Biopsy device

Abstract

To provide a biopsy device for acquiring a tissue sample.SOLUTION: Various embodiments are generally directed to biopsy devices, systems, and methods for acquiring a tissue sample, such as during fine-needle aspiration cytology. Several embodiments are particularly directed to biopsy devices with features to facilitate accessing, acquiring, and / or retaining one or more tissue samples from a target biopsy site. In one embodiment, for example, a biopsy device may include an elongate member having an insert disposed within a lumen of an elongate member. The insert may be configured to mate with a needle disposed in the lumen to maintain a rotational orientation of the needle. In another embodiment, a needle may include multiple openings for acquiring a tissue sample. In yet another embodiment, a helical component may be disposed in a needle lumen to acquire and retain tissue samples.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2B

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates generally to medical devices, systems, and methods, and in particular to biopsy devices, systems, and methods. [Background technology]

[0002] A biopsy is a group of medical diagnostic tests used to determine the structure and composition of tissues or cells. In a biopsy procedure, cells or tissues are sampled from an organ or other body part to allow for their analysis, for example, under a microscope. If an abnormality is found by superficial examination, such as palpation or radiographic imaging, a biopsy can be performed to determine the nature of the suspected abnormality. Generally, biopsies can be classified as either excision or incisional biopsy. An excision biopsy may involve the removal of the entire nodule or suspicious area. On the other hand, an incisional biopsy may involve sampling a portion of the abnormal tissue without attempting to remove the entire lesion or tumor. Incisional biopsies are generally safer and less traumatic than excision biopsies. In one type of incisional biopsy, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA), a sample of tissue or body fluid is removed with a needle such that cells are removed without preserving the histological structure of the tissue cells. Generally, a needle in an FNA is inserted through the working channel of an endoscope to access the target site and obtain a tissue sample.

[0003] With these considerations in mind, a variety of advantageous medical results may be achieved by the devices, systems, and methods of the present disclosure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a biopsy device comprising an elongate member and an insert. The elongate member may have a proximal portion, a distal portion, and a lumen. The lumen may include a proximal opening and a distal opening and may extend from the proximal portion to the distal portion of the elongate member. The insert may be disposed within the lumen. The insert may include a lumen contacting portion and a needle contacting portion. The insert may be configured to engage an insert contacting portion of a needle disposed within the lumen and maintain a rotational orientation of the needle.

[0005] In some embodiments, the insert limits proximal or distal movement of the needle disposed within the lumen. In various embodiments, the insert contact portion comprises a flat surface created by removing material from a curved surface of the needle. In many embodiments, the device comprises the needle, and the insert contact portion of the needle is configured to slide along the needle contact portion of the insert when the needle and the insert are engaged. Many such embodiments include a polymeric stylet disposed within the needle. In some such embodiments, the needle is configured to slide longitudinally when the insert contact portion is engaged with the needle contact portion. In various such embodiments, the needle contact portion of the insert extends a first length along the longitudinal axis of the elongate member and the insert contact portion of the needle extends a second length along the longitudinal axis of the elongate member, the first length being less than the second length. In some embodiments, the lumen contact portion comprises a curved surface and the needle contact portion comprises a flat surface. In some embodiments, the needle contact portion comprises one or more of a channel, a groove, and a zigzag. In some embodiments, the needle contact portion comprises a channel extending along a longitudinal axis of the elongate member. In various embodiments, the elongate member comprises a second lumen, the distal opening of the lumen being orthogonal to the distal opening of the second lumen. In many embodiments, the device comprises the needle, the needle comprising a needle lumen having a first opening and a second opening, the first opening and the second opening being in a distal half of the needle. In many such embodiments, the first opening of the needle lumen is orthogonal to the second opening of the needle lumen. Some such embodiments include a sheath disposed around a portion of the needle, the sheath covering the first opening of the needle lumen. In various such embodiments, the needle comprises a scoop disposed adjacent to the first opening.

[0006] In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a system including an elongate member, an insert, and a needle. The elongate member may have a proximal portion, a distal portion, and a lumen. The lumen may include a proximal opening and a distal opening and may extend from the proximal portion to the distal portion of the elongate member. The insert may be disposed within the lumen. The insert may include a lumen contacting portion and a needle contacting portion. The needle may be disposed within the lumen and may include an insert contacting portion. The needle contacting portion and the insert contacting portion may include corresponding engagement features.

