Self-moving filling behind support method for gangue based on high porosity filling material

Abstract

A self-moving filling behind support method for gangue based on a high porosity filling material, comprising: arranging slurry spraying rails (4) behind hydraulic supports (2), and arranging a slurry spraying device (16); performing coal cutting on the front working surface, moving the supports, pushing scraper conveyors (8), and then pushing the slurry spraying rails (4), and delivering coal gangue particles behind the first hydraulic support (2); starting to perform slurry spraying, consolidating the coal gangue and the slurry to form a filling body (3), and stopping performing slurry spraying and coal gangue falling when the thickness of the newly formed filling body (3) reaches 0.3 m; and moving the slurry spraying device (16) to the position behind the next hydraulic support (2), starting to perform coal gangue falling at the position, spraying slurry to the coal gangue, and repeating the steps until coal mining on the working surface and the filling operation are completed. The method is simple, safe and efficient, the self-moving slurry spraying behind support operation can be carried out, free back and forth is allowed to spray a rapid binding material during coal gangue falling, and the coal gangue and the rapid binding material jointly form a filling body, thereby achieving efficient filling mining.

Description

A self-moving filling method for high-porosity filling materials of gangue Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-efficiency filling mining, and in particular to a self-moving filling method for gangue high-porosity filling materials. Background Art

[0002] Driven by the "dual carbon" goals, backfill mining technology is playing an increasingly important role in the green and sustainable development of the coal industry. The development of efficient backfill mining technology provides a path for further achieving this goal. This technology involves transporting crushed gangue into the goaf and then spraying it with a fast-setting material. The material rapidly expands and solidifies, forming a highly porous backfill with the gangue, thereby increasing the efficiency of the backfill operation. The design and layout of the shotcrete equipment are crucial for implementing this technology. However, the movement of the current shotcrete machines used in underground coal mines is often cumbersome and has a limited range. Furthermore, when the required shotcrete range is large, multiple shotcrete machines are often deployed to coordinate the spraying, resulting in high coal mining costs. Therefore, to achieve low-cost, efficient, and timely shotcrete spraying, simplify the movement of the shotcrete equipment, and develop a practical shotcrete method, a self-propelled backfill method for high-porosity gangue backfill is urgently needed to effectively address the challenges faced in implementing efficient backfill mining technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-moving filling method for high-porosity gangue filling materials, which can spray at low cost, efficiently and timely and simplify the movement process of the spraying device.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for self-moving filling of high-porosity gangue filling materials, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Lay two rows of fixed shotcrete tracks behind the hydraulic support on the working surface. The shotcrete track 4 is composed of multiple track units.

[0007] S2. A running trolley is arranged on the shotcrete track, a shotcrete device is installed on the running trolley, and the running wheels at the bottom of the running trolley adapted to the shotcrete track are driven by separate motors;

[0008] S3. After the front working face has cut coal, moved the frame and pushed the scraper conveyor, the shotcrete track is moved in the same way as the scraper conveyor, and coal gangue particles are placed behind the first hydraulic support;

[0009] S4. Debug according to the spraying discharge situation and set the spraying pressure parameters of the spraying device;

[0010] S5. While gangue particles are being added to the goaf, a quick-setting material is sprayed by a grouting device, which mixes with the gangue to form a filling body. The gangue and the slurry solidify to form a filling body. When the newly formed filling body reaches a certain thickness, the grouting and gangue dropping are stopped.

[0011] S6. Move the grouting device to the rear of the next hydraulic support, start the gangue dropout at this point, and spray the slurry onto the gangue. Repeat this cycle until the coal mining and backfilling operations at the working face are completed. During this process, the grouting device can be moved to any position on the grouting track to spray slurry, which can be used for additional slurry spraying or other functional needs.

[0012] Preferably, the track unit includes a track base, with a track connection component for connecting to the hydraulic support in the middle of the track base. The upper end of the track base is grooved and embedded with a rack rail. The rack rail is made of elastic plastic and can bend. Adjacent track units are hinged and can achieve horizontal rotation within a minimum of 10 degrees.

