Feedback indication and monitoring for ambient internet-of-things devices
By adapting feedback procedures based on the characteristics of EH-capable devices, the solution optimizes resource utilization and reliability in wireless communication systems for ambient IoT devices, addressing inefficiencies in existing systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/077164
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems for ambient internet-of-things (IoT) devices with energy harvesting (EH) capabilities face inefficiencies due to the use of a common feedback procedure that does not account for the varying energy storage and signal generation capabilities of different types of EH-capable devices, leading to inefficient resource utilization and potential failure in feedback procedures.
The proposed solution involves EH-capable devices adapting their feedback procedures based on their specific characteristics, such as energy storage and signal generation capabilities, to determine appropriate durations and granularities for feedback transmission and retransmission scheduling, optimizing resource utilization and reliability.
This approach improves the reliability and efficiency of feedback procedures by aligning them with the capabilities of EH-capable devices, enhancing resource utilization and reducing energy expenditure.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024077164_21082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
FEEDBACK INDICATION AND MONITORING FOR AMBIENT INTERNET-OF-THINGS DEVICES
[0001] INTRODUCTION
[0002] The following relates to wireless communications that pertain to feedback indication and monitoring for ambient internet-of-things (IoT) devices. Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communication system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) .SUMMARY
[0003] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient internet-of-things (IoT) devices. For example, the described techniques provide for a reader wireless device and an energy harvesting (EH) -capable device to communicate feedback in accordance with a feedback procedure that is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. For example, the feedback procedure may be based on a type of the EH-capable device, which may indicate energy storage and signal generation capabilities of the EH-capable device. The feedback procedure may indicate one or more durations associated with indicating feedback or receiving retransmission scheduling. For example, if the EH-capable device supports relatively low energy storage, the EH-capable device may identify a feedback procedure such that the EH- capable device has a relatively long duration for transmitting feedback in response to data or to receive retransmission scheduling. In another example, if the EH-capable device supports relatively high energy storage, the EH-capable device may identify a feedback procedure such that the EH-capable device has a relatively short duration for transmitting feedback in response to data or to receive retransmission scheduling. Such techniques may improve feedback procedures by an EH-capable device by adapting feedback in accordance with characteristics and capabilities of the EH-capable device.
[0004] A method for wireless communications by an EH-capable device is described. The method may include receiving one or more instances of first data, determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, and communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0005] An EH-capable device for wireless communications is described. The EH-capable device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the EH-capable device to receive one or more instances of first data, determine a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, and communicate feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0006] Another EH-capable device for wireless communications is described. The EH-capable device may include means for receiving one or more instances of first data, means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, and means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0007] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to receive one or more instances of first data, determine a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, and communicate feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0008] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an acknowledgment (ACK) based on a successful decoding of the first data, where the transmission of the ACK occurs at least a first duration after reception of an instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and where the first duration may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0009] Some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving downlink scheduling information for one or more instances of second data based on the transmission of the ACK, where the second data may be different from the first data.
[0010] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the reception of the downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the second data may be based on satisfaction of one or more threshold values by an energy storage capability or an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device.
[0011] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure may include operations, features, means, or instructions for refraining from transmission of an ACK based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data and receiving scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of the transmission of the ACK, where the reception of the scheduling information occurs at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and where the first duration may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0012] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, determining the feedback procedure may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a message indicative of a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the EH-capable device may be to communicate the feedback, where the quantity may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0013] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the message includes downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the first data, the downlink scheduling information indicative of a total quantity of the one or more instances and one or more time-frequency resources for communication of the one or more instances of the first data and the reception of the one or more instances of the first data may be based on the reception of the downlink scheduling information.
[0014] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first quantity may be less than the total quantity of the one or more instances of the first data.
[0015] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a report indicative of an identifier (ID) associated with the EH-capable device based on a successful decoding of the first data.
[0016] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure may include operations, features, means, or instructions for performing an operation indicated by the first data based on a successful decoding of the first data, where the performance of the operation may be the feedback that may be communicated.
[0017] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the one or more instances of the first data may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a first set of frequency resources and receiving a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a second set of frequency resources.
[0018] In some examples of the method, EH-capable devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device include a type of the EH-capable device, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device, or a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device.
[0019] A method for wireless communication by a reader wireless device is described. The method may include receiving one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device, determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, and communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0020] A reader wireless device for wireless communication is described. The reader wireless device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the reader wireless device to receive one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device, determine a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, and communicate feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0021] Another reader wireless device for wireless communication is described. The reader wireless device may include means for receiving one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device, means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, and means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0022] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to receive one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device, determine a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, and communicate feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0023] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting uplink scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data, where the transmission of the uplink scheduling information occurs at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and where the first duration may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0024] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, determining the feedback procedure may include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device may be to communicate the feedback, where the quantity may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0025] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an ACK after reception of a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on a successful decoding of at least one of the one or more instances of the first data, where the first subset includes the first quantity of the one or more instances.
[0026] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure may include operations, features, means, or instructions for refraining from transmission of an ACK after reception of the first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode the one or more instances of the first data and receiving a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of the transmission of the acknowledgement, where the second subset includes the first quantity of the one or more instances.
[0027] Some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a message indicative of a second quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device may be to communicate the feedback, where the second quantity includes an initial subset of the one or more instances of the first data and may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0028] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device include a type of the EH-capable device, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device, or a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] FIG. 1 shows an aspect of a wireless communication system that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient internet-of-things (IoT) devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 2 shows an aspect of a wireless communication system that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIGs. 3A–3C show aspects of feedback procedures that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0032] FIGs. 4A–4C show aspects of feedback procedures that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIGs. 5A and 5B show aspects of feedback procedures that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 6 shows an aspect of a process flow that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0035] FIG. 7 shows an aspect of a process flow that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0036] FIGs. 8 and 9 show block diagrams of devices that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0038] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0039] FIGs. 12 and 13 show block diagrams of devices that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0040] FIG. 14 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 15 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0042] FIGs. 16 and 17 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] Some wireless communication systems may support communications between ambient internet-of-things (IoT) devices (e.g., energy harvesting (EH) -capable devices) and an interrogator (e.g., a reader wireless device, which may be an example of a user equipment (UE) , a network entity, or another network node) . In some aspects, the interrogator and an ambient IoT device may perform a feedback procedure to initiate communications or determine whether to perform a retransmission. For example, the interrogator may transmit one or more repetitions of data to the ambient IoT device. If the ambient IoT device successfully decodes the data, the ambient IoT device may indicate feedback to the interrogator (e.g., respond with an acknowledgement (ACK) ) and the interrogator may schedule new data for transmission to the ambient IoT device. Alternatively, if the ambient IoT fails to decode the data, the ambient IoT device may refrain from responding to the interrogator and the interrogator may schedule a retransmission of the data (e.g., due to not receiving a response within a duration after a final repetition of the data.
[0044] In some aspects, an ambient IoT device may be associated with a type, which may indicate one or more capabilities of the ambient IoT device. For example, a first type of ambient IoT device may be unable to store energy and may be unable to independently generate signaling (e.g., a backscattering device, which may be referred to as type A) , a second type of ambient IoT device may support energy storage and may be unable to independently generate signaling (e.g., a backscattering device capable of amplifying a backscattered signal using stored energy, which may be referred to as type B) , and a third type of ambient IoT device may support energy storage and may support independent signal generation (e.g., an ambient IoT device including active radio frequency (RF) components for transmission, which may be referred to as type C) . In some cases, however, using a common feedback procedure for each type of ambient IoT device may result in inefficient resource utilization, unsuccessful execution of the feedback procedure, or both, among other adverse effects.
[0045] In some cases, an EH-capable device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) may identify a feedback procedure to use for reporting a reception status of data or a status of an operation according to one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, such as a type of the EH-capable device. The feedback procedure may indicate one or more durations associated with indicating feedback or receiving retransmission scheduling. For example, if the EH-capable device supports relatively low energy storage (e.g., a type A device) , the EH-capable device may identify a feedback procedure such that the EH-capable device has a relatively long duration for transmitting feedback in response to data (e.g., in a downlink scenario) or to receive retransmission scheduling (e.g., in an uplink scenario) . In another example, if the EH-capable device supports relatively high energy storage (e.g., a type C device) , the EH-capable device may identify a feedback procedure such that the EH-capable device has a relatively short duration for transmitting feedback in response to data (e.g., in a downlink scenario) or to receive retransmission scheduling (e.g., in an uplink scenario) .
[0046] Additionally, or alternatively, the feedback procedure may indicate a granularity of repetitions associated with communicating feedback. For example, if the EH-capable device supports relatively high energy storage, the feedback procedure may indicate a relatively low granularity for the EH-capable device receiving data (e.g., in a downlink scenario the EH-capable device may have more opportunities to indicate feedback, which may support an early termination of the data transmission) or a relatively high granularity for the EH-capable device to transmit data (e.g., in an uplink scenario the EH-capable device may have less opportunities to receive feedback, which may support reduced energy expenditure) . By performing feedback in accordance with characteristics of the EH-capable device, a reliability of ambient IoT feedback and resource utilization associated with communicating feedback may be improved.
[0047] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communication systems. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to feedback procedures and a process flow. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices.
[0048] FIG. 1 shows an aspect of a wireless communication system 100 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105) , one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some aspects, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0049] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some aspects, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link (s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link (s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0050] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105) , as shown in FIG. 1.
[0051] As described herein, a network entity (which may alternatively be referred to as an entity, a node, a network node, or a wireless entity) may be, be similar to, include, or be included in (e.g., be a component of) a base station (e.g., any base station described herein, including a disaggregated base station) , a UE (e.g., any UE described herein) , a reduced capability (RedCap) device, an enhanced reduced capability (eRedCap) device, an ambient internet-of-things (IoT) device, an EH-capable device, a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, an integrated access and backhauling (IAB) node, a distributed unit (DU) , a central unit (CU) , a remote / radio unit (RU) (which may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU) ) , and / or another processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a network entity may be a UE. As another example, a network entity may be a base station. As used herein, “network entity” may refer to an entity that is configured to operate in a network, such as the wireless communication system 100. For example, a “network entity” is not limited to an entity that is currently located in and / or currently operating in the network. Rather, a network entity may be any entity that is capable of communicating and / or operating in the network.
[0052] The adjectives “first, ” “second, ” “third, ” and so on are used for contextual distinction between two or more of the modified noun in connection with a discussion and are not meant to be absolute modifiers that apply only to a certain respective entity throughout the entire document. For example, a network entity may be referred to as a “first network entity” in connection with one discussion and may be referred to as a “second network entity” in connection with another discussion, or vice versa. As an example, a first network entity may be configured to communicate with a second network entity or a third network entity. In one aspect of this example, the first network entity may be a UE, the second network entity may be a base station, and the third network entity may be a UE. In another aspect of this example, the first network entity may be a UE, the second network entity may be a base station, and the third network entity may be a base station. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third network entities may be different relative to these examples.
[0053] Similarly, reference to a UE, base station, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE, base station, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a network entity. For example, disclosure that a UE is configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network entity is configured to receive information from a second network entity. Consistent with this disclosure, once a specific example is broadened in accordance with this disclosure (e.g., a UE is configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network entity is configured to receive information from a second network entity) , the broader example of the narrower example may be interpreted in the reverse, but in a broad open-ended way. In the example above where a UE is configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network entity is configured to receive information from a second network entity, the first network entity may refer to a first UE, a first base station, a first apparatus, a first device, a first computing system, a first set of one or more one or more components, a first processing entity, or the like configured to receive the information; and the second network entity may refer to a second UE, a second base station, a second apparatus, a second device, a second computing system, a second set of one or more components, a second processing entity, or the like.