[0007] Some embodiments include a stylet disposed within the needle lumen. In some such embodiments, the stylet comprises a polymer. In various embodiments, the needle may include a needle lumen at a distal half of the needle having a first opening and a second opening. In various such embodiments, the first opening of the needle lumen is orthogonal to the second opening of the needle lumen.

[0008] In yet another aspect, the disclosure relates to a method that may include one or more of forming an insert having a needle contacting portion, forming a needle having an insert contacting portion that corresponds to the insert contacting portion of the needle, engaging the needle contacting portion with the insert contacting portion, and disposing the insert and the needle within a lumen of an elongate member.

[0009] In some embodiments, the method may include one or more of forming a stylet from a polymer and disposing the stylet within a lumen of the needle. In various embodiments, the method includes press-fitting the insert into the lumen. In many embodiments, the method includes grinding the needle to form the insert contact. In some embodiments, the method includes pressing the needle to form the insert contact. In some embodiments, the method includes forming the insert by stamping. In some embodiments, the method includes disposing the insert and the needle within the lumen using a press fit. In various embodiments, the method includes disposing the insert and the needle within the lumen using a thermal fitting. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] Non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure are described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are schematic and not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown is generally designated by a single numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component will be labeled in every drawing, and not every component of every embodiment will be shown, unless the drawings are necessary to enable those skilled in the art to understand the disclosure.

[0011] [Figure 1A] 1 illustrates various aspects of a distal portion of a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1B] 1 illustrates various aspects of a distal portion of a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1C] 1 illustrates various aspects of a distal portion of a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1D] 1 illustrates various aspects of a distal portion of a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1E]1 illustrates various aspects of a distal portion of a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2A] 1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary elongate member for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2B] 1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary elongate member for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2C] 1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary elongate member for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3A] 1 illustrates an exemplary insert and needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3B] 1 illustrates an exemplary insert and needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3C] 1 illustrates an exemplary insert and needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3D] 1 illustrates an exemplary insert and needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary elongate member for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5A] 1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5B] 1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates a distal portion of an exemplary needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 7] 1 illustrates a distal portion of an exemplary needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8A]1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8B] 1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8C] 1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8D] 1 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary needle for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Various embodiments are generally directed to biopsy devices, systems, and methods for obtaining tissue samples, such as during fine needle aspiration cytology. Some embodiments are specifically directed to biopsy devices having features for facilitating access, acquisition, and / or retention of one or more tissue samples from a target biopsy site. In one embodiment, for example, a biopsy device may include an elongate member having an insert disposed within a lumen of the elongate member. The insert may be configured to engage a needle disposed within the lumen to maintain a rotational orientation of the needle. In another embodiment, the needle may include multiple openings for obtaining tissue samples. In yet another embodiment, a helical component may be disposed within the needle lumen for obtaining and retaining tissue samples. These and other embodiments are described and claimed.

[0013] Some challenges in tissue sample acquisition include ensuring a viable sample is acquired (e.g., the sample may be too small and / or not from the biopsy target site), preventing needle breakage or twisting, and controlling the needle orientation and / or incidence angle. For example, the target site may be small and difficult to reach (e.g., located in a distal region of the lung). Often, the needle must be removed from the patient and reinserted after each sample acquisition or attempted acquisition. Additionally, adjusting the needle incidence angle may require repositioning the endoscope in which the needle is placed, both of which may result in lengthy recovery times and overly invasive procedures. To further complicate matters, needles may be fragile and prone to damage such as twisting. Many such needles are required to remain within a protective sheath or catheter for the most part. These and other factors may limit the capabilities, reduce applicability, poor adaptability, and limit functionality of biopsy devices and methods. Such limitations may significantly reduce the quality and usefulness of biopsy devices, contributing to poor user experience and adverse patient outcomes.

