Laminated glass and vehicle

Abstract

The present application provides laminated glass and a vehicle. The laminated glass comprises first glass, second glass, and a bonding layer, which are stacked in sequence, the first glass and the second glass being connected by means of the bonding layer. The bonding layer comprises an infrared blocking film and an infrared transmissive film, a first opening being formed on the infrared blocking film, and the infrared transmissive film being arranged in the first opening. The laminated glass comprises a thermal insulation part and a wave transmitting part, the thermal insulation part corresponding to the area in which the infrared blocking film is located, and the wave transmitting part corresponding to the area in which the infrared transmissive film is located. The light transmittance of the thermal insulation part between the wavelengths of 780 nm to 2500 nm is in a range less than or equal to 45%, the visible light transmittance of the thermal insulation part is in a range greater than or equal to 70%, and the light transmittance of the wave transmitting part between the wavelengths of 780 nm to 2500 nm is in a range greater than or equal to 70%. According to the laminated glass provided by the invention, the heat insulation part and the wave transmission part are provided, so that the laminated glass has the requirement of high energy barrier rate light transmittance.

Description

Laminated glass and vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on August 30, 2023, with application number 202311107322.1 and application name “Laminated Glass and Vehicle”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application belongs to the field of glass technology, and specifically relates to laminated glass and vehicles. Background Art

[0003] As glass becomes increasingly widely used, user demand for glass is gradually increasing. For vehicles equipped with LiDAR (LiDAR), the LiDAR signal needs to be transmitted through the window glass. To ensure the proper operation of the LiDAR and meet high-precision measurement requirements, the window glass must have high transmittance for LiDAR signals in wavelengths such as 905nm or 1550nm. Currently used window glass, designed to meet heat insulation requirements, has a high rejection rate for infrared rays between 780nm and 2500nm, which cannot meet the requirements for LiDAR use.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a laminated glass, characterized in that the laminated glass comprises a first glass, a second glass and an adhesive layer stacked in sequence, the first glass and the second glass being connected by the adhesive layer; the adhesive layer comprises an infrared insulation film and an infrared transparent film, the infrared insulation film is provided with a first opening, and the first opening is at least partially provided with an infrared transparent film; the laminated glass comprises a heat-insulating portion and a wave-transmitting portion, the heat-insulating portion corresponds to the area where the infrared insulation film 33 is located, and the wave-transmitting portion corresponds to the area where the infrared transparent film is located, the transmittance of the heat-insulating portion in the light band of 780nm to 2500nm is less than or equal to 45%, the transmittance of visible light of the heat-insulating portion is greater than or equal to 70%, and the transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the light band of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 70%.

[0006] The light transmittance of the heat insulation portion in the wavelength range of 850nm to 950nm is less than or equal to 35%, and the light transmittance of the heat insulation portion in the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm is less than or equal to 10%.

[0007] The light transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the wavelength range of 850nm to 950nm is greater than or equal to 75%, and the light transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm is greater than or equal to 75%.

[0008] The transmittance of the first glass in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 75%, and the transmittance of the second glass in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 75%.

[0009] The infrared isolation film 33 includes an infrared absorption film, which has an absorption effect on light in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm.

[0010] Wherein, the thickness of the infrared absorption film ranges from 0.3 to 2.3 mm.

[0011] Wherein, the infrared isolation film includes an infrared reflective film, and the infrared reflective film has a reflective effect on light in the 780nm to 2500nm band.

[0012] Wherein, the thickness of the infrared reflective film ranges from 0.02 to 0.08 mm.

[0013] The bonding layer further includes a first bonding layer and / or a second bonding layer. The first bonding layer is disposed between the first glass and the infrared reflective film, and the second bonding layer is disposed between the second glass and the infrared reflective film.

[0014] Wherein, the first adhesive layer has a second opening, and the infrared transparent film is also filled in the second opening; or

[0015] The second adhesive layer has a third opening, and the infrared transparent film also fills the third opening; or the first adhesive layer has a second opening, the second adhesive layer has a third opening, and the infrared transparent film 34 also fills the second opening and the third opening.

[0016] The thickness of the first adhesive layer is in the range of 0.3 to 2.3 mm, and the thickness of the second adhesive layer is in the range of 0.3 to 2.3 mm.

[0017] The transmittance of the first adhesive layer in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 70%, and the transmittance of the second adhesive layer in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 70%.

[0018] Wherein, the infrared transparent film includes at least one of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, and ionomer film.

[0019] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a vehicle comprising: a vehicle body, the laminated glass of the first aspect, the laminated glass being installed on the vehicle body; a laser radar, the laser radar being installed in the vehicle body, the laser radar transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals through the wave-transmitting part of the laminated glass, the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave being in the range of 780nm to 2500nm.

[0020] In the present application, the heat-insulating part and the wave-transmitting part are arranged in the functional layer between the first glass and the second glass, so that the laminated glass has a high energy blocking rate for light in the 780nm to 2500nm band and meets the transmittance requirement of the laser radar for light in the 780nm to 2500nm band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained like these drawings without any creative work.

[0022] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the laminated glass provided in this application.

[0023] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional layered structure of an embodiment along line AA in FIG1 .

[0024] FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of an embodiment of the area indicated by X in FIG. 2 .

[0025] FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of another embodiment of the area indicated by X in FIG. 2 .

[0026] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional layered structure of an embodiment along line AA in FIG1 .

[0027] FIG6 is a graph showing the relationship between wavelength and transmittance of a vinyl butyral film (PVB) and an infrared absorbing film (Solar Control Film).

