Lubricating oil composition for automotive transmissions

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition comprising: at least one base oil; and at least one additive having the formula (I), wherein R and R 1 are selected independently from one another from: a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms; R and R 1 At least one radical of is a hydrocarbon group containing at least two ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units. JPEG2025536592000012.jpg3551

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lubricating oil compositions, particularly for use in motor vehicles, especially for lubricating motor vehicle transmission parts, especially gears in the transmission of an internal combustion engine or an electric motor. [Background technology]

[0002] Automotive transmission components operate under high loads and high speeds, so oils (also called "lubricating oil compositions" or "lubricants") for these transmissions must be particularly effective in protecting the components from wear, particularly from the phenomenon of gear seizure (or scoring / scuffing) of gear teeth.

[0003] Seizure occurs under high load conditions and can be assessed by monitoring visual degradation.

[0004] Prevention of this phenomenon involves reducing contact stresses by ensuring proper geometry of the parts and reducing friction by avoiding adhesion. The lubricating oil composition plays a key role in this prevention process, mainly through the physicochemical reactivity of its additives.

[0005] Sulfur, phosphorus, or boron containing anti-wear, extreme pressure additives are commonly added to transmission oils to impart anti-seize properties. Other additives present in the lubricating oil composition may also have a positive or negative effect on this phenomenon.

[0006] Another advantage offered by the subject matter of the present invention is the avoidance of the need to introduce any additives, in particular sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear additives. In transmission oils, and in particular in transmission oils for electric vehicles, it is desirable to limit, or indeed completely eliminate, sulfur in order to limit the occurrence of corrosion phenomena and to limit the conductivity values ​​to the required level.

[0007] Advantageously, the object of the present invention further relates to a composition that is completely free of zinc-based antiwear additives.

[0008] Document EP 3546550 discloses a composition comprising a reaction product from the reaction of an acidic phosphoric acid ester with a nitrogen compound.

[0009] Document EP 3812445 discloses a composition comprising an acidic phosphoric acid ester containing a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0010] The compounds described in these documents do not always exhibit satisfactory lubricating properties, particularly in terms of durability and load-bearing capacity.

[0011] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a composition that functions to lubricate manual or automatic transmission components, particularly transmission gears in internal combustion engine vehicles or, preferably, electric vehicles, which composition exhibits good durability and is free of any sulfur-based additives. Summary of the Invention

[0012] More specifically, the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition comprising: with at least one base oil; Formula (I): [ka] and at least one additive having In the formula, R and R 1 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms; R and R 1 At least one radical of is a hydrocarbon group containing at least two ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units.

[0013] Preferably, R and R 1 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group; R and R 1at least one radical of R is an alkyl or alkenyl group further containing at least two ethoxylated units; preferably selected from linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups; R and R 1 At least one radical of is an alkyl or alkenyl group further containing at least two ethoxylated units.

[0014] Preferably, R and / or R 1 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, and the hydrocarbon group is one of the following: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - consisting of 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units; R or R 1 At least one radical of: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - a hydrocarbon group consisting of 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units; Preferably, the two radicals R and R 1 are, independently of each other: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; It is understood that the hydrocarbon radical is selected from hydrocarbon radicals composed of 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the lubricating oil composition comprises: - 250 to 1300 ppm by weight of phosphorus, preferably 400 to 1400 ppm by weight of phosphorus provided by one or more additives having formula (I); and / or Contains less than 10 ppm by weight of sulfur, preferably less than 5 ppm by weight of sulfur, more preferably less than 1 ppm by weight of sulfur.

[0016] According to one preferred embodiment, the lubricating oil composition further comprises at least one additive selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; preferably phosphites containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms; preferably phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the lubricating oil composition comprises 0.01 to 10 wt. %, preferably 0.05 to 5 wt. %, more preferably 0.1 to 3 wt. % of one or more additives having formula (I) relative to the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the lubricating oil composition comprises, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition: - 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I); 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives selected from phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0019] According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating oil composition further comprises at least one dispersant, preferably a borated dispersant, more preferably a borated dispersant selected from borated succinimides, even more preferably a borated polyisobutene succinimide.

