Micro-part surface modification device

Abstract

The present invention provides a micro-part surface modification device, comprising a strengthening module, a roll-to-roll vibration piece module, a water supply module and a laser module. The strengt

Description

'TIP A T 1711710 1 IL V. nlN 1 V> / V.Lj Jr IlLJLzLI The present disclosure relates to the field of material surface modification, and in particular, to a micro-part surface modification device. BACKGROUND Micro mechanical products have broad application prospects in the fields of biomedicine, aerospace, national defense, high-tech electronic products, and so on. Metal micro-parts in the micro mechanical products, such as micro gears and micro switches serving as main load-bearing parts, are usually affected by cyclic loading resulting from heat and force, which easily causes wear and fatigue damage and lead to product failure. The development of micro mechanical products raises higher requirements on the surface quality, wear resistance and fatigue resistance of micro structural parts. In addition, micro-parts used in medicine often require surface treatment such as cleaning, frosted finish, matte finish, enhanced adhesion, deburring, or texturing. The methods of severe plastic deformation of metal surfaces can achieve material surface modification without introducing other elements, and the interface between the modified layer and the matrix has a uniform transition without defects such as pores and contamination. The methods of surface severe plastic deformation mainly include shot peening, sand blasting, and surface ultrasonic grinding. In the above methods, large-sized shots are usually used to impact the material surfaces, and the shots are too large to be suitable for surface modification of micro-parts. Laser shock peening, also known as laser peening, is to modify material surface with a high-energy nanosecond pulse laser-induced shock wave, thereby producing compressive residual stress and microstructure refinement to improve the service performance of the material. The laser shock peening generally adopts spot diameters in millimeters and the single pulse energy is large. The laser shock peening with small spots cannot use a protective coating and causes certain thermal effects, making it unsuitable for surface modification of micro-parts. The prior art discloses a surface strengthening device based on laser-driven micro-particle impact, where a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane driven by laser-induced plasma pushes small particles to impact a target at high speed, causing plastic deformation of the target surface to achieve surface strengthening. However, severe plastic deformation strengthening requires cumulative plastic deformation on the metal surfaces, and the previously developed method cannot achieve dense strengthened layers. SUMMARY To eliminate the defects in the prior art, the present disclosure provides a micro-part surface modification device, where a high-energy nanosecond pulse laser-induced shock wave is configured for impacting a vibration piece, which drives micro shots to continuously impact the surface of a micro-part to perform modification treatment. The device has a simple structure and good reliability. The present disclosure achieves the above objective through the following technical means. A micro-part surface modification device includes a strengthening module, a roll-to-roll vibration piece module, a water supply module, and a laser module. The strengthening module includes a shell and a plurality of shots, a work cavity is arranged in the shell, a movable vibration piece is installed in a first end of the work cavity, the plurality of shots are evenly distributed on the movable vibration piece, and a workpiece to be strengthened is installed in a second end of the work cavity; the roll-to-roll vibration piece module is configured for driving the movable vibration piece to move; the water supply module is configured for forming a constraint layer on a side of the movable vibration piece; the laser module is configured for generating a laser beam, the laser beam passes through the constraint layer to impact the movable vibration piece, so that the movable vibration piece vibrates to provide a kinetic energy for the shots and the shots obtaining the kinetic energy are configured for impacting the workpiece to be strengthened. The shell includes an upper cover, a middle shell, and a lower cover, where the upper cover and the lower cover are installed on two ends of the middle shell, respectively and a central hole extending through the upper cover, the middle shell, and the lower cover forms the work cavity. Two ends of the workpiece to be strengthened are installed at the central hole of the upper cover via a first upper washer and a second upper washer, respectively; the movable vibration piece is located between the middle shell and the lower cover, and a first lower washer and a second lower washer are provided on two sides of the movable vibration piece, respectively. The roll-to-roll vibration piece module includes an unwinding roll, a rewinding roll, unwinding press rollers, and rewinding press rollers, where the unwinding press rollers and the rewinding press rollers are located on two ends of the movable vibration piece, respectively, the unwinding press rollers and the rewinding press rollers are close to the shell and are configured for positioning the movable vibration piece, and the unwinding roll and the rewinding roll enable the movable vibration piece to move. The movable vibration piece has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm and moves at a speed of 0.5 mm / s to 5 mm / s. Further, the work cavity is a rotary body and the movable vibration piece moves in a direction perpendicular to a central axis of the work cavity. Further, the water supply module includes a nozzle, a water pump, a water supply tank, and a water collection tank, where the water pump is located in the water supply tank, the nozzle is connected to the water pump, the nozzle is aligned with a side of the movable vibration piece away from the work cavity, and the water collection tank is configured for collecting water sprayed by the nozzle. Further, the laser module generates a nanosecond pulse laser beam, where the nanosecond pulse laser beam has a wavelength of 1064 nm or 532 nm, a spot diameter of 1 mm to 3 mm, a pulse width of 10 ns to 20 ns, and a pulse energy of 5 J to 10 J. The present disclosure has the following advantages. 1. According to the micro-part surface modification device of the present disclosure, the speed of the shots can be adjusted by changing the laser pulse energy, the adjustment range of the speed of the shots is large, and the operation is simple. 