[0028] FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional layered structure diagram of another embodiment along line AA of FIG. 1 .

[0029] FIG8 is a graph showing the relationship between wavelength and transmittance of a vinyl butyral film (PVB), a PET film, and an infrared absorbing film (Solar Control Film).

[0030] FIG9 is a schematic cross-sectional layered structure diagram of another embodiment along line AA of FIG1 .

[0031] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an infrared reflective film according to one embodiment.

[0032] FIG11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an infrared reflective film according to another embodiment.

[0033] FIG12 is a schematic cross-sectional layered structure diagram of another embodiment along line AA of FIG1 .

[0034] FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged view of an embodiment of the area indicated by Y in FIG. 12 .

[0035] FIG. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between the incident angle and transmittance of a vinyl butyral film (PVB) and an EVA film.

[0036] FIG. 15 is a partial enlarged view of another embodiment of the area indicated by Y in FIG. 12 .

[0037] FIG. 16 is a partial enlarged view of another embodiment of the area indicated by Y in FIG. 12 .

[0038] FIG. 17 is a partial enlarged view of another embodiment of the area indicated by Y in FIG. 12 .

[0039] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] It should be noted that, for the convenience of explanation, in the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments.

[0044] Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the present application provides a laminated glass 1, comprising a first glass 10, a second glass 20, and an adhesive layer 30 stacked in sequence. The first glass 10 and the second glass 20 are connected by the adhesive layer 30. The adhesive layer 30 comprises an infrared insulation film 33 and an infrared transmission film 34. The infrared insulation film 33 is provided with a first opening 331, and the infrared transmission film 34 is at least partially disposed within the first opening 331. The laminated glass 1 comprises a heat-insulating portion 31 and a wave-transmitting portion 32. The heat-insulating portion 31 corresponds to a region where the infrared insulation film 33 is located, and the wave-transmitting portion 32 corresponds to a region where the infrared transmission film 34 is located. The heat-insulating portion 31 has a transmittance of less than or equal to 45% for light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range, a transmittance of visible light of greater than or equal to 70% for light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range, and a transmittance of greater than or equal to 70% for light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range.

[0045] The laminated glass 1 provided in this application can be used as glass, doors, or windows in vehicles, buildings, and the like. It exhibits enhanced infrared reflectivity, thereby providing enhanced thermal insulation for the laminated glass 1 having the adhesive layer 30. For example, the laminated glass 1 can be installed in a vehicle. In one embodiment, the laminated glass 1 is installed as the front windshield of the vehicle. In another embodiment, the laminated glass 1 is installed as the rear windshield, sunroof, or side window of the vehicle. In this application, the laminated glass 1 is installed as the front windshield of a vehicle as an example.

[0046] Specifically, the first glass 10 has a first surface 10a facing the outside of the vehicle 80 and a second surface 10b facing the inside of the vehicle 80. The second glass 20 has a third surface 20a facing the outside of the vehicle 80 and a fourth surface 20b facing the inside of the vehicle 80. The first glass 10 and the second glass 20 are subjected to a high-temperature bending process at a temperature of at least 500°C. The thickness of the first glass 10 and the second glass 20 is generally set within a range of 1.6 to 5.0 mm, such as 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.3 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm, 5.0 mm, etc., with 1.8 mm, 2.1 mm, and 2.3 mm being preferred, and 1.8 mm and 2.1 mm being more preferred. The first glass 10 and the second glass 20 can be ordinary white glass with a light transmittance of 75% to 85% in the 800nm ​​to 2100nm band. The light transmittance (Lt) is preferably ordinary white glass with a light transmittance of 85% to 95% in the 800nm ​​to 2100nm infrared band, or high-aluminum glass with a light transmittance of 86% to 96% in the 780nm to 2500nm infrared band, or high-boron glass with a light transmittance of 86.5% to 96.5% in the 780nm to 2500nm infrared band. Preferably, the light transmittance of the first glass 10 in the 780nm to 2500nm band is greater than or equal to 75%, and the light transmittance of the second glass 20 in the 780nm to 2500nm band is greater than or equal to 75%.

[0047] Referring to Figures 2 and 3 , the adhesive layer 30 is used to bond the first glass 10 and the second glass 20 together, ensuring the laminated glass 1 has a high degree of structural stability. The region formed by the first glass 10, the infrared-isolating film 33, and the second glass 20 stacked in sequence is the heat-insulating portion 31, while the region formed by the first glass 10, the infrared-transmitting film 34, and the second glass 20 stacked in sequence is the wave-transmitting portion 32. The heat-insulating portion 31 is used to isolate the vehicle 80 from external heat, while the wave-transmitting portion 32 allows light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range to pass through.

[0048] It is understandable that the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation portion 31 depends on the material of the infrared insulation film 33 . The infrared insulation film 33 may be an infrared absorption film 311 or an infrared reflection film 321 .

[0049] The transmittance of the heat insulating portion 31 in visible light is greater than or equal to 70%, and preferably, the transmittance of the heat insulating portion 31 in visible light is greater than or equal to 80%, so as to ensure that the laminated glass 1 has high transparency and improve the clarity of the user.

[0050] It is understood that the light transmission effect of the wave-transmitting portion 32 depends on the material selected for the infrared-transmitting film 34. The infrared-transmitting film 34 can be made of polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), ionomer (SGP), polyethylene octene copolymer, cycloolefin polymer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, or cellulose triacetate, etc. The light transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion 32 in the 780nm to 2500nm band is greater than or equal to 70%. Therefore, the wave-transmitting portion can transmit light signals in the 780nm to 2500nm band.