[0020] According to one preferred embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises: based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition: at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more non-aqueous base oils; - 0.01 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I); 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives chosen from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; Optionally, 0.1 to 15 wt %, preferably 1 to 10 wt %, of one or more functional additives preferably selected from dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0021] Preferably, the kinematic viscosity at 100°C of the one or more base oils is 1.5 to 35 cSt.

[0022] The present invention also relates to the use of a lubricating oil composition according to the invention for lubricating at least one mechanical part of a motor vehicle, preferably present in a transmission part of the motor vehicle, preferably in a gear of the motor vehicle.

[0023] The present invention also relates to the use of an additive in a lubricating oil composition comprising at least one base oil to improve the load-carrying capacity of the lubricating oil composition, said additive being represented by formula (I): [ka] and During the ceremony, -R and R 1 are independently selected from: a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms; R and R 1 At least one radical of is a hydrocarbon group containing at least two ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the additive having formula (I) is present in the lubricating oil composition in combination with an additive selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably in the following proportions, relative to the total weight of the lubricating oil composition: 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I): One or more additives selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms are used in an amount of 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the lubricating oil composition in which the additive is used is as defined in the present invention.

[0026] In particular, lubricating oil compositions embodied in the use of the additive according to the invention advantageously exhibit one or more of the following characteristics: -R and R 1 are independently selected from: a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group; R and R 1 at least one radical of R and R is an alkyl or alkenyl group further containing at least two ethoxylated units, preferably selected from linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups; 1 at least one radical of which is an alkyl or alkenyl group further containing at least two ethoxylated units; and / or -R and / or R 1 are, independently of one another, hydrogen atoms or any of the following: a preferably linear alkyl chain containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; selected from hydrocarbon radicals composed of 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units; Here, R or R 1 At least one radical of: a preferably linear alkyl chain containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; a hydrocarbon group consisting of 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units; Preferably, the two radicals R and R 1 are, independently of each other: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - understood to be chosen from hydrocarbon radicals composed of 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units; and / or -a lubricating oil composition comprising: 250 to 1300 ppm by weight of phosphorus, preferably 400 to 1400 ppm by weight of phosphorus provided by one or more additives having formula (I); and / or contains less than 10 ppm by weight of sulfur, preferably less than 5 ppm by weight, more preferably less than 1 ppm by weight of sulfur; and / or the lubricating oil composition is selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; preferably from phosphites containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms; preferably from phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and / or the lubricating oil composition comprises from 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 5% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 3% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I), relative to the total weight of the lubricating oil composition; and / or the lubricating oil composition comprising, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition: 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I); 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives selected from phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and / or the lubricating oil composition further comprises at least one dispersant, preferably a boronated dispersant, more preferably a boronated dispersant selected from boronated succinimides, even more preferably boronated polyisobutene succinimides; and / or the lubricating oil composition comprising, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition: at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more non-aqueous base oils; 0.01 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I); 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; optionally 0.1 to 15 wt. %, preferably 1 to 10 wt. %, of one or more functional additives, preferably selected from dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof; and / or The kinematic viscosity at 100°C of one or more base oils is 1.5 to 35 cSt.

[0027] The lubricating oil composition according to the invention offers the advantage of having very good properties in reducing the phenomenon of gear scoring / scuffing.

[0028] The lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention also exhibit good durability.

[0029] The lubricating oil compositions exhibit particularly satisfactory performance levels with respect to wear reduction even under high loads, even in the absence of sulfur-based additives and / or in the absence of zinc-based additives.

