Electrical resonator

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical resonator (1) comprising a plurality of stacked conductors (21, 22). The conductors (21, 22) are arranged in at least two windings. A dielectric (23) is arranged between an nth conductor layer of the stacked conductors (21, 22) and an (n+1)th conductor layer of the stacked conductors (21, 22). The resonator is designed such that, during operation, at at least one point of the resonator (1), a shortest electrical connection path from the nth conductor layer to the (n+1)th conductor layer includes more than one winding of the conductors (21, 22), wherein a portion of the electrical connection path located within the resonator (1) extends exclusively along conductive structures.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] ELECTRIC RESONATOR

[0003] The invention relates to electrical resonators, in particular so-called distributed electrical resonators.

[0004] Distributed electrical resonators are, in particular, circuit elements in which the properties of individual electrical components, such as inductances, capacitances, and resistances, are continuously distributed. This means that distributed resonators, in particular, do not have any discrete inductance, capacitance, or discrete resistance. Rather, a distributed resonator as a whole has a specific capacitance, inductance, and / or resistance. Consequently, a distributed electrical resonator can replace several discrete electrical components in a circuit arrangement and be used, for example, as a resonant circuit element, such as an LC parallel or LC series resonant element. Such distributed resonators are also known as "distributed resonators."

[0005] Distributed resonators can be used, for example, in the field of high-frequency circuit technology. Examples of such distributed resonators are Lecher lines or helical resonators. Another example of a distributed resonator, which is used particularly in the high-frequency range, is the so-called Swiss roll, in which a conductive foil is wound in layers, alternating with a dielectric or insulating material, to form a cylindrical body. The winding of the conductive foil results in an inductive coupling between the individual layers of the conductive foil. Furthermore, a capacitance per unit area is created due to the dielectric between the conductive layers, insulating the layers from one another.

[0006] Another application for distributed resonators is inductive energy transfer, such as inductive charging. This often requires low resonant frequencies, which typically require relatively large resonators. Furthermore, distributed resonators can be used in transformers for resonant converters, such as LLC converters. Distributed resonators can also be used in various other applications that require resonant circuits. These include signal filters and power electronics applications.

[0007] One problem to be solved is to provide an improved electrical resonator. In particular, the improved electrical resonator should enable the lowest possible resonance frequency in relation to its size and power class. This means that the improved electrical resonator preferably has a low resonance frequency with a compact size.

[0008] This object is achieved by an object having the features of independent claim 1.

[0009] Advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject of the dependent patent claims.

[0010] An electrical resonator is proposed comprising a plurality of stacked conductors. The conductors are arranged in at least two turns. A dielectric is arranged between an nth conductor layer of the stacked conductors and an n+lth conductor layer of the stacked conductors.

[0011] The resonator can have two or more turns in which the conductors are arranged. For example, the conductors are wound or wound around a winding axis or winding axis. For example, the resonator comprises exactly one winding axis. Alternatively, it is possible for the resonator to have several winding axes. For example, each turn is assigned exactly one winding axis and vice versa. It is also possible for a first part of the turns to be distributed around a first winding axis and a second part of the turns to be distributed over a second winding axis. If the resonator comprises five turns, for example, it is possible for three turns to be wound around a first winding axis and two turns to be wound around a second winding axis.

[0012] For example, the conductor layers refer to layers of stacked and wound conductors. Here, n is a natural number that is smaller than the maximum number of conductor layers.

[0013] For example, two conductors are stacked on top of each other and arranged in two turns around a common winding axis. In this case, for example, four conductor layers result. For example, a first of the two conductors forms a first conductor layer, and a second conductor following in the stacking direction forms a second conductor layer. Because of the turns, the second conductor is followed by a first conductor, which forms, for example, a third conductor layer. This first conductor is then followed in the third conductor layer by a second conductor, which forms a fourth conductor layer. In this example, the maximum number of conductor layers is four. Therefore, n is a natural number greater than 1 and less than 4.

[0014] For example, in an unwound state, the conductors of each of the conductor layers are of equal size or congruent when viewed from a top view of a main extension plane of the conductors. In particular, the dielectric is also congruent with the conductors. Preferably, the conductors are applied flatly and / or more preferably flatly to one another and / or to the dielectric.