[0051] In the present application, the heat insulating portion 31 and the wave-transmitting portion 32 are provided in the adhesive layer 30 between the first glass 10 and the second glass 20, so that the laminated glass 1 has a high blocking rate for light in the wavelength band of 780nm to 2500nm and meets the transmittance requirements for light in the wavelength band of 780nm to 2500nm.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 4. In one embodiment, a first opening 331 is formed on the infrared isolation film 33. The infrared transparent film 34 is disposed in the first opening 331. The first opening 331 penetrates the infrared isolation film 33. The first opening 331 includes but is not limited to rectangular, polygonal, elliptical and other structures. It can be understood that part of the infrared isolation film 33 material is removed in a specific area between the heat insulation part 31 to form the first opening 331, and the infrared transparent film 34 is not provided, so that a hollow structure is formed between the first glass 10 and the second glass 20, that is, between the second surface 10b and the third surface 20a, to form the wave-transmitting part 32, and the light transmittance range of the wave-transmitting part 32 in the 780nm to 2500nm band is greater than or equal to 85%; preferably, the light transmittance range of the wave-transmitting part 32 in the 780nm to 2500nm infrared band is 86.5% to 96.5%, so that the interior of the vehicle 80 can receive and transmit infrared light band signals through the wave-transmitting part 32, thereby ensuring that the laser radar in the vehicle can work normally and has a high detection accuracy.

[0053] Continuing with Figure 3 , in another embodiment, the infrared isolation film 33 is provided with a first opening 331, and the infrared transparent film 34 is disposed within the first opening 331. The first opening 331 extends through the infrared isolation film 33; the first opening 331 may include, but is not limited to, rectangular, polygonal, or elliptical shapes. It is understood that a portion of the infrared isolation film 33 material is removed from a specific area between the heat insulation portions 31, and then a layer of the infrared transparent film 34 material is filled in this area to form the wave-transmitting portion 32. The wave-transmitting portion 32 has a transmittance of ≥75% for light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range. This allows the vehicle 80 to transmit and receive infrared light through the wave-transmitting portion 32, ensuring the proper functioning of the vehicle's lidar and achieving high detection accuracy. Among them, the infrared transparent film 34 arranged in the first opening 331 can be filled with the infrared transparent film 34 with the same shape as the first opening 331, or the part of the infrared transparent film 34 stacked with the infrared insulation film 33 can be squeezed into the first opening 331 by extrusion during the glass lamination process to form a filling.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, when the adhesive layer 30 is a single-layer structure, the infrared isolation film 33 is provided with the first opening 331 , the infrared transparent film 34 is provided in the first opening 331 , and the area of ​​the infrared transparent film 34 is equal to or slightly larger than the area of ​​the first opening 331 .

[0055] When the adhesive layer 30 has a double-layer structure, that is, the adhesive layer 30 includes a layer of the infrared isolation film 33 and a layer of the infrared transparent film 34 stacked together, the infrared isolation film 33 is provided with the first opening 331, and the area of ​​the infrared transparent film 34 is equal to the area of ​​the infrared isolation film 33. After the laminated glass 1 is combined and undergoes initial pressing and high pressure processes, the portion of the infrared transparent film 34 corresponding to the first opening 331 will overflow into the first opening 331, so that the first opening 331 is at least partially provided with the infrared transparent film 34.

[0056] When the adhesive layer 30 has a three-layer structure, that is, the adhesive layer 30 includes a layer of the infrared insulating film 33 and two layers of the infrared transparent film 34 stacked together in the order of: the infrared transparent film 34 / the infrared insulating film 33 / the infrared transparent film 34, the infrared insulating film 33 is provided with the first opening 331, and the area of ​​the infrared transparent film 34 is equal to the area of ​​the infrared insulating film 33. After the laminated glass 1 is combined and undergoes initial pressing and high pressure processes, the portion of the infrared transparent film 34 corresponding to the first opening 331 will overflow into the first opening 331, so that at least a portion of the first opening 331 is provided with the infrared transparent film 34.

[0057] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the heat-insulating portion in the wavelength range of 850nm to 950nm is less than or equal to 35%, and the light transmittance of the heat-insulating portion in the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm is less than or equal to 10%. Preferably, the light transmittance of the heat-insulating portion in the wavelength range of 850nm to 950nm can be 30%, 25%, 20%, or even 15%. The light transmittance of the heat-insulating portion in the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm can be 8%, 6%, 4%, or even 2%. The light transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the wavelength range of 850nm to 950nm is greater than or equal to 75%, and the light transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm is greater than or equal to 75%. Preferably, the light transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the wavelength range of 850nm to 950nm can be 80%, 85%, 90%, or even 95%. The light transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm can be 80%, 85%, 90% or even 95%.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 5 and 8. The infrared isolation film 33 includes at least one of an infrared absorption film 311 and an infrared reflection film 321. The infrared absorption film 311 has an absorption effect on light in the 780nm to 2500nm band, and the infrared reflection film 321 has a reflection effect on light in the 780nm to 2500nm band. When the heat insulation portion 31 includes the infrared absorption film 311 and the infrared reflection film 321, the infrared absorption film 311 and the infrared reflection film 321 are stacked and arranged between the first glass 10 and the second glass 20, and the infrared reflection film 321 is arranged closer to the first glass 10 than the infrared absorption film 311.

