Reactor control system

Abstract

To provide a reactor control system capable of easily improving efficiency of operation of a reactor.SOLUTION: In a reactor control system, an inverse analysis part performs inverse analysis on reactant introduction fluid measurement data, adsorbent introduction fluid measurement data, and discharge fluid measurement data to obtain, as medium performance distribution data, medium performance distribution in which performance of a medium changes in a flow direction in which a reactant introduction fluid and an adsorbent introduction fluid pass through the medium. The control unit outputs a control signal based on the medium performance distribution data.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention relates to a reactor control system. [Background technology]

[0002] A reactor is a device in which reactants react to produce a product. Reactors are used to perform, for example, carbon capture and storage (CCS), direct air capture (DAC), chemical thermal storage, solid oxide fuel cell (SOEC), chemical looping combustion, and flue gas treatment.

[0003] For example, when performing denitrification treatment on exhaust gas containing NOx, etc., in a reactor, an adsorbent such as NH3 is adsorbed onto a medium such as a catalyst, and a reactant such as NOx reacts with the adsorbent such as NH3 adsorbed onto the medium.

[0004] Furthermore, for example, when performing a CO2 separation and capture process to separate and capture CO2 from exhaust gas containing CO2, the absorbent CO2 is absorbed in a medium such as an absorption liquid containing a reactant such as an amine in a reactor, whereby the reactant such as the amine reacts with the absorbent CO2.

[0005] The operation of the reactor is controlled by a control system to ensure that the reaction is carried out properly.

[0006] In a reactor, as the operating time increases, the performance of the medium, such as the catalyst or the absorption liquid, deteriorates, resulting in a decrease in the amount of adsorption of the adsorbent onto the catalyst, etc., or a decrease in the amount of absorption of the absorbent into the absorption liquid, etc., resulting in a decrease in the reaction rate, etc. For this reason, it has been proposed to set operating parameters taking into account the deterioration of the medium's performance, for example, so that the adsorption amount and absorption amount return to the state before the medium's performance deteriorated. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-15289 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-80785 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] As described above, in a reactor, the medium performance (adsorption performance, etc.) of a medium such as a catalyst to adsorb an adsorbent deteriorates over time of operation, so the medium performance is not uniform but fluctuates, for example, in the flow direction in which a reactant such as NOx passes through. Also, in a reactor, the medium performance (absorption performance, etc.) of a medium such as an absorbing liquid to absorb an absorbent such as CO deteriorates over time of operation, so the medium performance is not uniform but fluctuates, for example, in the flow direction in which a reactant such as an amine flows. In other words, in a reactor, a medium such as a catalyst or absorbing liquid has a medium performance distribution in which the medium performance (absorption performance, absorption performance, etc.) varies, for example, in the flow direction.

[0009] However, in the past, the operation of the reactor was not controlled taking into consideration the medium performance distribution, and therefore it was not easy to achieve sufficient efficiency in the operation of the reactor.

[0010] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a reactor control system that can easily realize efficient reactor operation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] A reactor control system according to an embodiment controls a reactor in which a reactant introduction fluid containing a reactant and an adsorbent introduction fluid containing an adsorbent are introduced into an internal space containing a medium, the reactants react with the adsorbent adsorbed by the medium in the internal space to generate product substances, and an exhaust fluid containing the product substances, unreacted reactants, and unadsorbed adsorbent is exhausted from the internal space. The reactor control system according to an embodiment controls a reaction occurring in the internal space of the reactor by outputting a control signal to the reactor based on reactant introduction fluid measurement data measured for the reactant introduction fluid, adsorbent introduction fluid measurement data measured for the adsorbent introduction fluid, and exhaust fluid measurement data measured for the exhaust fluid. The control unit includes an inverse analysis unit. The inverse analysis unit performs inverse analysis on the reactant introduction fluid measurement data, adsorbent introduction fluid measurement data, and exhaust fluid measurement data to determine, as medium performance distribution data, a medium performance distribution in which the performance of the medium changes in the flow direction in which the reactant introduction fluid and the adsorbent introduction fluid pass through the medium. The control unit is configured to perform output of a control signal based on the medium performance distribution data. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1A is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a reactor control system 100 according to a first embodiment. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1B is a flow chart showing an outline of the operation of the control unit 70 in the reactor control system 100 in the first embodiment. [Figure 1C] FIG. 1C is a diagram showing an example of the medium performance distribution obtained by the inverse analysis unit 71 of the control unit 70 in the reactor control system 100 in the first embodiment. [Figure 1D] FIG. 1D is a diagram for explaining an example of control performed by the control unit 70 in the reactor control system 100 according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2A] FIG. 2A is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a reactor control system 100 according to the second embodiment. [Figure 2B]FIG. 2B is a diagram for explaining an example of the operation of the medium change predicting unit 73 and the notifying unit 74 in the reactor control system 100 in the second embodiment. [Figure 2C] FIG. 2C is a diagram for explaining an example of the operation of the medium change predicting unit 73 and the notifying unit 74 in the reactor control system 100 in the modified example of the second embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a reactor control system 100 according to the third embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a reactor control system 100 in a modified example of the third embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] First Embodiment [A] Configuration FIG. 1A is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a reactor control system 100 according to a first embodiment.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 1A, a reactor control system 100 of this embodiment is installed to control a reaction occurring in a heat recovery boiler 410 that constitutes a thermal power plant 400.

[0015] [A-1] Thermal power generation facilities 400 1A, in addition to a heat recovery steam generator 410, the thermal power generation facility 400 includes, for example, a steam turbine 41, a generator 42, a compressor 43, a combustion chamber 44, and a gas turbine 45. In the thermal power generation facility 400, the steam turbine 41, the generator 42, the compressor 43, and the gas turbine 45 are each connected to a rotating shaft.

[0016] Although not shown, in the thermal power plant 400, the steam turbine 41 is configured to be driven by steam that is heated in a heat recovery boiler 410 and then supplied as a working medium. The combustion chamber 44 is supplied with fuel and air compressed by a compressor 43, and combustion gas is generated by burning the fuel. The gas turbine 45 is configured to be driven by the combustion gas supplied from the combustion chamber 44 as a working medium.

[0017] In the thermal power plant 400 of this embodiment, a heat recovery boiler 410 has a catalyst 412 (denitrification catalyst) installed as a medium in the internal space of a boiler body 411. In the heat recovery boiler 410, exhaust gas discharged from a gas turbine 45 is introduced into the internal space of the boiler body 411 as a reactant introduction fluid F11. The reactant introduction fluid F11 contains NOx (main components of which are NO, NO2, etc.) which is a reactant. At the same time, ammonia fluid stored in an ammonia storage tank 413 is introduced into the internal space of the boiler body 411 via an ammonia supply pump P413 as an adsorbent introduction fluid F12. The adsorbent introduction fluid F12 contains NH3 which is an adsorbent. Then, an exhaust fluid F21 is discharged from the internal space of the boiler body 411.