[0015] The resonator is designed such that, during operation, at least one point on the dielectric has a shortest electrical connection path from the nth conductor layer bordering the dielectric to the n+lth conductor layer bordering the dielectric including more than one turn of the conductor. A section of the electrical connection path located within the resonator runs exclusively along electrically conductive structures. This means, in particular, that the electrical connection path located within the resonator is free of capacitive or inductive transitions, but preferably only contains galvanic conductors. The point can be almost any point along the turns of the resonator.

[0016] The conductors are, for example, each formed with a metal or a metal alloy. For example, the conductors each comprise one of the following metals: aluminum, copper, gold, silver. Alternatively or additionally, the conductors can each comprise superconducting materials, doped or undoped semiconductor materials, electrically conductive plastics and / or carbon. Alternatively or additionally, each of the conductors comprises or consists of an electrically conductive foil. For example, the electrically conductive foil is aluminum foil. Alternatively, the electrically conductive foil can comprise another electrically conductive material such as a metal or an electrically conductive ceramic or an electrically conductive plastic.

[0017] For example, the thickness of the conductors is between 10 pm and 100 pm.

[0018] Alternatively or additionally, it is possible for at least one or some of the conductors to have a greater thickness, for example, between 1 mm and 1 cm. In this case, the corresponding conductors are preferably formed as sheets, for example, as aluminum sheet or copper sheet.

[0019] The dielectric may comprise a varnish or a plastic. Alternatively or additionally, the dielectric may contain a gas or a gas mixture. For example, the dielectric may comprise a foam containing, for example, a plastic in which the gas or gas mixture is enclosed. The gas mixture is, for example, air.

[0020] Furthermore, the dielectric may comprise a glass or a ceramic material or an insulating surface layer on at least one of the conductors, such as an anodized layer on a conductor comprising aluminum.

[0021] Preferably, the dielectric has low dielectric

[0022] Losses and / or a high permittivity. During normal operation, for example, at least one electrical potential is applied to the conductors. For example, a first electrical potential is applied to a first of the conductors. A second electrical potential, for example, is applied to a second of the conductors. The first electrical potential is applied in particular to a first contact point of the first conductor. The second electrical potential can be applied to a second contact point of the second conductor. The first electrical potential and the second electrical potential are each, in particular, variable over time and can each have a frequency.

[0023] For example, during operation an electrical circuit is arranged between the first contact point and the second contact point. The electrical circuit can be part of the application of the resonator. If almost any point on the resonator, in particular the dielectric, is considered, the electrical connection path is given by a current path which leads from the nth conductor layer adjacent to the point under consideration to the n+lth conductor layer adjacent to the point under consideration via the electrical circuit. In particular the electrical connection path is formed by a path which extends from the point to the first contact point along the first conductor, through the electrical circuit to the second contact point and from the second contact point along the second conductor to the point under consideration.In the resonator, the connection path preferably runs exclusively along the first and second conductors and along the first and second contact points. The electrical connection path in particular comprises a large number of turns of the resonator, since the portion of the electrical connection path from the point in question to the first contact point has a first part of the turns via the first conductor and the portion of the electrical connection path from the second contact point to the point includes a second part of the turns via the second conductor. This advantageously results in a particularly high inductance per unit length for the resonator during operation, since the turns along the connection path are inductively coupled and the connection path in the resonator described here advantageously comprises a particularly large number of turns, in particular in the case of two conductors half of all turns of the resonator.In a similar way, the resonator's capacitance per unit length is particularly high during operation. The number of turns is determined in particular by the total number of conductor layers wound or wound around the corresponding winding axis.

[0024] Another advantage is that a relatively high layer voltage results between the conductor layers due to resonance enhancement. In particular, the layer voltage is significantly higher than in the so-called Swiss roll, in which only a conductor foil is wound up layer by layer. One of the reasons for this is that, in addition to a voltage difference between adjacent conductor layers or conductors, there is an inductive coupling between the conductor layers. Such inductive coupling cannot occur to this extent when winding a single conductor, which is why a resonator designed as a so-called Swiss roll has a significantly low layer voltage. Spatially distributed partial currents in the resonator described here advantageously flow in the same direction in all conductor layers or conductors.This enhances their effect both in terms of self-induction, i.e., the inductive coupling of the conductors to each other, and in terms of magnetic field generation. The magnetic field generation preferably occurs inside the windings. Sufficient magnetic field generation is particularly crucial for inductive energy transfer applications.