[0054] As described herein, communication of information (e.g., any information, signal, or the like) may be described in various aspects using different terminology. Disclosure of one communication term includes disclosure of other communication terms. For example, a first network entity may be described as being configured to transmit information to a second network entity. In this example and consistent with this disclosure, disclosure that the first network entity is configured to transmit information to the second network entity includes disclosure that the first network entity is configured to provide, send, output, communicate, or transmit information to the second network entity. Similarly, in this example and consistent with this disclosure, disclosure that the first network entity is configured to transmit information to the second network entity includes disclosure that the second network entity is configured to receive, obtain, or decode the information that is provided, sent, output, communicated, or transmitted by the first network entity.
[0055] As shown, the network entity (e.g., network entity 105) may include a processing system 106. Similarly, the network entity (e.g., UE 115) may include a processing system 112. A processing system may include one or more components (or subcomponents) , such as one or more components described herein. For example, a respective component of the one or more components may be, be similar to, include, or be included in at least one memory, at least one communication interface, or at least one processor. For example, a processing system may include one or more components. In such an example, the one or more components may include a first component, a second component, and a third component. In this example, the first component may be coupled to a second component and a third component. In this example, the first component may be at least one processor, the second component may be a communication interface, and the third component may be at least one memory. A processing system may generally be a system one or more components that may perform one or more functions, such as any function or combination of functions described herein. For example, one or more components may receive input information (e.g., any information that is an input, such as a signal, any digital information, or any other information) , one or more components may process the input information to generate output information (e.g., any information that is an output, such as a signal or any other information) , one or more components may perform any function as described herein, or any combination thereof. As described herein, an “input” and “input information” may be used interchangeably. Similarly, as described herein, an “output” and “output information” may be used interchangeably. Any information generated by any component may be provided to one or more other systems or components of, for example, a network entity described herein) . For example, a processing system may include a first component configured to receive or obtain information, a second component configured to process the information to generate output information, and / or a third component configured to provide the output information to other systems or components. In this example, the first component may be a communication interface (e.g., a first communication interface) , the second component may be at least one processor (e.g., that is coupled to the communication interface and / or at least one memory) , and the third component may be a communication interface (e.g., the first communication interface or a second communication interface) . For example, a processing system may include at least one memory, at least one communication interface, and / or at least one processor, where the at least one processor may, for example, be coupled to the at least one memory and the at least one communication interface.
[0056] A processing system of a network entity described herein may interface with one or more other components of the network entity, may process information received from one or more other components (such as input information) , or may output information to one or more other components. For example, a processing system may include a first component configured to interface with one or more other components of the network entity to receive or obtain information, a second component configured to process the information to generate one or more outputs, and / or a third component configured to output the one or more outputs to one or more other components. In this example, the first component may be a communication interface (e.g., a first communication interface) , the second component may be at least one processor (e.g., that is coupled to the communication interface and / or at least one memory) , and the third component may be a communication interface (e.g., the first communication interface or a second communication interface) . For example, a chip or modem of the network entity may include a processing system. The processing system may include a first communication interface to receive or obtain information, and a second communication interface to output, transmit, or provide information. In some examples, the first communication interface may be an interface configured to receive input information, and the information may be provided to the processing system. In some examples, the second system interface may be configured to transmit information output from the chip or modem. The second communication interface may also obtain or receive input information, and the first communication interface may also output, transmit, or provide information.
[0057] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link (s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0058] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0059] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105) , such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU) , such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU) , such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0060] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs) , or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.
[0061] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., the wireless communication system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node (s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station) . The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node (s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) . IAB node (s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node (s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB node (s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node (s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104 or components of the IAB node (s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0062] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support test as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180) .
[0063] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.
[0064] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0065] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link (s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link (s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link (s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105) .
[0066] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0067] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1 / (Δfmax·Nf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0068] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communication systems, such as the wireless communication system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0069] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0070] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE) .
[0071] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105) . In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105) . The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.
[0072] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be relatively low cost or low complexity devices and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication) . M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that uses the information or presents the information to humans interacting with the application program. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.
[0073] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception concurrently) . In some examples, half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power conservation techniques for the UEs 115 may include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating using a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications) , or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs) ) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.
[0074] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0075] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0076] In some systems, a D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel, such as a sidelink communication channel, between vehicles (e.g., UEs 115) . In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, or some combination of these. A vehicle may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to a V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure, such as roadside units, or with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entities 105, base stations 140, RUs 170) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications, or with both.
[0077] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0078] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0079] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0080] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
[0081] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0082] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly via a communication link (e.g., the communication link (s) 125, a D2D communication link 135) . HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) ) , forward error correction (FEC) , and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ) ) . HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in relatively poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions) . In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received via a previous symbol in the slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.
[0083] In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support a feedback procedure to support a wireless device indicating a reception status of communicated data. For example, in a downlink scenario, a network entity 105 may transmit data (e.g., via a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) ) to a UE 115. The UE 115 may receive the data and may identify whether errors are present in the data (e.g., via a CRC) . In some cases, if the UE 115 has data to transmit to the network entity 105, the UE 115 may respond to the data with an ACK or a NACK (e.g., according to whether the data included errors or a decoding status by the UE 115) via a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) . Alternatively, if the UE 115 does not have data to transmit to the network entity 105, the UE 115 may transmit a CRC result to the network entity 105 via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) . In some cases, the network entity 105 may transmit new data to the UE 115 if the network entity 105 receives an ACK from the UE 115 or the network entity 105 may retransmit existing data with a different redundancy version (RV) if the network entity 105 receives a NACK from the UE 115. As another example, in an uplink scenario, the UE 115 may transmit data to the network entity 105, and the network entity 105 may refrain from transmitting an ACK or NACK regardless of whether the data was successfully received by the network entity 105. For example, the UE 115 may transmit data (e.g., via a PUSCH) to the network entity 105 and may determine whether the data was successfully transmitted based on whether the UE 115 receives a retransmission request from the network entity 105. If the network entity 105 does not send a retransmission request (e.g., a DCI having format 0_0 or 0_1 with a new data indicator (NDI) not toggled) within a certain duration, the UE 115 may determine (e.g., assume) that the PUSCH transmission was successfully received and decoded by the network entity 105.
[0084] In some cases, wireless devices may perform similar feedback procedures in a narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) framework. For example, a network entity 105 and a UE 115 (e.g., a NB-IoT UE 115) may perform a feedback procedure to report a reception status of data or a status of an operation, among other examples. In a downlink scenario, the network entity 105 may transmit downlink scheduling information to the UE 115 in repetition (e.g., repeated instances of the data via a narrowband PDCCH (NPDCCH) ) and may transmit data to the UE 115 in repetition (e.g., via a PDSCH) in accordance with the downlink scheduling information. In some examples, the UE 115 may respond to the data with a HARQ ACK or NACK to indicate whether the UE 115 successfully decoded one or more of the repetitions of the data. In an uplink scenario, the network entity 105 may transmit uplink scheduling information with an uplink grant to the UE 115 in repetition (e.g., repeated instances of a DCI message via a NPDCCH that schedules multiple narrowband PUSCH (NPUSCH) transmissions) and the UE 115 may transmit data via the scheduled resources in repetition (e.g., via the NPUSCH) . In some cases, if the network entity 105 successfully decodes one or more of the repetitions of the data, the network entity 105 may terminate the communications and refrain from transmitting feedback (e.g., an ACK) to the UE 115. Alternatively, if the network entity 105 fails to successfully decode the repetitions of the data, the network entity 105 may transmit retransmission scheduling to the UE 115 (e.g., repeated instances of the DCI message granting resources for NPUSCH data retransmissions) .
[0085] In some examples of the wireless communication system 100, a reader wireless device (e.g., a network device, such as a network entity 105, a UE 115, a network node, or the like) may communicate with one or more EH-capable devices (e.g., ambient IoT devices, which may be examples of UEs 115) . Such EH-capable devices may be examples of wireless devices with limited capabilities, such as devices implemented in various objects and configured to reflect received signals (e.g., a backscattering device) , perform relatively simple operations (e.g., reporting an inventory ID, a sensor measurement, or the like) , or both.
[0086] In some examples, EH-capable devices may perform radio frequency identification (RFID) procedures with a reader wireless device (e.g., an interrogator) . For example, the reader wireless device may transmit a query command to an RFID tag (e.g., an EH-capable device) and the RFID tag may backscatter a sequence of numbers (e.g., 16 random numbers (RN16) ) . To acknowledge the RFID tag, the reader wireless device may transmit an ACK by echoing the RN16 back to the RFID tag. If the RFID tag successfully receives the echoed RN16 transmission, the RFID tag may respond to the ACK by transmitting information associated with the RFID tag, such as protocol control (PC) or extended PC (XPC) information and an electronic product code (EPC) associated with the RFID tag. Alternatively, if the RFID tag does not successfully receive the echoed RN16 transmission, the RFID tag may refrain from transmitting a response to the reader wireless device. In some cases, the reader wireless device may transmit a negative acknowledgment (NACK) to an RFID tag (e.g., if RFID tag information such as the EPC is invalid) . If the RFID tag receives the NACK, the RFID tag may return to an arbitrate state without changing an inventoried flag, unless the RFID tag is in a ready or killed state, in which case the RFID tag may ignore the NACK and maintain a current state.
[0087] In some cases, such procedures (e.g., RFID procedures) may be associated with one or more durations. For example, a first duration (e.g., T1) may indicate a time domain allocation between a transmission from the reader wireless device (e.g., a query, a query repetition, an ACK, a command, or the like) and a response from the RFID tag (e.g., an RN16, PC / XPC and EPC information, a CRC, or the like) . A second duration (e.g., T2) may indicate a response time of the reader wireless device if the RFID tag is to demodulate a transmission from the reader wireless device (e.g., measured from a last bit of a RFID tag response (e.g., a dummy bit) to a first falling edge of a reader wireless device transmission) . A third duration (e.g., T3) may indicate a time that the reader wireless device may wait, after the first duration, before issuing a subsequent command (e.g., should the reader wireless device transmit a command and not receive a reply after T1, the reader wireless device may wait T3 until issuing a subsequent command) . In some cases, a cumulative duration of the first duration and the third duration may be configured to be equal to or greater than a fourth duration (e.g., T4) , which may be configured as a time (e.g., a minimum time) between the reader wireless device issuing commands (e.g., T1 + T3 should not be less than T4) .
[0088] In some examples, EH-capable devices (e.g., ambient IoT devices) may be categorized according to various types. In some cases, a type of an EH-capable device may indicate one or more capabilities of the EH-capable device, such as an energy storage capacity of the EH-capable device, a capability of the EH-capable device to independently generate RF signals for transmission, or both. For example, a first type of EH-capable device may not support energy storage and may be unable to independently generate signals, such as a backscattering device which reflects received signaling to communicate (which may be referred to as a type A EH-capable device) . A second type of EH-capable device may support limited energy storage and may be unable to independently generate signals, such as a backscattering device capable of amplifying backscattered signals using stored energy (which may be referred to as a type B EH-capable device) . A third type of EH-capable device may support limited energy storage and may be able to independently generate signals, such as when the EH-capable device includes active RF components for signal generation and transmission (which may be referred to as a type C EH-capable device) . In some examples, EH-capable devices supporting limited energy storage (e.g., type B and type C EH-capable devices) may support different amounts of energy according to an implementation of the device and may support different amounts of energy based on the type of the device. Such amounts of energy storage may be significantly smaller (e.g., order (s) of magnitude smaller) than an amount of energy storage supported by a NB-IoT device. Further, each type of EH-capable device may support demodulating control information, data, or other transmissions from a RAN entity (e.g., according to a connectivity topology) .
