranged closer to the second end 2b than the through-hole 44, as shown in Fig. 14 is shown.

[0050] The holder 2 may further comprise a recess 29 into which the third, projecting part 47 fits, as shown in the Fig. 4. A specific configuration of the recess 29 will be described in detail later. Positioning of the first element 42 relative to the holder 2 can be simplified if the first element 42 has the third protruding part 47 and the holder 2 has the recess 29.

[0051] The second flow path 52 may include a first portion 521 and a second portion 522. The first portion 521 is capable of connecting to the first flow path 51 or the third flow path 53 and is disposed on the third protruding portion 47. A portion of the first portion 521 may be disposed on the main body 43. The second portion 522 extends from the first portion 521 toward the first end 2a and includes the outflow outlet 5b.

[0052] In one embodiment, the second portion 522 is disposed on (in) the main body 43. The first portion 521 may be directly connected to the second portion 522, or alternatively, another portion may be disposed therebetween. In one embodiment, the first portion 521 is connected to the second portion 522 by interposing a third portion 525, which will be described later. An inner diameter of the first portion 521 is, for example, 4-8 mm. An inner diameter of the second portion 522 is, for example, 2-4 mm.

[0053] The discharge outlet 5b may be arranged closer to the first end 2a than the first projecting part 45, as shown in the Fig. 12. When this configuration is satisfied, the discharge outlet 5b may be arranged at a position closer to the insert 3.

[0054] The Fig. 15 corresponds to a representation when the first element 42 is viewed along a central axis S522 of the second section 522, which in the Fig. 11. The discharge outlet 5b may be arranged further outward than the first projecting part 45 when viewed along the central axis S522, as shown in the Fig. 15. When this configuration is satisfied, the first protruding part 45 itself is less likely to be deformed, and the flow path 5 is less likely to be deformed. This leads to a further improvement in the durability of the first member 42. The central axis S522 of the second portion 522 can be obtained by considering a center of an inner diameter of the second portion 522 as continuous.

[0055] As it is in the Fig. 12, the lower surface 431 may include a first region 433 located closer to the first end 2a than the first protruding part 45, and a second region 434 located closer to the second end 2b than the first protruding part 45 and located above the first region 433.

[0056] When this configuration is satisfied, it can be concluded that the second portion 522, which includes the discharge outlet 5b in the second flow path 52 located on the first element 42, extends to a portion corresponding to the first region 433, which is relatively lower. This makes it possible to arrange the discharge outlet 5b at a position closer to the insert 3 while ensuring the clamping force.

[0057] Furthermore, since the first member 42 has the portion corresponding to the first region 433 located closer to the first end 2a than the first protruding part 45, stresses exerted by pressing the insert 3 can be distributed, and the first protruding part 45 itself is less likely to be deformed. This also leads to an improvement in the durability of the first member 42. Alternatively, the first region 433 may be located above the first protruding part 45.

[0058] As it is in the Fig. 15, when viewed along the central axis S522, a part of the outflow outlet 5b may be arranged lower than the second region 434. When this configuration is satisfied, the outflow outlet 5b can be brought closer to the cutting edge 34 of the insert 3, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0059] The first element 42 may further comprise a connecting part 48 which is arranged on one side of the lower surface 431 and is designed to connect the second projecting part 46 to the third projecting part 47, as shown in the Fig. 14. When this configuration is satisfied, it is possible to improve a strength of the first member 42, and a positioning operation becomes easier.

[0060] In a bottom view, a length L48 extending the part 48 in a direction orthogonal to a line segment L4 connecting a center S46 of the second projecting part 46 to a center S47 of the third projecting part 47 may be smaller than each of a diameter D44 of the opening 441 of the through-hole 44 disposed on one side of the lower surface 431 and a diameter D52 of the opening 526 of the second flow path 52 coupled to the first flow path 51, as shown in FIG. Fig. 14 is shown.