[0014] Accordingly, various embodiments of the present disclosure include biopsy devices having features that facilitate accurate and reliable access, acquisition, and / or retention of one or more tissue samples from a target biopsy site. In many embodiments, one or more of the features may control an orientation needle that is positioned within the lumen. In various embodiments, one or more of the features may allow the needle's angle of incidence to be adjusted and / or multiple samples to be acquired without removal from the body lumen, resulting in a more efficient and / or reliable biopsy procedure. For example, being able to acquire tissue samples over an area or region without repositioning the elongate member and / or the bronchoscope in which the elongate member is positioned may directly reduce trauma to the patient and improve outcomes. In some embodiments, one or more of the features may provide additional strength and / or durability to the needle, such as via a stylet or solid bore. In some embodiments, one or more of the features may improve the quantity and / or quality of the tissue sample, such as via bidirectional tissue acquisition. In these and other ways, the components / techniques described herein may improve biopsy devices.

[0015] It can be understood that the disclosure contained herein is exemplary and explanatory only, and not limiting. As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a list of elements does not include only those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device. The term "exemplary" is used in the sense of "example" rather than "ideal." Although endoscopes and endoscopic systems are referenced herein, reference to endoscopes, endoscopic systems, or endoscopy should not be construed as limiting possible applications of the disclosed aspects. For example, the disclosed aspects may be used in conjunction with duodenoscopes, bronchoscopes, ureteroscopes, colonoscopes, catheters, diagnostic or therapeutic tools or devices, or other types of medical devices or systems.

[0016] Reference is now made to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it may be apparent that novel embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to facilitate explanation. The intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives within the scope of the claims.

[0017] 1A-1E illustrate various aspects of a distal portion 110 of a biopsy device 100 in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 1A includes a cross-sectional view of a biopsy device 100 including a probe 103 with needles 104-n disposed therein. FIG. 1B includes a cross-sectional view of the probe 103 of the biopsy device 100. FIG. 1C illustrates a perspective view of a biopsy device 100 including a needle 104-1, an elongate member 102, and a probe 103. FIG. 1D illustrates a perspective view of a biopsy device 100 including a needle 104-2, an elongate member 102, and a probe 103. FIG. 1E illustrates a perspective view of a biopsy device 100 including a needle 104-3, an elongate member 102, and a probe 103. In various embodiments, the needles 104-1, 104-2, 104-3 may provide three different angles of incidence for acquisition of tissue samples. Needles 104-1, 104-2, 104-3, 104-n (or needles 104) may be selectively positioned within a first lumen 114-1 of the elongate member 102. An imaging device, such as an ultrasound catheter 106, may be positioned within a second lumen 114-2 of the elongate member 102. In some embodiments, the distal portion 110 of the biopsy device 100 may be inserted through a working channel of a bronchoscope to access a target site for tissue acquisition. FIGS. 1A-1E may include one or more components that are the same as or similar to one or more other components of the present disclosure. Additionally, one or more components of FIGS. 1A-1E, or aspects thereof, may be incorporated into other embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments are not limited in this regard.

[0018] One or more biopsy devices disclosed herein may include one or more needles having a predetermined shape that, when in a deployed configuration, provides one or more angles of incidence for obtaining tissue samples. More generally, the biopsy device 100 may include an elongate member 102 having a proximal portion 108 and a distal portion 110. In many embodiments, the elongate member 102 may include a dual lumen catheter. In many such embodiments, a needle for FNA may be disposed within the first lumen and an imaging transducer. The distal portion 110 of the elongate member 102 may include a probe 103. The probe 103 may include distal openings 116-1, 116-2. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1A includes a needle 106-n extending proximate to the distal opening 116-1 and an ultrasound catheter 106 extending proximate to the distal opening 116-2.

[0019] 1C-1E each include needles 104-1, 104-2, 104-3, respectively, in a deployed configuration (i.e., extending out from distal opening 116-2). Each of needles 104 has a different deployed configuration resulting in a different angle of incidence. For example, needle 104-1 may have a neutral angle of incidence, needle 104-2 may have a positive angle of incidence, and needle 104-3 may have a negative angle of incidence. This may be accomplished via a needle having an arc that varies from negative to positive. Multiple angles of incidence allow different portions of a nodule to be biopsied. More generally, multiple angles of incidence allow tissue samples to be obtained from an entire area or strip. Additionally, being able to obtain tissue samples over an area or region without having to reposition the elongate member and / or the bronchoscope in which the elongate member is positioned may directly reduce trauma to the patient and improve outcomes.