[0030] In the remainder of this document, the terms "between and," "from to," and "through" are used interchangeably and are intended to indicate inclusion of both endpoints unless otherwise specified.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, amounts in products are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the product. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] The present invention: with at least one base oil; - at least one anti-wear additive having the formula (I):

[0033] (Acidic phosphate ester-type anti-wear additive having formula (I)) The lubricating oil composition according to the present invention comprises a compound of formula (I): [ka] and at least one acidic phosphate ester type additive having During the ceremony: -R and R 1 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms; R and R 1 At least one radical of is a hydrocarbon group containing at least two ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units.

[0034] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "hydrocarbon group" is understood to refer to a hydrocarbon chain (comprising carbon and hydrogen atoms) optionally containing one or more heteroatoms such as oxygen or nitrogen atoms.

[0035] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "ethoxylated unit" is understood to refer to the divalent group -OCH2CH2-.

[0036] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "propoxylated unit" is understood to refer to the divalent group -OCH2CH(CH3)- or -OCH2CH2CH2-.

[0037] Preferably, R and R 1 are selected independently from one another from linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups containing at least two ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units.

[0038] More preferably, R and R 1 are independently selected from linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups, and R and R 1 At least one radical of is an alkyl or alkenyl group further containing at least two ethoxylated units.

[0039] Advantageously, R and / or R 1 comprises 2 to 20 ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units, preferably ethoxylated units. According to one embodiment, R and / or R1 contains from 2 to 15 ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units, preferably ethoxylated units, or indeed from 3 to 10 ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units, preferably ethoxylated units.

[0040] Preferably, R and R 1 The groups comprise, independently of one another, in addition to ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units, a preferably linear alkyl chain containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0041] Thus, according to one embodiment, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one anti-wear additive having formula (I), in which R and / or R 1 are, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or one of the following: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - selected from hydrocarbon radicals composed of 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units, R or R 1 At least one radical of: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - a hydrocarbon group consisting of 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units; Preferably, the two radicals R and R 1 are, independently of each other: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; It is understood that the hydrocarbon radical is selected from hydrocarbon radicals composed of 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units.

[0042] The lubricating oil composition may optionally contain a mixture of compounds having formula (I), which may differ, for example, in the number of ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units and / or the number of carbon atoms.

[0043] Preferably, the anti-wear product having formula (I) provides 250 to 1300 ppm by weight of phosphorus.

[0044] Preferably, the anti-wear additive having formula (I) represents 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the lubricating oil composition according to the invention.

[0045] (Phosphite-type anti-wear additive) According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention, the additive having formula (I) is combined with a phosphite type additive.

[0046] Thus, according to one advantageous embodiment of the invention, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention further comprises at least one anti-wear additive selected from phosphites containing from 1 to 24 carbon atoms; preferably phosphites containing from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0047] Advantageously, the phosphite-type anti-wear additive is chosen from phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0048] In a particularly advantageous manner, the phosphite-type anti-wear additive is dibutyl hydrogen phosphite.

[0049] According to one embodiment, the phosphite-type anti-wear additive represents from 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the lubricating oil composition according to the invention.

[0050] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating oil composition comprises, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition: having formula (I), in which R and R 1are selected independently from one another from: a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms; R and R 1 0.01 to 5 wt. %, preferably 0.02 to 2 wt. %, of one or more antiwear additives, at least one radical of which is a hydrocarbon group containing at least two ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units; 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more anti-wear additives selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms.

[0051] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating oil composition comprises, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition: having formula (I), in which R and R 1 are independently selected from: a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group; R and R 1 0.01 to 5 wt. %, preferably 0.02 to 2 wt. %, of one or more antiwear additives, at least one of which radicals is an alkyl or alkenyl group further containing at least two ethoxylated units; 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more anti-wear additives selected from phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0052] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating oil composition comprises, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition: having formula (I), in which R and R 1 are independently selected from linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups, and R and R 1 0.01 to 5 wt. %, preferably 0.02 to 2 wt. %, of one or more antiwear additives, at least one of which radicals is an alkyl or alkenyl group further containing at least two ethoxylated units; 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more anti-wear additives selected from phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0053] (base oil) The lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises one or more base oils, preferably in a content of at least 70% by weight, preferably between 75 and 99.5% by weight, preferably between 80 and 99% by weight, preferentially preferably between 85 and 98% by weight, relative to the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

[0054] Preferably, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises at least one base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C according to ASTM D445 standard of 1.5 to 35 cSt. Advantageously, the base oil of the lubricating oil composition according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 1.5 to 35 cSt.