[0061] When the above configuration is satisfied, it is possible to ensure that a portion 461a of an outer edge 461 of the second protruding part 46 is not connected to the connecting part 48. Since a portion of the portion 461a located on one side of the first protruding part 45 serves as a guide when the insert 3 is clamped, it is possible to improve the positioning accuracy by the first member 42. The length L48 is, for example, 3.5-5 mm. The diameter D44 is, for example, 4-7 mm. The diameter D52 is, for example, 4-8 mm.

[0062] As it is in the Fig. As shown in FIG. 14, the opening 441 of the through-hole 44, which is located on one side of the bottom surface 431, and the opening 526 of the second flow path 52, which is located on a side coupled to the first flow path 51, can be located closer to the second end 2b than the first protruding part 45. The opening 441 and the opening 526 are less likely to be deformed when the opening 441 and the opening 526 are respectively located at the above-mentioned positions. Consequently, the first member 42 can be stably fixed to the holder 2 using the screw 41, and the coolant is less likely to leak between the first flow path 51 and the second flow path 52.

[0063] As it is in the Fig. 6 and Fig. 11, the first element 42 may further comprise a first part 435 and a second part 436, each of which extends from one side of the first end 2a to one side of the second end 2b. As shown in the Fig. As shown in Figure 15, a thickness T436 of the second portion 436 may be greater than a thickness T435 of the first portion 435. The through-hole 44 may be disposed on the first portion 435. At least a portion of the second flow path 52 may be disposed on the second portion 436.

[0064] When these configurations are satisfied, the through-hole 44 is arranged at the first part 435, which has a relatively small thickness. This makes it possible to reduce excessive contact between an inner wall 442 of the through-hole 44 and the screw 41. The screw 41 is therefore less likely to break, while the clamping force is ensured by the first protruding part 45. Moreover, since at least a part of the second flow path 52 is arranged at the second part 436, which has a relatively large thickness, the coolant can be sprayed by further increasing an inclination angle of the second flow path 52. This leads to a further improvement in the clamping force and the coolant supply performance.

[0065] The upper surface 432 may have an inclined surface 437, as shown in the Fig. 6. The inclined surface 437 is a surface located between the first part 435 and the second part 436, and which is inclined downward as it moves from the second part 436 toward the first part 435. An opening 443 of the through-hole 44, located on one side of the upper surface 432, may have a tapered shape.

[0066] The opening 443 may have a first region 444 disposed on the first part 435 and a second region 445 disposed on the inclined surface 437. The second region 445 may have a portion 445a having a larger taper angle than that of the first region 444, as shown in FIGS. Fig. 8 and Fig. 10. For example, in particular, the second region 445 may include, starting from the bottom in order, a portion of the first region 444 having a taper angle Θ3 and a portion 445a having a taper angle Θ4.

[0067] If these configurations are met, a transition region between the first part 435 and the second part 436 can be reduced to ensure a degree of freedom in the design of the flow path. The taper angle Θ3 of the first region 444 is, for example, 15-45°. The taper angle Θ4 of the second region 445, which includes the section 445a, is, for example, 45-75°.

[0068] The first element may further comprise a concavity 49 which is arranged above the second flow path 52 and extends from an end portion at one side of the first end 2a towards one side of the second end 2b in the first element 42, as in a modified embodiment shown in the Fig. 16 and Fig. 17. Chips are less likely to come into contact with the first element 42 when the first element 42 has the curvature 49. This results in improved durability of the first element 42.

[0069] In cases where the first element 42 has the curvature 49, the curvature 49 does not have to overlap with the first projecting part 45, as shown in the Fig. 17. A thickness of the first protruding part 45 can be ensured to obtain a clamping force when the bulge 49 does not overlap with the first protruding part 45 in a perspective plan view (perspective plan view).

[0070] As it is in the Fig. As shown in Figure 11, in a perspective top view, the central axis S522 of the second portion 522 of the second flow path 52 may intersect the virtual straight line L2 at an outer side of the insert 3. When this configuration is satisfied, the flow path 5 is significantly less likely to be deformed due to the presence of the flow path 5 at a part that primarily performs the clamping function.