[0059] Referring to FIG. 6 , in one embodiment, the infrared isolation film 33 is provided with an infrared absorption film 311 . The infrared absorption film 311 has an absorption rate of ≥75% for light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range. The infrared absorption film has a thickness ranging from 0.3mm to 2.3mm, for example, 0.38mm, 0.51mm, 0.76mm, 0.81mm, etc., with 0.38mm and 0.76mm being preferred, and 0.76mm being more preferred.

[0060] The infrared absorbing film 311 may be a thermoplastic resin film containing heat-insulating particles, such as PVB containing CWO particles, PVB containing ITO particles, etc. The heat-insulating particles may be metal oxide particles with high infrared shielding properties, such as indium tin oxide particles (ITO particles), aluminum-doped tin oxide particles, antimony-doped tin oxide particles (ATO particles), gallium-doped zinc oxide particles (GZO particles), indium-doped zinc oxide particles (IZO particles), aluminum-doped zinc oxide particles (AZO particles), niobium-doped titanium oxide particles, sodium-doped tungsten oxide particles, cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles (CWO), thallium-doped tungsten oxide particles, rubidium-doped tungsten oxide particles, tin-doped zinc oxide particles, silicon-doped zinc oxide particles, etc. In order to further improve the heat-insulating performance of the infrared absorbing film 311, ITO particles or CWO particles are preferred. Furthermore, the average particle size of the heat-insulating particles is preferably 10 nm or more, more preferably 20 nm or more, preferably 200 nm or less, more preferably 100 nm or less, and even more preferably 50 nm or less. When the average particle size is above the lower limit, the heat shielding properties are sufficiently improved. When the average particle size is below the upper limit, the dispersibility of the heat-insulating particles is improved. The heat-insulating particles preferably account for 0.01% to 6% by weight of the infrared absorbing film, more preferably 0.1% to 5.5%, even more preferably 1% to 4%, and particularly preferably 1.5% to 3.5%. When the heat-insulating particle content is above the lower limit and below the upper limit, the heat-insulating properties are sufficiently improved, and the visible light transmittance is sufficiently increased.

[0061] As shown in Figure 6, Line A represents the transmittance of light in the 0nm to 2500nm band when a conventional PVB film is combined with the first and second glasses, where the first and second glasses are green glass. Line B represents the transmittance of light in the 0nm to 2500nm band when an infrared absorbing film 311 is combined with the first and second glasses, where the first and second glasses are green glass. Line C represents the transmittance of light in the 0nm to 2500nm band when a conventional PVB film is combined with the first and second glasses, where the first and second glasses are ordinary clear glass. The visible light wavelength range is 390nm to 780nm, and the infrared light wavelength range is 780nm to 2500nm. Clearly, the transmittance of a conventional PVB film combined with ordinary glass in the 905nm to 2500nm wavelength range is much higher than that of a conventional PVB film combined with green glass, or the infrared absorption film 311 combined with green glass. Therefore, the thermal insulation effect of a conventional PVB film combined with ordinary glass is unsatisfactory. Furthermore, starting from the 905nm wavelength range, the transmittance of the infrared absorption film 311 combined with the first and second glass layers gradually differs from that of a conventional PVB film combined with the first and second glass layers. In particular, in the 1550nm wavelength range, the transmittance of the infrared absorption film 311 combined with the first and second glass layers approaches zero. Therefore, the infrared absorption film 311 exhibits a high thermal insulation effect. When light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range enters the laminated glass 1, the infrared absorption film 311 absorbs the heat from the light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range and blocks it on the first glass 10, then dissipates the heat adhering to the first glass 10 through the outside air. In this embodiment, the infrared absorption film 311 is provided on the heat insulating portion 31 so that the heat insulating portion 31 has heat insulating properties.

[0062] Referring to Figures 7 and 8 , in one embodiment, the infrared isolation film 33 is provided with an infrared reflective film 321. The infrared reflective film 321 has a reflectivity of ≥75% for light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range. The infrared reflective film has a thickness ranging from 0.02mm to 0.08mm, for example, 0.02mm, 0.04mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, etc., preferably 0.04mm, 0.06mm, and more preferably 0.06mm.

[0063] The infrared reflective film 321 has a reflective effect on light in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm. The infrared reflective film 321 can be a thermoplastic resin film with a metal coating, or it can be a laminated film of multiple thermoplastic resins. The thermoplastic resin film with a metal coating can specifically be a thermoplastic resin film having at least one metal layer and at least two dielectric layers deposited on the surface, such as a single silver-coated PET film, a double silver-coated PET film, a triple silver-coated PET film, etc. The metal layer can specifically be a gold layer, a copper layer, a silver layer, or a silver alloy layer. The gold layer, the copper layer, the silver layer, and the silver alloy layer have good infrared reflective properties and can reduce the infrared transmittance of the laminated glass. The material of the silver alloy layer is preferably a silver-copper alloy, a silver-indium alloy, a silver-gold alloy, etc. The silver content in the silver alloy layer is preferably greater than or equal to 95%, and more preferably greater than or equal to 98%. The material of the dielectric layer can be a nitride, oxide, or oxynitride of at least one element selected from Zn, Sn, Ti, Si, Al, Ni, Cr, Nb, Mg, Zr, Ga, Y, In, Sb, V, and Ta. Examples include AZO, TiOx, ZnSnOx, and Si3N4. In certain embodiments, when multiple thermoplastic resin laminates are used as the infrared reflective film 321, the multiple thermoplastic resin laminates can be a multilayer resin film formed by alternating or randomly laminating any number of two or more thermoplastic resin layers having different refractive indices. The number of laminated layers can range from 20 to 1000, with specific examples including 20, 50, 80, 100, 120, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 layers. The number of layers is preferably 100 to 500.