[0018] The heat recovery boiler 410, the ammonia storage tank 413, and the ammonia supply pump P413 constitute a reactor.

[0019] A chemical reaction occurs in the internal space of the boiler body 411 constituting the heat recovery boiler 410, and denitrification processing is performed. Specifically, in the internal space of the boiler body 411, NH3 contained as an adsorbent in the adsorbent-introduced fluid F12 is adsorbed onto the catalyst 412. Then, NOx contained as a reactant in the reactant-introduced fluid F11 reacts with NH3 adsorbed onto the catalyst 412, thereby generating N2 and H2O as products. That is, in the internal space of the boiler body 411, a reduction reaction occurs in which NH3 reduces NOx as a reducing agent. Therefore, the discharge fluid F21 contains N2 and H2O generated as products. In addition, the discharge fluid F21 contains NOx, which is an unreacted reactant, and NH3, which is an unadsorbed adsorbent.

[0020] The thermal power generation facility 400 of this embodiment is provided with measurement units S11, S12, and S21.

[0021] The measurement unit S11 is configured to perform measurements on the reactant-introduced fluid F11 and output measurement data SG11 (reactant-introduced fluid measurement data). The measurement unit S12 is configured to perform measurements on the adsorbent-introduced fluid F12 (adsorbent-introduced fluid) and output measurement data SG12 (adsorbent-introduced fluid measurement data). The measurement unit S21 is configured to perform measurements on the discharge fluid F21 and output measurement data SG21 (discharge fluid measurement data).

[0022] [A-2] Reactor control system 100 The reactor control system 100 includes a control unit 70 as shown in FIG. 1A.

[0023] In the reactor control system 100, the control unit 70 receives measurement data SG11 (reactant introduction fluid measurement data), measurement data SG12 (adsorbent introduction fluid measurement data), and measurement data SG21 (discharge fluid measurement data) as input signals. The control unit 70 outputs a control signal SG72 to an ammonia supply pump P413 constituting a reactor in the thermal power generation facility 400 based on the measurement data SG11, SG12, and SG21. This controls the reaction occurring in the internal space of the boiler body 411 constituting the reactor.

[0024] In this embodiment, the control unit 70 includes an inverse analysis unit 71 and a control signal output unit 72. The control unit 70 is configured with a computing unit (not shown) and a memory device (not shown), and the computing unit performs arithmetic processing using a program stored in the memory device, causing the control unit 70 to operate as each unit.

[0025] [A-2-1] Inverse analysis section 71 In the control unit 70, the inverse analysis unit 71 performs inverse analysis on the measurement data SG11 (reactant introduced fluid measurement data), the measurement data SG12 (adsorbent introduced fluid measurement data), and the measurement data SG21 (discharged fluid measurement data).

[0026] The inverse analysis unit 71 performs inverse analysis to determine a medium performance distribution in which the adsorption performance of the catalyst 412 changes in the flow direction FD (horizontal direction in FIG. 1A ) in which the reactant-introduced fluid F11 and the adsorbent-introduced fluid F12 (adsorbent-introduced fluid) pass through the catalyst 412, which serves as a medium. The inverse analysis unit 71 then outputs data relating to the determined medium performance distribution as medium performance distribution data SG71. The inverse analysis is performed using, for example, a gradient descent method.

[0027] In the inverse analysis unit 71, the inverse analysis is performed using a model constructed for the relationship between each of the measurement data SG11, SG12, SG21 and the medium performance distribution data SG71. The model used in the inverse analysis is, for example, a physical model configured by an advection-diffusion equation that shows the relationship between the measurement data SG11, SG12, SG21 and the medium performance distribution data SG71.

[0028] In addition to the above, the model used in the inverse analysis may be, for example, a surrogate model composed of a neural network consisting of an input layer, an intermediate layer (hidden layer), and an output layer. Performing the inverse analysis using a surrogate model can reduce the computational load. In the neural network that constitutes the model used in the inverse analysis, an input signal is input to each node that constitutes the input layer, and then output from each node that constitutes the input layer to each node that constitutes the intermediate layer. Each node that constitutes the intermediate layer performs weighted addition on the input values. Then, the values ​​obtained at each node that constitutes the intermediate layer are output to each node that constitutes the output layer. Each node that constitutes the output layer performs weighted addition on the input values. In the model, the values ​​of the weighting coefficients used in the weighted addition are adjusted by machine learning.

[0029] [A-2-2] Control signal output unit 72 The control signal output unit 72 is configured to output a control signal SG72 based on the medium performance distribution data SG71.

[0030] In this embodiment, the control signal output unit 72 determines operating parameters for operating the ammonia feed pump P413 that constitutes the reactor in the thermal power plant 400 according to the medium performance distribution data SG71. Then, the control signal output unit 72 outputs a control signal SG72 to the ammonia feed pump P413 so that the ammonia feed pump P413 operates with the determined operating parameters. This controls the reaction that occurs in the internal space of the boiler body 411 that constitutes the reactor.

[0031] [B] Operation The operations executed in the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0032] FIG. 1B is a flow chart showing an outline of the operation of the control unit 70 in the reactor control system 100 in the first embodiment.

[0033] [B-1] Measurement data input (ST71) In the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 1B, input of measurement data SG11, SG12, and SG21 is executed (ST71).

[0034] The measurement data SG11, SG12, and SG21 are output from measurement units S11, S12, and S21 installed in the thermal power generation facility 400, and input to an inverse analysis unit 71 of the control unit 70 (see FIG. 1A).

[0035] The measurement data SG11 (reactant introduction fluid measurement data) is data acquired by a measurement unit S11 performing measurements on the reactant introduction fluid F11 introduced into the internal space of the boiler body 411 that constitutes the heat recovery boiler 410 (see FIG. 1A). The measurement unit S11 includes measuring instruments that measure, for example, temperature, pressure, flow rate, and component concentration, and the measurement data SG11 includes temperature data, pressure data, flow rate data, and component concentration data.

[0036] The measurement data SG12 (adsorbent-introduced fluid measurement data) is data acquired by the measurement unit S12 performing measurements on the adsorbent-introduced fluid F12 (adsorbent-introduced fluid) introduced into the internal space of the boiler body 411 that constitutes the heat recovery boiler 410 (see FIG. 1A). The measurement unit S12 includes measuring instruments that measure, for example, temperature, pressure, flow rate, and component concentration, and the measurement data SG12 includes temperature data, pressure data, and flow rate data.