[0071] The second section 522 of the second flow path 52 may include a first sub-flow path 523 and a second sub-flow path 524, as shown in the Fig. 11 and Fig. 13. The first sub-flow path 523 is a flow path located on one side of the second end 2b and coupled to the first portion 521. The second sub-flow path 524 is a flow path coupled to the first sub-flow path 523 and having the discharge outlet 5b.

[0072] A height of the first sub-flow path 523 may be kept constant. The height of the first sub-flow path 523 must be kept substantially constant. The second sub-flow path 524 may be inclined downward as it approaches the first end 2a. The first sub-flow path 523 and the second sub-flow path 524 may extend in a rectilinear shape.

[0073] As it is in the Fig. As shown in FIG. 11, in a perspective top view, a second angle Θ2 formed by the virtual straight line L3 parallel to the line segment L1 and the second sub-flow path 524 may be larger than a first angle Θ1 formed by the virtual straight line L3 parallel to the line segment L1 and the first sub-flow path 523. When this configuration is satisfied, a degree of freedom in the design of the first member 42 can be improved while maintaining the coolant supply performance and the clamping force, thereby providing applicability in a wider range of machining conditions.

[0074] The first angle Θ1 can be determined, for example, by considering, as the first angle Θ1, an angle formed by the virtual straight line L3 and a line X1 obtained by extending the central axis S523 of the first sub-flow path 523, which is located on one side of the first end 2a, in an outward direction from the first member 42. In the same way, the second angle Θ2 can be determined, for example, by considering, as the second angle Θ2, an angle formed by the virtual straight line L3 and a line X2 obtained by extending a central axis S524 of the second sub-flow path 524, which is located on one side of the second end 2a, in an outward direction from the first member 42.

[0075] The central axis S523 can be obtained, for example, by considering a center of an inner diameter of the first sub-flow path 523, which is located on one side of the first end 2a, as continuous. Similarly, the central axis S524 can be obtained, for example, by considering a center of an inner diameter of the second sub-flow path 524, which is located on the side of the first end 2a, as continuous. A portion of the first sub-flow path 523, which is located on one side of the first end 2a, and a portion of the second sub-flow path 524, which is located on one side of the first end 2a, extend in a rectilinear shape. The first angle Θ1 is, for example, 10-40°. The second angle Θ2 is, for example, 25-40°.

[0076] The outflow outlet 5b may be arranged at a portion of the first element 42 corresponding to the first region 433, as shown in the Fig. 7. The through-hole 44 and the third protruding portion 47 in the first member 42 may be arranged at a portion of the first member 42 corresponding to the second region 434.

[0077] As it is in the Fig. 11, the second portion 522 of the second flow path 52 may pass the first protruding portion 45 and may be arranged over a portion of the first element 42 which, in a perspective top view, extends from the second region 434 to the first region 433. The second portion 522, the outflow outlet 5b, and the third protruding portion 47 may be arranged on the same side relative to the virtual straight line L2. For example, the second portion 522, the outflow outlet 5b, and the third protruding portion 47 are arranged on a lower right side relative to the virtual straight line L2 in a modified embodiment shown in Fig. 17 is shown.

[0078] With the above configurations, the following effects can be achieved. The discharge outlet 5b can be arranged at a position closer to the insert 3 while ensuring the clamping force, because the second portion 522, which includes the discharge outlet 5b in the second flow path 52 and is arranged on the first member 42, extends to a portion corresponding to the first region 433 while extending further toward the first end 2a than the first protruding portion 45.

[0079] Furthermore, in cases where the second portion 522 of the second flow path 52 passes the first protruding portion 45, and the second portion 522, the discharge outlet 5b, and the third protruding portion 47 are located on the same side relative to the virtual straight line L2, the second portion 522, the discharge outlet 5b, and the third protruding portion 47 may be located at a part of the first member 42 that does not press the insert 3. Therefore, the flow path 5 is less likely to be deformed. Consequently, the cutting tool 1 has both good clamping force and good coolant supply performance.