[0064] As shown in Figure 8, line segment D represents the transmittance of light in the 0nm to 2500nm band for the combination of the infrared absorbing film 311 with the first and second glasses, where the first and second glasses are green glass. Line segment E represents the transmittance of light in the 0nm to 2500nm band for the combination of the infrared reflecting film 321 and the ordinary PVB film with the first and second glasses, where the first and second glasses are ordinary white glass. Line segment F represents the transmittance of light in the 0nm to 2500nm band for the combination of the PVB film with the first and second glasses, where the first and second glasses are green glass. Clearly, the transmittance in the 905nm to 2500nm band for the combination of the ordinary PVB film and green glass is much higher than that for the combination of the infrared absorbing film 311 with green glass and the combination of the infrared reflecting film 321, the ordinary PVB film, and ordinary white glass. Therefore, the thermal insulation effect of the combination of the ordinary PVB film and green glass is not ideal. Furthermore, in the wavelength range of 850nm to 905nm, the thermal insulation effect of the infrared reflective film 321 or ordinary PVB film combined with the first and second glasses is better than the thermal insulation effect of the infrared absorbing film 311 combined with the first and second glasses, and thus the infrared reflective film 321 is preferably used as the infrared insulation film 33. In the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm, the thermal insulation effect of the infrared absorbing film 311 combined with the first and second glasses is better than the thermal insulation effect of the PET film or PVB film combined with the first and second glasses, and thus the infrared absorbing film 311 is preferably used as the infrared insulation film 33. In one embodiment, when light in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm enters the laminated glass 1, the infrared reflective film 321 reflects the heat of the light in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm, thereby reducing the heat generated on the first glass 10 and thereby reducing excessive temperature inside the vehicle. In this embodiment, the infrared reflective film 321 is provided on the heat insulating portion 31 so that the heat insulating portion 31 has heat insulating performance.

[0065] Referring to Figure 9 , in one embodiment, the heat insulating portion 31 is provided with both the infrared absorbing film 311 and the infrared reflecting film 321. The infrared reflecting film 321 is positioned on the side closest to the first glass 10, while the infrared absorbing film 311 is positioned on the side closest to the second glass 20. The infrared absorbing film 311 and the infrared reflecting film 321 are stacked. As can be appreciated, when light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range enters the laminated glass 1, the infrared reflecting film 321 first reflects the heat from the light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range. The infrared absorbing film 311 then absorbs the heat from the light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range and blocks it on the first glass 10. The heat adhering to the first glass 10 is then dissipated through the ambient air. In this embodiment, the sequential placement of the infrared reflecting film 321 and the infrared absorbing film 311 within the heat insulating portion 31 improves the heat insulation efficiency of the heat insulating portion 31, thereby reducing the temperature inside the vehicle 80. Of course, in other embodiments, the infrared absorbing film 311 may also be disposed on a side close to the first glass 10 , and the infrared reflecting film 321 may be disposed on a side close to the second glass 20 .

[0066] Specifically, the infrared absorption film 311 can be a thermoplastic resin film containing thermal insulation particles, such as PVB containing CWO particles or PVB containing ITO particles. The infrared absorption film 311 converts sunlight energy into heat energy through the indium tin oxide layer. Specifically, it absorbs heat from light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength band and blocks it on the vehicle glass. The heat energy is then dissipated into the air through the air flowing outside the vehicle 80.

[0067] Furthermore, the infrared reflective film 321 can be a thermoplastic resin film with a metal coating, or a laminate of multiple thermoplastic resin films. Specifically, the metal-coated thermoplastic resin film can be formed by depositing at least one metal layer and at least two dielectric layers on the surface of the thermoplastic resin film, such as a single-silver-coated PET film, a double-silver-coated PET film, or a triple-silver-coated PET film. Specifically, the metal layer can be a gold layer, a copper layer, a silver layer, or a silver alloy layer. These layers have excellent infrared reflectivity and can reduce the infrared transmittance of the laminated glass. The silver alloy layer is preferably made of a silver-copper alloy, a silver-indium alloy, or a silver-gold alloy. The silver content of the silver alloy layer is preferably greater than or equal to 95%, and more preferably greater than or equal to 98%. The dielectric layer can be made of a nitride, oxide, or oxynitride of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zn, Sn, Ti, Si, Al, Ni, Cr, Nb, Mg, Zr, Ga, Y, In, Sb, V, and Ta. For example, AZO, TiOx, ZnSnOx, Si3N4, etc.

[0068] In certain embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , the infrared reflective film 321 comprises a substrate layer 313 and a silver layer 314. The substrate layer 313 may be polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Because PET is relatively smooth, a unique dual-layer magnetron sputtering process is used to sputter highly reflective precious metals and metal oxides onto both sides of the PET substrate. As will be appreciated, the infrared reflective film 321 is formed by applying a layer of the silver layer 314 onto the substrate layer 313. In hot climates, the silver layer 314 can isolate heat from light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range from outside the vehicle 80, keeping the interior of the vehicle 80 cool. In cold climates, the silver layer 314 can block heat from light in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range generated by the human body, household appliances, and gas, keeping the interior of the vehicle 80 warm in winter and cool in summer, significantly reducing the load on air conditioning and heating, and saving electricity costs. Therefore, the infrared reflective film 321 has a reflective effect on solar energy, reduces the total energy transmittance of solar energy, and plays a heat insulation role.