[0089] Additionally, or alternatively, EH-capable devices may be grouped according to one or more grouping schemes indicating a deployment environment of the EH-capable device, a functionality or application of the EH-capable device, or both. For example, a first grouping (e.g., grouping A) may indicate whether the EH-capable device supports deployment in indoor environments, outdoor environments, or either of indoor or outdoor environments. As another example, a second grouping (e.g., grouping B) may indicate whether the EH-capable device supports inventory applications, sensor measurement applications, positioning applications, command applications, or any combination thereof.
[0090] In some cases, EH-capable devices (e.g., passive IoT devices, ambient IoT devices) may support a common feedback procedure when communicating with a reader wireless device (e.g., independent of the type of the EH-capable device) . For example, in a downlink scenario, a reader wireless device may transmit data to an EH-capable device in repetition. If the EH-capable device successfully decodes the data, the EH-capable device may transmit feedback (e.g., an ACK) to the reader wireless device after a first duration (e.g., T1) from reception of a last repetition of the data. Alternatively, if the EH-capable device fails to successfully decode the data, the EH-capable device may refrain from transmitting feedback to the reader wireless device and the reader wireless device may transmit scheduling information for a retransmission of the data (e.g., a retransmission of the data in repetition) after a second duration (e.g., T2) from transmission of a last repetition of the data. As another example, in an uplink scenario, the reader wireless device may transmit uplink scheduling information to the EH-capable device that indicates a quantity of repetitions of data to be transmitted by the EH-capable device. In some cases, the reader wireless device may transmit retransmission scheduling or new transmission scheduling to the EH-capable device after a third duration (e.g., T3) from a resource scheduled for a last repetition of the data.
[0091] In some examples, communicating feedback using the common feedback procedure for each type of EH-capable device may incur one or more adverse effects. For example, a type C EH-capable device (e.g., a relatively high-capability EH-capable device) may successfully decode data after receiving an initial instance (e.g., a first transmission) of the data but may still receive one or more remaining repetitions of the data scheduled by the reader wireless device, thereby causing inefficient resource utilization by the EH-capable device and the reader wireless device. Additionally, or alternatively, EH-capable devices having different functionalities may communicate feedback using different mechanisms. For example, an EH-capable device supporting sensor operations may be configured to report an ACK to indicate successful decoding of a command, while an EH-capable device supporting inventory or command operations may be configured to report an (ID) or perform an operation to communicate feedback. Thus, the common feedback procedure may result in the reader wireless device failing to identify communicated feedback (e.g., if the reader wireless device expects an ACK and the EH-capable device instead performs an operation to indicate successful decoding) .
[0092] To support enhanced feedback procedures for EH-capable devices (e.g., ambient IoT devices) , an EH-capable device may identify a feedback procedure for communications with a reader wireless device according to one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, such as a type of the EH-capable device. For example, if the EH-capable device supports relatively low energy storage (e.g., a type A device) , the EH-capable device may identify a feedback procedure such that the EH-capable device has a relatively long duration for transmitting feedback in response to data (e.g., in a downlink scenario) or to receive retransmission scheduling (e.g., in an uplink scenario) . In another example, if the EH-capable device supports relatively high energy storage (e.g., a type C device) , the EH-capable device may identify a feedback procedure such that the EH-capable device has a relatively short duration for transmitting feedback in response to data (e.g., in a downlink scenario) or to receive retransmission scheduling (e.g., in an uplink scenario) . Additionally, or alternatively, the feedback procedure may indicate a granularity of repetitions associated with communicating feedback. For example, if the EH-capable device supports relatively high energy storage, the feedback procedure may indicate a relatively low granularity for the EH-capable device receiving data (e.g., in a downlink scenario the EH-capable device may have more opportunities to indicate feedback, which may support an early termination of the data transmission) or a relatively high granularity for the EH-capable device to transmit data (e.g., in an uplink scenario the EH-capable device may have less opportunities to receive feedback, which may support reduced energy expenditure) . By performing feedback in accordance with characteristics of the EH-capable device, a reliability of ambient IoT feedback and resource utilization associated with communicating feedback may be improved.
[0093] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 200 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include a reader wireless device 205, which may be an example of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 described with reference to FIG. 1. Additionally, the wireless communication system 200 may include an EH-capable device 210, which may be an example of a UE 115 described with reference to FIG. 1. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may support the reader wireless device 205 and the EH-capable device 210 communicating feedback according to a feedback procedure, which may be based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 210, such as a type of the EH-capable device 210 (e.g., a type of ambient IoT device) , an energy harvesting capability of the EH-capable device 210, or both.
[0094] As described herein, the EH-capable device 210 may be an example of an ambient IoT device (e.g., a device supporting limited energy storage and independent signal generation capabilities) . In some cases, the EH-capable device 210 may perform wireless communications with the reader wireless device 205 using backscattering techniques, which may include modulating an incident signal from the reader wireless device 205. To facilitate such backscattering communications, the EH-capable device 210 may include an antenna 215, an energy harvesting component 220, and a set of one or more impedances 225. The EH-capable device 210 may tune a reflection coefficient of the antenna 215 by switching over the set of one or more impedances 225, which may result in the EH-capable device 210 reflecting a variable amount of power from the incident signal. For example, when using BPSK modulation, the EH-capable device 210 may switch a load impedance of the antenna 215 between a first impedance 225 (e.g., Z1 or a relatively high impedance) and a second impedance 225 (e.g., ZN or a relatively matched load) . Accordingly, the EH-capable device 210 may either reflect all of the power of the incident signal back to the reader wireless device 205 or may harvest the power of the incident signal (e.g., using the energy harvesting component 220) to indicate binary values back to the reader wireless device 205.
[0095] In some cases, the reader wireless device 205 and the EH-capable device 210 may perform communications 230, which may be an example of downlink communications (e.g., data transmitted from the reader wireless device 205 to the EH-capable device 210) or uplink communications (e.g., data transmitted from the EH-capable device 210 to the reader wireless device 205) .
[0096] In a first example, the communications 230 may be an example of downlink communications. For example, the reader wireless device 205 may transmit scheduling information 235 (e.g., downlink scheduling information) indicating time-frequency resources for communicating repetitions of data 240 (e.g., data to be transmitted by the reader wireless device 205) and a total quantity of the repetitions of the data 240. As described herein, ‘repetitions’ of a signal may refer to multiple instances of the same information being communicated, which may include a first transmission of the signal followed by one or more repeated transmissions of the signal (e.g., without modifying the communicated information) . In some examples, the EH-capable device 210 may receive the repetitions of the data 240 and may attempt to decode each of the repetitions of the data 240. If the EH-capable device 210 successfully decodes at least one repetition of the data 240, the EH-capable device 210 may transmit feedback 245 to the reader wireless device 205 after a duration 250-a (e.g., a first duration T1) , which may be measured from reception of a last repetition of the data 240 to the transmission of the feedback 245. Alternatively, if the EH-capable device 210 fails to decode each of the repetitions of the data 240, the EH-capable device 210 may refrain from transmitting the feedback 245 and the reader wireless device 205 may transmit retransmission scheduling information 255 to the EH-capable device 210 indicating time-frequency resources for a retransmission of the repetitions of the data 240. In some cases, the reader wireless device 205 may transmit the retransmission scheduling information 255 after a duration 250-b (e.g., a second duration T2) , which may be measured from transmission of a last repetition of the data 240 to transmission of the retransmission scheduling information 255.
[0097] In some cases, the durations 250 may be configured according to a feedback procedure associated with one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 210, such as a type of the EH-capable device 210. For instance, the durations 250 may be correlated with an energy storage or energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device 210, which may be based on the type and / or energy harvesting capability of the EH-capable device 210 (e.g., a type A EH-capable device may support a lowest energy storage capability, a type B EH-capable device may support a middle-range energy storage capability, and a type C EH-capable device may support a highest energy storage capability) . As an example, if the EH-capable device 210 supports relatively small energy storage capability or energy conversion efficiency (e.g., a type A EH-capable device) , the durations 250 may be relatively long to provide the EH-capable device 210 with adequate time to attempt to decode the repetitions of the data 240. As another example, if the EH-capable device 210 supports relatively large energy storage capability or energy conversion efficiency (e.g., a type C EH-capable device) , the durations 250 may be relatively short due to the EH-capable device 210 being expected to decode the data 240 in a relatively short time. As another example, if the EH-capable device 210 supports a relatively middle-range energy storage capability or energy conversion efficiency (e.g., a type B EH-capable device) , the durations 250 may be relatively middle-range. That is, the durations 250 associated with a type A EH-capable device downlink feedback procedure (e.g., T1, A and T2, A) may be longer than the durations 250 associated with a type B EH-capable device downlink feedback procedure (e.g., T1, B and T2, B) , and the durations 250 associated with a type B EH-capable device downlink feedback procedure may be longer than the durations 250 associated with a type C EH-capable device downlink feedback procedure (e.g., T1, C and T2, C) , which may accommodate the capabilities of the EH-capable device 210.
[0098] In a second example, the communications 230 may be an example of uplink communications. For example, the reader wireless device 205 may transmit scheduling information 235 (e.g., uplink scheduling information) indicating time-frequency resources for communicating repetitions of data 240 (e.g., data to be transmitted by the EH-capable device 210) and a total quantity of the repetitions of the data 240. In some cases, the EH-capable device 210 may transmit the repetitions of the data 240 to the reader wireless device (e.g., according to the scheduling information 235) and the reader wireless device 205 may attempt to decode each of the repetitions of the data 240. If the reader wireless device 205 successfully decodes at least one repetition of the data 240, the reader wireless device 205 may refrain from transmitting subsequent communications to the EH-capable device 210 (e.g., the reader wireless device 205 may not transmit feedback 245 and the EH-capable device 210 may assume that the data 240 was successfully received) .
[0099] Alternatively, if the reader wireless device 205 fails to decode each of the repetitions of the data 240, the reader wireless device 205 may transmit retransmission scheduling information 255 (e.g., indicating time-frequency resources for a retransmission of the repetitions of the data 240) to the EH-capable device 210 after a duration 250-b (e.g., a duration T3) , which may be measured from a last scheduled repetition of the data 240 to transmission of the retransmission scheduling information 255. In some examples, the duration 250-b for transmitting the retransmission scheduling information 255 may be configured according to a feedback procedure associated with the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 210, such as the type of the EH-capable device 210. For example, the duration 250-b may be relatively long if the EH-capable device 210 is a type A EH-capable device (e.g., supporting relatively low energy storage capability) , the duration 250-b may be middle-range if the EH-capable device 210 is a type B EH-capable device (e.g., supporting middle-range energy storage capability) , and the duration 250-b may be relatively short if the EH-capable device 210 is a type C EH-capable device (e.g., supporting relatively high energy storage capability) . That is, the duration 250-b associated with a type A EH-capable device uplink feedback procedure (e.g., T3, A) may be shorter than the duration 250-b associated with a type B EH-capable device uplink feedback procedure (e.g., T3, B) , and the duration 250-b associated with a type B EH-capable device uplink feedback procedure may be shorter than the duration 250-b associated with a type C EH-capable device uplink feedback procedure (e.g., T3, C) , which may accommodate the capabilities of the EH-capable device 210.