[0055] These base oils may be selected from those conventionally used in the lubricating oil field, such as mineral oils, synthetic or natural oils, animal or vegetable oils, or mixtures thereof. Typically, the base oils are non-aqueous base oils.

[0056] It may also be a mixture of multiple base oils, such as a mixture of two, three or four base oils.

[0057] The base oil of the lubricating oil composition considered in the present invention may in particular be a mineral or synthetic oil belonging to groups I to V of the categories defined by the American Petroleum Institute (API) classification (or equivalent according to the ATIEL - European Technical Association of the Lubricating Oil Industry classification), as set out in Table 1 below, or a mixture thereof.

[0058] [Table 1]

[0059] Mineral oil base oils include all types of base oils obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil and subsequently subjected to refining operations such as solvent extraction, deasphalting, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreating, hydrocracking, hydroisomerization and hydrofinishing.

[0060] Blends of synthetic and mineral oils (which may be bio-based) may also be used.

[0061] There are generally no limitations as to the use of different base oils to prepare compositions operatively implemented in accordance with the present invention, provided that the properties, particularly viscosity, viscosity index or antioxidant properties, are suitable for use in electric or hybrid vehicle propulsion systems.

[0062] The base oil of the compositions operatively practiced in accordance with the present invention may be selected from synthetic oils such as certain esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols; polyalphaolefins (PAOs); and polyalkylene glycols (PAGs) obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of alkylene oxides containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, particularly from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0063] The PAOs used as base oils are derived, for example, from monomers containing 4 to 32 carbon atoms, such as octene or decene. The weight average molecular weight of the PAOs can vary widely. Preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the PAO is less than 600 Da. The weight average molecular weight of the PAOs can be 100 to 600 Da, 150 to 600 Da, or even 200 to 600 Da.

[0064] Advantageously, the base oil or oils of the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention may be selected from Group II or III base oils.

[0065] According to an alternative embodiment, the one or more base oils of the composition operatively practiced in accordance with the present invention are selected from polyalphaolefins (PAOs), polyalkylene glycols (PAGs) and esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols.

[0066] (Other auxiliary additives) The lubricating oil composition according to the present invention may further comprise any type of functional additive suitable for use in motor vehicles, in particular in lubricating oils for manual or automatic transmissions of motor vehicles, other than the anti-wear additive having formula (I) and the phosphite-type anti-wear additive defined in the present invention.

[0067] Such additives are known to those skilled in the art of automotive lubrication and may be selected from detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoam or defoaming agents, viscosity index improvers (or viscosity modifiers), and mixtures thereof.

[0068] Advantageously, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one functional additive selected from detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoams or defoamers, viscosity index improvers (or viscosity modifiers), and mixtures thereof.

[0069] Typically, when present, these additional functional additives comprise from 0.1 to 15 wt %, preferably from 1 to 10 wt % (in total) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

[0070] These additives may be introduced individually and / or in the form of mixtures similar to those already available in commercial automotive engine lubricant formulations having performance levels defined by ACEA (European Automobile Manufacturers Association) and / or API (American Petroleum Institute), as is well known to those skilled in the art.

[0071] The lubricating oil composition according to the present invention may contain at least one antioxidant additive.

[0072] Antioxidant additives generally serve to retard degradation of the composition during on-line use, which may result in deposit formation or an increase in viscosity of the composition, especially in the presence of sludge.

[0073] The antioxidant additive acts in particular as a radical inhibitor or hydroperoxide decomposer (or scavenger). Commonly used antioxidant additives that may be mentioned include phenolic antioxidant additives and amine antioxidant additives. The phenolic antioxidant additive may be ashless, or alternatively, may be in the form of a neutral or basic metal salt. The antioxidant additive may be selected in particular from sterically hindered phenols; sterically hindered phenol esters; sterically hindered phenols with thioether bridges; diphenylamines; diphenylamines substituted with at least one C1-C12 alkyl group; N,N'-dialkyl-aryl-diamines; and mixtures thereof.