[0025] The resonator's self-induction, among other things, results in its relatively high inductance per unit length. The dielectric preferably has a high electrical permittivity, which allows the capacitance per unit length of the resonator to be further increased. The high inductance per unit length and the high capacitance per unit length ultimately advantageously result in a compact resonator, compared to the wavelength in a vacuum corresponding to its resonance frequency.

[0026] For example, a resonance frequency between approximately 1 MHz and approximately 10 MHz can be achieved. Such resonators, for example, have a quality factor of approximately 100 or higher. Such resonators, for example, have between two and ten or more windings. High-frequency effective power for such resonators can be, for example, between 1 W and 10 W, but also higher.

[0027] Furthermore, a further electrical resonator comprising an electrical conductor assembly is proposed. The conductor assembly has a stacking direction in which a first conductor, the dielectric, a second conductor, and the dielectric are arranged one after the other. In the further electrical resonator, several turns of the conductor assembly are arranged around a winding axis.

[0028] For example, the first conductor, the second conductor, and preferably the dielectric, in particular in the unwound state, each have a width that corresponds to a width of the conductor assembly. In particular, in a plan view of the conductor assembly, for example, of a main surface of the conductor assembly in the unwound state, the first conductor, the second conductor, and preferably the dielectric are congruent.

[0029] Preferably, each of the conductors in the conductor assembly is adjacent to the dielectric arranged between the conductors in a planar manner. The conductor assembly is, in particular, a layered structure in which each conductor is followed by a layer of dielectric, wherein the layers of the layered structure are preferably connected to one another in a planar manner. Further preferably, the layers, i.e., the conductors and the dielectric disposed therebetween, are congruent, particularly when viewed in the unwound state, and have substantially the same length and / or width.

[0030] The further resonator may be an embodiment of the resonator described here. This means that all features disclosed for the electrical resonator described here are also disclosed for the further electrical resonator, and vice versa.

[0031] In particular, due to the winding of the conductors, similar or the same effects occur in the additional resonator as in the resonator described here. Features, advantages, and technical effects disclosed particularly in connection with the resonator with regard to the electrical connection path can therefore also be disclosed for the additional resonator with a corresponding design and operation.

[0032] The stacking direction of the wound conductor assembly can be perpendicular to the winding axis. In this case, the conductor assembly forms a first cylindrical body. In other words, the resonator or the further resonator comprises a first cylindrical body which is formed with the wound conductor assembly and in which the winding axis is perpendicular to the stacking direction. The winding axis is preferably an axis of symmetry of the first cylindrical body. In particular, the stacking direction is parallel to radial directions of the first cylindrical body. Radial directions here and below refer in particular to directions which emanate radially from the winding axis. A lateral surface of the first cylindrical body is formed, for example, by the first conductor or the insulator.If, during normal operation, a first electrical potential is applied to the first conductor and a second electrical potential to the second conductor, one direction of the resulting electrical field in the conductor assembly between the first conductor and the second conductor is perpendicular to the winding axis and preferably parallel to a radial direction.

[0033] In this case, the conductive assembly can have a width that essentially corresponds to the height of the cylinder body, measured along the winding axis. For example, each of the conductors also has a width that corresponds to the height of the cylinder body.

[0034] Alternatively, it is possible for the stacking direction of the wound conductor assembly to be parallel to the winding axis. In this case, the conductor assembly forms a second cylindrical body. In other words, the resonator or the further resonator comprises a second cylindrical body which is formed with the wound conductor assembly and in which the winding axis is parallel to the stacking direction. The winding axis is preferably an axis of symmetry of the second cylindrical body. In particular, the conductor assembly is wound spirally around the winding axis. Such a winding can also be referred to as an axial winding. A lateral surface of the second cylindrical body forms, for example, a sequence of the conductor layers or of the conductors and the dielectric.If, during normal operation, a first electrical potential is applied to the first conductor and a second electrical potential to the second conductor, one direction of the resulting electrical field in the conductor assembly between the first conductor and the second conductor is parallel to the winding direction.