[0020] When the ends of needles 104-1, 104-2, 104-3 are within lumen 114-2, the needles may be in a common stored configuration (i.e., aligned with the longitudinal axis 112 of elongate member 102), as shown for needle 104-n in FIG. 1A. In various embodiments, a shape memory material may facilitate the transition between the stored and deployed configurations. As discussed in more detail below with respect to FIGS. 2A-4, the orientation of the needles may be controlled via an insert disposed within the lumen. The orientation control may facilitate bending the needles in a predetermined direction relative to opening 116-1.

[0021] In the illustrated embodiment, the probe 103 includes a bevel 118. The bevel 118 may adjust the angle of incidence of the needle 104. For example, the bevel 118 may facilitate radial offset of the contact site between the needle and the target site, such as in the case of an eccentric nodule. In some embodiments, the needle 104 may include one or more compound bends or bends. For example, a first bend in a first direction and a second bend in a second direction. In some embodiments, the bevel 118 and one or more of the needle 104 facilitate customization of the angle of incidence, among other characteristics (e.g., contact site offset in one or more dimensions).

[0022] In some embodiments, the probe 103 may comprise an end cap coupled to a distal end of the elongate member 102. In other embodiments, the probe 103 may comprise a portion of the elongate member 102. For example, the probe may comprise the distal portion 110 of the elongate member 102. Further, the probe may be formed integrally with the elongate member or may be formed separately from the elongate member. More generally, the probe may refer to the distal end of a biopsy device that is inserted into a body lumen.

[0023] One or more of the components disclosed herein may be comprised of elastomers and / or polymers (e.g., polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), high density polyethylene (HDPE), nylon, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), silicone, thermoplastics, or plastics, etc.). Various components disclosed herein may be comprised of metals (e.g., stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, or alloys, etc.). Some components disclosed herein may include one or more shape memory materials (e.g., nickel titanium alloy (nitinol)). For example, the bend or bent portion of the needle may include nitinol. In many embodiments, the reduced bending strength of various shape memory materials may be utilized to prevent deformation, for example, by the bevel 118.

[0024] With specific reference to FIG. 1A, the needles 104-n may include a stylet 124. The stylet may provide additional section integrity to resist damage, such as deformation. In many embodiments, the stylet 124 may include a composite and / or polymeric material, such as an engineering plastic. In various embodiments, the stylet 124 may function as an extraction member to eject tissue samples from the needle lumen. In some embodiments, the needle may include or reference a hypotube. In one or more embodiments, a needle sheath with tight tolerances for the needle may ensure sufficient column strength for the needle to puncture a target site, such as a pulmonary nodule.

[0025] 1B, the probe 103 includes an imaging window 120 and a marker 122. In many embodiments, the imaging window 120 may refer to one or more portions of the probe 103 that are substantially transparent to imaging energy wavelengths (e.g., from the ultrasound catheter 106), while the marker 122 may refer to one or more portions of the probe that are relatively opaque to imaging energy wavelengths. The marker 244 may comprise any medium that absorbs imaging energy wavelengths (e.g., ultrasound). For example, a metal or metal alloy (e.g., stainless steel or nitinol) may be used. In some embodiments, a non-metal may be used, such as an air pocket embedded in the wall of the imaging window.

[0026] In various embodiments, the marker 122 may additionally or alternatively be radiopaque so as to show up on x-ray and / or fluoroscopic imaging. In some embodiments, the marker 122 may be positioned to indicate in the generated image where the needle is positioned in the deployed configuration. In some embodiments, the probe 103 may be positioned based on the generated image, and the elongate member 102 may be pivoted to rotate the probe 103 and reposition the distal opening 116-2. For example, a handle assembly coupled to the proximal end of the elongate member 102 may be rotated to align the distal opening 116-2 with the target nodule based on the indication of the marker 122 in the generated image. In some such instances, once aligned, one or more needles may be used to contact and / or penetrate the target nodule. In various embodiments, the marker may be embedded in a wall of a lumen, such as the wall of the second lumen 114-2. As will be appreciated, device rotation (e.g., radial orientation of the markers and needle) allows for more efficient biopsy of eccentric nodules, for example, when biopsying target tissue that has irregular edges, is asymmetrically shaped, does not extend around the entire circumference of a body lumen, etc., where control or orientation and position of the needle may be more critical.