[0100] In some cases, the feedback procedure associated the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 210 may indicate a granularity of the repetitions of the data 240 after which a device is to transmit the feedback 245. For example, the reader wireless device 205 may indicate a quantity of the repetitions of the data 240 (e.g., M repetitions) after which the EH-capable device 210 is to transmit the feedback 245 (e.g., in a downlink scenario) or after which the reader wireless device 205 is to transmit the feedback 245 (e.g., in an uplink scenario) . In some cases, the quantity of repetitions may be related to the type of the EH-capable device (e.g., as described in greater detail with respect to FIG. 3) , which may support an early termination of communicating the data 240, such as when an ACK is transmitted in response to a set of repetitions of the data 240 that occur prior to the total quantity of the repetitions of the data 240, which may reduce an energy expenditure by the reader wireless device 205 and the EH-capable device 210 while communicating the data 240. Additionally, or alternatively, the quantity of repetitions may be configured according to an energy status, an energy conversion efficiency, and / or a type of the EH-capable device 210 (e.g., a larger value of M for EH-capable devices 210 with a larger energy storage or greater energy storage conversion efficiency) . In another example, each type of EH-capable device 210 may be configured with the same quantity of repetitions (e.g., in an uplink scenario) .
[0101] In some examples of the wireless communication system 200 (e.g., in downlink scenarios or uplink scenarios) , the reader wireless device 205 may transmit scheduling information for a new process if the data 240 is successfully decoded based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 210 and a type of traffic associated with the new process. In some cases, the reader wireless device 205 may identify whether an energy storage capability, an energy conversion efficiency, or both of the EH-capable device 210 satisfy one or more respective threshold values. For example, if the energy storage capability, the energy conversion efficiency, or both of the EH-capable device 210 satisfy the one or more respective threshold values (e.g., a type C EH-capable device and, in some examples, a type B EH-capable device) , the reader wireless device 205 may determine that the EH-capable device 210 is capable of supporting more than one process and may schedule data with a new process ID if the EH-capable device 210 successfully decodes the data 240. Alternatively, if the energy storage capability, the energy conversion efficiency, or both of the EH-capable device 210 fail to satisfy the one or more respective threshold values (e.g., a type A EH-capable device) , the reader wireless device 205 may determine that the EH-capable device 210 is not capable of supporting more than one process and may refrain from scheduling data with a new process ID. In some examples, the threshold values associated with the capabilities of the EH-capable device 210 may be preconfigured or may be dynamically indicated (e.g., via a DCI message) .
[0102] Additionally, or alternatively, the reader wireless device 205 may determine whether to schedule data with a new process ID based on a traffic type of the new data. For example, if the EH-capable device 210 is capable of supporting multiple processes and the new data is associated with a time constraint (e.g., a relatively low-latency process) , the reader wireless device 205 may determine whether to schedule the new data according to a mapping between the type of the traffic and the energy status of the EH-capable device 210 (e.g., a preconfigured mapping) .
[0103] FIGs. 3A-3C show examples of feedback procedures 301–303, respectively, that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The feedback procedures 301-303 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the feedback procedures 301-303 may show examples of a reader wireless device and an EH-capable device communicating feedback based on a characteristics of the EH-capable device, which may be examples of corresponding devices described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. In some cases, the feedback procedures 301-303 may illustrate various granularities of data repetitions after which a wireless device (e.g., the reader wireless device or the EH-capable device) is to communicate feedback in a downlink scenario or an uplink scenario, which may support an early termination of feedback communications. In some cases, the feedback procedures 301-303 may be supported by EH-capable devices which perform sensor functionalities.
[0104] In some examples, the reader wireless device may transmit scheduling information 305 to the EH-capable device indicating time-frequency resources for communicating repetitions of data 310 and indicating a total quantity of the repetitions of the data 310. Additionally, in some cases, the scheduling information 305 may indicate a quantity (e.g., a granularity) of repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., M repetitions) after which feedback is to be communicated (e.g., by the EH-capable device in a downlink scenario or by the reader wireless device in an uplink scenario) . In some cases, the quantity of the repetitions of the data 310 may be based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, such as a type of the EH-capable device, an energy status of the EH-capable device, an energy storage conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device, or any combination thereof. It should be noted that the feedback procedures 301-303 may support any total quantity of repetitions of the data 310 and any granularity of repetitions and are not limited to the examples described herein.
[0105] The feedback procedure 301 illustrates a first example of a feedback procedure performed between a reader wireless device and an EH-capable device. In the example illustrated by the feedback procedure 301, the granularity of repetitions may be equal to the total quantity of repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., the total quantity of repetitions and M are each equal to 4) .
[0106] In a downlink scenario, the feedback procedure 301 may be used for an EH-capable device type that supports relatively low energy storage and energy conversion efficiency capabilities (e.g., a type A EH-capable device) . For example, the reader wireless device may determine to transmit each of the total quantity of repetitions of the data 310 to the EH-capable device to support the EH-capable device receiving and decoding the feedback (e.g., due to a type A EH-capable device being less likely to decode each repetition of the data 310) . If the EH-capable device successfully decodes at least one repetition of the data 310, the EH-capable device may transmit feedback 315 (e.g., an ACK) to the reader wireless device after a duration 320-a, which may be configured to be a relatively long duration for a type A EH-capable device (e.g., in comparison to type B and C EH-capable devices) as described with reference to FIG. 2. Alternatively, if the EH-capable device fails to successfully decode the repetitions of the data 310, the EH-capable device may refrain from transmitting the feedback 315 and the reader wireless device may transmit retransmission scheduling information 325 (e.g., indicating time-frequency resources for communicating retransmissions the repetitions of the data 310) to the EH-capable device after a duration 320-b, which may be configured to be a relatively long duration for a type A EH-capable device (e.g., in comparison to type B and C EH-capable devices) as described with reference to FIG. 2.
[0107] In an uplink scenario, the feedback procedure 301 may be used for an EH-capable device type that supports relatively high energy storage and energy conversion efficiency capabilities (e.g., a type C EH-capable device) . For example, the scheduling information 305 may indicate that the EH-capable device is to transmit a relatively large quantity of repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., in comparison to type A and B EH-capable devices) to the reader wireless device (e.g., due to a type C EH-capable device being more likely to successfully transmit each repetition of the data 310) . In some such examples, the reader wireless device may refrain from transmitting feedback 315 to the EH-capable device (e.g., no ACK is communicated even if the reader wireless device decodes the data 310) , and may transmit retransmission scheduling information 325 to the EH-capable device if the reader wireless device fails to decode the repetitions of the data 310 or may transmit new scheduling information (e.g., which may include a new process ID if supported by the EH-capable device) to the EH-capable device if the reader wireless device successfully decodes at least one repetition of the data 310. In some cases, the reader wireless device may transmit the retransmission scheduling information 325 or the new scheduling information after a duration 320-b, which may be configured to be a relatively short duration for a type C EH-capable device (e.g., in comparison to type A and B EH-capable devices) as described with reference to FIG. 2.
[0108] The feedback procedure 302 illustrates a second example of a feedback procedure performed between a reader wireless device and an EH-capable device. In the example illustrated by the feedback procedure 302, the granularity of repetitions may be less than the total quantity of repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., the total quantity of repetitions is equal to 4 and M is equal to 2) . In some cases, the feedback procedure 302 may be used for an EH-capable device type that supports relatively middle-range energy storage and energy conversion efficiency capabilities (e.g., a type B EH-capable device) .
[0109] In a downlink scenario, the reader wireless device may transmit subsets of the repetitions of the data 310 to the EH-capable device in accordance with the granularity of repetitions. For example, after transmitting the scheduling information 305 to the EH-capable device, the reader wireless device may transmit a first subset of repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., 2 repetitions) to the EH-capable device in accordance with the configured granularity. If the EH-capable device successfully decodes at least one repetition of the first subset of repetitions, the EH-capable device may transmit feedback 315 (e.g., an ACK) to the reader wireless device indicating the successful reception of the data after a first duration 320-a (e.g., a duration configured in accordance with aspects described with reference to FIG. 2) . In some cases, the reader wireless device may receive the feedback 315 and may terminate transmission of remaining repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., early termination) . Alternatively, if the EH-capable device fails to successfully decode the first subset of repetitions, the EH-capable device may refrain from transmitting the feedback 315 and the reader wireless device may transmit a second subset of repetitions of the data 310 to the EH-capable device after a first duration 320-b (e.g., a duration configured in accordance with aspects described with reference to FIG. 2) . If the EH-capable device successfully decodes at least one repetition of the second subset of repetitions, the EH-capable device may transmit feedback 315 (e.g., an ACK) to the reader wireless device indicating the successful reception of the data after a second duration 320-a (e.g., equal to the first duration 320-a) . Alternatively, if the EH-capable device fails to successfully decode the first subset of repetitions, the reader wireless device may transmit retransmission scheduling information 325 to the EH-capable device after a second duration 320-b.
[0110] In an uplink scenario, after receiving the scheduling information 305, the EH-capable device may transmit a first subset of repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., 2 repetitions) to the reader wireless device in accordance with the configured granularity. If the reader wireless device successfully decodes at least one repetition of the first subset of repetitions, the reader wireless device may transmit feedback 315 (e.g., an ACK) to the EH-capable device indicating the successful reception of the data after a first duration 320-a. In some cases, the EH-capable device may receive the feedback 315 and may terminate transmission of remaining repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., early termination) . Alternatively, if the reader wireless device fails to successfully decode the first subset of repetitions, the RWS may refrain from transmitting the feedback 315 and the EH-capable device may transmit a second subset of repetitions of the data 310 to the reader wireless device after a first duration 320-b. If the reader wireless device successfully decodes at least one repetition of the second subset of repetitions, the reader wireless device may transmit feedback 315 (e.g., an ACK) to the EH-capable device indicating the successful reception of the data after a second duration 320-a. Alternatively, if the reader wireless device fails to successfully decode the first subset of repetitions, the reader wireless device may transmit retransmission scheduling information 325 to the EH-capable device after a second duration 320-b.
[0111] The feedback procedure 303 illustrates a third example of a feedback procedure performed between a reader wireless device and an EH-capable device. In the example illustrated by the feedback procedure 303, the granularity of repetitions may be less than (e.g., significantly less than, in comparison to the feedback procedure 302) the total quantity of repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., the total quantity of repetitions is equal to 4 and M is equal to 1) .