[0074] Preferably, according to the present invention, the sterically hindered phenol has at least one vicinal carbon adjacent to the carbon bearing the alcohol functional group, and at least one C-C 10 It is selected from compounds comprising a phenol group substituted with an alkyl group, preferably a C1-C6 alkyl group, preferably a C4 alkyl group, preferably a tert-butyl group.

[0075] Amino compounds are another class of antioxidant additives that may optionally be used in combination with phenolic antioxidant additives. Examples of amino compounds include aromatic amines, such as those of the formula NR 10 R 11 R 12 Aromatic amines having the formula 10 represents an optionally substituted aliphatic or aromatic group; R 11 represents an optionally substituted aromatic group; R 12 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a group of the formula R 13 S(O)zR 14 (In the formula, R 13 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, and R 14 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an aryl group, and z represents 0, 1, or 2).

[0076] Sulfurized alkylphenols or their alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts can also be used as antioxidant additives.

[0077] Copper compounds constitute another class of antioxidant additives, such as salts of copper with carboxylic acids, copper phenates, copper acetylacetonates, etc. Copper I and II salts, salts of succinic acid or succinic anhydride may also be used.

[0078] The lubricating oil composition according to the present invention may contain all types of antioxidant additives known to those skilled in the art.

[0079] Advantageously, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises at least one ashless antioxidant additive.

[0080] The lubricating oil composition according to the present invention may comprise from 0.5 to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, of at least one antioxidant additive.

[0081] The lubricating oil composition according to the present invention may also contain at least one detergent additive.

[0082] Detergent additives generally provide a means of reducing deposit formation on metal component surfaces by dissolving oxidation and combustion by-products.

[0083] Detergent additives that can be used in the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention are generally known to those skilled in the art. The detergent additives may be anionic compounds containing a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head. The associated cation may be a metal cation of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.

[0084] The detergent additives are preferably selected from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, salicylates, naphthenates, and phenates. The alkali and alkaline earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium, or barium.

[0085] These metal salts generally contain the metal in a stoichiometric amount or actually in an excess amount, i.e., greater than the stoichiometric amount. They are therefore overbased detergent additives; the excess metal that imparts the overbasing character to the detergent additive is generally in the form of an oil-insoluble metal salt, such as carbonate, hydroxide, oxalate, acetate, glutamate, preferentially carbonate.

[0086] Lubricating oil compositions suitable for the present invention may, for example, contain from 0.5 to 4% by weight of detergent additive, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0087] The lubricating oil composition according to the present invention may also contain at least one dispersant, which typically serves to ensure the maintenance in suspension and removal of insoluble solid contaminants consisting of oxidation by-products formed when the lubricating oil composition is used in service.

[0088] The dispersant may be selected from Mannich bases; succinimide type compounds, such as optionally boronated polyisobutene succinimides (PIBSI); or boronated dispersants other than succinimides; preferably boronated dispersants; more preferably boronated succinimide dispersants, especially boronated PIBSI.

[0089] Lubricating oil compositions according to the invention may, for example, contain from 0.2 to 10% by weight of one or more dispersants relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0090] The lubricating oil composition according to the present invention may further comprise at least one antifoam agent.

[0091] The antifoaming agent may be selected from silicones.

[0092] The lubricating oil composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.01 to 2% or from 0.01 to 5% by weight, and preferentially from 0.1 to 1.5% or from 0.1 to 2% by weight, of an antifoaming agent relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0093] Lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention may contain at least one pour point depressant (PPD) additive.

[0094] Pour point depressant additives generally improve the low temperature behavior of a composition by retarding the formation of paraffin crystals. Examples that may be mentioned of pour point depressant additives include alkyl polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyarylamides, polyalkylphenols, polyalkylnaphthalenes, and alkylated polystyrenes.