[0027] As an example, the marker 122 may be oriented around the imaging window at a known angle from the distal opening 116-1. In such a case, for example, when targeting a lung nodule for core biopsy, the marker 122 may be oriented on the radial ultrasound image at a known angle (e.g., an offset angle) from the intended biopsy site so that the needle exiting the distal opening 116-1 is precisely aligned with the biopsy site (needle orientation control may further aid in this). In a further such example, the marker 122 may be oriented 180 degrees opposite the intended biopsy site on the radial ultrasound image. In many embodiments, the known angle from the intended biopsy site may be configured such that tolerances may be provided. For example, the marker 122 may be oriented 180±35 degrees from the intended biopsy site on the radial ultrasound image. Utilizing an offset angle may prevent the marker 122 from obstructing direct imaging of the target site while still providing an indication of where the needle will contact / pierce the target site.

[0028] 2A-2C illustrate various aspects of elongate member 202 in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 2A illustrates a cross-sectional view of elongate member 202 having lumens 214-1, 214-2. FIG. 2B illustrates inserts 228-1, 228-2 (or insert 228) and needle 204-1 having needle lumen 226-1 disposed within lumen 214-2. FIG. 2C illustrates insert 228 with needle 204-2 having needle lumen 226-2 disposed within lumen 214. In various embodiments, insert 228 may be associated with features of needle 204 such that the orientation of the needle is maintained as it is moved proximally and distally within elongate member 202. In some embodiments, insert 228 may be associated with features of needle 204 such that the needle's orientation is maintained as it is moved proximally and distally within elongate member 202. In some embodiments, insert 228 may be associated with features of needle 204 such that the needle's range of movement in one or more of the proximal and distal directions is limited. For example, the distance the needle can extend proximally out of lumen 214-2 may be limited. In some embodiments, Figures 2A-2C may include one or more components that are the same as or similar to one or more other components of the present disclosure. Additionally, one or more components of Figures 2A-2C, or aspects thereof, may be incorporated into other embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, needle 204-1 and / or needle 204-2 may be the same as or similar to one or more of needles 104. The embodiments are not limited in this regard.

[0029] In various embodiments, the needle may include one or more surfaces that contact one or more inserts to maintain the needle's orientation. With reference to FIG. 2B, needle 204-1 includes a first surface that contacts insert 228-1 and a second surface that contacts insert 228-2. Similarly, with reference to FIG. 2C, needle 204-2 includes a first and second surface that contacts insert 228-1 and a second surface that contacts insert 228-2. As described in more detail below with respect to FIGS. 3A-3D, the contact surface may take on various form factors to control the needle's orientation within the lumen. The needle's surface that contacts the insert may be prepared in various ways, such as grinding, pressing, cold working, stamping, machining, multi-dimensional printing, molding, and casting. The manner in which the needle's contact surface is formed may affect the needle lumen. For example, needle lumen 226-2 of needle 204-2 may be elliptical due to the use of a mechanical press to form the contact surface. However, needle lumen 226-1 of needle 204-1 may remain circular due to the use of grinding to form the contact surface. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, lumens 214-1, 214-2 may have different diameters. In various embodiments, the diameter of one or more of the lumens may be selected to prevent kinking or maintain column strength.

[0030] 3A-3D show exemplary inserts 328A-1, 328A-2, 328B, 328C, 328D and needles 304B, 304C for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 3A shows a cross-sectional view of inserts 328A-1, 328A-2. Insert 328A-1 may include lumen contacting portion 332A-1 and needle contacting portion 334A-1, and insert 328A-2 may include lumen contacting portion 332A-2 and needle contacting portion 334A-2. FIG. 3B shows a cross-sectional view of insert 328B along with needle 304B. Insert 328B may include lumen contacting portion 332B and needle contacting portion 334B, and needle 304B may include insert contacting portion 330B and needle lumen 326B. FIG. 3C shows a cross-sectional view of insert 328C with needle 304C. Insert 328C may include lumen contacting portion 332C and needle contacting portion 334C, and needle 304B may include insert contacting portion 330B and needle lumen 326B. FIG. 3D shows a cross-sectional view of insert 328D. Insert 328D may include lumen contacting portion 332D and needle contacting portion 334D. In some embodiments, FIGS. 3A-3D may include one or more components that are the same as or similar to one or more other components of the present disclosure. Furthermore, one or more components of FIGS. 3A-3D, or aspects thereof, may be incorporated into other embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, needle 304C may be incorporated into biopsy device 100 with insert 328C without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments are not limited in this regard.