[0080] The second section 522 must, in a perspective top view, substantially extend past the first protruding part 45. In particular, at least the central axis S522 of the second section 522 must extend past the first protruding part 45.

[0081] When determining a side where the second portion 522 is located relative to the virtual straight line L2, for example, a determination may be made that a side on which the central axis S522 of the second portion 522 is located relative to the virtual line L2 is the side on which the second portion 522 is located relative to the virtual line L2. When determining a side where the exhaust outlet 5b is located relative to the virtual straight line L2, for example, a determination may be made that a side where the central axis S5b of the exhaust outlet 5b is located relative to the virtual straight line L2 is the side where the exhaust outlet 5b is located relative to the virtual straight line L2.

[0082] The second flow path 52 can be formed, for example, by a drilling process using a drill or the like. A portion of a hole formed by the drilling process that does not function as the second flow path 52 must be sealed with a sealing member to prevent coolant from leaking out. Examples of the sealing member include solder, resin, or screw elements. These points also apply to the first flow path 51.

[0083] The cutting tool 1 may further comprise a tube 6, a first sealing element 71 having a ring shape and arranged between the first flow path 51 and the tube 6, and a second sealing element 72 having a ring shape and arranged between the second flow path 52 and the tube 6, as shown in the Fig. 4. The tube 6 is inserted into each of the first flow path 51 and the second flow path 52. The tube 6 has the third flow path 53 therein, which is coupled to the first flow path 51 and the second flow path 52. When these configurations are satisfied, the good clamping force and good coolant supply performance can be achieved through a simple configuration.

[0084] In one embodiment, a first end portion 6a of the tube 6 is arranged in the first flow path 51, and a second end portion 6b thereof is arranged in the second flow path 52. The first sealing element 71 engages with an outer edge portion of the first end portion 6a. The second sealing element engages with an outer edge portion of the second end portion 6b.

[0085] Examples of the first sealing element 71 and the second sealing element 72 include O-rings. The first sealing element 71 and the second sealing element 72 may have identical or different configurations.

[0086] In one embodiment, the tube 6 has a cylindrical shape. The term "cylindrical shape" is a concept that encompasses not only a strictly cylindrical shape, but also those with slight irregularities or curvatures. The shape of the tube 6 is not limited to the cylindrical shape.

[0087] Examples of the material of the tube 6 include stainless steel, steel, and resin. A length of the tube 6 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tube 6 can be, for example, 10-20 mm. An outer diameter of the tube 6 can be, for example, 3-7 mm. An inner diameter of the tube can be, for example, 1-4 mm.

[0088] The third projecting part 47 of the first element 42 may have an opening 471 which allows insertion of the second end portion 6b of the tube 6, as shown in the Fig. 10 and Fig. 13. Alternatively, the third protruding part 47 may include a portion 472 whose inner diameter decreases as it moves away from the first opening 471. When this configuration is met, the portion 472 has a tapered shape, resulting in a smooth insertion of the second end portion 6b of the tube into the second flow path 52.

[0089] The third protruding portion 47 may include a portion 473 coupled to the portion 472 and having a constant inner diameter. When this configuration is satisfied, a portion of the tube 6 located near the second end portion 6b is less likely to move, thus resulting in a stable coupling state between the tube 6 and the second flow path 52.

[0090] The second section 522 of the second flow path 52 may be coupled to the first section 521 with the third part 525 arranged therebetween. In other words, the second flow path 52 may include the section 525 connecting the first section 521 to the second section 522. An inner diameter of the third section 525 may be smaller than the outer diameter of the tube 6.

[0091] When the above configuration is satisfied, the tube 6 is less likely to move inward of the first member 42 (main body 43) beyond the third part 525, and the tube 6 is less likely to exit from one side of the first member 42. In cases where the third part 525 has a cylindrical shape, an inner diameter of the third part 525 is, for example, 4-5 mm. In cases where the third part 525 does not have a cylindrical shape, a cross-sectional area of ​​the third part 525 is, for example, 12-20 mm. 2 .

