Transport anchor with elastic holding strand

Abstract

The invention relates to a transport anchor, in particular for hollow walls or double or multiple concrete walls, each with opposing concrete shells, wherein the transport anchor comprises: - a load-bearing bracket (100) with at least two anchoring legs (101), wherein at least one anchoring leg (101) is assigned to a concrete shell or concrete wall, - a load-bearing bracket central section (103) via which the at least two anchoring legs (101) are connected to each other, wherein external load-bearing and / or transport means can be coupled to or engaged with the load-bearing bracket central section (103), - at least one cross member (200a,b,c) or other spacer device, which is arranged transversely or obliquely with respect to a longitudinal direction of the anchoring legs (101) or a body axis of the transport anchor to absorb compressive or tensile loads between the anchoring legs (101), wherein the cross member (200a,b,c) or other spacer device is slidably displaceable on the anchoring legs (101) and / or is attached in a friction-fit configuration, comprising at least one retaining strand (300) made of elastically reversible material which detachably encompasses the load-bearing central section (103) and the cross strut (200a,b,c) or other spacer device and / or the at least two anchoring legs (101).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a transport anchor, in particular for hollow walls or double or multiple concrete walls each with opposing concrete shells, wherein the transport anchor comprises the following: a load bracket with at least two anchoring legs, wherein at least one anchoring leg is assigned to a concrete shell or concrete wall, a load bracket middle section, via which the at least two anchoring legs are connected to one another, wherein external load-bearing and / or transport means can be coupled or engaged with the load bracket middle section, at least one cross strut or other spacer device which is arranged to absorb compressive or tensile loads between the anchoring legs transversely or obliquely with respect to a longitudinal direction of the anchoring legs or a body axis of the transport anchor, wherein the cross strut or other spacer device is attached to the anchoring legs in a sliding manner and / or in a frictionally engaged manner.

[0002] The invention also relates to a method for handling such a transport anchor, the use of a holding strand made of elastically reversible material and / or a cross strut for mounting a transport anchor.

[0003] Double walls and other precast concrete elements are prepared in precast concrete plants for use on construction sites. Transport to the construction site requires lifting anchors, which are cast into the concrete. The lifting anchors for transporting double walls can be bent from bar steel or coiled steel. The bracing of the lifting anchors can be improved by attaching additional struts to the steel.

[0004] In the prior art, namely DE 10 2018 117 625 A1 and EP 20 152 603 A1, lifting anchors (filigree anchors) are used for transporting and installing double walls. The lifting anchors essentially comprise a load bar and a crossbar or cross brace. The parallel, opposite ends of the load bar serve as anchoring legs for encasing in concrete in a concrete shell. They are connected to one another by a load bar middle section, which is usually curved once or multiple times, and are held apart or at a predetermined distance from one another by the cross brace. This bracing is intended to prevent the anchoring legs from contracting and tearing out of the concrete shells when the wall is lifted. The cross brace is movably attached to the anchoring legs to prevent welding.To secure the cross brace, a locking device with a retaining strap, adhesive tape or packaging tape is used, which, for example in EP 3 851 617 A1, is wound around the cross brace and the middle section of the load bracket and / or around the at least two anchoring legs using a dispenser.

[0005] Cross braces are known not only from metal, but also from other materials. DE 10 2016 119352 A1 describes a transport anchor in which the cross brace is made of concrete. Cross braces known as compression bolts are made of plywood, plastic, textile fiber concrete, and laminated veneer lumber.

[0006] Before and during concreting, the cross brace on the load bracket must be secured against slipping using suitable retaining devices. After concreting, it is desirable to be able to remove and reuse the retaining device. Both installation and removal of the retaining device should be possible with as few manual steps as possible.

[0007] It is the object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a transport anchor with a movable cross strut in which the holding means can be quickly mounted and reused.

[0008] The object is achieved by a transport anchor according to claim 1, a method according to claim 6, a use according to claim 9 and a use according to claim 10. Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and are explained in more detail below.

[0009] A transport anchor according to the invention of the type described in more detail at the outset is characterized by at least one holding strand made of elastically reversible material releasably encompassing the load bracket central section and the cross strut or other spacer device and / or the at least two anchoring legs.