[0095] The lubricating oil composition according to the present invention may also contain at least one viscosity index improver (or VI modifier). Examples that may be mentioned of VI improvers include polymethacrylates, polyisobutenes or fatty acid esters. When present, these additives may represent 1 to 25 wt. % of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

[0096] Preferably, the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention does not contain any zinc-containing anti-wear additives.

[0097] For formulating such lubricating oil compositions, one or more anti-wear additives according to the present invention may be added to a base oil or mixture of base oils, followed by the addition of other supplemental additives.

[0098] Alternatively, one or more anti-wear additives according to the present invention may be added to existing conventional lubricating oil formulations, particularly those containing one or more base oils and, optionally, other auxiliary additives.

[0099] Alternatively, one or more anti-wear additives according to the present invention may be combined with one or more additional additives, if present, and the "additive package" thus formed may be added to a base oil or blend of base oils.

[0100] Advantageously, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 300 mm, measured at 40°C according to the ASTM D445 standard. 2 / s, especially 10-25mm 2 / s.

[0101] Advantageously, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity measured at 100°C according to the ASTM D445 standard of between 1 and 20 mm 2 / s, especially 2-15mm 2 / s.

[0102] Preferably, the lubricating oil composition contains 400 to 1400 ppm by weight of phosphorus, of which advantageously 250 to 1300 ppm by weight of phosphorus is provided by the antiwear agent having formula (I).

[0103] Preferably, the lubricating oil composition is substantially sulfur-free, preferably completely sulfur-free.

[0104] In particular, the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention is preferably free of sulfur-containing additives.

[0105] Thus, lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention will typically contain less than 10 ppm by weight of sulfur, or indeed less than 5 ppm by weight of sulfur, or even less than 1 ppm by weight of sulfur.

[0106] According to one particular embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises or actually consists of: - base oil or mixture of base oils; antiwear additives having formula (I); optionally an antiwear additive selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; optionally one or more additional additives selected from dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0107] According to one particular embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises or actually consists of: based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more base oils; 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.05 to 5% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives of formula (I); optionally 0.05 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives chosen from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; - optionally 0.1 to 15 wt. %, preferably 1 to 10 wt. %, of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0108] According to one particular embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises: based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more base oils; 0.01 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I); - 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; - optionally 0.1 to 15 wt. %, preferably 1 to 10 wt. %, of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0109] According to one particular embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention comprises: based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more base oils; - 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 5% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives of formula (I); 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; optionally comprising or essentially consisting of 0.1 to 15 wt. %, preferably 1 to 10 wt. %, of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof, The composition contains less than 10 ppm by weight of sulfur.

[0110] According to one particular embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises or actually consists of: based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more base oils; 0.01 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives of formula (I); 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; - optionally 0.1 to 15 wt. %, preferably 1 to 10 wt. %, of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0111] According to one particular embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises or actually consists of: based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more base oils; having formula (I), in which R and / or R 1 but, independently of each other, the following: - alkyl chains containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units 0.01 to 5 wt. %, preferably 0.02 to 2 wt. %, of one or more anti-wear additives selected from the hydrocarbon group consisting of: - 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives chosen from phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; - optionally 0.1 to 15 wt. %, preferably 1 to 10 wt. %, of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0112] According to one particular embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises or comprises: It consists of: based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more base oils; 0.01 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives of formula (I); 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; 0.5 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more dispersants, preferably chosen from boronated dispersants; Optionally, 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0113] According to one particular embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention comprises or consists of: based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more base oils; having formula (I), in which R and / or R 1 but, independently of each other, the following: - alkyl chains containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units 0.01 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more anti-wear additives selected from the hydrocarbon group consisting of: 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more antiwear additives selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; 0.5 to 5 wt. %, preferably 0.1 to 2 wt. %, of one or more dispersants, preferably selected from boronated dispersants; Optionally, 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0114] The object of the present invention also relates to the use of the lubricating oil composition according to the invention for lubricating the gears of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular the transmission, which may be a manual or automatic transmission.