[0112] In a downlink scenario, the feedback procedure 303 may be used for an EH-capable device type that supports relatively high energy storage and energy conversion efficiency capabilities (e.g., a type C EH-capable device) . For example, the reader wireless device may determine to transmit relatively small subsets of repetitions of the data 310 to the EH-capable device (e.g., due to a type C EH-capable device being more likely to successfully decode smaller quantities of repetitions) . After transmitting the scheduling information 305, the reader wireless device may transmit a first subset of repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., one repetition in accordance with the configured granularity) to the EH-capable device. If the EH-capable device successfully decodes at least one repetition of the first subset of repetitions, the EH-capable device may transmit feedback 315 (e.g., an ACK) to the reader wireless device indicating the successful reception of the data after a first duration 320-a. In some cases, the reader wireless device may receive the feedback 315 and may terminate transmission of remaining repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., early termination) . Alternatively, if the EH-capable device fails to successfully decode the first subset of repetitions, the EH-capable device may refrain from transmitting the feedback 315 and the reader wireless device may transmit a second subset of repetitions of the data 310 to the EH-capable device after a first duration 320-b. The reader wireless device and the EH-capable device may perform similar techniques to communicate each subset of repetitions of the data 310, thereby providing additional opportunities for early termination of the feedback procedure 303. For example, the EH-capable device may have an opportunity to transmit the feedback 315 after reception of the first subset of repetitions, the second subset of repetitions, a third subset of repetitions, and a fourth subset of repetitions, which may increase a likelihood of early termination of the feedback procedure 303. If the EH-capable device fails to decode each subset of the repetitions, the reader wireless device may transmit retransmission scheduling information 325 to the EH-capable device after a duration 320-b (e.g., measured from transmission of a last repetition of a last subset of repetitions of the data 310) .
[0113] In an uplink scenario, the feedback procedure 303 may be used for an EH-capable device type that supports relatively low energy storage and energy conversion efficiency capabilities (e.g., a type A EH-capable device) . For example, the scheduling information 305 may indicate that the EH-capable device is to transmit a relatively small quantity small quantity of repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., in comparison to type B and C EH-capable devices) to the reader wireless device. In some cases, after receiving the scheduling information 305, the EH-capable device may transmit a first subset of repetitions of the data 310 to the reader wireless device. If the reader wireless device successfully decodes the first subset of repetitions, the reader wireless device may transmit feedback 315 (e.g., an ACK) to the EH-capable device indicating the successful reception of the data after a first duration 320-a. In some cases, the EH-capable device may receive the feedback 315 and may terminate transmission of remaining repetitions of the data 310 (e.g., early termination) . Alternatively, if the reader wireless device fails to successfully decode the first subset of repetitions, the reader wireless device may refrain from transmitting the feedback 315 and the EH-capable device may transmit a second subset of repetitions of the data 310 to the reader wireless device after a first duration 320-b. The reader wireless device and the EH- capable device may perform similar techniques to communicate each subset of repetitions of the data 310, thereby providing additional opportunities for early termination of the feedback procedure 303. For example, the reader wireless device may have an opportunity to transmit the feedback 315 after reception of the first subset of repetitions, the second subset of repetitions, a third subset of repetitions, and a fourth subset of repetitions, which may increase a likelihood of early termination of the feedback procedure 303. If the reader wireless device fails to decode each subset of the repetitions, the reader wireless device may transmit retransmission scheduling information 325 to the EH-capable device after a duration 320-b (e.g., measured from transmission of a last repetition of a last subset of repetitions of the data 310) .
[0114] By implementing the feedback procedures 301-303, the reader wireless device and the EH-capable device may reduce or otherwise mitigate signaling overhead and improve resource utilization associated with communicating feedback.
[0115] FIGs. 4A-4C show examples of feedback procedures 401–403, respectively, that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The feedback procedures 401-403 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200 as well as the feedback procedures 301-303. For example, the feedback procedures 401-403 may show examples of a reader wireless device and an EH-capable device communicating feedback based on a characteristics of the EH-capable device, which may be examples of corresponding devices described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. Additionally, the feedback procedures 401-403 may show examples of communicating subsets of repetitions of data according to a configured granularity for reporting feedback, as described with reference to FIGs. 3A–3C. In some cases, the feedback procedures 401-403 may support communicating feedback in an uplink scenario (e.g., from the EH-capable device to the reader wireless device) where a quantity of an initial subset of repetitions are configured by the reader wireless device (e.g., a minimum required quantity of repetitions for uplink data) . In some cases, the feedback procedures 401-403 may be supported by EH-capable devices which perform sensor functionalities.
[0116] In some examples, the reader wireless device may transmit scheduling information 405 to the EH-capable device indicating time-frequency resources for communicating repetitions of data 410 and indicating a total quantity of the repetitions of the data 310. In some cases, the scheduling information 405 may indicate a first quantity associated with a granularity of repetitions of the data 410 (e.g., M repetitions) after which feedback is to be communicated as described with reference to FIGs. 3A–3C. Additionally, the scheduling information may indicate a second quantity of repetitions that the EH-capable device is to include in an initial subset 430 of repetitions of the data 410. For example, the EH-capable device may include the second quantity of repetitions in the initial subset 430 of repetitions and may include the first quantity of repetitions in one or more subsequent subsets of repetitions. In some cases, the quantity of repetitions in the initial subset 430 may be based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device, such as a type of the EH-capable device, an energy storage status of the EH-capable device, an energy storage efficiency of the EH-capable device, or any combination thereof. It should be noted that the feedback procedures 401-403 may support any total quantity of repetitions of the data 410, any granularity of repetitions for reporting feedback, and any quantity of repetitions in an initial subset 430, and are not limited to the examples described herein.
[0117] The feedback procedure 401 illustrates a first example of an uplink feedback procedure performed between a reader wireless device and an EH-capable device. In the example illustrated by the feedback procedure 401, the quantity of repetitions configured for an initial subset 430-a of repetitions may be relatively low (e.g., 2 repetitions) and the granularity of repetitions for reporting feedback may be relatively low (e.g., 1 repetition) . In some cases, the feedback procedure 401 may be used for an EH-capable device type that supports relatively low energy storage and energy conversion efficiency capabilities (e.g., a type A EH-capable device) . The scheduling information 405 may indicate that the EH-capable device is to transmit two repetitions of the data 410 in the initial subset 430-a of the repetitions and the EH-capable device may transmit the initial subset 430-a of repetitions to the reader wireless device. If the reader wireless device successfully decodes the initial subset 430-a of repetitions, the reader wireless device may transmit feedback 415 (e.g., an ACK) to the EH-capable device indicating the successful reception of the data after a duration 420-a. In some cases, the EH-capable device may receive the feedback 415 and may terminate transmission of remaining repetitions of the data 410 (e.g., early termination) .
[0118] Alternatively, if the reader wireless device fails to successfully decode the initial subset 430-a of repetitions, the reader wireless device may refrain from transmitting the feedback 415 and the EH-capable device may transmit a second subset of repetitions of the data 410 to the reader wireless device after a duration 420-b, where the second subset of repetitions may include the configured granularity of repetitions (e.g., 1 repetition for subsets of repetitions after the initial subset) . The reader wireless device and the EH-capable device may continue to communicate subsets of repetitions of the data 410 until the reader wireless device successfully decodes a subset or each repetition of the data 410 has been communicated. That is, after communicating the initial subset 430-a of repetitions of the data 410, the reader wireless device and the EH-capable device may perform the feedback procedure 401 using techniques similar to the feedback procedure 303 described with reference to FIG. 3C.
[0119] The feedback procedure 402 illustrates a second example of an uplink feedback procedure performed between a reader wireless device and an EH-capable device. In the example illustrated by the feedback procedure 402, the quantity of repetitions configured for an initial subset 430-b of repetitions may be relatively middle-range (e.g., 3 repetitions) and the granularity of repetitions for reporting feedback may be relatively middle-range (e.g., 2 repetitions) . In some cases, the feedback procedure 402 may be used for an EH-capable device type that supports relatively middle-range energy storage and energy conversion efficiency capabilities (e.g., a type B EH-capable device) . The scheduling information 405 may indicate that the EH-capable device is to transmit three repetitions of the data 410 in the initial subset 430-b of the repetitions and the EH-capable device may transmit the initial subset 430-b of repetitions to the reader wireless device. If the reader wireless device successfully decodes the initial subset 430-b of repetitions, the reader wireless device may transmit feedback 415 (e.g., an ACK) to the EH-capable device indicating the successful reception of the data after a duration 420-a. In some cases, the EH-capable device may receive the feedback 415 and may terminate transmission of remaining repetitions of the data 410 (e.g., early termination) .
[0120] Alternatively, if the reader wireless device fails to successfully decode the initial subset 430-b of repetitions, the reader wireless device may refrain from transmitting the feedback 415 and the EH-capable device may transmit a second subset of repetitions of the data 410 to the reader wireless device after a duration 420-b. In some cases, the EH-capable device may refrain from transmitting repetitions that exceed the total configured quantity of repetitions of the data 410 (e.g., indicated by the scheduling information 405) . For example, the EH-capable device may transmit one repetition of the data 410 in the second subset of repetitions despite the granularity of repetitions for reporting feedback after the initial subset 430-b being configured as two (e.g., due to the total quantity of repetitions being 4 and transmitting 3 repetitions in the initial subset 430-b) . In some examples, if the EH-capable device will not exceed the total quantity of repetitions when communicating one or more subsequent subsets of repetitions, the EH-capable device may continue to transmit subsets of repetitions of the data 410 (e.g., according to the granularity) until the reader wireless device successfully decodes a subset or each repetition of the data 410 has been communicated (e.g., using techniques similar to the feedback procedure 302 described with reference to FIG. 3B) .
[0121] The feedback procedure 403 illustrates a third example of an uplink feedback procedure performed between a reader wireless device and an EH-capable device. In the example illustrated by the feedback procedure 403, the quantity of repetitions configured for an initial subset 430-c of repetitions may be relatively high (e.g., 4 repetitions) and the granularity of repetitions for reporting feedback may be relatively high (e.g., 4 repetitions) . For example, the quantity of repetitions configured for the initial subset 430-c and the granularity of repetitions may each be equal to the total quantity of repetitions of the data 410. In such examples, the reader wireless device and the EH-capable device may perform the feedback procedure 403 using techniques similar to the feedback procedure 301 described with reference to FIG. 3A (e.g., all repetitions communicated in one subset which corresponds to the initial subset 430-c) . In some cases, the feedback procedure 403 may be used for an EH-capable device type that supports relatively high energy storage and energy conversion efficiency capabilities (e.g., a type C EH-capable device) .
[0122] FIGs. 5A and 5B show examples of feedback procedures 501 and 502, respectively, that support feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The feedback procedures 501 and 502 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200 as well as the feedback procedures 301-303 and the feedback procedures 401-403. For example, the feedback procedures 301-303 may show examples of a reader wireless device and an EH-capable device communicating feedback based on a characteristics of the EH-capable device, which may be examples of corresponding devices and techniques described with reference to FIGs. 1–4C. In some examples, the feedback procedures 501 and 502 may be supported by EH-capable devices which perform inventory or command functionalities. For example, if the EH-capable device supports an inventory service, the reader wireless device may trigger the EH-capable device to report an ID of the EH-capable device. As another example, if the EH-capable device supports a command service, the reader wireless device may issue a command to the EH-capable device to perform an operation (e.g., an application, and action, or the like) supported by the EH-capable device.