[0069] Optionally, since the silver layer 314 is made of metal, the infrared reflective film 321 is conductive. Busbars and power inputs are added at both ends of the infrared reflective film 321. When voltage or current is applied, the silver layer 314 generates heat, which can effectively eliminate fogging, frost or snow accumulation on the first surface 10a and the second surface 10b of the first glass 10 and the third surface 20a and the fourth surface 20b of the second glass 20 caused by a large temperature difference between the inside and the outside or in a cold environment. When the laminated glass 1 is applied to the front windshield of a car, the windshield can have a clear line of sight even in an environment with a large temperature difference between the inside and the outside or in a cold environment, thereby providing the driver with a clear field of vision.

[0070] Referring to FIG. 11 , in one embodiment, the infrared reflective film 321 includes multiple substrate layers 313 and multiple silver layers 314, with the substrate layers 313 and silver layers 314 being alternately stacked. The substrate layer 313 is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). First, a silver layer 314 is applied to one side of the substrate layer 313, followed by another layer of the substrate layer 313 applied to the other side of the silver layer 314, and so on. Preferably, three substrate layers 313 and three silver layers 314 are provided. Furthermore, in this embodiment, by stacking the substrate layers 313 and silver layers 314 in three layers, the silver layer 314 is structured to cover the substrate layer 313 as much as possible, preventing the silver layer 314 from being too thin, resulting in poor reflectivity, or from being too thick, which would be detrimental to the overall thinness and weight reduction of the structure and waste of material.

[0071] 12 to 13 , the bonding layer 30 further includes a first bonding layer 41 and / or a second bonding layer 42 . The first bonding layer 41 is disposed between the first glass 10 and the infrared reflective film 321 , and the second bonding layer 42 is disposed between the second glass 20 and the infrared reflective film 321 .

[0072] Referring to Figures 12 and 13 , one side of the first adhesive layer 41 is bonded to the second surface 10b of the first glass 10, and the other side of the first adhesive layer 41 is bonded to the side of the infrared reflective film 321 closest to the first glass 10. The first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42 sequentially bond the first glass 10, the infrared reflective film 321, and the second glass 20 together, thereby securely connecting the first glass 10 and the second glass 20. The material of the first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42 can be at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), and ionotropic polymer film (SGP). Preferably, the first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42 are made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The first adhesive layer 41 has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 70% in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm. Preferably, the transmittance of the first adhesive layer 41 in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm can be 75%, 80%, or 85%. The second adhesive layer 42 has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 70% in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm. Preferably, the transmittance of the second adhesive layer 42 in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm can be 75%, 80%, or 85%. Therefore, the first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42 have high visible light transmittance, ensuring high transparency of the laminated glass 1. The thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 is typically set between 0.3mm and 2.3mm, for example, 0.38mm, 0.51mm, 0.76mm, 0.81mm, etc., with 0.38mm and 0.76mm being preferred, and 0.76mm being more preferred. The thickness of the second adhesive layer 42 is generally set between 0.3mm and 2.3mm, for example, 0.38mm, 0.51mm, 0.76mm, 0.81mm, etc., preferably 0.38mm, 0.76mm, more preferably 0.76mm.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 14. As shown, line segment G represents the transmittance of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) in combination with the first and second glasses at various angles in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range. Line segment H represents the transmittance of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) in combination with the first and second glasses at various angles in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range. The transmittance of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) in combination with the first and second glasses at 780nm to 2500nm ranges from 83.3% to 92.9%. The transmittance of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) in combination with the first and second glasses at 780nm to 2500nm ranges from 78.6% to 87.7%. Clearly, the laminated glass using the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) in combination with the first and second glasses has a higher transmittance than the laminated glass using the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) in combination with the first and second glasses. You can choose to use it according to actual needs.

[0074] In one embodiment, a plasticizer is provided in the first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42 . The plasticizer is used to improve the sound insulation effect, wherein the content of the plasticizer in the first adhesive layer 41 is greater than that in the second adhesive layer 42 .

[0075] Preferably, to reduce the overall thickness of the laminated glass 1, in this embodiment, the first adhesive layer 41 is set to 0.76 mm, and the second adhesive layer 42 is set to 0.38 mm. The thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 is set to be greater than the thickness of the second adhesive layer 42, so that the plasticizer content in the first adhesive layer 41 is higher than the plasticizer content in the second adhesive layer 42, thereby improving the sound insulation effect of the laminated glass 1. Of course, in other embodiments, the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 can also be set to 0.38 mm, and the thickness of the second adhesive layer 42 can be set to 0.76 mm. This application does not make any specific restrictions, and all such thicknesses fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0076] Please refer to Figures 15 to 17 together. The first adhesive layer 41 has a second opening 411, and the infrared transparent film 34 is also filled in the second opening 411; or, the second adhesive layer 42 has a third opening 421, and the infrared transparent film 34 is also filled in the third opening 421; or, the first adhesive layer 41 has a second opening 411, the second adhesive layer 42 has a third opening 421, and the infrared transparent film 34 is also filled in the second opening 411 and the third opening 421.