[0092] As it is in the Fig. 13, each of a cross-sectional area of ​​the second sub-flow path 524 and a cross-sectional area of ​​the first sub-flow path 523 may be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third part 525. Further, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second sub-flow path 524 may be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first sub-flow path 523. When this configuration is satisfied, it is possible to reduce a pressure loss of the coolant due to a diameter change in the flow path 5 (a coupling between the individual flow paths).

[0093] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first sub-flow path 523 is, for example, 3-10 mm 2 . The cross-sectional area of ​​the second sub-flow path 524 is, for example, 1.8-3 mm 2 . In cases where the first sub-flow path 523 has the cylindrical shape, the inner diameter of the first sub-flow path 523 is, for example, 2-3.5 mm.

[0094] As it is in the Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the holder 2 may have a recess 29 in which a portion of the first flow path 51 is disposed. Alternatively, the recess 29 may have an opening 291 that allows insertion of the first end portion 6a of the tube 6 and the third protruding portion 47 of the first element 42.

[0095] The recess 29 may comprise, starting from a first side, in sequence the opening 291, a portion 292 which receives therein the third projecting part 47 of the first element 42, and a portion 293 which can receive therein the first end portion 6a of the tube 6.

[0096] The recess 29 may include a portion 294 that is remote from the opening 291 and has an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the tube 6. When this configuration is met, the tube 6 is less likely to move into the holder 2 via the portion 294 and is less likely to exit from one side of the holder 2. An inner diameter of the first flow path 51, which includes a portion located at the opening 29, is, for example, 6-10 mm. Method of manufacturing a machined product

[0097] Methods of manufacturing a machined product in various embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the Fig. 18 to 20 described in detail.

[0098] The method of manufacturing the machined product in one of the embodiments comprises the following steps: (1) Rotate the workpiece 100 as shown in Fig. 18 is shown, (2) Bringing the cutting tool 1 into contact with the workpiece 100 which is rotated as shown in the Fig. 19 is shown, and (3) Separating the cutting tool 1 from the workpiece 100 as shown in the Fig. 20 is shown.

[0099] In particular, as it is in the Fig. 18, the workpiece 100 is first rotated based on its rotation axis O. Examples of the material of the workpiece 100 include carbon steel, steel alloys, stainless steel, cast iron, and non-ferrous metals.

[0100] Subsequently, the cutting tool 1 is brought relatively close to the workpiece 100, which is rotated, by moving the cutting tool 1 in an arrow direction Z1.

[0101] As it is in the Fig. As shown in Fig. 19, the workpiece 100 is then cut by bringing the cutting edge 34 of the cutting tool 1 into contact with the workpiece 100, which is being rotated. Alternatively, the workpiece 100 may be cut while causing the coolant to flow out of the discharge outlet 5b.

[0102] Finally, the cutting tool 1 is moved relatively far away from the workpiece 100 to obtain the machined workpiece 110 by moving the cutting tool 1 in an arrow direction Z2 as shown in the Fig. 20 is shown.

[0103] With the method of manufacturing a machined product in any of the embodiments, the use of the cutting tool 1 enables the workpiece 100 to be machined while achieving good clamping force and good coolant supply performance. Machining, which has a high-precision machined surface, can be performed over a long period of time.

[0104] Although in one embodiment, the machined product 110 can be obtained by moving the cutting tool 1, it is not intended to be limited thereto. For example, in step (1), the workpiece 100 can be brought close to the cutting tool 1. Similarly, in step (3), the workpiece 100 can be moved away from the cutting tool 1. If it is desired to continue the cutting process, it is necessary to perform the step of bringing the cutting edge 34 into contact with various portions of the workpiece 100 while continuing to rotate the workpiece 100.

[0105] While the cutting tools 1 and the methods of manufacturing the machined product 110 in the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above by way of example, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. It is of course possible to make any arbitrary modifications as long as they do not deviate from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0106] For example, although the above embodiments exemplify the turning tool as the cutting tool 1, the embodiments in the present disclosure are not limited to this. For example, the cutting tool 1 may be a milling tool.