[0123] In some cases, the reader wireless device (e.g., a network entity, an IAB node, a repeater, a UE, or the like) may operate according to a timeline 505-a and the EH-capable device may operate according to the timeline 505-b. The reader wireless device may transmit application signaling 510 to the EH-capable device indicating for the EH-capable device to perform a service. For example, the application signaling 510 may include a trigger for the EH-capable device to report an ID of the EH-capable device (e.g., if the EH-capable device is for an inventory service) or a controlling command for the EH-capable device to perform an operation (e.g., if the EH-capable device is for a command service) . In some examples, the reader wireless device may transmit the application signaling 510 in repetition (e.g., one or more additional instances of the application signaling 510 communicated after an initial instance of the application signaling 510) . Additionally, or alternatively, the reader wireless device may transmit one or more sets of repetitions of the application signaling 510 across various frequency resources. For example, application signaling 510-a may include a first set of repetitions the application signaling 510 communicated via a first set of frequency resources and the application signaling 510-b may include a second set of repetitions of the application signaling 510 communicated via a second set of frequency resources. In some cases, the first set of frequency resources may be a subset of the second set of frequency resources, the second set of frequency resources may be a subset of the first set of frequency resources, or the first set of frequency resources may be separate from the second set of frequency resources. Additionally, or alternatively, the application signaling 510-b may be an example of one or more retransmissions of the application signaling 510-a (e.g., the reader wireless device may schedule the application signaling 510-b if the EH-capable device fails to decode the application signaling 510-a) .
[0124] In the example illustrated by the feedback procedure 501, the EH-capable device may be configured to communicate feedback 515 after receiving each repetition of the application signaling 510. For example, after receiving a first instance of the application signaling 510-a, the EH-capable device may attempt to decode the application signaling 510-a. If the EH-capable device successfully decodes the first instance of the application signaling 510-a, the EH-capable device may perform the feedback 515 after a duration 520-a (e.g., a duration Tres between transmission of the application signaling 510-a and performance of the feedback 515) , which may be configured based on characteristics of the EH-capable device in accordance with techniques described herein. In some cases, performing the feedback 515 may include the EH-capable device reporting the ID of the EH-capable device (e.g., for an inventory service) or performing an operation indicated by a command in the application signaling 510-a (e.g., for an inventory service) , where performance of the operation may act as communication of the feedback 515. Alternatively, if the EH-capable device fails to successfully decode the first instance of the application signaling 510-a, the EH-capable device may refrain from indicating the feedback 515 and the reader wireless device may transmit a second instance (e.g., a repetition) of the application signaling 510-a to the EH-capable device after a duration 520-b (e.g., a duration Tout between transmission of repetitions of the application signaling 510-a if the reader wireless device does not identify the feedback 515) , which may be configured based on characteristics of the EH-capable device in accordance with techniques described herein.
[0125] In some examples, if the EH-capable device fails to successfully decode each repetition of the application signaling 510-a (e.g., fails to perform the feedback 515 after receiving each instance of the application signaling 510-a) , the reader wireless device may schedule and transmit repetitions of the application signaling 510-b to the EH-capable device. The reader wireless device and the EH-capable device may perform similar techniques to communicate the feedback 515 for the repetitions of the application signaling 510-b (e.g., attempting to communicate the feedback 515 after each instance of the application signaling 510-b) .
[0126] In the example illustrated by the feedback procedure 502, the EH-capable device may be configured to communicate feedback 515 after receiving a quantity of repetitions of the application signaling 510 (e.g., a fixed quantity of retransmissions of the application signaling 510 within the same frequency resources or within a specified transmit power) . For example, the EH-capable device may receive one or more repetitions of the application signaling 510-a and may attempt to decode the one or more repetitions of the application signaling 510-a. If the EH-capable device successfully decodes at least one repetition of the application signaling 510-a, the EH-capable device may communicate the feedback 515 after the duration 520-a (e.g., Tres) . In some cases, if the reader wireless device identifies the feedback 515, the reader wireless device may terminate subsequent transmissions of application signaling 510 (e.g., early termination based on successful feedback) . Alternatively, if the EH-capable device fails to successfully decode the data, the EH-capable device may refrain from communicating the feedback 515 and the reader wireless device may schedule and transmit one or more repetitions of the application signaling 510-b to the EH-capable device after the duration 520-b (e.g., Tout) . In some cases, the reader wireless device may terminate communications with the EH-capable device if the reader wireless device identifies the feedback 515 after transmitting a repetition of application signaling 510 (e.g., the EH-capable device reported an ID or performed an operation) or if the reader wireless device identifies that retransmissions have occurred across a configured set of frequency resources (e.g., a set of frequency resources including at least the first set of frequency resources associated with the application signaling 510-a and the second set of frequency resources associated with the application signaling 510-b) .
[0127] FIG. 6 shows an example of a process flow 600 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 600 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200 as well as the feedback procedures 301-303, 401-403, 501, and 502. For example, the process flow 600 may show an example of a reader wireless device 605 and an EH-capable device 610 communicating feedback according to a feedback procedure that is based on characteristics of the EH-capable device 610, which may be examples of corresponding devices and techniques described with reference to FIGs. 1–5B. Alternative examples of the following may be implemented, where some processes are performed in a different order than described or are not performed. In some cases, processes may include additional features not mentioned below, or further processes may be added.
[0128] At 615, the reader wireless device 605 may transmit scheduling information to the EH-capable device 610. In some examples, the scheduling information may be downlink scheduling information to schedule one or more transmissions from the reader wireless device 605 to the EH-capable device 610. In some cases, the scheduling information may indicate one or more time-frequency resources for communication of one or more instances of first data (e.g., an initially communicated instance of first data and one or more repetitions of the first data) . In some examples, the scheduling information may indicate a total quantity of the one or more instances of the first data (e.g., a configured quantity of repetitions) and a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the EH-capable device 610 is to communicate feedback (e.g., a granularity of repetitions for feedback reporting) . In some cases, the first quantity may be based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 610, which may include a type of the EH-capable device 610, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device 610, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device 610, a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device 610, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the first quantity may be less than the total quantity of the one or more instances of the first data (e.g., for type B and type C EH-capable devices, a downlink feedback reporting granularity may be less than the total configured quantity of repetitions) .
[0129] At 620, the EH-capable device 610 may determine a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data. In some cases, the feedback procedure may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 610. In some cases, the feedback procedure may indicate the first quantity of instances of the first data, one or more durations associated with communicating feedback or receiving retransmission scheduling, a quantity of processes (e.g., operations, applications, tasks) supported by the EH-capable device 610, a type of feedback to report, or any combination thereof.
[0130] At 625, the EH-capable device 610 may receive one or more instances of the first data in accordance with the scheduling information. For example, the EH-capable device 610 may receive the first quantity of instances of the first data via time-frequency resources indicated by the scheduling information. In some cases, the one or more instances of the first data may include a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data and the EH-capable device 610 may receive the first subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a first set of frequency resources.
[0131] At 630, the EH-capable device 610 may communicate feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure. In some examples, communicating the feedback may be based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device 610, to decode the one or more instances of the first data. In a first example, the EH-capable device 610 may successfully decode at least one instance of the first data and may transmit an ACK based on the successful decoding of the first data (e.g., if the EH-capable device 610 supports sensor functionality) . In some cases, the transmission of the ACK may occur at least a first duration after reception of an instance of the one or more instances of the first data (e.g., a last instance) , where the first duration may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 610. In a second example, the EH-capable device 610 may transmit a report indicative of an ID associated with the EH-capable device 610 based on the successful decoding of the first data (e.g., if the EH-capable device 610 supports inventory functionality) . In a third example, the EH-capable device 610 may perform an operation indicated by the first data (e.g., the first data may be a controlling command) based on the successful decoding of the first data, where performance of the operation may be the feedback that is communicated (e.g., if the EH-capable device 610 supports command functionality) . In some cases, if the reader wireless device 605 identifies the communicated feedback, the reader wireless device 605 may terminate subsequent instances of the first data (e.g., early termination) . In a fourth example, the EH-capable device 610 may fail to successfully decode each of the one or more instance of the first data, and may refrain from communicating feedback based on the failure to decode the first data.
[0132] At 635, the EH-capable device 610 may receive scheduling information from the reader wireless device 610. In some examples, the scheduling information may be for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of a transmission of an ACK (e.g., if the EH-capable device 610 failed to decode the first data at 630) . The EH-capable device 610 may receive the scheduling information at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, where the first duration may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 610. In another example, the scheduling information may be for one or more instances of second data based on a transmission of an ACK (e.g., if the EH-capable device 610 successfully decodes the first data at 630) , where the second data may be different from the first data. For example, the EH-capable device 610 may receive the scheduling information for the second data based on satisfaction of one or more threshold values by an energy storage capability or an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device 610 (e.g., indicating whether the EH-capable device 610 can support multiple process IDs) .
[0133] At 640, the EH-capable device 610 may receive one or more instances of data (e.g., further repetitions of the first data or repetitions of second data) . For example, the EH-capable device 610 may receive the first quantity of instances of the first data, which may be a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data (e.g., if the EH-capable device 610 did not communicate feedback at 630) . In some cases, the EH-capable device 610 may receive the second subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a second set of frequency resources, which may be different from the first set of frequency resources.
[0134] FIG. 7 shows an example of a process flow 700 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 700 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200 as well as the feedback procedures 301-303, 401-403, 501, and 502. For example, the process flow 700 may show an example of a reader wireless device 705 and an EH-capable device 710 communicating feedback according to a feedback procedure that is based on characteristics of the EH-capable device 710, which may be examples of corresponding devices and techniques described with reference to FIGs. 1–5B. Alternative examples of the following may be implemented, where some processes are performed in a different order than described or are not performed. In some cases, processes may include additional features not mentioned below, or further processes may be added.
[0135] At 715, the reader wireless device 705 may transmit scheduling information to the EH-capable device 710. In some examples, the scheduling information may be uplink scheduling information to schedule one or more transmissions from the EH-capable device 710 to the reader wireless device 705. In some cases, the scheduling information may indicate one or more time-frequency resources for communication of one or more instances of first data (e.g., an initially communicated instance of first data and one or more repetitions of the first data) .
[0136] At 720, the reader wireless device 705 may determine a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data. The feedback procedure may be based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 710, which may include a type of the EH-capable device 710, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device 710, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device 710, a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device 710, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the reader wireless device 705 may determine a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device 705 is to communicate feedback (e.g., a granularity of repetitions for feedback reporting) . Additionally, or alternatively, the reader wireless device 705 may transmit a message to the EH-capable device 710 indicative of a second quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device 705 is to communicate the feedback, where the second quantity may be an initial subset of the one or more instances of the first data and may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 710.
[0137] At 725, the reader wireless device 705 may receive one or more instances of the first data from the EH-capable device 710. In some cases, the one or more instances of the first data may be a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data. In some cases, the first subset may include the first quantity of instances or the second quantity of instances.
[0138] At 730, the reader wireless device 705 may communicate feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device 705, to decode the one or more instances of the first data. For example, the reader wireless device 705 may attempt to decode the first subset of the one or more instances of the first data. In a first example, the reader wireless device 705 may transmit an ACK after reception of the first subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on a successful decoding of at least one of the one or more instances of the first data. In a second example, the reader wireless device 705 may refrain from transmission of an ACK after reception of the first subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0139] At 735, the reader wireless device 705 may receive a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data. In some cases, receiving the second subset may be based on an absence of the transmission of the ACK (e.g., if the reader wireless device 705 fails to decode the first subset at 730) . In some cases, the second subset may include the first quantity of the one or more instances.
[0140] At 740, the reader wireless device 705 may transmit scheduling information to the EH-capable device 710. In some cases, the scheduling information may be uplink scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data (e.g., the first subset and the second subset) . In some cases, transmission of the uplink scheduling information may occur at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, where the first duration may be based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device 710.