[0031] In various embodiments, inserts 328 may function in conjunction with features of a corresponding needle (e.g., insert 328B and needle 304B) to maintain orientation (e.g., the rotational orientation of the needle as it is moved proximally and distally within the lumen of the elongate member). For example, a needle contacting portion of each insert may engage an insert contacting portion of a corresponding needle. In some embodiments, the needle may be constrained to a range of orientations by the insert. For example, the needle may be capable of rotating 5 degrees within the lumen. Additionally, each insert may include a lumen contacting portion for contacting the wall of the lumen when positioned within the lumen.

[0032] More generally, the contact surfaces may take on any shape, contour, or pattern. For example, the contact surfaces may include one or more curved, angled, and / or rectilinear surfaces. In many embodiments, the contact surfaces may maintain a substantially uniform cross-sectional shape. In many such embodiments, the substantially uniform cross-sectional shape allows corresponding contact surfaces to move proximally or distally relative to one another. In some embodiments, the change in cross-sectional shape may be utilized to implement a restriction on the proximal or distal movement of the needle. In some embodiments, corresponding contact surfaces may be associated.

[0033] FIG. 4 illustrates various aspects of an elongate member 402 for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 4 includes a side cross-sectional view of an elongate member 402 having lumens 414-1, 414-2. The illustrated embodiment illustrates limiting proximal and / or distal movement of a needle 404 having an insert 428, such as due to a change in the cross-sectional shape of an insert contact portion 430 and / or a needle contact portion 434. In some embodiments, FIG. 4 may include one or more components that are the same as or similar to one or more other components of the present disclosure. Additionally, one or more components of FIG. 4, or aspects thereof, may be incorporated into other embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the insert 428 and the needle 404 may be the same as or similar to the insert 228-1 and the needle 204-1. The embodiments are not limited in this regard.

[0034] 5A and 5B show various aspects of a needle 504 for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 5A includes a needle 504 having a solid bore 535 and a needle lumen 526 having openings 536-1, 536-2 distal to the solid bore 535. In the illustrated embodiment, the openings 536-1, 536-2 may be orthogonal to one another. FIG. 5B includes a needle 504 having a sheath 538 disposed around a portion of the needle. In some embodiments, FIGS. 5A and 5B may include one or more components that are the same as or similar to one or more other components of the present disclosure. Additionally, one or more components, or aspects thereof, of FIGS. 5A and 5B may be incorporated into other embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the needle 504 may be incorporated into a biopsy device 100 without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments are not limited in this regard.

[0035] The solid bore (or core) of the needle 504 may result in a sturdy needle with increased column strength and increased bending strength compared to hollow bore needles. This allows the needle 504 to be inserted and removed from a lumen (e.g., of an ultrasound catheter or dual lumen catheter) without damaging the needle. In various embodiments, the opening 536-2 allows air to exit the needle when a sample is being acquired, preventing pressure buildup within the needle lumen 526 that would impede or limit the ability to acquire and retain a tissue sample therein. Additionally, the opening 536-2 may facilitate removal of the sample from the needle lumen 526. For example, a stylet may be inserted through the opening 536-2 to eject the sample. In another example, a positive pressure may be created in the proximal portion of the needle lumen 526 through the opening 536-2 to eject the sample.

[0036] 5B may comprise a vapor-sealed sheath that surrounds a portion of the needle 504. In various embodiments, the sheath 538 may provide a vacuum within the needle lumen 526 as the needle 504 is withdrawn from the sample site. The vacuum created may retain a larger sample within the needle lumen 526, thereby providing an improved and repeatable sampling process for eccentric nodes. In some embodiments, the sheath 538 may include a valve, such as a one-way valve. For example, the sheath 538 may include a one-way valve that allows fluid to exit the opening 536-2 to avoid pressure buildup within the needle lumen 526 that would impede or limit the ability to obtain and retain a tissue sample therein.