[0107] The singular forms “a” and “the” include the plural forms thereof throughout the revelation, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. List of reference symbols 1 cutting tool 2 holders 2a first end 2b second end 2c upper surface 21 head 22 shaft 23 screw hole 24 bags 25 End face 26 first side surface 27 second side surface 28 third side surface 29 recess 291 Opening Section 292 Section 293 Section 294 3 cutting insert 31 first area 32 second area 33 third area 34 cutting edge 35 comb part 36 hole part 4 clamping element 41 Screw 42 first element 43 main body 431 lower surface 433 first area 434 second area 432 upper surface 437 inclined surface 435 first part 436 second part 438 side area 44 through hole 441 Opening 442 interior wall 443 Opening 444 first area 445 second area Section 445a 45 first, preceding part 45a front end face 46 second, preceding part 461 outer edge Section 461a 47 third, preceding part 471 Opening Section 472 Section 473 48 connecting part 49 Curvature 5 Flow path 5a Inlet 5b Outlet 51 first flow path 52 second flow path 521 first section 522 second section 523 first sub-flow path 524 second sub-flow path 525 third section 526 Opening 53 third flow path 6 pipe 6a first final section 6b second end section 71 first sealing element 72 second sealing element 8 plate element D1 Inner diameter of the outlet D2 further inner diameter of the outlet D44 Diameter of the through hole opening D52 Diameter of the opening of the second flow path L1 Line segment connecting a center of the through hole with a center of the first protruding part L2 virtual straight line through the center of the through hole and the center of the first protruding part connects L3 virtual straight line parallel to the line segment L4 Line segment through the middle of the second projecting part and the middle of the third projecting part L48 length T435 Thickness of the first part T436 Thickness of the second part S44 central axis of the through hole S44a Center of the through hole S45 Middle of the first protruding part S45a Middle of the first protruding part S46 Middle of the second, protruding part S47 Middle of the third, protruding part S5b central axis S52 central axis of the second flow path S522 central axis of the second section S523 central axis of the first sub-flow path S524 central axis of the second sub-flow path X1 Extension of the central axis of the first sub-flow path X2 Extension of the central axis of the second sub-flow path Θ1 first angle formed by the virtual straight line and the first sub-flow path Θ2 second angle formed by the virtual straight line and the second sub-flow path Θ3 taper angle of the first area Θ4 taper angle of the section 100 workpieces 110 machined or machined product