[0141] FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. The device 805, or one or more components of the device 805 (e.g., the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0142] The receiver 810 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0143] The transmitter 815 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices) . In some examples, the transmitter 815 may be co-located with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0144] The communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0145] In some examples, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0146] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0147] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0148] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more instances of first data. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0149] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficient utilization of resources and reduced power utilization by performing feedback procedures in accordance with characteristics of an EH-capable device.
[0150] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a device 805 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communications manager 920. The device 905, or one or more components of the device 905 (e.g., the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, the communications manager 920) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0151] The receiver 910 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0152] The transmitter 915 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices) . In some examples, the transmitter 915 may be co-located with a receiver 910 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0153] The device 905, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a data reception component 925, a feedback procedure identification component 930, a feedback communication component 935, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0154] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The data reception component 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more instances of first data. The feedback procedure identification component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The feedback communication component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0155] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a communications manager 1020 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820, a communications manager 920, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1020, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may include a data reception component 1025, a feedback procedure identification component 1030, a feedback communication component 1035, a control information reception component 1040, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0156] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The data reception component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more instances of first data. The feedback procedure identification component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The feedback communication component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0157] In some examples, to support communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the feedback communication component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an ACK based on a successful decoding of the first data, where the transmission of the ACK occurs at least a first duration after reception of an instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and where the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0158] In some examples, the control information reception component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving downlink scheduling information for one or more instances of second data based on the transmission of the ACK, where the second data is different from the first data.
[0159] In some examples, the reception of the downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the second data is based on satisfaction of one or more threshold values by an energy storage capability or an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device.
[0160] In some examples, to support communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the feedback communication component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for refraining from transmission of an ACK based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data. In some examples, to support communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the control information reception component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of the transmission of the ACK, where the reception of the scheduling information occurs at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and where the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0161] In some examples, to support determining the feedback procedure, the control information reception component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a message indicative of a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the EH-capable device is to communicate the feedback, where the first quantity is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0162] In some examples, the message includes downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the first data, the downlink scheduling information indicative of a total quantity of the one or more instances and one or more time-frequency resources for communication of the one or more instances of the first data. In some examples, the reception of the one or more instances of the first data is based on the reception of the downlink scheduling information.
[0163] In some examples, the first quantity is less than the total quantity of the one or more instances of the first data.
[0164] In some examples, to support communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the feedback communication component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a report indicative of an ID associated with the EH-capable device based on a successful decoding of the first data.
[0165] In some examples, to support communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the feedback communication component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for performing an operation indicated by the first data based on a successful decoding of the first data, where the performance of the operation is the feedback that is communicated.
[0166] In some examples, to support receiving the one or more instances of the first data, the data reception component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a first set of frequency resources. In some examples, to support receiving the one or more instances of the first data, the data reception component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a second set of frequency resources.
[0167] In some examples, the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device include a type of the EH-capable device, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device, or a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device.
[0168] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of or include components of a device 805, a device 905, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1105 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof) . The device 1105 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1120, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 1110, a transceiver 1115, one or more antennas 1125, at least one memory 1130, code 1135, and at least one processor 1140. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1145) .
[0169] The I / O controller 1110 may manage input and output signals for the device 1105. The I / O controller 1110 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1105. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 1110 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 1140. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1105 via the I / O controller 1110 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1110.
[0170] In some cases, the device 1105 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 1105 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1115 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 1125 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1115 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1115 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1125 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1125. The transceiver 1115, or the transceiver 1115 and one or more antennas 1125, may be an example of a transmitter 815, a transmitter 915, a receiver 810, a receiver 910, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0171] The at least one memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 1130 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 1135. The code 1135 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 1140, cause the device 1105 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1135 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 1140 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1130 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0172] The at least one processor 1140 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1140 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 1140. The at least one processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 1130) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices) . For example, the device 1105 or a component of the device 1105 may include at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 coupled with or to the at least one processor 1140, the at least one processor 1140 and the at least one memory 1130 configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1140 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1130 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1140 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1140) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1130) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1140 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1140 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1105 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 1135 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 1130 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0173] The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more instances of first data. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0174] By including or configuring the communications manager 1120 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1105 may support techniques for more efficient utilization of resources and reduced power utilization by performing feedback procedures in accordance with characteristics of an EH-capable device.
[0175] In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1115, the one or more antennas 1125, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1120 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 1140, the at least one memory 1130, the code 1135, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1135 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 1140 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices as described herein, or the at least one processor 1140 and the at least one memory 1130 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0176] FIG. 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1205 may be an example of aspects of a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter 1215, and a communications manager 1220. The device 1205, or one or more components of the device 1205 (e.g., the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, the communications manager 1220) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0177] The receiver 1210 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1205. In some examples, the receiver 1210 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 1210 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
[0178] The transmitter 1215 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 1205. For example, the transmitter 1215 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . In some examples, the transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1215 and the receiver 1210 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
[0179] The communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0180] In some examples, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0181] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0182] In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both. For example, the communications manager 1220 may receive information from the receiver 1210, send information to the transmitter 1215, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0183] The communications manager 1220 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0184] By including or configuring the communications manager 1220 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1205 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, the communications manager 1220, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficient utilization of resources and reduced power utilization by performing feedback procedures in accordance with characteristics of an EH-capable device.
[0185] FIG. 13 shows a block diagram 1300 of a device 1305 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1305 may be an example of aspects of a device 1205 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1305 may include a receiver 1310, a transmitter 1315, and a communications manager 1320. The device 1305, or one or more components of the device 1305 (e.g., the receiver 1310, the transmitter 1315, the communications manager 1320) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0186] The receiver 1310 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1305. In some examples, the receiver 1310 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 1310 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
[0187] The transmitter 1315 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 1305. For example, the transmitter 1315 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . In some examples, the transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1315 and the receiver 1310 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
[0188] The device 1305, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1320 may include a data reception component 1325, a feedback procedure identification component 1330, a feedback communication component 1335, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 1320 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1220 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 1320, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 1310, the transmitter 1315, or both. For example, the communications manager 1320 may receive information from the receiver 1310, send information to the transmitter 1315, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1310, the transmitter 1315, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0189] The communications manager 1320 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The data reception component 1325 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device. The feedback procedure identification component 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The feedback communication component 1335 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0190] FIG. 14 shows a block diagram 1400 of a communications manager 1420 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1420 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1220, a communications manager 1320, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1420, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1420 may include a data reception component 1425, a feedback procedure identification component 1430, a feedback communication component 1435, a control information transmission component 1440, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) . The communications may include communications within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with a network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with a network entity 105) , or any combination thereof.
[0191] The communications manager 1420 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The data reception component 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device. The feedback procedure identification component 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The feedback communication component 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0192] In some examples, to support communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the control information transmission component 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting uplink scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data, where the transmission of the uplink scheduling information occurs at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and where the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0193] In some examples, to support determining the feedback procedure, the feedback procedure identification component 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device is to communicate the feedback, where the first quantity is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0194] In some examples, to support communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the feedback communication component 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an ACK after reception of a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on a successful decoding of at least one of the one or more instances of the first data, where the first subset includes the first quantity of the one or more instances.
[0195] In some examples, to support communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the feedback communication component 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for refraining from transmission of an ACK after reception of the first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode the one or more instances of the first data. In some examples, to support communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the data reception component 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of the transmission of the acknowledgement, where the second subset includes the first quantity of the one or more instances.
[0196] In some examples, the control information transmission component 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a message indicative of a second quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device is to communicate the feedback, where the second quantity includes an initial subset of the one or more instances of the first data and is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0197] In some examples, the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device include a type of the EH-capable device, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device, or a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device.
[0198] FIG. 15 shows a diagram of a system 1500 including a device 1505 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1505 may be an example of or include components of a device 1205, a device 1305, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1505 may communicate with other network devices or network equipment such as one or more of the network entities 105, UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The communications may include communications over one or more wired interfaces, over one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 1505 may include components that support outputting and obtaining communications, such as a communications manager 1520, a transceiver 1510, one or more antennas 1515, at least one memory 1525, code 1530, and at least one processor 1535. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1540) .
[0199] The transceiver 1510 may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1510 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1510 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1505 may include one or more antennas 1515, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently) . The transceiver 1510 may also include a modem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1515, by a wired transmitter) , to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas 1515, from a wired receiver) , and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver 1510 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1515 that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1515 that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1510 may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or one or more memory components that are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1510, or the transceiver 1510 and the one or more antennas 1515, or the transceiver 1510 and the one or more antennas 1515 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., the at least one processor 1535, the at least one memory 1525, or both) , may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device 1505. In some examples, the transceiver 1510 may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links (e.g., communication link (s) 125, backhaul communication link (s) 120, a midhaul communication link 162, a fronthaul communication link 168) .
[0200] The at least one memory 1525 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. The at least one memory 1525 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 1530. The code 1530 may include instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 1535, cause the device 1505 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1530 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1530 may not be directly executable by a processor of the at least one processor 1535 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1525 may include, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, the at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein (for example, as part of a processing system) .
[0201] The at least one processor 1535 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1535 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 1535. The at least one processor 1535 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., one or more of the at least one memory 1525) to cause the device 1505 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices) . For example, the device 1505 or a component of the device 1505 may include at least one processor 1535 and at least one memory 1525 coupled with one or more of the at least one processor 1535, the at least one processor 1535 and the at least one memory 1525 configured to perform various functions described herein. The at least one processor 1535 may be an example of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code 1530) to perform the functions of the device 1505. The at least one processor 1535 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1505 (such as within one or more of the at least one memory 1525) . In some examples, the at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1535 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1535) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1525) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1535 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1535 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1505 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1525 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0202] In some examples, a bus 1540 may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus 1540 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack) , which may include communications performed within a component of the device 1505, or between different components of the device 1505 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device 1505 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 1520, the transceiver 1510, the at least one memory 1525, the code 1530, and the at least one processor 1535 may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components) .
[0203] In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may manage aspects of communications with a core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links) . For example, the communications manager 1520 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may manage communications with one or more other network devices 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 (e.g., in cooperation with the one or more other network devices) . In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communications network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.
[0204] The communications manager 1520 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device. The communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0205] By including or configuring the communications manager 1520 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1505 may support techniques for more efficient utilization of resources and reduced power utilization by performing feedback procedures in accordance with characteristics of an EH-capable device.
[0206] In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1510, the one or more antennas 1515 (e.g., where applicable) , or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1520 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1520 may be supported by or performed by the transceiver 1510, one or more of the at least one processor 1535, one or more of the at least one memory 1525, the code 1530, or any combination thereof (for example, by a processing system including at least a portion of the at least one processor 1535, the at least one memory 1525, the code 1530, or any combination thereof) . For example, the code 1530 may include instructions executable by one or more of the at least one processor 1535 to cause the device 1505 to perform various aspects of feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices as described herein, or the at least one processor 1535 and the at least one memory 1525 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0207] FIG. 16 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 11. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0208] At 1605, the method may include receiving one or more instances of first data. The operations of 1605 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed by a data reception component 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0209] At 1610, the method may include determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The operations of 1610 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed by a feedback procedure identification component 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0210] At 1615, the method may include communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data. The operations of 1615 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed by a feedback communication component 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0211] FIG. 17 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1700 that supports feedback indication and monitoring for ambient IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 6 and 12 through 15. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0212] At 1705, the method may include receiving one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device. The operations of 1705 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed by a data reception component 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0213] At 1710, the method may include determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, where the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device. The operations of 1710 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed by a feedback procedure identification component 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0214] At 1715, the method may include communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data. The operations of 1715 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed by a feedback communication component 1435 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0215] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0216] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications by an EH-capable device, comprising: receiving one or more instances of first data; determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device; and communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0217] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises: transmitting an ACK based on a successful decoding of the first data, wherein the transmission of the ACK occurs at least a first duration after reception of an instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and wherein the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0218] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, further comprising: receiving downlink scheduling information for one or more instances of second data based on the transmission of the ACK, wherein the second data is different from the first data.