[0037] FIG. 6 illustrates a distal portion of a needle 604 for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 6 includes a side view of the needle 604 having openings 636-1, 636-2, a scoop 640, and a tray 643. In many embodiments, the scoop 640 allows for multi-directional sample acquisition. For example, the opening 636-1 at the distal end of the needle 604 may acquire a first tissue sample as the needle moves proximally into the target site, and the scoop 640 may cut a second tissue sample through the opening 636-2 into the tray 642 as the needle moves distally out of the target site. In some embodiments, the multi-directional sample acquisition may include linear and / or rotational movement for sample acquisition. In some embodiments, FIG. 6 may include one or more components that are the same as or similar to one or more other components of the present disclosure. Additionally, one or more components of FIG. 6, or aspects thereof, may be incorporated into other embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, insert 428 and needle 404 may be the same as or similar to insert 228-1 and needle 204-1, although embodiments are not limited in this regard.

[0038] In some embodiments, the scoop 640 may transition between a folded configuration and an unfolded configuration. In some embodiments, FIG. 6 may show the scoop in an unfolded configuration, while in the folded configuration, one or more portions of the scoop 640 may move within the tray 642. For example, in the folded configuration, the scoop 640 may fit within the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion of the needle 604.

[0039] In many embodiments, the scoop 640 may be biased in the expanded configuration. In many such embodiments, the scoop 640 may transition to a folded configuration due to pressure on a proximal surface of the scoop 640. For example, the scoop 640 may transition to a folded configuration when penetrating distally into a target tissue. In such an example, the scoop 640 may return to the deployed configuration prior to or in response to being removed proximally from the target tissue. Thus, in some embodiments, the scoop 640 may be comprised of a shape memory material.

[0040] FIG. 7 illustrates a distal portion of a needle 704 for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 7 includes a side cross-sectional view of a needle 704 having a needle lumen 726 with a helical element 744 disposed therein. In some embodiments, the helical component 744 can cut and draw sample tissue into the needle lumen 726. For example, the helical component 744 can function similar to a water screw. In many embodiments, the helical component can be rotated by a power source. In one or more embodiments, the power source can also be utilized to rotate an imaging transducer, such as during radial ultrasound imaging with an ultrasound catheter 106. In some embodiments, FIG. 7 can include one or more components that are the same as or similar to one or more other components of the present disclosure. Additionally, one or more components of FIG. 7, or aspects thereof, can be incorporated into other embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, a solid bore of the needle 504 can be incorporated into the needle 704 without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments are not limited in this regard.

[0041] 8A-8D show various aspects of a needle 804 for a biopsy device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. More specifically, FIG. 8A shows a distal portion of needle 804 with components 850-1, 850-2 engaged together in a piercing configuration with needle cavity 852. FIG. 8B shows a base 854 of needle cavity 852 with components 850-1, 850-2 engaged together in a sample removal configuration. Thus, one or more of components 850-1, 850-2 may move linearly relative to one another (as may an insert and needle). FIG. 8C shows a cross-sectional view of needle cavity 852 proximate cavity base 584. In some embodiments, needle 804 may move to a solid bore proximal to cavity base 854. FIG. 8D shows a cross-sectional view of needle 804 having component 850-1 including interlocking feature 851-1 and component 850-2 including interlocking feature 851-2. In many embodiments, interlocking feature 851-2 may comprise a solid bore. Interlocking features 851-1, 851-2 allow components 850 to move linearly relative to each other without allowing the proximal end of one component to move beyond the distal end of the other component, preventing separation of the components. In some embodiments, FIGS. 8A-8D may include one or more components that are the same as or similar to one or more other components of the present disclosure. Additionally, one or more components of FIGS. 8A-8D, or aspects thereof, may be incorporated into other embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, aspects of insert contact portion 430 of needle 404 that engage needle contact portion 434 of needle 404 may be incorporated into needle 804 to limit proximal and / or distal movement of components 850-1, 850-2 relative to one another. In another example, the cross-sectional shapes of interlocking features 851-1, 851-2 may be incorporated into the corresponding insert-needle pair without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments are not limited in this regard.