[0077] Referring to Figure 15 , in one embodiment, the first adhesive layer 41 has a second opening 411, and the infrared-transmitting film 34 is positioned within the second opening 411. Specifically, the adhesive layer 30 includes the first adhesive layer 41, the infrared-reflecting film 321, and the second adhesive layer 42, stacked in sequence, with the infrared-reflecting film 321 sandwiched between the first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42. The infrared-transmitting film 34 sequentially penetrates the first adhesive layer 41 and the infrared-reflecting film 321 in the orthographic projection direction of the second surface 10b of the first glass 10, forming the second opening 411. The second opening 411 is filled with the infrared-transmitting film 34. The material of the wave-transmitting portion 32 can be at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), and ionotropic polymer film (SGP). Preferably, the infrared-transmitting film 34 is made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). Due to its high transparency and transmittance of ≥75% in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range, PVB effectively allows infrared light to pass through the wave-transmitting portion 32. In this embodiment, the thickness of the infrared-transmitting film 34 is set between 0.3mm and 0.9mm, for example, 0.43mm, 0.56mm, 0.81mm, 0.86mm, etc., with 0.43mm, 0.81mm being preferred, and 0.81mm being more preferred. The thickness of the infrared-transmitting film 34 is the sum of the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 and the thickness of the infrared-reflecting film 321. For example, if the first adhesive layer 41 is 0.76mm thick and the infrared-reflecting film 321 is 0.05mm thick, the thickness of the infrared-transmitting film 34 is 0.81mm. This ensures the overall flushness of the infrared-transmitting film 34 with the first adhesive layer 41 and the infrared-reflecting film 321. Since polyvinyl butyral (PVB) has high transparency, especially low absorption of light in the 850nm to 950nm band; especially in the 905nm band, when the light in the 905nm band passes through the wave-transmitting portion 32, the infrared transparent film 34 uses polyvinyl butyral (PVB) as the base material with a higher transmittance, so that the wave-transmitting portion 32 can better transmit signals for the light in the 905nm band.

[0078] Referring to Figure 16 , in another embodiment, the second adhesive layer 42 has a third opening 421, and the infrared-transmitting film 34 is positioned within the third opening 421. Specifically, the adhesive layer 30 includes the first adhesive layer 41, the infrared-reflecting film 321, and the second adhesive layer 42, stacked in sequence, with the infrared-reflecting film 321 sandwiched between the first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42. The infrared-transmitting film 34 sequentially penetrates the second adhesive layer 42 and the infrared-reflecting film 321 in the orthographic projection direction of the third surface 20a of the second glass 20, forming the third opening 421. The third opening 421 is filled with the infrared-transmitting film 34. The infrared-transmitting film 34 can be made of at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), and ionotropic polymer film (SGP). Preferably, the infrared-transmitting film 34 is made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). Due to its high transparency and transmittance of ≥75% in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range, PVB allows infrared light to effectively pass through the wave-transmitting portion 32. In this embodiment, the thickness of the infrared-transmitting film 34 is set between 0.3mm and 0.9mm, for example, 0.43mm, 0.56mm, 0.81mm, 0.86mm, etc., with 0.43mm, 0.81mm being preferred, and 0.81mm being more preferred. The thickness of the infrared-transmitting film 34 is the sum of the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 and the thickness of the infrared-reflecting film 321. For example, if the first adhesive layer 41 is 0.76mm thick and the infrared-reflecting film 321 is 0.05mm thick, the thickness of the infrared-transmitting film 34 is 0.81mm. This ensures the overall flushness of the infrared-transmitting film 34 with the first adhesive layer 41 and the infrared-reflecting film 321. Since polyvinyl butyral (PVB) has high transparency, especially low absorption of light in the 850nm to 950nm band; especially in the 905nm band, when the light in the 905nm band passes through the wave-transmitting portion 32, the infrared transparent film 34 uses polyvinyl butyral (PVB) as the base material with a higher transmittance, so that the wave-transmitting portion 32 can better transmit signals for the light in the 905nm band.

[0079] Referring to Figure 17 , in another embodiment, the first adhesive layer 41 has a second opening 411, the second adhesive layer 42 has a third opening 421, and the infrared-transmitting film 34 is positioned between the second opening 411 and the third opening 421. Specifically, the adhesive layer 30 includes the first adhesive layer 41, the infrared-reflective film 321, and the second adhesive layer 42, stacked in sequence. The infrared-reflective film 321 is sandwiched between the first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42. The infrared-transmitting film 34 sequentially penetrates the first adhesive layer 41 and the infrared-reflective film 321 in the orthographic projection direction of the second surface 10b of the first glass 10, forming the second opening 411. The second opening 411 is intended to be filled with the infrared-transmitting film 34. The infrared-transmitting film 34 sequentially penetrates the second adhesive layer 42 and the infrared-reflective film 321 in the orthographic projection direction of the third surface 20a of the second glass 20, forming the third opening 421. The third opening 421 is intended to be filled with the infrared-transmitting film 34. In this embodiment, the thickness of the infrared transparent film 34 is set to be between 1.0 mm, 0.6 mm, and 1.7 mm, for example, 0.81 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.57 mm, etc., with 1.2 mm being preferred. The material of the infrared transparent film 34 can be at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), and ionotropic polymer film (SGP). Preferably, the wave-transmitting portion 32 is made of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). EVA resin generally contains 5% to 40% vinyl acetate, exhibits high transparency, and is a thermosetting, cross-linkable resin. The cross-linking agent (peroxide) decomposes at high temperatures to generate free radicals, initiating a series of cross-linking reactions that cross-link linear molecules into a network structure. The cross-linked material exhibits significant improvements in strength, light transmittance, high-temperature creep resistance, solvent resistance, water resistance, resistance to wet-heat aging, resistance to UV radiation aging, and yellowing resistance. For example, EVA has a transmittance of ≥75% in the 780nm to 2500nm wavelength range, allowing infrared light to effectively pass through the wave-transmitting portion 32. Since ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) has high transparency, especially low absorption of light in the 1500nm to 1600nm band, especially the 1550nm band, when the light in the 1550nm band passes through the wave-transmitting portion 32, the infrared transparent film 34 uses ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) as the base material with a high transmittance, so that the wave-transmitting portion 32 can better transmit signals for light in the 1550nm band.