[0035] The first and second cylinder bodies are preferably each hollow cylinders and have an inner diameter and an inner radius, an outer diameter and an outer radius, and a length. The inner diameter and inner radius, as well as the outer diameter and outer radius, are measured in particular along a radial direction. A wall thickness of the respective cylinder body results from a difference between the outer radius and the inner radius of the corresponding hollow cylinder. The length of the respective cylinder body is in particular the extension of the corresponding cylinder body parallel to the winding axis.

[0036] The outer diameter of a resonator or further resonator or a cylindrical body described here can, for example, be approximately 1 cm to approximately 10 cm. The length of the resonator or further resonator can be approximately 1 cm to approximately 10 cm.

[0037] It is also possible for the outer diameter and / or length of the resonator or the additional resonator to be at least 10 cm, or at least 20 cm, or at least 30 cm. Alternatively or additionally, the outer diameter and / or length of the resonator or the additional resonator may be at most 50 cm, or at most 80 cm, or at most 100 cm.

[0038] A ratio of the outer diameter of the first or second cylinder body to the inner diameter may be 2:1 or 3:1 or 3:2. It is also possible that the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter may be 10:9 or less.

[0039] A ratio of the length of the first and second cylinder body to the outer diameter may be, for example, about 1:5 or, for example, about 10:1 or higher.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the first conductor and the second conductor are connected by means of a connecting conductor. For example, the connecting conductor is connected to the first conductor at a first connection point and to the second conductor at a second connection point. In this case, the first conductor and the second conductor can also be regarded as a common conductor, particularly since they are connected to one another.

[0041] Preferably, the first conductor is electrically connected to a first electrical contact point of the resonator or the further resonator. Further preferably, the second conductor is electrically connected to a second electrical contact point of the resonator or the further resonator.

[0042] The first and second contact points preferably each comprise a metal or a metal alloy and can preferably comprise the same materials as the first and / or second conductor.

[0043] During normal operation, the resonator can be electrically contacted via the first / second electrical contact point. For example, an electrical potential can be applied to each of the first and second electrical contact points, whereby the electrical potentials can be different from one another and can vary over time. In particular, the resonator or the additional resonator can be connected to an electrical circuit or the like via the electrical contact points.

[0044] In normal operation, the resonator can be used as a distributed resonator, which represents a resonant circuit. If, during operation, a first electrical potential is applied to the first contact point and a second electrical potential to the second contact point, the resonator or the further resonator can, with regard to its terminal behavior between these contact points, exhibit the properties of a series resonant circuit, a

[0045] Series resonance element or a series LC

[0046] element. In a distributed resonator known as a "Swiss-roll" such a series resonance is not possible.

[0047] In the case that the first conductor is connected to the second conductor by means of the connecting conductor, the distributed resonator can act like a parallel resonant circuit, a parallel resonant element or a parallel LC element and have corresponding properties with regard to its clamping behavior between the contact points.

[0048] This means that, depending on the external electrical contact and the electrical connection between the conductors, the resonator described here or the additional resonator described here can be used both as a series resonance element and as a parallel resonance element. This makes the present resonator or the additional resonator flexible and usable in many applications without requiring major structural modifications.

[0049] It is possible that the first electrical contact point is manufactured in one piece with the first conductor and / or the second electrical contact point is manufactured in one piece with the second conductor. This means in particular that the first / second conductor and the first / second contact point can comprise the same material and can be manufactured together in a common manufacturing step. This can facilitate the manufacture of the resonators, particularly in the case of compact or small resonators. Alternatively, it is possible that the first electrical

[0050] Contact point is connected to the first conductor by means of a connecting structure and / or the second electrical contact point is connected to the second conductor by means of a connecting structure. In this case, during the manufacture of the resonator or the further resonator, the contact points are attached subsequently, for example, that is to say in particular during or after the conductors are or have been wound. The contact points can be attached, for example, by welding, soldering or electrically conductive gluing. If the contact points are attached by welding, the connecting structure is preferably a weld seam. If the contact points are attached by gluing, the connecting structure is, for example, an electrically conductive adhesive layer. Alternatively, if the contact points are soldered on, the connecting structure is, for example, a solder.

[0051] Preferably, the first conductor has the first electrical contact point at a first end face of the first conductor. Likewise, the second conductor preferably has the second electrical contact point at a second end face of the second conductor.