[0013] Preferably, in step S3, the hydraulic support controls the movement of the track unit, and synchronously moves the scraper conveyor and the shotcrete track after the coal is cut.

[0014] Preferably, the two shotcrete tracks are connected together by a plurality of parallel connecting bars, and at least a plurality of parallel connecting bars are provided between the two track units arranged side by side.

[0015] Preferably, connecting rings are provided at both ends of the track unit, and two adjacent track units are hingedly connected via the connecting rings.

[0016] Preferably, the running wheels at the bottom of the running trolley are equipped with steering wheel shells for protecting them.

[0017] Preferably, in step S5, the grouting and gangue dropping are stopped when the thickness of the newly formed filling body reaches 0.3 m.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. A flexible and movable shotcrete track is set behind the hydraulic support, and a matching shotcrete device is designed to enable the shotcrete device to move on its own. The reciprocating movement of a single shotcrete device can meet the large-scale shotcrete demand in a timely manner, solving the problem of shotcrete machine layout and transfer.

[0020] 2. The movement of the shotcrete track can be done in the same way as the scraper conveyor, allowing it to move with the advancement of the working face. The movement process is simple and easy to operate. At the same time, the number of shotcrete devices is greatly reduced, reducing coal mining costs and thus improving mine profitability.

[0021] 3. In addition, the shotcrete device and the shotcrete track move through gear meshing, which helps adapt to different working surface slopes and avoids the problems of conventional track slides. The entire device has a simple structure, is safe and efficient, and can meet the functional requirements of efficient backfill mining technology, and has wide practical application in this technical field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a spraying device provided by an embodiment of the present invention moving along a spraying track;

[0024] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a track unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a running trolley provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Explanation of the accompanying numbers: 1-coal seam, 2-hydraulic support, 3-filling body, 4-grouting track, 5-coal mining machine, 6-rapid adhesive material, 7-grouting moving device, 8-scraper conveyor, 10-rack rail, 12-parallel connecting rod, 13-track base, 15-connecting ring, 16-grouting device, 17-steering wheel housing, 18-traveling trolley, 20-moving wheel, 21-track connecting component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a method for self-moving filling of high-porosity gangue filling materials behind a rack belongs to the field of coal mine filling mining technology. The grouting device 16 and the hydraulic support 2 cooperate with each other to complete the filling operation of the rear goaf while mining the coal seam 1 in the front coal seam; the method includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. Lay two rows of fixed shotcrete tracks 4 behind the hydraulic support 2 on the working surface. The shotcrete tracks 4 are made of multiple track units.

[0030] The track unit includes a track base 13, with a track connection component 21 in the middle for connecting to the hydraulic support 2. A groove is formed at the top of the track base 13, into which a rack rail 10 is embedded. The rack rail 10 is made of flexible plastic and can bend. Adjacent track units are hinged and can achieve horizontal rotation within a minimum of 10°.

[0031] The two shotcrete tracks 4 are connected together by a plurality of parallel connecting bars 12 , and at least two parallel connecting bars 12 are provided between the two track units arranged side by side.

[0032] Connecting rings 15 are provided at both ends of the track unit, and two adjacent track units are hingedly connected via the connecting rings 15 .

[0033] S2. A running trolley 18 is provided on the shotcrete track 4. The shotcrete device 16 is installed on the running trolley 18. The running wheels 20 at the bottom of the running trolley 18 and adapted to the shotcrete track 4 are driven by separate motors.

[0034] The running wheel 20 at the bottom of the running trolley 18 is adapted to be equipped with a steering wheel housing 17 for protection. The running trolley 18, the spraying device 16, and the spraying track 4 constitute the spraying mobile device 7.

[0035] The spraying device 16 is made of existing technology and only needs to meet the spraying function and adjust the spraying angle. The filling device disclosed in the Chinese patent application with publication number CN117090629A, a high-efficiency filling device and method for high-porosity gangue materials, can be used;

[0036] S3. After the front working face cuts coal, moves the frame and pushes the scraper conveyor 8, the shotcrete track 4 is moved in the same way as the scraper conveyor 8, and coal gangue particles are placed behind the first hydraulic support 2; the hydraulic support 2 controls the movement of the track unit, and moves the scraper conveyor 8 and the shotcrete track 4 synchronously after the coal is cut.