2. According to the micro-part surface modification device of the present disclosure, the shots used can be of any shape and the core area is sealed to ensure good safety. 3. According to the micro-part surface modification device of the present disclosure, the roll-to-roll vibration piece module and the water supply module are provided so that the pressure of the laser-induced shock wave is raised and the movable vibration piece can continuously provide the kinetic energy for the micro shots, thereby realizing automated processing. 4. According to the micro-part surface modification device of the present disclosure, surface modification can be performed on metallic materials, and cleaning, enhanced adhesion, and deburring can also be performed on the surfaces of non-metallic materials. 5. According to the micro-part surface modification device of the present disclosure, the roll-to-roll vibration piece module enables the movable vibration piece to move horizontally, providing the shots with a horizontal initial velocity. The unwinding press rollers and the rewinding press rollers of the roll-to-roll vibration piece module keep the movable vibration piece in the work cavity flat and also flatten the deformed vibration piece to be reused. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or in the prior art more clearly, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art are introduced briefly in the following. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description show some embodiments of the present disclosure, and persons of ordinary skill in the art can derive other drawings from the accompanying drawings without creative efforts. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a micro-part surface modification device according to the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a strengthening module according to the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the strengthening module according to the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional sectional view of the strengthening module according to the present disclosure. In the drawings: 1. strengthening module; 2. rewinding press roller; 3. movable vibration piece; 4. rewinding roll; 5. water collection tank; 6. laser; 7. reflector; 8. laser beam; 9. nozzle; 10. water pipe; 11. water pump; 12. water supply tank; 13. computer; 14. unwinding roll; 15. unwinding press roller; 101. workpiece to be strengthened; 102. second upper washer; 103. upper cover; 104. first fastening screw; 105. middle shell; 106. lower cover; 107. second fastening screw; 108. shot; 109. first lower washer; 110. second lower washer; 111. first upper washer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS The present disclosure is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below and are exemplified in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference signs indicate the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present disclosure, instead of limiting the present disclosure. In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that terms such as "central", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", and "outer" indicate directional or positional relationships based on the accompanying drawings. They are merely used for the convenience and simplicity of the description of the present disclosure, instead of indicating or implying that the demonstrated device or element is located in a specific direction or is constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be construed as limitations to the present disclosure. Moreover, terms "first" and "second" are merely used for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of denoted technical features. Therefore, a feature defined by "first" or "second" explicitly or implicitly includes one or more such features. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality of' means two or above two, unless otherwise expressly defined. In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "interconnected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may be fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; may be mechanical connections or electrical connections; may be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and may be internal communications between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations. As shown in FIG. 1, the micro-part surface modification device of the present disclosure includes a strengthening module 1, a roll-to-roll vibration piece module, a water supply module, a laser module, and a computer 13. As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the strengthening module 1 includes a shell and a plurality of shots 108. The shell includes an upper cover 103, a middle shell 105, and a lower cover 106. A first end of the middle shell 105 is connected to the upper cover 103 via first fastening screws 104, and a second end of the middle shell 105 is connected to the lower cover 106 via second fastening screws 107. A central hole extending through the upper cover 103, the middle shell 105, and the lower cover 106 forms a work cavity. A movable vibration piece 3 is installed in a first end of the work cavity. The movable vibration piece 3 is strip-shaped and is made of stainless steel. The plurality of shots 108 are evenly distributed on the movable vibration piece 3. The lower cover 106 is provided with a slot for horizontal movement of the movable vibration piece 3. A workpiece to be strengthened 101 is installed in a second end of the work cavity. Two ends of the workpiece to be strengthened 101 are installed at the central hole of the upper cover 103 via a first upper washer 111 and a second upper washer 102, respectively. The movable vibration piece 3 is located between the middle shell 105 and the lower cover 106. A first lower washer 109 and a second lower washer 110 are provided on two sides of the movable vibration piece 3, respectively. The strengthening module 1 is vertically placed to make the shots 108 evenly distributed on an upper surface of the stainless-steel movable vibration piece 3 by gravity at an initial stage. The first upper washer 111, the second upper washer 102, the first lower washer 109, and the second lower washer 110 are all rubber flat washers. Fifty micro shots 108 with a diameter of 0.08 mm are provided. The roll-to-roll vibration piece module is configured for driving the movable vibration piece 3 to move. The roll-to-roll vibration piece module includes an unwinding roll 14, a rewinding roll 4, unwinding press rollers 15, and rewinding press rollers 2. The unwinding press rollers 15 and the rewinding press rollers 2 are located on two ends of the movable vibration piece 3, respectively. The unwinding