[0037] The measurement data SG21 (discharge fluid measurement data) is data acquired by a measurement unit S21 measuring the discharge fluid F21 discharged from the internal space of the boiler body 411 that constitutes the heat recovery boiler 410 (see FIG. 1A). The measurement unit S21 includes measuring instruments that measure, for example, temperature, pressure, flow rate, and component concentration, and the measurement data SG21 includes temperature data, pressure data, flow rate data, and component concentration data.

[0038] [B-2] Performing reverse analysis (ST72) Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, inverse analysis is performed (ST72).

[0039] Here, the inverse analysis is performed by an inverse analysis unit 71 of the control unit 70. By performing the inverse analysis, a medium performance distribution in which the adsorption performance of the catalyst 412 changes in the flow direction FD is obtained, and is output as medium performance distribution data SG71 to a control signal output unit 72 of the control unit 70 (see FIG. 1A).

[0040] In the inverse analysis unit 71, the inverse analysis is performed using a model constructed for the relationship between each of the measurement data SG11, SG12, SG21 and the medium performance distribution data SG71. The model used in the inverse analysis is composed of an advection-diffusion equation. In the inverse analysis, the advection-diffusion equation is calculated iteratively to find the medium performance distribution that minimizes the objective function (the difference between the reactor outlet concentration calculated by calculation and the measurement data SG21).

[0041] The advection-diffusion equation is given by the following (Equation 1).

[0042]

number

[0043] The factors in (Equation 1) are as follows:

[0044] φ: Physical quantity (temperature, concentration, etc.) ρ: Density t: time u:Flow velocity Γ: Diffusion coefficient (physical property) Ω: Coefficient of medium performance (catalytic performance) r: reaction rate

[0045] Here, the catalyst 412 is divided into a plurality of meshes in the flow direction FD, and the medium performance distribution is obtained by calculating the "coefficient Ω of medium performance (catalyst performance)" in (Equation 1) for each of the plurality of meshes.

[0046] In this embodiment, the value of each factor in (Equation 1) is calculated from the measurement data SG11, SG12, and SG21. For the value of each factor in (Equation 1), a value related to the mixed fluid obtained by mixing the reactant-introduced fluid F11 and the adsorbate-introduced fluid F12 is used on the upstream side (inlet side) of the flow direction FD, and a value related to the discharged fluid F21 is used on the downstream side (outlet side) of the flow direction FD. Specifically, the value related to the discharged fluid F21 is calculated by calculation using (Equation 1) with the value related to the mixed fluid as the boundary condition. Here, the coefficient of the medium performance (catalytic performance) is treated as an unknown quantity, and a coefficient of the medium performance (catalytic performance) that makes the measurement data SG21 and the calculated value obtained by calculation using (Equation 1) the same is searched for by inverse analysis. To achieve this, iterative calculation is performed so that the objective function of the inverse analysis (the difference between the measurement data SG21 and the calculated value) is minimized.

[0047] In (Equation 1), δ(ρφ) / δt is a non-steady term and is a term relating to the "change in component concentration over time in the mesh." div(ρuφ) is a convection term and is a term relating to the "components transported to the mesh due to flow velocity." div(Γ·gradφ) is a diffusion term and is a term relating to the "components transported to the mesh due to concentration differences." Ω·Σr is a production term and is a term relating to the "components produced and eliminated in the mesh due to chemical reactions." The convection and diffusion terms are terms relating to the difference between the amount coming in (inflow amount) and the amount going out (outflow amount).

[0048] In this embodiment, the coefficient Ω of the medium performance (catalytic performance) is assumed to be an assumed value, and the concentrations of the components contained in the outlet side gas (discharge fluid F21) are predicted by solving (Equation 1) using the measurement data SG11 and SG12 (concentration, pressure, temperature, flow rate) measured for the inlet side gas (reactant introduction fluid F11, adsorbent introduction fluid F12). The concentrations of the components contained in the outlet side gas (discharge fluid F21) are included in the measurement data SG21 actually measured for the discharge fluid F21. Therefore, the coefficient Ω of the medium performance (catalytic performance) can be obtained by performing an inverse analysis using the concentration values ​​of the components actually measured for the outlet side gas (discharge fluid F21) and the predicted values ​​of the components predicted for the outlet side gas (discharge fluid F21) as described above.

[0049] FIG. 1C is a diagram showing an example of the medium performance distribution obtained by the inverse analysis unit 71 of the control unit 70 in the reactor control system 100 in the first embodiment.

[0050] In FIG. 1C, the horizontal axis indicates the position of the flow direction FD (see FIG. 1A) in which the fluid flows in the catalyst 412 (medium), with the left side being the upstream side (inlet side) and the right side being the downstream side (outlet side). In FIG. 1C, the vertical axis indicates the adsorption performance AP (e.g., catalyst loading) of the catalyst 412 (medium). Also, in FIG. 1C, the solid line indicates the case where the operation time of the thermal power plant 400 is a first operation time T1, and the dashed line indicates the case where the operation time of the thermal power plant 400 is a second operation time T2 that is longer than the first operation time T1 (T1 <T2)。

[0051] In this embodiment, the reaction rate r in (Equation 1) is expressed by the following (Equation 2A) in an adsorption reaction in which NH3, an adsorbate, is adsorbed onto the catalyst 412, a medium. In a desorption reaction in which NH3 is desorbed from the catalyst 412 to which NH3 has been adsorbed, the reaction rate r is expressed by the following (Equation 2B). In a chemical reaction in which NOx, a reactant, reacts with NH3 adsorbed onto the catalyst 412 and is reduced, the reaction rate r is expressed by the following (Equation 2C).

[0052]

number

[0053]

number

[0054]

number

[0055] The factors in (Equation 2A) to (Equation 2C) are as follows:

[0056] r: reaction rate [1 / s] A: Frequency factor [1 / s or m 3 / (mol·s)] [NH3]: NH3 concentration θ NH3 : Coverage rate of catalyst 412 with NH3 E: Activation energy [J / (mol K)] R: Gas constant [J / mol] T: Temperature [K]

[0057] [B-3] Control signal output (ST73) Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, the control signal SG72 is output (ST73).

[0058] Here, the control signal output unit 72 outputs a control signal SG72 based on the medium performance distribution data SG71 (see FIG. 1A).

[0059] In this embodiment, the control signal output unit 72 determines operating parameters for operating the ammonia feed pump P413 in accordance with the medium performance distribution data SG71. Then, the control signal output unit 72 outputs a control signal SG72 to the ammonia feed pump P413 so that the ammonia feed pump P413 operates with the determined operating parameters. This controls the reaction occurring in the internal space of the boiler body 411 that constitutes the reactor. The control is performed so that the reaction occurring in the internal space of the boiler body 411 proceeds at a reaction rate that was set at the time of design, for example.