[0080] Referring to FIG. 18 , the present application further provides a vehicle 80 comprising a vehicle body 81, the laminated glass 1, and a laser radar 70. The laminated glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle body 81, and the laser radar 70 is installed within the vehicle body 81. The laser radar 70 transmits and receives electromagnetic wave signals through the wave-transmitting portion 32 of the laminated glass 1, wherein the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave ranges from 780 nm to 2500 nm.

[0081] Specifically, the vehicle 80 may be, but is not limited to, a sedan, a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), a sport / suburban utility vehicle (SUV), an off-road vehicle (ORV), a pickup truck, a van, a bus, a truck, etc.

[0082] Optionally, the mainstream choices for the laser radar 70 include 905nm laser radar 70 and 1550nm laser radar 70. The 905nm laser radar 70 uses an infrared laser with a wavelength of 905nm to collect information. It emits a laser beam as a detection signal into the surrounding three-dimensional space, and the laser beam is reflected by the objects in the surrounding space and becomes an echo signal and returns. The laser radar 70 compares the received echo signal with the emitted detection signal to obtain relevant information such as distance and speed of the surrounding objects. The same is true for the 1550nm laser radar 70. The wave-transmitting portion 32 of the laminated glass 1 is used for the 905nm laser radar 70 and the 1550nm laser radar 70 to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. The vehicle 80 equipped with one or more of the laser radars 70 has imaging, ranging and positioning functions, so that the vehicle 80 can detect obstacles near the vehicle during parking or driving.

[0083] The above is a detailed introduction to the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A laminated glass, characterized in that: The laminated glass comprises a first glass, a second glass and an adhesive layer which are sequentially stacked, and the first glass and the second glass are connected by the adhesive layer; The adhesive layer includes an infrared insulating film and an infrared transparent film, the infrared insulating film is provided with a first opening, and the infrared transparent film is at least partially provided in the first opening; The laminated glass includes a heat-insulating portion and a wave-transmitting portion, the heat-insulating portion corresponds to the area where the infrared isolation film is located, and the wave-transmitting portion corresponds to the area where the infrared transparent film is located, the transmittance of the heat-insulating portion in the light band of 780nm to 2500nm is less than or equal to 45%, the transmittance of the heat-insulating portion in visible light is greater than or equal to 70%, and the transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the light band of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 70%.

2. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light transmittance of the heat insulation part in the wavelength range of 850nm to 950nm is less than or equal to 35%, and the light transmittance of the heat insulation part in the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm is less than or equal to 10%.

3. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The light transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the wavelength range of 850nm to 950nm is greater than or equal to 75%, and the light transmittance of the wave-transmitting portion in the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm is greater than or equal to 75%.

4. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The transmittance of the first glass in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 75%, and the transmittance of the second glass in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 75%.

5. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The infrared insulating film comprises an infrared absorbing film, and the infrared absorbing film has an absorption effect on light in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm.

6. The laminated glass according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the infrared absorption film ranges from 0.3 mm to 2.3 mm.

7. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that: The infrared absorbing film may be a thermoplastic resin film containing heat shielding particles.

8. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The infrared isolation film comprises an infrared reflective film, and the infrared reflective film has a reflective effect on light in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm.

9. The laminated glass according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the infrared reflective film ranges from 0.02 mm to 0.08 mm.

10. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that: The infrared reflective film may be a thermoplastic resin film with a metal coating, or a plurality of thermoplastic resin laminated films.

11. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The adhesive layer further includes a first adhesive layer and / or a second adhesive layer. The first adhesive layer is disposed between the first glass and the infrared reflective film, and the second adhesive layer is disposed between the second glass and the infrared reflective film.

12. The laminated glass according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first adhesive layer has a second opening, and the infrared transparent film is also filled in the second opening; or, The second adhesive layer has a third opening, and the infrared transparent film is also filled in the third opening; or, The first adhesive layer has a second opening, the second adhesive layer has a third opening, and the infrared transparent film is also filled in the second opening and the third opening.

13. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 11 to 12, characterized in that: The thickness of the first adhesive layer is in the range of 0.3 to 2.3 mm, and the thickness of the second adhesive layer is in the range of 0.3 to 2.3 mm.

14. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: The transmittance of the first adhesive layer in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 70%, and the transmittance of the second adhesive layer in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm is greater than or equal to 70%.

15. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The infrared permeable film includes at least one of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, and ionomer film.

16. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: The infrared transparent film disposed at the first opening has the same shape as the first opening.

17. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The adhesive layer includes a layer of the infrared isolation film and a layer of the infrared transmission film stacked together, the infrared isolation film is provided with the first opening, and the portion of the infrared transmission film corresponding to the first opening overflows into the first opening, so that the infrared transmission film is at least partially provided in the first opening.

18. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The adhesive layer includes a layer of infrared insulating film and two layers of infrared transparent film stacked together in the order of: infrared transparent film, infrared insulating film, and infrared transparent film. The infrared insulating film is provided with the first opening, and the portion of the infrared transparent film corresponding to the first opening overflows into the first opening, so that the infrared transparent film is at least partially provided in the first opening.

19. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 17 to 18, characterized in that: The area of ​​the infrared transmission film is equal to the area of ​​the infrared insulation film.

20. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: Car body; The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the laminated glass is installed on the vehicle body; A laser radar is installed in the vehicle body, and the laser radar transmits and receives electromagnetic wave signals through the wave-transmitting portion of the laminated glass, wherein the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave ranges from 780nm to 2500nm.

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