press rollers 15 and the rewinding press rollers 2 are close to the shell and are configured for positioning the movable vibration piece 3. The unwinding roll 14 and the rewinding roll 4 enable the movable vibration piece 3 to move. The unwinding roll 14, the rewinding roll 4, the unwinding press rollers 15, and the rewinding press rollers 2 can also tighten the movable vibration piece to make the exposed part flat, so that the deformed vibration piece is flattened by the press rollers and can be reused. The water supply module is configured for forming a constraint layer on a side of the movable vibration piece. The water supply module includes a nozzle 9, a water pump 11, a water supply tank 12, and a water collection tank 5. The water pump 11 is located in the water supply tank 12, the nozzle 9 is connected to the water pump 11 via a water pipe 10, and the nozzle 9 is aligned with a side of the movable vibration piece 3 away from the work cavity. The water collection tank 5 is configured for collecting water sprayed by the nozzle 9. The water column from the nozzle 9 is at an angle of 45° with the movable vibration piece 3 to form a water curtain with a thickness of 2 mm to 3 mm. The laser module is configured for generating a laser beam, and the laser beam 8 generated by the laser 6 is directed by a reflector 7 onto the movable vibration piece 3. The laser beam 8 from the laser 6 is irradiated from bottom to top on a lower surface of the stainless-steel movable vibration piece 3 to generate a shock wave. The shock wave, constrained by the water curtain sprayed from the nozzle 9, causes the stainless-steel movable vibration piece 3 to vibrate at high speed. The stainless-steel movable vibration piece 3 drives the micro shots 108 in the work cavity 105 to continuously impact the surface of the workpiece to be strengthened 101 at high speed for modification treatment. The laser 6, the water pump 11, and the unwinding roll 14 are electrically connected to the computer 13. The vibration piece module is controlled by the computer 13 to continuously provide the movable vibration piece for the strengthening module 1, thereby realizing automated modification. The laser module generates a nanosecond pulse laser beam. The nanosecond pulse laser beam has a wavelength of 1064 nm or 532 nm, a spot diameter of 1 mm to 3 mm, a pulse width of 10 ns to 20 ns, and a pulse energy of 5 J to 10 J. The movable vibration piece 3 has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm and moves at a speed of 0.5 mm / s to 5 mm / s. It should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the embodiments, each embodiment does not merely include one independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity, and persons skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in the embodiments can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by persons skilled in the art. The above descriptions are merely practical embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Any equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A micro-part surface modification device, comprising a strengthening module (1), a roll-to-roll vibration piece module, a water supply module, and a laser module, whereinthe strengthening module (1) comprises a shell and a plurality of shots (108), a work cavity is arranged in the shell, a movable vibration piece (3) is installed in a first end of the work cavity, the plurality of shots (108) are evenly distributed on the movable vibration piece (3), and a workpiece to be strengthened (101) is installed in a second end of the work cavity; the roll-to-roll vibration piece module is configured for driving the movable vibration piece (3) to move; the water supply module is configured for forming a constraint layer on a side of the movable vibration piece; the laser module is configured for generating a laser beam, the laser beam passes through the constraint layer to impact the movable vibration piece (3), so that the movable vibration piece (3) vibrates to provide a kinetic energy for the shots (108) and the shots (108) obtaining the kinetic energy are configured for impacting the workpiece to be strengthened (101);the shell comprises an upper cover (103), a middle shell (105), and a lower cover (106), wherein the upper cover (103) and the lower cover (106) are installed on two ends of the middle shell (105), respectively and a central hole extending through the upper cover (103), the middle shell (105), and the lower cover (106) forms the work cavity;two ends of the workpiece to be strengthened (101) are installed at the central hole of the upper cover (103) via a first upper washer (111) and a second upper washer (102), respectively; the movable vibration piece (3) is located between the middle shell (105) and the lower cover (106), and a first lower washer (109) and a second lower washer (110) are provided on two sides of the movable vibration piece (3), respectively;the roll-to-roll vibration piece module comprises an unwinding roll (14), a rewinding roll (4), unwinding press rollers (15), and rewinding press rollers (2), wherein the unwinding press rollers (15) and the rewinding press rollers (2) are located on two ends of the movable vibration piece (3),respectively, the unwinding press rollers (15) and the rewinding press rollers (2) are close to the shell and are configured for positioning the movable vibration piece (3), and the unwinding roll (14) and the rewinding roll (4) enable the movable vibration piece (3) to move; the movable vibration piece (3) has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm and moves at a speed of 0.5 mm / s to 5 mm / s.

2. The micro-part surface modification device according to claim 1, wherein the work cavity is a rotary body and the movable vibration piece (3) moves in a direction perpendicular to a central axis of the work cavity.

3. The micro-part surface modification device according to claim 1, wherein the water supply module comprises a nozzle (9), a water pump (11), a water supply tank (12), and a water collection tank (5), wherein the water pump (11) is located in the water supply tank (12), the nozzle (9) is connected to the water pump (11), the nozzle (9) is aligned with a side of the movable vibration piece (3) away from the work cavity, and the water collection tank (5) is configured for collecting water sprayed by the nozzle (9).

4. The micro-part surface modification device according to claim 1, wherein the laser module generates a nanosecond pulse laser beam, wherein the nanosecond pulse laser beam has a wavelength of 1064 nm or 532 nm, a spot diameter of 1 mm to 3 mm, a pulse width of 10 ns to 20 ns, and a pulse energy of 5 J to 10 J.

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