[0060] The output of the control signal SG72 is executed online every time the input of the measurement data SG11, SG12, SG21 is executed.

[0061] FIG. 1D is a diagram for explaining an example of control performed by the control unit 70 in the reactor control system 100 according to the first embodiment.

[0062] In FIG. 1D, the horizontal axis indicates the position of the flow direction FD (see FIG. 1A) in which the fluid flows in the catalyst 412 (medium), with the left side being the upstream side and the right side being the downstream side. In FIG. 1D, the vertical axis indicates the coverage CR of the catalyst 412 (medium) with NH3 (adsorbent). Also, in FIG. 1D, the solid line indicates the case where the operation time of the thermal power plant 400 is a first operation time T1, and the dashed line indicates the case where the operation time of the thermal power plant 400 is a second operation time T2 that is longer than the first operation time T1 (T1 <T2)。

[0063] The adsorption performance (medium performance) of the catalyst 412 (medium) to adsorb NH (adsorbent) decreases as the operating time of the thermal power plant 400 increases, increasing the time during which a reaction occurs in the internal space of the boiler body 411. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the adsorption performance (medium performance) of the catalyst 412 to adsorb NH decreases below a reference value, for example, the operation of the ammonia supply pump P413 is controlled to increase the flow rate of the adsorbent-introduced fluid F12 containing NH. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1D , the coverage rate CR of the catalyst 412 with NH in the flow direction FD increases. This results in a distribution of the amount of NH adsorbed on the catalyst 412 in the flow direction FD similar to that before the adsorption performance decreased. As a result, a reaction occurs in the internal space of the boiler body 411, which constitutes a reactor, similar to that before the adsorption performance decreased.

[0064] Note that control may be performed so that the average amount of NH3 adsorbed by the catalyst 412 in the flow direction FD becomes the same value as before the degradation of the adsorption performance, for example.

[0065] The adsorption performance of the catalyst 412 to adsorb NH3 varies depending on the load of the thermal power plant 400. The exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 45 of the thermal power plant 400 and introduced into the boiler body 411 as the reactant introduction fluid F11 contains NOx, which is a reactant. In the reactant introduction fluid F11, NOx is mainly NO and NO2, and the ratio of NO2 to NO increases as the load of the thermal power plant 400 decreases. In other words, the ratio of NO2 to NO is higher when the thermal power plant 400 is operating at partial load than when it is operating at rated load. The reaction rate of the reaction occurring in the internal space of the boiler body 411 decreases as the ratio of NO2 to NO increases. Therefore, the adsorption performance (medium performance) of the catalyst 412 decreases as the operating load decreases. Therefore, the operation of the ammonia supply pump P413 is controlled so that the coverage CR at which the catalyst 412 is covered with NH3 increases as the load on the thermal power plant 400 decreases.

[0066] [C] Summary As described above, the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment is configured so that the control unit 70 controls the reaction occurring in the internal space of the boiler body 411 that constitutes the heat recovery boiler 410, which is a reactor. The control unit 70 includes an inverse analysis unit 71 and a control signal output unit 72.

[0067] The inverse analysis unit 71 receives as input measurement data SG11 (reactant-introduced fluid measurement data), measurement data SG12 (adsorbent-introduced fluid measurement data), and measurement data SG21 (discharged fluid measurement data). The measurement data SG11 is data related to the reactant-introduced fluid F11 introduced into the internal space of the boiler body 411. The measurement data SG12 is data related to the adsorbent-introduced fluid F12 introduced into the internal space of the boiler body 411. The measurement data SG21 is data related to the discharged fluid F21 discharged from the internal space of the boiler body 411. The inverse analysis unit 71 performs inverse analysis on the measurement data SG11, the measurement data SG12, and the measurement data SG21, and obtains, as medium performance distribution data SG71, a medium performance distribution in which the adsorption performance of the catalyst 412 changes in the flow direction FD in which the reactant-introduced fluid F11 and the adsorbent-introduced fluid F12 pass through the catalyst 412, which is a medium, in the internal space of the boiler body 411.

[0068] Then, based on the medium performance distribution data SG71, the control signal output unit 72 outputs a control signal SG72. The control signal SG72 is output to an ammonia feed pump P413 constituting the heat recovery boiler 410, which is a reactor, to control the flow rate of the adsorbent introduction fluid F12. This controls the reaction occurring in the internal space of the boiler body 411 constituting the reactor. The control is performed so that the reaction occurring in the internal space of the boiler body 411 proceeds at a reaction rate set at the time of design, for example.

[0069] Therefore, according to the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment, the reaction proceeds appropriately in the heat recovery steam generator 410, which is a reactor, and therefore it is possible to easily achieve efficient operation of the reactor.

[0070] [D] Variation In the above embodiment, the reactant introduction fluid F11 is a gas (exhaust gas), but this is not limiting. The reactant introduction fluid F11 may be a liquid. In other words, the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment can be applied not only to cases where a gas-solid reaction occurs in the internal space of the reactor, but also to cases where a solid-liquid reaction occurs.

[0071] In the above embodiment, the case where the reactant is NOx (main components are NO, NO2, etc.) and the adsorbent is NH3 has been described, but this is not limiting. The reactor control system 100 of this embodiment can also be applied to cases where the reactant and adsorbent are substances other than those described above.

[0072] Second Embodiment [A] Configuration FIG. 2A is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a reactor control system 100 according to the second embodiment.

[0073] 2A, unlike FIG. 1A, the thermal power plant 400 that is the control target of the reactor control system 100 is not shown.

[0074] As shown in Fig. 2A, in the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment, the control unit 70 differs from the first embodiment (see Fig. 1A) in that it further includes a medium change prediction unit 73 and a notification unit 74. Other than this point and related points, the present embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. Therefore, in this embodiment, explanations of overlapping matters will be omitted as appropriate.

[0075] [A-1] Medium change prediction unit 73 2A, the medium change prediction unit 73 in the control unit 70 receives medium performance distribution data SG71 from the inverse analysis unit 71. The medium change prediction unit 73 stores the medium performance distribution data SG71 in association with the time when it was input from the inverse analysis unit 71.

[0076] The medium change prediction unit 73 obtains medium change prediction data SG73 by predicting the transition of time-series changes in the medium performance distribution based on the plurality of medium performance distribution data SG71 obtained at multiple time points by the inverse analysis unit 71. The medium change prediction data SG73 is output from the medium change prediction unit 73 to the notification unit 74.