Claims

[1] A cutting tool (1), comprising: a holder (2) having a shape extending from a first end (2a) to a second end (2b) and having a screw hole (23) and a pocket (24), each of which is arranged on one side of the first end (2a), a cutting insert (3) which is arranged on the pocket (24), a clamping element (4) for fixing the cutting insert (3) to the pocket (24) and a flow path (5), wherein the clamping element (4) has a screw (41) which engages with the screw hole (23) and a first element (42) which engages with the cutting insert (3), the flow path (5) comprises a first flow path (51) arranged inside the holder (2) and a second flow path (52) arranged inside the first element (42) and coupled to the first flow path (51), the second flow path (52) has a first portion (521) having an opening (526) arranged on a side coupled to the first flow path (51), and a second section (522) having an outlet (5b), the first element (42) has a lower surface (431) opposite the holder (2), an upper surface (432) arranged on an opposite side of the lower surface (431), a through hole (44) which is open in the upper surface (432) and the lower surface (431) and allows insertion of the screw (41), and a first projecting part (45) which projects from the lower surface (431) towards the holder (2) and engages with the cutting insert (3), wherein in a perspective top view, the second flow path (52) and the opening (526) are separated by a line segment (L1) connecting a center (S44a) of the through-hole (44) to a center (S45a) of the first protruding part (45). [2] The cutting tool (1) according to claim 1, wherein in the perspective plan view, a central axis (S5b) of the second flow path (52) does not intersect a virtual straight line (L2) passing through the center (S44a) of the through hole (44) and the center (S45a) of the first protruding part (45). [3] The cutting tool (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first member (42) further comprises a second protruding part (46), the second protruding part (46) protruding from the lower surface (431) toward the holder (2) and fitting into the screw hole (23), and the second protruding part (46) having an opening (441) of the through hole (44) disposed on one side of the lower surface (431). [4] The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3, wherein the first element (42) further comprises a third projecting part (47), wherein the third projecting part (47) projects from the lower surface (431) towards the holder (2) and the third projecting part (47) has an opening (443) of the second flow path (52) which is coupled to the first flow path (51), and the holder (2) further has a recess (29) into which the third, projecting part (47) fits. [5] The cutting tool (1) according to claim 4, wherein the first portion (521) is arranged on the third projecting part (47) and the second portion (522) extends from the first portion (521) toward one side of the first end (2a). [6] The cutting tool (1) according to claim 5, wherein the discharge outlet (5b) is arranged closer to the first end (2a) than the first projecting part (45). [7] The cutting tool (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the second section (522) has a first sub-flow path (523) coupled to the first section (521) and a second sub-flow path (524) coupled to the first sub-flow path (523) and having the outflow outlet (5b), and in a perspective top view, a second angle (Θ2) formed by a virtual straight line (L3) parallel to the line segment (L1) and the second sub-flow path (524) is greater than a first angle (Θ1) formed by a virtual straight line parallel to the line segment (L1) and the first sub-flow path (523). [8] The cutting tool (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the first member (42) further comprises a connecting part (48) which is arranged on one side of the lower surface (431) and connects the second projecting part (46) to the third projecting part (47). [9] The cutting tool (1) according to claim 8, wherein, in a bottom view, a length of the connecting part (48) in a direction orthogonal to a line section connecting a center of the second projecting part (46) to a center of the third projecting part (47) is smaller than each of a diameter (D44) of the opening (441) of the through hole (44) located on the lower surface (431) side and a diameter (D52) of the opening (443) of the second flow path (52) coupled to the first flow path (51). [10] The cutting tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the opening (431) of the through hole (44) located on the lower surface (431) side and the opening (443) of the second flow path (52) coupled to the first flow path (51) are located closer to the second end (2b) side than the first projecting part (45). [11] The cutting tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein in the perspective plan view at least a part of the first protruding part (45) does not overlap with the second flow path (52). [12] The cutting tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the lower surface (431) of the first element (42) has a first region (433) which is arranged closer to the first end (2a) than the first projecting part (45), and a second region (434) which is arranged closer to the second end (2b) than the first projecting part (45) and which is arranged above the first region (433). [13] The cutting tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first element (42) further comprises a first part (435) and a second part (436), each of which extends from one side of the first end (2a) towards one side of the second end (2b), wherein a thickness (T436) of the second part (436) is greater than a thickness (T435) of the first part (435) and the through-hole (44) is arranged on the first part (435) and at least a part of the second flow path (52) is arranged in the second part (436). [14] The cutting tool (1) according to claim 13, wherein the upper surface (432) of the first element (42) has an inclined surface (437) which is arranged between the first part (435) and the second part (436) and is inclined downwards from the second part (436) towards the first part (435), the opening of the through-hole (44), which is arranged on the upper surface (432), has a tapered shape and has a first portion (444) arranged on the first part (435) and a second portion (445) arranged on the inclined surface (437), and the second region (445) has a section which has a larger taper angle than that of the first region (444). [15] The cutting tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, further comprising: a pipe (6) inserted into each of the first flow path (51) and the second flow path (52) and having therein a third flow path (53) coupled to the first flow path (51) and the second flow path (52), a first ring sealing element (71) arranged between the first flow path (51) and the pipe (6), and a second ring sealing element (72) arranged between the second flow path (52) and the pipe (6). [16] A method of manufacturing a machined product (110), comprising: Rotating a workpiece (100), Bringing a cutting tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15 into contact with the workpiece (100) which is rotated, and Separating the cutting tool (1) from the workpiece (100).

Images