[0052] The first end face of the first conductor and the second end face of the second conductor are preferably partial faces of a first end face of the conductor assembly and a second end face of the conductor assembly, respectively. A normal of the first / second end face of the conductor assembly is aligned perpendicular to the stacking direction. The first / second end face of the conductor assembly is in particular a freely accessible face of the conductor assembly in a first / second end region. The first end region of the conductor assembly forms, for example, a first end of a winding of the conductor assembly. The second end region of the conductor assembly forms, for example, a second end of the winding of the conductor assembly.

[0053] In the case that the conductor assembly is a first cylindrical body, the normal of the first / second end surface of the conductor assembly and / or of the first / second conductor is in particular perpendicular to the stacking direction and to the winding axis.

[0054] In the case that the conductor assembly is a second cylindrical body, the normal of the first / second end surface of the conductor assembly and / or of the first / second conductor is in particular perpendicular to the stacking direction and to a radial direction of the second cylindrical body.

[0055] The first / second end face of the first / second conductor is the partial area of ​​the first / second end face of the conductor assembly that is attributable to the first / second conductor. For example, the first / second end face of the conductor assembly, viewed from above, has a partial area each attributable to the first conductor, the second conductor, and the dielectric.

[0056] In particular, the resonator or the further resonator has the first electrical contact point on the first end face of the first conductor or on the first end face of the conductor assembly, which is electrically conductively connected to the first conductor. Likewise, the resonator or the further resonator preferably has the second electrical contact point on the second end face of the second conductor or on the second end face of the conductor assembly, which is electrically conductively connected to the second conductor.

[0057] Alternatively, it is possible that, viewed along the windings, the distance between the first contact point and the second contact point is less than the length of the first or second conductor. In other words, the first contact point and / or the second contact point are not arranged on the associated end face, but rather between the end faces.

[0058] A length of a conductor is here and in the following in particular a geometric extension, preferably the largest geometric extension of the corresponding conductor in the unwound state, i.e. without windings.

[0059] When considering the distance between the contact points along the windings, this specifically means that the distance is determined along a contour of the conductor assembly. This means that the distance from the first contact point to the second contact point is determined along the contour of the conductor assembly. A distance along the windings can also be referred to here and below as the distance in the winding direction.

[0060] By varying the spacing of the contact points, the electrical connection path can be varied during operation from an nth conductor layer to an n+lth conductor layer, viewed from a specific point on the resonator or the further resonator. This allows the number of turns included in the electrical connection path to be adjusted, which in turn allows the capacitance per unit length and, in particular, the inductance per unit length of the resonator to be adjusted. One result of such an adjustment is that the resonance frequency can be influenced and adjusted.

[0061] In particular, the spacing of the contact points can be varied during production. For example, by varying the spacing of the contact points, adjustments to the resonant frequency of the resonator can be made without having to make major structural changes during production. In particular, by varying the spacing of the contact points, an inductive component of the resonator can be changed. At the same time, a manufacturing tolerance for the resonator or the additional resonator can be reduced.

[0062] Preferably, the first conductor is electrically connected to a third contact point, and / or the second conductor is electrically connected to a fourth contact point. In particular, the first contact point is arranged opposite the third contact point. The second contact point is preferably arranged opposite the fourth contact point. By "arranged opposite" is meant that the first / second contact point and the third / fourth contact point are arranged on opposite sides of the first / second conductor.

[0063] If, for example, the resonator or the further resonator is a first cylindrical body, the first contact point is arranged, for example, on a top surface of the first cylindrical body, in particular on a part of the top surface which comprises the first conductor. Correspondingly, the third contact point is arranged on a bottom surface of the first cylindrical body opposite the top surface, in particular on a part of the bottom surface which comprises the first conductor. Analogously, the second contact point is arranged, for example, on the top surface of the first cylindrical body, in particular on a part of the top surface which comprises the second conductor. Correspondingly, the fourth contact point is arranged on the bottom surface of the first cylindrical body, in particular on a part of the bottom surface which comprises the second conductor. The outer surface of the cylindrical body connects, in particular, the top surface and the bottom surface.The first and third contact points are preferably arranged on an outer surface of the first cylinder body, which is designed as a hollow cylinder. Furthermore, the second and fourth contact points are preferably arranged on an inner surface of the cylinder body.