[0010] The adhesive bonds typically required for retaining straps can be eliminated by using retaining strands made of elastically reversible or elastically recoverable material. The elastic recovery force of the retaining strand presses the cross brace against the center section of the load bar, with the cross brace resting against the load bar in the area of ​​the transition curves.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the holding strand is designed as a band-like, elastically reversibly tensionable or tensioned rubber strand.

[0012] Rubber is an inexpensive and widely available material. The use of rubber strands, especially rubber bands, is widespread, allowing for quick and intuitive installation. With appropriate design, the rubber strands can ensure sufficient restoring force to keep the cross brace in the specified position even during the concreting of the double wall.

[0013] For quick assembly, the holding strand, especially the rubber strand, is designed to be self-contained without ends.

[0014] By designing the holding strand as a closed strand without ends, assembly is further accelerated because there is no need to couple loose ends or strand ends, as is necessary, for example, when using adhesive tapes or holding tapes.

[0015] Preferably, the holding strand, in particular a rubber strand, is placed around the cross strut within the transport anchor, so that two loops are formed or arranged, each extending from or projecting from the cross strut, which loops can be extended or are extended to the middle section of the load bracket for hanging there.

[0016] This arrangement ensures optimal use of the rubber strands. By symmetrically folding the rubber strand in the area of ​​the cross brace, two loops of approximately equal length protrude from the cross brace when assembled and are hooked onto the center section of the load bar. The center section of the load bar and the cross brace approximately form an isosceles triangle, with a central area of ​​the center section of the load bar being angular as the apex of this isosceles triangle. The loops of the rubber strand can be hooked onto this corner area of ​​the center section of the load bar. This inevitably locks the rubber strand centrally in the center of the cross brace, thus ensuring a particularly uniform restoring force of the rubber strand on the cross brace.Alternatively or additionally, an arrangement of the rubber strand would also be conceivable in which the rubber strand is arranged parallel to the cross strut, so that the loops of the rubber strand engage behind the anchoring legs and the restoring force of the rubber strand presses the anchoring legs towards each other and against the cross strut to create the frictional connection.

[0017] In an optional development of the invention, the cross strut has open guide recesses in one or both of its end regions and one or both of the anchoring legs are received in a respective associated end region of the cross strut or the other spacer device in a complementary, in particular slidingly displaceable and / or frictionally engaged, manner in the guide recess.

[0018] The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for handling a transport anchor, in particular a transport anchor already described, comprising the following steps: Positioning a cross brace between anchoring legs and bringing its end sections into frictional engagement with each of the anchoring legs; tensioning a holding strand around the load bracket central section and a central section of the cross brace to fix its position in contact with a respective curved transition or end section of the load bracket, with two loops of the holding strand, each extending from or projecting from the cross brace, extending to the load bracket central section for attachment there; concreting the anchoring legs into one of the opposite concrete shells.

[0019] The use of rubber strands or rubber bands as holding strands has the advantage over adhesive tapes that the holding connection can be corrected or readjusted at any time, whereas with adhesive connections non-destructive correction is usually no longer possible.

[0020] In particular, tensioning the holding strand includes the following steps: first hooking a first outgoing or projecting loop of the holding strand onto the load bracket middle section while tensioning the holding strand, guiding a holding strand middle section around the cross member, returning a second outgoing or projecting loop of the holding strand to the load bracket middle section with elastically reversible stretching of the holding strand and second hooking the holding strand onto the load bracket middle section.

[0021] When the second loop is hooked into the middle section of the load bar for the second time, the elastically stretched holding strand partially relaxes or returns to its original position. In the fully assembled state, the elastic stretch of the rubber strand generated during assembly is thus partially retained, so that the remaining restoring force presses the cross strut against the transition areas of the load bar along the longitudinal axis of the anchoring legs or the body axis of the lifting anchor.

[0022] Preferably, the retaining strand is removed from the concreted-in transport anchor without leaving any residue.