[0077] [A-2] Notification unit 74 2A, the notification unit 74 receives medium change prediction data SG73 from the medium change prediction unit 73. Based on the medium change prediction data SG73, the notification unit 74 determines and notifies the user of the time when the adsorption performance of the catalyst 412, which is the medium, will become different from a predetermined state. For example, the notification unit 74 notifies the user of the time when the adsorption performance of the catalyst 412 will deteriorate and the catalyst 412 will need to be replaced. For example, the notification is performed by displaying information indicating the time when the catalyst 412 needs to be replaced on a display.

[0078] [B] Operation FIG. 2B is a diagram for explaining an example of the operation of the medium change predicting unit 73 and the notifying unit 74 in the reactor control system 100 in the second embodiment.

[0079] [B-1] Calculation of medium change prediction data SG73 In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2B, for example, the most upstream medium change prediction data SG73_1 and the most downstream medium change prediction data SG73_2 are obtained in the medium change prediction unit 73 as the medium change prediction data SG73.

[0080] The most upstream side medium change prediction data SG73_1 is prediction data showing the time-series transition of the medium performance AP (adsorption performance) of the portion of the catalyst 412 located on the most upstream side (inlet side) in the flow direction FD. The most upstream side medium change prediction data SG73_1 is found using the most upstream side medium performance data SG71_1 related to the medium performance AP of the most upstream side (inlet side) portion of the catalyst 412, of the medium performance distribution data SG71. Here, the most upstream side medium change prediction data SG73_1 is obtained by performing an extrapolation process on a plurality of most upstream side medium performance data SG71_1 that transition in time series and finding an approximate line.

[0081] The most downstream side medium change prediction data SG73_2 is prediction data showing the time-series transition of the medium performance AP (adsorption performance) of the portion of the catalyst 412 located on the most downstream side (outlet side) in the flow direction FD. The most downstream side medium change prediction data SG73_2 is obtained using the most downstream side medium performance data SG71_2 related to the medium performance AP of the most downstream side (outlet side) portion of the catalyst 412, of the medium performance distribution data SG71. Here, the most downstream side medium change prediction data SG73_2 is obtained by performing an extrapolation process on a plurality of most downstream side medium performance data SG71_2 that transition in time series and finding an approximate line.

[0082] [B-2] Notification In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2B, the notifying unit 74 performs notification based on, for example, the most upstream medium change prediction data SG73_1 and the most downstream medium change prediction data SG73_2.

[0083] Here, a time point TC is found at which the medium performance AP in the most upstream medium change prediction data SG73_1 falls below a reference value TH1 and at which the medium performance AP in the most downstream medium change prediction data SG73_2 falls below a reference value TH2. The notification unit 74 notifies the user of the time point TC at which the medium performance AP falls below the reference value TH1 and the reference value TH2 as the time at which the catalyst 412 needs to be replaced.

[0084] The notifying unit 74 may be configured to notify based on both the most upstream side medium change prediction data SG73_1 and the most downstream side medium change prediction data SG73_2, or may be configured to notify based on either the most upstream side medium change prediction data SG73_1 or the most downstream side medium change prediction data SG73_2. Alternatively, the notifying unit 74 may be configured to notify based on the average value of the data.

[0085] [C] Summary As described above, the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment includes the medium change prediction unit 73 and the notification unit 74. The medium change prediction unit 73 predicts the transition of the medium performance distribution over time based on the medium performance distribution data SG71 determined at multiple points in time by the inverse analysis unit 71, thereby determining the medium change prediction data SG73. The notification unit 74 is configured to determine and notify the time point TC at which the medium performance AP (adsorption performance) of the catalyst 412 becomes other than a predetermined state, based on the medium change prediction data SG determined by the medium change prediction unit 73. The time point TC at which the medium performance AP of the catalyst 412 becomes other than a predetermined state is, for example, the time when the catalyst 412 needs to be replaced.

[0086] Therefore, in this embodiment, the user can grasp the future medium performance AP of the catalyst 412, and therefore, the efficiency of the operation of the reactor can be easily realized.

[0087] [D] Variation A modification of the above embodiment will now be described.

[0088] FIG. 2C is a diagram for explaining an example of the operation of the medium change predicting unit 73 and the notifying unit 74 in the reactor control system 100 in the modified example of the second embodiment.

[0089] As shown in FIG. 2C, the notification unit 74 may be configured to obtain coverage prediction data SG74 from the medium change prediction data SG73, and then perform notification using the coverage prediction data SG74.

[0090] The coverage prediction data SG74 is data showing the time series of the coverage CR at which the adsorbent NH3 covers the catalyst 412. The coverage prediction data SG74 is calculated based on the medium change prediction data SG73 using a model relating to the relationship between the adsorption performance AP of the catalyst 412 and the coverage CR. As can be seen from the relationship with the medium change prediction data SG73, the coverage prediction data SG74 shows that the coverage CR increases as the adsorption performance AP of the catalyst 412 decreases over time. As already mentioned, in the coverage prediction data SG74, the coverage CR increases over time in order to cause the reaction to proceed at the same reaction rate as before the adsorption performance AP of the catalyst 412 decreased.

[0091] Here, as the coverage prediction data SG74, for example, the most upstream side coverage prediction data SG74_1 and the most downstream side coverage prediction data SG74_2 are calculated as described above by the notification unit 74. The most upstream side coverage prediction data SG74_1 is calculated using the most upstream side medium change prediction data SG73_1. The most downstream side coverage prediction data SG74_2 is calculated using the most downstream side medium change prediction data SG73_2.

[0092] The notification unit 74 of this modified example then determines the time point TC at which the coverage rate CR in the most upstream coverage rate prediction data SG74_1 rises to or exceeds the reference value TH1b and at which the coverage rate CR in the most downstream coverage rate prediction data SG74_2 rises to or exceeds the reference value TH2b. The notification unit 74 notifies the user of the time point TC at which the coverage rate CR rises to or exceeds the reference value TH1b and the reference value TH2b as the time at which the catalyst 412 needs to be replaced. The reference values ​​TH1b and TH2b are set, for example, taking into consideration the relationship between the cost that increases as the coverage rate CR rises and the cost of replacing the catalyst 412.

[0093] Third Embodiment [A] Configuration FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a reactor control system 100 according to the third embodiment.

[0094] As shown in Fig. 3, the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment (see Fig. 1A) in that it is installed to control the reaction occurring in the carbon dioxide separation and capture facility 400a. Other than this point and related points, it is the same as the first embodiment. Therefore, in this embodiment, explanations of overlapping points will be omitted as appropriate.

[0095] [A-1] Carbon dioxide separation and capture equipment 200 3, the carbon dioxide separation and capture equipment 200 has an absorption tower 21, a regeneration tower 22, a regenerative heat exchanger 23, and a reboiler 24. Each part of the carbon dioxide separation and capture equipment 200 functions as a reactor.