[0037] S4. Debugging according to the spraying discharge situation and setting the spraying pressure parameters of the spraying device 16;

[0038] S5. While gangue particles are being added to the goaf, a rapid-setting material is sprayed by the grouting device 16 and mixed with the gangue to form a filling body. The gangue and the slurry solidify to form a filling body 3. When the newly formed filling body 3 reaches a thickness of 0.3 m, the grouting and gangue dropping are stopped. The rapid-setting material is the rapid-setting material disclosed in the method for preparing a high-porosity filling material with rapid and efficient cementation of gangue (publication number CN117263581A).

[0039] The performance characteristics of fast-setting materials are high bonding strength, fast curing speed, and high consolidation strength, that is, the setting time is less than 0.5h.

[0040] S6. Move the grouting device 16 to the rear of the next hydraulic support 2, start the gangue drop at this point, and spray the slurry on the gangue. Repeat this cycle until the coal mining and backfilling operations on the working face are completed. During this process, the grouting device 16 can be moved to any position on the grouting track 4 to spray grout, which can be used for additional slurry spraying or other functional needs.

[0041] This method is simple in design, safe and efficient, and can perform self-moving grouting operations behind the frame. It can spray fast-setting materials back and forth freely while the gangue is falling. The gangue and the fast-setting materials together form a filling body, realizing efficient filling mining.

[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for self-moving filling of high-porosity gangue filling materials, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Laying two rows of fixed shotcrete tracks (4) behind the hydraulic support (2) on the working surface, wherein the shotcrete tracks (4) are formed by splicing multiple track units; S2. A running trolley (18) is arranged on the spraying track (4), a spraying device (16) is installed on the running trolley (18), and running wheels (20) at the bottom of the running trolley (18) adapted to the spraying track (4) are driven by separate motors; S3, after the front working face has cut coal, moved the frame and pushed the scraper conveyor (8), the shotcrete track (4) is moved in the same manner as the scraper conveyor (8), and coal gangue particles are placed behind the first hydraulic support (2); S4, debugging according to the spraying discharge situation, setting the spraying pressure parameters of the spraying device (16); S5. While gangue particles are being added to the goaf, a quick-setting material is sprayed by a grouting device (16) to mix with the gangue to form a filling body. The gangue and the slurry are solidified to form a filling body (3). When the newly formed filling body (3) reaches a certain thickness, the grouting and gangue dropping are stopped. S6. Move the grouting device (16) to the rear of the next hydraulic support (2), start the gangue dropping at this location and spray the slurry on the gangue, and repeat this cycle until the coal mining and filling operations at the working face are completed.

2. The method for self-moving filling of high-porosity gangue filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track unit comprises a track base (13), a track connection component (21) for connecting a hydraulic support (2) is provided in the middle of the track base (13), a groove is provided at the upper end of the track base (13) and a rack rail (10) is embedded therein, two adjacent track units are hinged and can realize horizontal steering within a minimum of 10 degrees, and the rack rail (10) is made of elastic plastic and can be bent.

3. The method for self-moving filling of high-porosity gangue filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the hydraulic support (2) controls the movement of the track unit, and synchronously moves the scraper conveyor (8) and the shotcrete track (4) after the coal is cut.

4. The method for self-moving filling of high-porosity gangue filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two spraying tracks (4) are connected together via a plurality of parallel connecting bars (12), and at least (2) parallel connecting bars (12) are provided between the two track units arranged side by side.

5. The method for self-moving filling of high-porosity gangue filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting rings (15) are provided at both ends of the track unit, and two adjacent track units are hinged via the connecting rings (15).

6. The method for self-moving filling of high-porosity gangue filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The running wheel (20) at the bottom of the running trolley (18) is adapted with a steering wheel housing (17) for protecting the running trolley (18).

7. The method for self-moving filling of high-porosity gangue filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, when the thickness of the newly formed filling body (3) reaches 0.3 m, the grouting and gangue dropping are stopped.

Images