[0023] The residue-free removal of the retaining strand from the cast-in transport anchor allows for reuse. Furthermore, the introduction of plastic or adhesive residue into the concrete wall is avoided, facilitating concrete recycling.

[0024] Finally, the object of the invention is also achieved through uses. One use according to the invention provides a retaining strand made of elastically reversible material for mounting a transport anchor.

[0025] A further use according to the invention provides a cross brace or other spacer device for mounting a transport anchor as already explained, which is arranged transversely or obliquely with respect to a longitudinal direction of the anchoring legs or a body axis of the transport anchor to absorb compressive or tensile loads between the anchoring legs.

[0026] The cross braces can be made of metal, with both hollow bodies or tubes and round steel being suitable. The cross braces can be round, especially in the center sections, but flat, square, or stiffened designs are also possible. Alternative materials for the cross braces can also be used, such as wood / wooden boards, plywood, laminated veneer lumber, plastic, concrete, textile fiber reinforced concrete, or other fiber-reinforced materials.

[0027] Further details, features, feature (sub)combinations, advantages and effects based on the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment {or examples} of the invention and the drawings. These show in Fig. 1 shows a first assembly step of a first exemplary embodiment of the invention in a perspective view, Fig. 2 shows a second or further assembly step of the first exemplary embodiment in a perspective view, Fig. 3 shows a third or further assembly step of the first exemplary embodiment in a perspective view, Fig. 4 shows a fourth or further assembly step of the first exemplary embodiment in a perspective view, Fig. 5 shows an assembled transport anchor of the first exemplary embodiment in a perspective view, Fig. 6 shows an assembled transport anchor of a second exemplary embodiment in a perspective view, Fig. 7 shows a flow chart for an exemplary handling or assembly method according to the invention, Fig. 8 shows three exemplary embodiments of cross struts according to the invention.

[0028] The figures are merely exemplary and serve only to clarify the invention. The same elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

[0029] According to Figure 1 The lifting anchor comprises a load bar 100, preferably made of highly ductile rebar, and a cross brace 200. In the one-piece load bar 100 with an approximately U-shaped basic form, its straight, parallel, opposite end sections each form an anchoring leg 101, which transitions via a transition curve 102 into a load bar middle section 103. The load bar middle section 103 connects the two anchoring legs 101 and has a stop corner as the apex of an isosceles triangle. The cross brace 200 is designed in its end regions 201 with punched or otherwise formed guide recesses 202 (see Figure 8), in which the respective ribbed steel extrusion of the anchoring leg 101 is received with frictional engagement and slidably against a frictional force. When positioning 400 the cross strut 200 in the load bracket 100, the user can hold the load bracket 100 with his first hand 501 while inserting the cross strut 200b with the second hand 502. Of course, the load bracket 100 could also be fixed with a tensioning or holding device, as is known, for example, from EP 3 851 617 A1.

[0030] In Figure 2The cross strut 200b is already positioned in the intended end position. The guide recesses 202 are designed as open grooves and are penetrated by the anchoring legs 101 in the area of ​​the transition curve 102 of the load bracket 100. The position of the cross strut 200b is secured against axial displacement in the direction of the load bracket center section 103 by the transition curve 102. An axial displacement of the cross strut 200b in the direction of the leg ends 104 (cf. Figure 6) of the anchoring leg 101 is prevented by a holding strand 300 designed as a rubber strand 301. While the user simultaneously holds the load bracket 100 with the first hand 501 and the cross strut 200b in the intended end position at the transition curves 102, the user uses the second hand 502 to first hook 401 the first loop 311 of the rubber strand 301 into the corner region or central region of the load bracket central section 103. The rubber strand 301 is thus held by the load bracket central section 103 and can be pulled in the direction of the leg ends 104 (cf. Figure 6) can be stretched. By guiding 402 the holding strand center section 313 around the center section 203 of the cross strut 200b, the cross strut 200b is held and secured against slipping in the direction of the leg ends 104 along the anchoring legs 101. For guiding 402 around the cross strut 200b, elastic stretching of the rubber strand 301 is generally not yet necessary (depending on the material selection).