[0115] Preferably, the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention is used to reduce wear of mechanical parts of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular motor vehicle gears. Thus, according to this embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention provides a means for reducing wear of transmission gears.

[0116] Preferably, the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention is used to reduce spalling or scoring in mechanical parts of an automobile transmission, particularly in automobile gears.

[0117] According to one advantageous embodiment, the lubricating oil composition according to the invention is used in the mechanical parts of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular in motor vehicle gears, both to reduce wear and to reduce spalling or scoring.

[0118] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also relates to a lubrication method for lubricating at least a part of a transmission of a motor vehicle, in particular a gear of a motor vehicle, said method comprising at least one step of contacting at least said part with the lubricating oil composition described above.

[0119] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also relates to a process for increasing the durability of a lubricating oil composition, which process comprises the step of mixing at least one anti-wear additive having formula (I) as defined in the present invention with at least one base oil, and preferably the anti-wear additive having formula (I) is also mixed with an anti-wear additive selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms.

[0120] All features and preferences described with respect to the lubricating oil compositions and their uses according to the invention are also applicable to said methods and processes.

[0121] According to the invention, the particular, advantageous or preferred characteristics of the compositions according to the invention make it possible to define likewise particular, advantageous or preferred uses according to the invention.

[0122] The present invention will now be described by the following examples, which obviously are not intended to limit the invention but are provided for illustrative purposes. [Example]

[0123] Example 1: Preparation of lubricating oil compositions The lubricating oil compositions were prepared according to methods well known to those skilled in the art by mixing the ingredients at a temperature of about 40° C. Details of the lubricating oil compositions prepared and tested are set out in Tables 2 and 3 below.

[0124] The contents of elemental phosphorus and sulfur were calculated based on the elemental content in the components and are also given in Tables 2 and 3 as ppm by weight.

[0125] The lubricating oil composition tested has a viscosity of about 4.5 cSt measured at 100° C. according to ASTM D445 standard.

[0126] [Table 2]

[0127] [Table 3]

[0128] In the compositions of Tables 2 and 3: the base oil is a Group III base oil; the antiwear agent I2 has the formula (I), in which R and R 1 are two straight C18 alkyl chains, R or R 1 wherein at least one radical further contains 5 ethoxylated units; antiwear agent I3 has the formula (I), in which R and R 1 is a linear C18 alkyl chain, and R or R 1 wherein at least one radical further contains 5 ethoxylated units; antiwear agent I4 is a mixture of compounds having the formula (I), in which R and R 1 is a straight C10-C16 alkyl chain, R or R 1 wherein at least one radical further contains 5 ethoxylated units; - the antiwear agent P1 is dibutyl hydrogen phosphite; - the antiwear agent C1 is an acidic phosphate ester with a branched C8 alkyl chain and therefore does not have formula (I); - the antiwear agent C2 is an acidic phosphate ester having a C5 chain and therefore does not have formula (I); the dispersant is a boronated PIBSI dispersant capable of delivering about 85 ppm boron; the antioxidant comprises a phenolic antioxidant and / or an aminic antioxidant; - the rust inhibitor is a triazole derivative; -The additive package contains a pour point depressant and an antifoam / defoamer.

[0129] Example 2: Test study on the performance of lubricating oil compositions The scuffing load carrying capacity of the lubricating oil compositions listed in Tables 2 and 3 was tested using the FZG A10 / 16.6R / 90 method (in accordance with the revised CEC-L-84-02 standard), and the results are shown in Tables 4 and 5 below.

[0130] The average coefficient of friction was measured by a Mini Traction Machine (MTM) under the following conditions: - Load = 5N, -Rolling speed / driving speed = 3mm / s, -Temperature=90℃, -Time = 10 minutes, -SSR (Slide-Roll Ratio) = 330%.