[0064] If, for example, the resonator or the further resonator is a second cylindrical body, the first contact point is arranged, for example, on a cover surface of the second cylindrical body, in particular on a part of the cover surface which comprises the first conductor. Correspondingly, the third contact point is also arranged in a region of the cover surface, in particular in a region which comprises the first conductor. Analogously, the second contact point is arranged, for example, in the region of a bottom surface of the second cylindrical body opposite the cover surface, in particular in a region of the bottom surface which comprises the second conductor. Correspondingly, the fourth contact point is arranged on the bottom surface of the second cylindrical body, in particular on a part of the bottom surface which comprises the second conductor.

[0065] In particular, the first point of contact is at a first

[0066] Edge of the first end face of the first conductor, and the third contact point is arranged on a second edge of the first end face of the first conductor opposite the first edge. The second contact point is preferably arranged on a first edge of the second end face of the second conductor, and the fourth contact point is arranged on a second edge of the second end face of the second conductor opposite the first edge.

[0067] If the resonator comprises a first cylindrical body, this means in particular that the first and second contact points are arranged on a top surface of the first cylindrical body and the third and fourth contact points are arranged on a bottom surface of the first cylindrical body opposite the top surface. The outer surface of the cylindrical body connects in particular the top surface and the bottom surface. In this case, the first and third contact points are preferably arranged on an outer surface of the first cylindrical body designed as a hollow cylinder. Furthermore, the second and fourth contact points are preferably arranged on an inner surface of the cylindrical body.

[0068] If the resonator alternatively comprises a second cylindrical body, the first and third contact points are preferably arranged on a top surface of the second cylindrical body, and the second and fourth contact points are arranged on a bottom surface of the second cylindrical body opposite the top surface. The first and second contact points are preferably arranged on an outer circumferential surface of the second cylindrical body designed as a hollow cylinder. Furthermore, the third and fourth contact points are preferably arranged on an inner circumferential surface of the second cylindrical body. In a further embodiment, the resonator or the further resonator comprises an additional conductor with a contact structure for electrical contacting. The additional conductor is preferably in contact with the conductor assembly.This means, in particular, that only an insulator such as the dielectric can be arranged between the additional conductor and the conductor assembly, or that the additional conductor and the conductor assembly can be in direct contact with each other. A main extension direction of the additional conductor is preferably parallel to the winding axis.

[0069] If, for example, the conductor assembly is wound into a first cylindrical body which is designed as a hollow cylinder, the additional conductor can be arranged on an inner surface of the cylindrical body. The additional conductor is preferably a foil and extends along the entire length of the resonator or of the further resonator along the inner surface. A capacitance per unit length of the resonator or of the further resonator can be influenced via the additional conductor. A resonance frequency of the resonator or of the further resonator can thus be set or adjusted. Furthermore, tolerances of the resonator can be compensated or reduced via the additional conductor. Furthermore, the additional conductor can be variably switched on during operation via the contact structure. The additional conductor can therefore advantageously supply a capacitance per unit length for the resonator that can be switched on or off.

[0070] During normal operation, it is also possible for the additional conductor to be electrically connected to the first contact point or the second contact point via the contact structure. If the contact structure is electrically connected to the first or second contact point, the resonator or the additional resonator, as a distributed resonator, can also serve as a circuit element for higher-order resonant circuits.

[0071] A higher-order resonant circuit comprises, for example, several capacitive elements and / or several inductive elements. For example, an LCC element is a higher-order resonant circuit element. If the resonator is electrically contacted as described above, i.e., the contact structure is connected to the first or second contact point, the resonator acts as a resonant circuit element with series resonance. This means that, based on the terminal behavior between the first and second contact points, the resonator can be considered a series resonance element.

[0072] If the first contact point is connected to the second contact point in an electrically conductive manner, this advantageously results in a corresponding higher-order resonance circuit with parallel resonance, viewed in terms of the terminal behavior between the first or second contact point on the one hand and the contact structure on the other.

[0073] It is possible for the first and / or second conductor to be coated with a dielectric or insulating coating, and for the dielectric to be at least partially formed by this coating. For example, the first and / or second conductor is an anodized foil, in particular an anodized aluminum foil. The dielectric coating can be a lacquer, ceramic, or anodized layer, or the like. In particular, the dielectric coating comprises an inorganic and relatively resistant, low-aging, and low-drift dielectric.