[0031] In Figure 3 the position of the hands is 501,502 opposite Figure 2 still unchanged. In the relaxed state, the length of the rubber strand 301 is not sufficient to fix the position of the cross strut 200b. In the area of ​​the holding strand or rubber strand middle section 313, the rubber strand 301 or holding strand is folded over and the folded over area is applied to the cross strut 200. In order to achieve a second suspension 404 (cf. Figure 4), the rubber strand 301 must be elastically stretched when returning 403 a second loop 312 of the rubber strand 301, so that the rubber strand 301 is extended, in particular in the area of ​​the holding strand or rubber strand middle section 313.

[0032] While the user is in Figure 4 By maintaining the elastic tension or stretch in the rubber strand 301 by appropriately positioning the hands 501, 502, the user performs a second hooking 404 of the second loop 312 of the rubber strand 301 with the second hand 502. During the second hooking 404, the second loop 312 slides off the user's second hand 502, while a partial recovery or relief of the elastic stretch of the rubber strand 301 occurs.

[0033] Figure 5shows the fully assembled and ready-to-install lifting anchor for installation in a concrete wall (not shown). The retaining strand 300 or rubber strand 301, made of elastically reversible material, in particular rubber, encompasses the load bracket center section 103 and the cross strut 200b in an elastically reversible tensioned or stretched manner. The rubber strand 301 is designed to be self-contained without ends. Because the rubber strand 301 is folded over in the area of ​​the cross strut 200b in the center of the rubber strand center section 313 and the folded area is applied to the center section 203 of the cross strut 200b, two loops 311, 312 of essentially equal length protrude from the cross strut 200b. These loops 311, 312 are hooked 401, 404 onto the load bar middle section 103, particularly onto the corner area of ​​the load bar middle section 103, so that the rubber band 301 is under tension.

[0034] Figure 6shows another fully assembled and ready-to-install transport anchor. In this embodiment, several identical or different rubber strands 301 are tensioned 405 in the manner already described. The arrangement of several rubber strands 301 is particularly suitable when a single rubber strand 301 does not have the required tensile strength. The method according to the invention also allows the cross strut 200 to be mounted on the load bracket center section 103 using everyday holding strands 300, e.g., office rubber bands. The tensioning 405 of a rubber strand 301 is repeated several times.

[0035] Figure 7 shows a flowchart of an exemplary handling procedure, which is used in the Figures 1-5is shown. The method step "tensioning 405 of the holding strand 301" here comprises the first hooking 401 of the first loop 311, the guiding 402 of the central section 313 around the cross strut, the returning 403 of the second loop 312, and the hooking 404 of the second loop 312.

[0036] Figure 8 shows alternative cross braces 200a,b,c. Cross brace 200a, for example, is designed as a tube, in particular as a thick-walled tube, while cross braces 200b and 200c are made of solid material or round steel. The round material, especially for cross brace 200b, must be inductively heated and then hot-formed. The diameter of cross braces 200a, 200b, 200c is equal to or a few millimeters larger than the diameter of load bracket 100 (cf. Figure 1). Guide recesses 202, in particular grooves, are provided at one or preferably both end regions 201 of the cross struts 200a,b,c. The cross section of the guide recesses 202 has a radius in the region of the transition curves 102 for the positive and / or frictional engagement of the cross strut 200a,b,c with the load bracket 100, which essentially corresponds to the outer radius of the load bracket 100. The guide recesses 202, in particular for the cross strut 200c, are formed by punching. The cross struts 200a,b,c are elongated, wherein the longitudinal extent of the cross strut 200a,b,c is preferably selected such that when the cross strut is positioned, an elastic restoring force is generated in the load bracket 100, which roughly holds the cross strut 200a,b,c in position and the anchoring legs 101 roughly in the guide recesses 202.All of these cross braces 200a,b,c with corresponding guide recesses 202 do not have to be welded to the load bracket, but can be fixed to the load bracket 100 in the transition area (kinking area) 102 by means of a retaining strap, adhesive tape, but most quickly with a rubber strand 301. List of reference symbols