[0042] The medical devices of the present disclosure are not limited to bronchoscopes, but may include a variety of medical devices for accessing body passageways, including, for example, catheters, ureteroscopes, duodenoscopes, colonoscopes, arthroscopes, cystoscopes, hysteroscopes, and the like. Additionally, in some embodiments, references to endoscopy, endoscopic, endoscopes, and the like may generally refer to any medical device that is inserted into a body lumen. In one or more embodiments, a body passageway may be accessed for a biopsy procedure. For example, a bronchoscope may be inserted into a patient for a lung nodule biopsy procedure (the location of the lung nodule may be pre-determined based on virtual mapping and / or radiology, and the like). Once the bronchoscope is positioned, a medical biopsy device may be inserted through the working channel and may exit beyond the distal end (e.g., 15 centimeters) of the bronchoscope.

[0043] In some embodiments, an imaging transducer may then be actuated within the airway to provide real-time imaging of the pulmonary nodule. Based on the real-time imaging and marker indication of the pulmonary nodule, the medical imaging device may be positioned to biopsy the pulmonary nodule. Once positioned, the biopsy needle may be actuated one or more times to obtain one or more core samples within the hollow biopsy needle. Additionally, suction and aspiration through the needle may be used to remove the sample(s) from the hollow biopsy needle. Additionally, one or more steps of this process may be repeated as necessary at the same or other locations of the nodule and / or at other locations in the same or other pulmonary airways of the lung.

[0044] All of the devices and / or methods disclosed and claimed herein can be made and executed without undue experimentation in light of the present disclosure. While the devices and methods of the present disclosure have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be applied to the devices and / or methods, and to the steps or sequence of steps of the methods described herein, without departing from the concept, spirit and scope of the present disclosure. All such similar substitutes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are contemplated within the spirit, scope and concept of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. an elongate member having a proximal portion, a distal portion, and an internal lumen, the internal lumen including a proximal opening and a distal opening, and extending from the proximal portion to the distal portion of the elongate member; a needle disposed within the lumen and including an insert contact portion; an insert disposed within the lumen, the insert comprising a lumen contacting portion and a needle contacting portion, the insert configured to engage the insert contacting portion of the needle disposed within the lumen and maintain a rotational orientation of the needle; A biopsy device, wherein the needle contact portion and the insert contact portion include corresponding engagement features.

2. The biopsy device of claim 1 , wherein the insert limits proximal or distal movement of the needle disposed within the lumen.

3. The biopsy device of claim 1 , wherein the insert contact portion comprises a flat surface created by removing material from a curved surface of the needle.

4. The biopsy device of claim 1 , wherein the insert contacting portion of the needle is configured to slide along the needle contacting portion of the insert when the needle and the insert are engaged.

5. The biopsy device of claim 4 comprising a polymeric stylet disposed within the needle.

6. The biopsy device of claim 4 or 5, wherein the needle is configured to slide longitudinally when the insert contact portion is engaged with the needle contact portion.

7. 7. The biopsy device of claim 4, wherein the needle contacting portion of the insert extends a first length along the longitudinal axis of the elongate member and the insert contacting portion of the needle extends a second length along the longitudinal axis of the elongate member, the first length being shorter than the second length.

8. The biopsy device of claim 1 , wherein the lumen contacting portion comprises a curved surface and the needle contacting portion comprises a flat surface.

9. The biopsy device of claim 1 , wherein the needle contact portion comprises one or more of a channel, a groove, and a zigzag.

10. The biopsy device of claim 1 , wherein the needle contact portion comprises a channel extending along a longitudinal axis of the elongate member.

11. The biopsy device of claim 1 , wherein the elongate member comprises a second lumen, the distal opening of the lumen being orthogonal to the distal opening of the second lumen.

12. 12. The biopsy device of claim 1, wherein the needle includes a needle lumen having a first opening and a second opening, the first opening and the second opening being in a distal half of the needle.

13. The biopsy device of claim 12 , wherein the first opening of the needle lumen is orthogonal to the second opening of the needle lumen.

14. The biopsy device of claim 12 or 13, comprising a sheath disposed around a portion of the needle, the sheath covering the first opening of the needle lumen.

15. The biopsy device of claim 12 , wherein the needle includes a scoop disposed adjacent the first opening.

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