[0219] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, wherein the reception of the downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the second data is based on satisfaction of one or more threshold values by an energy storage capability or an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device.
[0220] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspect 1, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises: refraining from transmission of an ACK based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data; and receiving scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of the transmission of the ACK, wherein the reception of the scheduling information occurs at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and wherein the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0221] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, wherein determining the feedback procedure comprises: receiving a message indicative of a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the EH-capable device is to communicate the feedback, wherein the quantity is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0222] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the message comprises downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the first data, the downlink scheduling information indicative of a total quantity of the one or more instances and one or more time-frequency resources for communication of the one or more instances of the first data, the reception of the one or more instances of the first data is based on the reception of the downlink scheduling information.
[0223] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 7, wherein the first quantity is less than the total quantity of the one or more instances of the first data.
[0224] Aspect 9: The method of aspect 1, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises: transmitting a report indicative of an ID associated with the EH-capable device based on a successful decoding of the first data.
[0225] Aspect 10: The method of aspect 1, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises: performing an operation indicated by the first data based on a successful decoding of the first data, wherein the performance of the operation is the feedback that is communicated.
[0226] Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, wherein receiving the one or more instances of the first data comprises: receiving a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a first set of frequency resources; and receiving a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a second set of frequency resources.
[0227] Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, wherein the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device comprise a type of the EH-capable device, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device, or a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device.
[0228] Aspect 13: A method for wireless communication by a reader wireless device, comprising: receiving one or more instances of first data from an EH-capable device; determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device; and communicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
[0229] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 13, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises: transmitting uplink scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the transmission of the uplink scheduling information occurs at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and wherein the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0230] Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 13 through 14, wherein determining the feedback procedure comprises: determining a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device is to communicate the feedback, wherein the quantity is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0231] Aspect 16: The method of aspect 15, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises: transmitting an ACK after reception of a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on a successful decoding of at least one of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the first subset comprises the first quantity of the one or more instances.
[0232] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 15, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises: refraining from transmission of an ACK after reception of the first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode the one or more instances of the first data; and receiving a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of the transmission of the acknowledgement, wherein the second subset comprises the first quantity of the one or more instances.
[0233] Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 15 through 17, further comprising: transmitting a message indicative of a second quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device is to communicate the feedback, wherein the second quantity comprises an initial subset of the one or more instances of the first data and is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.
[0234] Aspect 19: The method of any of aspects 13 through 18, wherein the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device comprise a type of the EH-capable device, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device, or a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device.
[0235] Aspect 20: An EH-capable device for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the EH-capable device to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 12.
[0236] Aspect 21: An EH-capable device for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 12.
[0237] Aspect 22: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 12.
[0238] Aspect 23: A reader wireless device for wireless communication, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the reader wireless device to perform a method of any of aspects 13 through 19.
[0239] Aspect 24: A reader wireless device for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 13 through 19.
[0240] Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 13 through 19.
[0241] The methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0242] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0243] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0244] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a neural processing unit (NPU) , an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0245] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0246] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0247] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”
[0248] As used herein, the term “or” is an inclusive “or” unless limiting language is used relative to the alternatives listed. For example, reference to “X being based on A or B” shall be construed as including within its scope X being based on A, X being based on B, and X being based on A and B. In this regard, reference to “X being based on A or B” refers to “at least one of A or B” or “one or more of A or B” due to “or” being inclusive. Similarly, reference to “X being based on A, B, or C” shall be construed as including within its scope X being based on A, X being based on B, X being based on C, X being based on A and B, X being based on A and C, X being based on B and C, and X being based on A, B, and C. In this regard, reference to “X being based on A, B, or C” refers to “at least one of A, B, or C” or “one or more of A, B, or C” due to “or” being inclusive. As an example of limiting language, reference to “X being based on only one of A or B” shall be construed as including within its scope X being based on A as well as X being based on B, but not X being based on A and B. Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, or the like. In other words, the phrase “based on A” (where “A” may be information, a condition, a factor, or the like) shall be construed as “based at least on A” unless specifically recited differently. Also, as used herein, the phrase “a set” shall be construed as including the possibility of a set with one member. That is, the phrase “a set” shall be construed in the same manner as “one or more” or “at least one of. ”
[0249] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure) , ascertaining, and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) , and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
[0250] In the figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.
[0251] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “aspect” or “example” used herein means “serving as an aspect, example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other aspects. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0252] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.An energy harvesting (EH) -capable device for wireless communication, comprising:a processing system configured to:receive one or more instances of first data;determine a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device; andcommunicate feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.2.The EH-capable device of claim 1, wherein, to communicate the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the processing system is configured to:transmit an acknowledgment based on a successful decoding of the first data, wherein the transmission of the acknowledgment occurs at least a first duration after reception of an instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and wherein the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.3.The EH-capable device of claim 2, wherein the processing system further is configured to:receive downlink scheduling information for one or more instances of second data based on the transmission of the acknowledgment, wherein the second data is different from the first data.4.The EH-capable device of claim 3, wherein the reception of the downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the second data is based on satisfaction of one or more threshold values by an energy storage capability or an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device.5.The EH-capable device of claim 1, wherein, to communicate the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the processing system is configured to:refrain from transmission of an acknowledgment based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data; andreceive scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of the transmission of the acknowledgment, wherein the reception of the scheduling information occurs at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and wherein the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.6.The EH-capable device of claim 1, wherein, to determine the feedback procedure, the processing system is configured to:receive a message indicative of a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the EH-capable device is to communicate the feedback, wherein the first quantity is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.7.The EH-capable device of claim 6, wherein the message comprises downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the first data, the downlink scheduling information indicative of a total quantity of the one or more instances and one or more time-frequency resources for communication of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the reception of the one or more instances of the first data is based on the reception of the downlink scheduling information.8.The EH-capable device of claim 7, wherein the first quantity is less than the total quantity of the one or more instances of the first data.9.The EH-capable device of claim 1, wherein, to communicate the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the processing system is configured to:transmit a report indicative of an identifier associated with the EH-capable device based on a successful decoding of the first data.10.The EH-capable device of claim 1, wherein, to communicate the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the processing system is configured to:perform an operation indicated by the first data based on a successful decoding of the first data, wherein the performance of the operation is the feedback that is communicated.11.The EH-capable device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the one or more instances of the first data, the processing system is configured to:receive a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a first set of frequency resources; andreceive a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data via a second set of frequency resources.12.The EH-capable device of claim 1, wherein the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device comprise a type of the EH-capable device, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device, or a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device.13.A reader wireless device for wireless communication, comprising:a processing system configured to:receive one or more instances of first data from an energy harvesting (EH) -capable device;determine a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device; andcommunicate feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.14.The reader wireless device of claim 13, wherein, to communicate the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the processing system is configured to:transmit uplink scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the transmission of the uplink scheduling information occurs at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and wherein the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.15.The reader wireless device of claim 13, wherein, to determine the feedback procedure, the processing system is configured to:determine a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device is to communicate the feedback, wherein the first quantity is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.16.The reader wireless device of claim 15, wherein, to communicate the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the processing system is configured to:transmit an acknowledgment after reception of a first subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on a successful decoding of at least one of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the first subset comprises the first quantity of the one or more instances.17.The reader wireless device of claim 15, wherein, to communicate the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure, the processing system is configured to:refrain from transmission of an acknowledgment after reception of the first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data based on a failure to decode the one or more instances of the first data; andreceive a second subset of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of the transmission of the acknowledgement, wherein the second subset comprises the first quantity of the one or more instances.18.The reader wireless device of claim 15, wherein the processing system is further configured to:transmit a message indicative of a second quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the reader wireless device is to communicate the feedback, wherein the second quantity comprises an initial subset of the one or more instances of the first data and is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.19.The reader wireless device of claim 13, wherein the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device comprise a type of the EH-capable device, an energy storage capability of the EH-capable device, an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device, or a signal generation capability of the EH-capable device.20.A method of wireless communication performed by an energy harvesting (EH) -capable device, comprising:receiving one or more instances of first data;determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device; andcommunicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the EH-capable device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.21.The method of claim 20, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises:transmitting an acknowledgment based on a successful decoding of the first data, wherein the transmission of the acknowledgment occurs at least a first duration after reception of an instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and wherein the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.22.The method of claim 21, further comprising:receiving downlink scheduling information for one or more instances of second data based on the transmission of the acknowledgment, wherein the second data is different from the first data.23.The method of claim 22, wherein the reception of the downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the second data is based on satisfaction of one or more threshold values by an energy storage capability or an energy conversion efficiency of the EH-capable device.24.The method of claim 20, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises:refraining from transmission of an acknowledgment based on a failure to decode each of the one or more instances of the first data; andreceiving scheduling information for a retransmission of the one or more instances of the first data based on an absence of the transmission of the acknowledgment, wherein the reception of the scheduling information occurs at least a first duration after a reception of a last instance of the one or more instances of the first data, and wherein the first duration is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.25.The method of claim 20, wherein determining the feedback procedure comprises:receiving a message indicative of a first quantity of the one or more instances of the first data after which the EH-capable device is to communicate the feedback, wherein the first quantity is based on the one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device.26.The method of claim 25, wherein the message comprises downlink scheduling information for the one or more instances of the first data, the downlink scheduling information indicative of a total quantity of the one or more instances and one or more time-frequency resources for communication of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the reception of the one or more instances of the first data is based on the reception of the downlink scheduling information.27.The method of claim 26, wherein the first quantity is less than the total quantity of the one or more instances of the first data.28.The method of claim 20, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises:transmitting a report indicative of an identifier associated with the EH-capable device based on a successful decoding of the first data.29.The method of claim 20, wherein communicating the feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure comprises:performing an operation indicated by the first data based on a successful decoding of the first data, wherein the performance of the operation is the feedback that is communicated.30.A method of wireless communication performed by a reader wireless device, comprising:receiving one or more instances of first data from an energy harvesting (EH) -capable device;determining a feedback procedure for reporting a reception status of the one or more instances of the first data, wherein the feedback procedure is based on one or more characteristics of the EH-capable device; andcommunicating feedback in accordance with the feedback procedure based on an attempt, by the reader wireless device, to decode the one or more instances of the first data.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Wireless energy transfer and feedback
US20240023020A1
Methods and apparatus for waveform design and signaling for energy harvesting
WO2020236665A1
Hybrid automatic repeat request feedback techniques for wireless communications systems
WO2023086704A1
Wake up procedures for energy harvesting user equipment
WO2023159377A1
Energy harvesting duration
WO2023178545A1