[0096] [A-1-1] Absorption tower 21 In the carbon dioxide separation and capture system 200, an absorbent introduction fluid F111 is introduced into the internal space of the absorber 21, and an absorber introduction fluid F232 is also introduced into the internal space of the absorber 21. Then, the absorber 21 discharges an absorber discharge fluid F211 (first discharge fluid) and an absorber discharge fluid F212 (second discharge fluid) from the internal space.

[0097] In this example, the absorber introduction fluid F232 is a liquid in which the reactant amine (monoethanolamine; indicated as RNH2 in the figure) is dissolved in water (HO), and functions as an amine absorption liquid, which is a medium. The absorber introduction fluid F232 is introduced into the internal space from the top of the absorber 21 and flows to the bottom of the absorber 21.

[0098] The absorbent-introducing fluid F111 is a gas containing CO2 as an absorbent, such as combustion exhaust gas. The absorbent-introducing fluid F111 is introduced into the internal space of the absorption tower 21 from the bottom.

[0099] In the internal space of the absorption tower 21, CO2, which is an absorbent, is absorbed into the amine absorbing solution, which is a medium. Then, the CO2 absorbed into the amine absorbing solution reacts with the amine (RNH2) contained as a reactant in the amine absorbing solution, thereby generating a product. The product may be, for example, bicarbonate ions (HCO3- ) and carbamates (RNHCOO - )

[0100] The absorber discharge fluid F211 is the product (HCO3 - ,RNHCOO - The absorber discharge fluid F211 is a liquid containing amine (RNH2) which is an unreacted reactant. The absorber discharge fluid F211 is discharged from the bottom of the absorber 21.

[0101] The absorber discharge fluid F212 is a gas remaining after the absorbent CO2 in the absorbent introduction fluid F111 has been absorbed by the amine absorption liquid. The absorber discharge fluid F212 also contains CO2 as an absorbent that has not been absorbed by the amine absorption liquid. The absorber discharge fluid F212 is discharged from the top of the absorber 21.

[0102] [A-1-2] Regeneration tower 22 In the carbon dioxide separation and capture system 200, the regenerator 22 has a regenerator inlet fluid F231 introduced into its internal space and a heated fluid F24 introduced into its internal space from the reboiler 24. Then, the regenerator 22 discharges a regenerator discharge fluid F221 and a regenerator discharge fluid F222 from its internal space.

[0103] The regeneration tower introduction fluid F231 is the product (HCO3 - ,RNHCOO - The absorber discharge fluid F211 containing the benzene ring 22 is a liquid that is introduced into the regenerator 22 after being used in heat exchange in the regenerative heat exchanger 23. The regenerator introduction fluid F231 is introduced into the internal space of the regenerator 22 from the top thereof.

[0104] The heating fluid F24 is introduced into the internal space from the bottom of the regeneration tower 22. In the regeneration tower 22, the heat of the heating fluid F24 converts the HCO3 - and RNHCOO - From this, CO2 is released as a desorbed product, and amine (RNH2) and water (H2O) are produced.

[0105] The regeneration tower discharge fluid F221 is a liquid containing amine (RNH2) and water (H2O) produced in the regeneration tower 22. The regeneration tower discharge fluid F221 is discharged from the bottom of the regeneration tower 22.

[0106] The regeneration tower discharge fluid F222 is a gas containing CO2 desorbed in the internal space of the regeneration tower 22. The regeneration tower discharge fluid F222 is discharged from the top of the regeneration tower 22 and recovered.

[0107] A portion of the regenerator discharge fluid F221 is discharged from the regenerator 22 to the reboiler 24 as a reboiler introduction fluid F221b. The remaining regenerator discharge fluid F221a is a liquid that is used in heat exchange in the regenerative heat exchanger 23 and then introduced into the absorber 21 as an absorber introduction fluid F232, and is used as an amine absorption liquid in the absorber 21.

[0108] [A-1-3] Regenerative heat exchanger 23 In the carbon dioxide separation and capture system 200, the absorber discharge fluid F211 from the absorber 21 is introduced into the regenerative heat exchanger 23 after being pressurized by a circulation pump P211 (first circulation pump). Also, the regenerator discharge fluid F221 from the regenerator 22 is introduced into the regenerative heat exchanger 23 after being pressurized by a circulation pump P221 (second circulation pump). The circulation pump P211 (first circulation pump) and the circulation pump P221 (second circulation pump) are driven synchronously.

[0109] In the regenerative heat exchanger 23, heat exchange takes place between the absorber discharge fluid F211 and the regenerator discharge fluid F221. The absorber discharge fluid F211 is heated by heat exchange in the regenerative heat exchanger 23 and introduced into the regenerator 22 as a regenerator introduction fluid F231. On the other hand, the regenerator discharge fluid F221 is cooled by heat exchange in the regenerative heat exchanger 23 and introduced into the absorber 21 as an absorber introduction fluid F232. Here, the absorber introduction fluid F232 is further cooled by a cooler C232 (lean liquid cooler) after being discharged from the regenerative heat exchanger 23 and then introduced into the absorber 21.

[0110] [A-1-4] Reboiler 24 In the carbon dioxide separation and capture system 200, the reboiler 24 is configured so that the reboiler introduction fluid F221b is introduced into the internal space, and the reboiler introduction fluid F221b is heated by input heat F240 to generate heated fluid F24.

[0111] [A-1-5] Measurement section S111, S212, S222 The carbon dioxide separation and capture equipment 200 of this embodiment is provided with measurement units S111, S212, and S222. The measurement unit S111 is configured to perform measurements on the absorbent introduction fluid F111 and output measurement data SG111 (adsorbent introduction fluid measurement data). The measurement unit S212 is configured to perform measurements on the absorber discharge fluid F212 and output measurement data SG212 (discharge fluid measurement data). The measurement unit S222 is configured to perform measurements on the regeneration tower discharge fluid F222 and output measurement data SG222 (discharge fluid measurement data).

[0112] [A-2] Reactor control system 100 As shown in FIG. 3, the reactor control system 100 has a control unit 70, similar to the first embodiment.

[0113] In this embodiment, the control unit 70 receives, as input signals, measurement data SG111 (adsorbent introduced fluid measurement data) measured on the adsorbent introduced fluid F111, measurement data SG212 (discharge fluid measurement data) measured on the absorber discharge fluid F212, and measurement data SG222 (discharge fluid measurement data) measured on the regenerator discharge fluid F222. The control unit 70 outputs control signals SG72a, SG72b, and SG72c to the circulation pump P211 (first circulation pump), the circulation pump P221 (second circulation pump), and the reboiler 24, which constitute the reactors in the carbon dioxide separation and capture system 200, based on the respective measurement data SG111, SG212, and SG222. This controls the reaction occurring in the internal space of the absorber 21.