[0037] 100Load stirrup 101Anchoring leg 102Transition curve 103Load stirrup middle section or stirrup middle section 104Leg ends 200a,b,cCross brace 201End areas 202Guide recess 203Cross brace middle section or longitudinal section 300Retaining strand 301Rubber strand, especially rubber band strand 311First loop 312Second loop 313Retaining strand middle section 400Positioning 401First attachment 402Guiding 403Returning under stretching 404Second attachment 405Tensioning 501First hand 502Second hand

Claims

1. A transport anchor, in particular for hollow walls or double or multiple concrete walls, each with opposing concrete shells, wherein the transport anchor comprises: - a load bracket (100) with at least two anchoring legs (101), wherein at least one anchoring leg (101) is assigned to a concrete shell or concrete wall, - a load bracket central section (103), via which the at least two anchoring legs (101) are connected to one another, wherein external load-bearing and / or transport means can be coupled or engaged with the load bracket central section (103), - at least one cross strut (200a, b, c) or other spacer device, which is arranged transversely or obliquely with respect to a longitudinal direction of the anchoring legs (101) or a body axis of the transport anchor to absorb compressive or tensile loads, wherein the cross strut (200a, b,c) or other spacing device is mounted on the anchoring legs (101) in a sliding manner and / or in a frictionally engaged arrangement, characterized by at least one holding strand (300) made of elastically reversible material releasably encompassing the load bar central section (103) and the cross strut (200a,b,c) or other spacer device and / or the at least two anchoring legs (101).

2. Transport anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding strand (300) is designed as a band-like, elastically reversibly tensionable or tensioned rubber strand (301).

3. Transport anchor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holding strand (300), in particular rubber strand (301), is designed to be closed without ends 4. Transport anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe holding strand (300), in particular the rubber strand (301), is placed around the cross strut (200a,b,c) within the transport anchor, so that two loops (311, 312) are formed or arranged, each extending from or projecting from the cross strut (200a,b,c), which loops can be extended or are extended to the load bracket middle section (103) for hanging there.

5. Transport anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross strut (200a,b,c) has open guide recesses (202) in one or both of its end regions (201) and one or both of the anchoring legs (101) are received in a respectively associated end region (201) of the cross strut (200a,b,c) or the other spacer device in a complementary, in particular slidingly displaceable and / or frictionally engaged, manner in the guide recess (202).

6. Method for handling a transport anchor according to one of claims 1-5, characterized byfollowing steps: - positioning (400) of the cross strut (200a,b,c) between anchoring legs (101) and bringing its end regions (201) into frictional engagement with one of the anchoring legs (101) each; - tensioning (405) of the holding strand (300) around the load bracket central section (103) and the central section (203) of the cross strut to fix its position in engagement with a respective curved transition or end region (102) of the load bracket (100), wherein two loops (311, 312) of the holding strand (300) each extending from or projecting from the cross strut (200a,b,c) are extended to the load bracket central section (103) for suspension there (401, 404); - Casting the anchoring legs (101) into one of the opposite concrete shells.

7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in thatthe tensioning (405) of the holding strand (300) further comprises the following steps: - first hooking (401) of a first outgoing or projecting loop (311) of the holding strand (300) onto the load bar middle section (103) when tensioning the holding strand (300), - guiding (402) a holding strand middle section (313) around the cross strut (200a,b,c), - returning (403) a second outgoing or projecting loop (312) of the holding strand (300) to the load bar middle section (103) under elastically reversible stretching and second hooking (404) onto the load bar middle section (103).

8. Method according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the holding strand (300) is removed from the concreted-in transport anchor without leaving any residue.

9. Use of a holding strand (300) made of elastically reversible material for mounting a transport anchor according to one of claims 1 to 5 and / or for handling a transport anchor according to one of claims 6-8.

10. Use of a cross strut (200a,b,c) or other spacer device which is arranged to absorb compressive or tensile loads between the anchoring legs (101) transversely or obliquely with respect to a longitudinal direction of the anchoring legs (101) or a body axis of the transport anchor, for mounting a transport anchor according to one of claims 1-5 and / or for handling a transport anchor according to one of claims 6-8.

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