[0131] [Table 4]

[0132] [Table 5]

[0133] The compositions CI5 to CI9 according to the present invention exhibit very good load carrying capacity. These load carrying capacity values ​​(FZG) indicate very high durability of the lubricating oil compositions, especially in transmission applications.

[0134] The compositions CI5 to CI9 according to the present invention also have low average coefficients of friction and therefore exhibit excellent lubricating properties.

[0135] The antiwear agents having formula (I) as defined in the present invention provide a means of increasing the performance level of lubricating oil compositions, and in particular, the antiwear agents having formula (I) as defined in the present invention provide superior properties compared to prior art antiwear agents C1 and C2.

Claims

1. at least one base oil; Formula (I): 【Chemistry 1】 and at least one additive having wherein R and R １ are selected independently from one another from: a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally containing one or more heteroatoms; R and R １ wherein at least one radical of is a hydrocarbon group containing at least two ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units.

2. R and R １ are independently selected from: a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group; R and R １ at least one radical of R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group further containing at least two ethoxylated units; preferably R and R １ are independently selected from linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups, and R and R １ 2. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein at least one radical of is an alkyl or alkenyl group further containing at least two ethoxylated units.

3. R and / or R １ are, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or one of the following: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units a hydrocarbon group selected from the group consisting of R or R １ At least one radical of: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units is a hydrocarbon group consisting of: Preferably, the two radicals R and R １ but, independently of each other, the following: - a preferably linear alkyl chain containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 18 carbon atoms; - 2 to 15 ethoxylated units, preferably 3 to 10 ethoxylated units 3. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon radical is selected from the group consisting of:

4. - 250 to 1300 ppm by weight of phosphorus, preferably 400 to 1400 ppm by weight of phosphorus, provided by one or more additives having formula (I); and / or Less than 10 ppm by weight of sulfur, preferably less than 5 ppm by weight, more preferably less than 1 ppm by weight of sulfur The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:

5. 5. The lubricating oil composition of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising at least one additive selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms; preferably phosphites containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms; preferably phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

6. 6. A lubricating oil composition according to claims 1 to 5, comprising 0.01 to 10 wt %, preferably 0.05 to 5 wt %, more preferably 0.1 to 3 wt %, of one or more additives having formula (I), based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

7. based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition - 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I); 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives selected from phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising

8. 8. The lubricating oil composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising at least one dispersant, preferably a borated dispersant, more preferably selected from borated succinimides, even more preferably from borated polyisobutene succinimides.

9. based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition - at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more base oils; - 0.01 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I); - 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably from phosphites containing two alkyl groups each having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; The lubricating oil composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:

10. based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition - at least 70% by weight, preferably 75 to 99.5% by weight, of one or more non-aqueous base oils; - 0.01 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I); - 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives chosen from phosphites containing from 1 to 24 carbon atoms; optionally 0.1 to 15 wt. %, preferably 1 to 10 wt. %, of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming or defoaming agents, and mixtures thereof; The lubricating oil composition of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

11. 11. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the one or more base oils have a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 1.5 to 35 cSt.

12. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for lubricating at least one mechanical part of a motor vehicle, preferably present in a transmission part of the motor vehicle, preferably in a gear of the motor vehicle.

13. 1. Use of an additive in a lubricating oil composition comprising at least one base oil to improve the load-carrying capacity of the lubricating oil composition, the additive comprising a compound represented by formula (I): 【Chemistry 2】 wherein -R and R １ are selected independently from one another from: a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally containing one or more heteroatoms; R and R １ at least one radical of which is a hydrocarbon group containing at least two ethoxylated and / or propoxylated units.

14. The additive having formula (I) is preferably present in the lubricating oil composition in the following proportions, relative to the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, in combination with an additive selected from phosphites containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms: 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives having formula (I); - 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of one or more additives selected from phosphites containing from 1 to 24 carbon atoms The use according to claim 13, wherein

15. Use according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the lubricating oil composition is as defined in any one of claims 2 to 11.

Images