[0114] The control unit 70 of this embodiment includes an inverse analysis unit 71 and a control signal output unit 72, similar to the first embodiment.

[0115] [A-2-1] Inverse analysis section 71 The inverse analysis unit 71 performs inverse analysis on the measurement data SG111 (adsorbent-introduced fluid measurement data), the measurement data SG212 (discharged fluid measurement data), and the measurement data SG222 (discharged fluid measurement data).

[0116] The inverse analysis unit 71 is configured to perform inverse analysis to obtain, as medium performance distribution data SG71, a medium performance distribution in which the absorption performance of the amine absorption liquid, which is a medium, changes in the flow direction FD in which the absorbent-introducing fluid F11 flows in the internal space of the absorption tower 21. The inverse analysis unit 71 performs the inverse analysis using a model constructed regarding the relationship between each of the measurement data SG111, SG212, and SG222 and the medium performance distribution data SG71.

[0117] [A-2-2] Control signal output unit 72 The control signal output unit 72 is configured to output a control signal SG72 based on the medium performance distribution data SG71.

[0118] In this embodiment, the control signal output unit 72 determines operating parameters for operating each of the circulation pump P211, the circulation pump P221, and the reboiler 24, which constitute the reactor in the carbon dioxide separation and capture system 200, according to the medium performance distribution data SG71. Then, the control signal output unit 72 outputs control signals SG72a, SG72b, and SG72c to each unit so that the circulation pump P211, the circulation pump P221, and the reboiler 24 operate using the determined operating parameters. The flow rate of the input heat F240 is controlled by the control signal SG72c. This controls the reaction occurring in the internal space of the absorption tower 21, which constitutes the reactor.

[0119] [B] Operation The operations executed in the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0120] [B-1] Measurement data input (ST71) In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, first, measurement data is input (ST71) as shown in FIG. 1B.

[0121] Here, measurement units S111, S212, S222 installed in the carbon dioxide separation and capture facility 200 output measurement data SG111, SG212, SG222, and the measurement data SG111, SG212, SG222 are input to the inverse analysis unit 71 of the control unit 70 (see FIG. 3).

[0122] The measurement data SG111 (adsorbent-introduced fluid measurement data) is data acquired by the measurement unit S111 performing measurements on the adsorbent-introduced fluid F111 (see FIG. 3). The measurement unit S111 includes measuring instruments that measure, for example, temperature, pressure, flow rate, and component concentration, and the measurement data SG111 includes temperature data, pressure data, flow rate data, and component concentration data.

[0123] The measurement data SG212 (discharge fluid measurement data) is data acquired by the measurement unit S212 performing measurements on the absorber discharge fluid F212 (see FIG. 3). The measurement unit S212 includes measuring instruments that measure, for example, temperature, pressure, flow rate, and component concentration, and the measurement data SG212 includes temperature data, pressure data, flow rate data, and component concentration data.

[0124] The measurement data SG222 (discharge fluid measurement data) is data acquired by the measurement unit S222 performing measurements on the regeneration tower discharge fluid F222 (see FIG. 3). The measurement unit S222 includes measuring instruments that measure, for example, temperature, pressure, flow rate, and component concentration, and the measurement data SG222 includes temperature data, pressure data, flow rate data, and component concentration data.

[0125] [B-2] Performing reverse analysis (ST72) Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, inverse analysis is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment (ST72).

[0126] Here, the inverse analysis is performed by the inverse analysis unit 71, and a medium performance distribution is obtained in which the absorption performance of the amine absorbent changes in the flow direction FD of the amine absorbent (absorber introduction fluid F232) in the internal space of the absorption tower 21. The medium performance distribution obtained by the inverse analysis unit 71 is output to the control signal output unit 72 of the control unit 70 as medium performance distribution data SG71 (see FIG. 3).

[0127] Although not shown in the figure, the medium performance distribution required in this embodiment is required such that the absorption performance of the amine absorbing solution increases from the downstream side (lower side in the figure) to the upstream side (upper side in the figure). Furthermore, the absorption performance of the amine absorbing solution decreases with the operating time.

[0128] [B-3] Control signal output (ST73) Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, the control signal SG72 is outputted (ST73) in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

[0129] In this embodiment, the control signal output unit 72 determines operating parameters for operating each of the circulation pump P211, the circulation pump P221, and the reboiler 24 that constitute the reactor in the carbon dioxide separation and capture system 200 in accordance with the medium performance distribution data SG71. Then, the control signal output unit 72 outputs control signals SG72a, SG72b, and SG72c to each unit so that the circulation pump P211, the circulation pump P221, and the reboiler 24 operate using the determined operating parameters. This controls the reaction that occurs in the internal space of the absorber 21 that constitutes the reactor. The control is performed so that the reaction that occurs in the internal space of the absorber 21 proceeds, for example, at a reaction rate that was set at the time of design.

[0130] The absorption performance (medium performance) of the amine absorbing solution (medium) absorbing CO2 (absorbent) in the internal space of the absorber 21 decreases over time. For this reason, in the present embodiment, when the absorption performance (medium performance) of the amine absorbing solution absorbing CO2 in the absorber 21 decreases, the operations of the circulation pump P211 and the circulation pump P221 are controlled so as to increase the flow rate of the regeneration tower discharge fluid F221a containing the amine absorbing solution regenerated in the regeneration tower 22. At the same time, in order to reduce the proportion of CO2 (absorbent) remaining in the regeneration tower discharge fluid F221a, the operation of the reboiler 24 is controlled so as to increase the flow rate of the heating fluid F24 introduced from the reboiler 24 into the regeneration tower 22. This increases the proportion of CO2 absorbed by the amine absorbing solution in the internal space of the absorber 21. As a result, an absorption reaction occurs in the internal space of the absorber 21, for example, in the same manner as before the absorption performance decreased.

[0131] [C] Summary As described above, in the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment, the control unit 70 includes the inverse analysis unit 71 and the control signal output unit 72, similar to the first embodiment.

[0132] Therefore, according to the reactor control system 100 of this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the reaction proceeds appropriately in the internal space of the absorption tower 21, and therefore, it is possible to easily achieve efficient operation of the reactor.

[0133] [D] Variation In the above embodiment, the case where both the operation of the circulation pump P211 and the circulation pump P221 and the operation of the reboiler 24 are controlled has been described, but this is not limitative. It may be configured to control either the operation of the circulation pump P211 and the circulation pump P221 or the operation of the reboiler 24.

[0134] In the above embodiment, the inverse analysis unit 71 performs inverse analysis based on the measurement data SG111, the measurement data SG212, and the measurement data SG222. However, this is not limiting. As can be seen from FIG. 3, both the measurement data SG212 and the measurement data SG222 are data related to CO2 (absorbent) that was not absorbed by the amine absorption liquid (medium) in the absorption tower 21. Therefore, the inverse analysis unit 71 may be configured to use either the measurement data SG212 or the measurement data SG222 in the inverse analysis. In other words, instead of using all of the temperature data, pressure data, flow rate data, and component concentration data, a combination of data from two measurement points may be used. For example, an inverse analysis may be performed based on a combination of the flow rate data and composition data in the measurement data SG212 and the temperature data and pressure data in the measurement data SG222.

[0135] Although not shown, a regeneration tower heater (not shown) for heating the regeneration tower 22 may be further provided, and the operation of the regeneration tower heater (not shown) may be controlled by the control signal output unit 72 in accordance with the medium performance distribution data SG71. Also, a cooler may be provided in the absorption tower 21, and control may be similarly performed to lower the temperature of the absorption tower 21 using the cooler.

[0136] Fig. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a reactor control system 100 in a modified example of the third embodiment. As shown in Fig. 4, a bypass line may be provided through which a part of the absorber-tower discharge fluid F211, fluid F211b, flows from the absorber 21 to the regenerator 22, bypassing the regenerative heat exchanger 23. Here, the bypass line through which the fluid F211b flows is connected above the portion through which the regenerator-tower introduced fluid F231 is introduced, and is configured so that the flow rate is controlled by a flow rate adjusting unit (not shown) such as a valve.

[0137] The control unit 70 of this embodiment may further include a medium change prediction unit 73 and a notification unit 74, as in the second embodiment (see FIG. 2A). In this embodiment, the medium change prediction data SG73 obtained by the medium change prediction unit 73 is prediction data showing the time-series transition of the medium performance AP (absorption performance) of the amine absorbing solution absorbing CO2 in the internal space of the absorption tower 21. The time TC at which the medium performance AP (absorption performance) in the medium change prediction data SG73 falls below a reference value is notified to the user as, for example, the time when the amine absorbing solution, which is a medium, needs to be replaced. When the medium performance AP (absorption performance) of the amine absorbing solution falls below the reference value, instead of replacing the amine absorbing solution, a reactive amine (RNH2) may be added to the amine absorbing solution to return the medium performance AP (absorption performance) of the amine absorbing solution to a set value exceeding the reference value. Alternatively, the amine absorbing solution may be regenerated chemically (by adding another solution) or electrically.

[0138] <Other> Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents as defined in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0139] 21: Absorption tower, 22: Regenerator, 23: Regenerative heat exchanger, 24: Reboiler, 41: Steam turbine, 42: Generator, 43: Compressor, 44: Combustion chamber, 45: Gas turbine, 70: Control unit, 71: Inverse analysis unit, 72: Control signal output unit, 73: Medium change prediction unit, 74: Notification unit, 100: Reactor control system, 410: Waste heat recovery boiler, 412: Catalyst, 413: Ammonia storage tank, C232: Cooler, F11: Reactant introduction fluid, F111: Adsorbent introduction fluid, F12: Adsorbent introduction fluid, F13: Adsorbent introduction fluid, F21: Discharge fluid, F211: Absorber discharge fluid, F212: Absorber discharge fluid, F221: Regenerator discharge fluid, F221a: Regenerator discharge fluid, F221b: Reboiler introduction fluid, F222: Regenerator discharge fluid, F231: Regenerator introduction fluid, F232: Absorber introduction fluid, F24: Heating fluid, F240: Input heat, FD: Flow direction, P211: Circulation pump, P221: Circulation pump, P413: Ammonia feed pump, S11: Measurement unit, S111: Measurement unit, S12: Measurement unit, S21: Measurement unit, S212: Measurement unit, S222: Measurement unit

Claims

1. A reactor control system for controlling a reactor in which a reactant introduction fluid containing a reactant and an adsorbent introduction fluid containing an adsorbent are introduced into an internal space containing a medium, a product substance is generated by a reaction between the adsorbent adsorbed in the medium and the reactant in the internal space, and an exhaust fluid containing the product substance, unreacted reactant, and unadsorbed adsorbent is discharged from the internal space, a control unit that controls the reaction occurring in the internal space of the reactor by outputting a control signal to the reactor based on reactant introduction fluid measurement data measured for the reactant introduction fluid, adsorbent introduction fluid measurement data measured for the adsorbent introduction fluid, and discharge fluid measurement data measured for the discharge fluid. and The control unit an inverse analysis unit that performs inverse analysis on the reactant-introduced fluid measurement data, the adsorbent-introduced fluid measurement data, and the discharged fluid measurement data to determine a medium performance distribution in which the performance of the medium changes in the flow direction in which the reactant-introduced fluid and the adsorbent-introduced fluid pass through the medium, as medium performance distribution data. and configured to output the control signal based on the medium performance distribution data. Reactor control system.

2. A reactor control system for controlling a reactor in which an absorbent introduction fluid containing an absorbent that is absorbed into a medium containing a reactant is introduced into an internal space into which the medium is introduced, a first discharge fluid containing a product produced in the internal space and an unreacted reactant is discharged from the internal space, and a second discharge fluid containing unabsorbed absorbent is discharged from the internal space, a control unit that controls the reaction occurring in the internal space by outputting a control signal to the reactor based on adsorbent-introduced fluid measurement data measured for the adsorbent-introduced fluid and discharged fluid measurement data measured for at least one of the first discharged fluid and the second discharged fluid. and The control unit an inverse analysis unit that performs inverse analysis on the adsorbent-introduced fluid measurement data and the discharged fluid measurement data to determine a medium performance distribution in which the performance of the medium changes in the flow direction of the adsorbent-introduced fluid in the internal space as medium performance distribution data. and configured to output the control signal based on the medium performance distribution data. Reactor control system.

3. the inverse analysis unit is configured to perform the inverse analysis using a model constructed regarding the relationship between the reactant introduction fluid measurement data, the adsorbent introduction fluid measurement data, and the discharge fluid measurement data, and the medium performance distribution data.

3. The reactor control system according to claim 1 or 2.

4. a medium change prediction unit that predicts the transition of the medium performance distribution over time based on the medium performance distribution data obtained at multiple time points by the inverse analysis unit, thereby obtaining medium change prediction data; a notification unit configured to determine a time point at which the performance of the medium will be in a state other than a predetermined state based on the medium change prediction data determined by the medium change prediction unit, and to notify the time point; Equipped with 3. The reactor control system according to claim 1 or 2.

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