[0074] In particular, the dielectric can comprise a dielectric foam. Dielectric foam refers, for example, to a heterogeneous material containing air or gas inclusions. This allows air to be enclosed between the conductor layers or conductors as a relatively low-loss dielectric. In particular, air as a dielectric has relatively low dielectric loss factors over wide frequency ranges, especially compared to other dielectrics, which, for example, exhibit increased losses at certain frequencies. This makes air particularly well-suited as a dielectric for applications in the high-frequency range.

[0075] Furthermore, it is possible for at least one of the first and second conductors and / or the dielectric between the first and second conductors or between adjacent conductor layers to have a structured surface. For example, the first conductor, the second conductor, and / or the dielectric have a wave structure, a pyramid structure, a nub structure, or the like. A structured surface, in turn, allows air pockets to be generated between the conductor layers or the conductors.

[0076] In particular, a plurality of air inclusions may be present between adjacent conductor layers or conductors. In particular, the first conductor and the second conductor may have different thicknesses. It is also possible for the first conductor and the second conductor to have different surface properties. For example, the first conductor may be coated with a dielectric coating or have a surface structure, and the second conductor may be free of a coating or surface structure, or vice versa.

[0077] The first conductor and the second conductor can have different lengths. It is possible for the first conductor and the second conductor to have different numbers of turns. For example, the first or second conductor can protrude beyond the first or second end face of the conductor assembly. Alternatively or additionally, the first or second conductor can be retracted with respect to the first or second end face of the conductor assembly. By varying the length of the first or second conductor, the electrical connection path can be influenced during intended use.

[0078] In particular, the conductor lengths are varied during resonator manufacture. This allows the resonance frequency to be adjusted and manufacturing tolerances to be reduced. Varying the conductor length can, in particular, influence a capacitive component of the resonator.

[0079] It is also possible for the resonator or further resonator to comprise a ferromagnetic core in the sphere of influence of a magnetic field generated by the resonator during operation. The winding axis preferably runs parallel to or at least partially through the ferromagnetic core. A magnetic field generated inside the resonator can be amplified by the ferromagnetic core. In particular, if the resonator is to be used for inductive energy transmission, such an amplified magnetic field is advantageous in order to increase inductive coupling. The ferromagnetic core preferably comprises a ferromagnetic material such as iron, iron alloys, or a ferrite material.

[0080] The conductor assembly may comprise at least a third conductor. At least part of the dielectric is preferably arranged between the third conductor and the first conductor, and between the third conductor and the second conductor. The third conductor may be electrically conductively connected, in particular galvanically, to the first or second conductor. For example, the third conductor is electrically conductively connected to the first or second conductor at a connection region. In particular, the third conductor is electrically insulated from the first and second conductors in all regions outside the connection region.

[0081] In particular, the connection area lies outside the first or second or third or fourth contact point. Preferably, the third conductor is free of the first, second, third, and fourth contact points.

[0082] It is further possible for the conductor assembly to comprise at least a fourth conductor, wherein the fourth conductor is galvanically insulated from the first and second conductors. If the conductor assembly includes the third conductor, the fourth conductor is also galvanically insulated from the third conductor. In particular, the fourth conductor is insulated from the first, second, third, and fourth contact points.

[0083] For example, the third and / or fourth conductor extends / extend at most over a portion of the windings of the conductor assembly. This means that the third and / or fourth conductor can be designed such that they do not extend / extend over the entire length of the first and / or second conductor in the winding direction. In other words, the third and / or fourth conductor can be arranged only in sections between the first and second conductors.

[0084] It is possible for the spacing of adjacent conductor layers or conductors to vary along the windings in the stacking direction. For example, the thickness of the dielectric between adjacent conductor layers can vary along the windings or in the winding direction.

[0085] Further advantages and advantageous embodiments and further developments of the resonator and of the further resonator emerge from the exemplary embodiments presented below in conjunction with schematic drawings. Identical, similar, and similarly acting elements are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures. The figures and the relative sizes of the elements shown in the figures are not generally to scale. Rather, individual elements may be shown exaggeratedly large for clarity and / or better understanding.

[0086] Figures 1 to 3 show a resonator described here according to a first embodiment in various schematic views,

[0087] Figures 4 to 12 each show a resonator described here according to an embodiment in plan view,

[0088] Figure 13 is a schematic plan view of a first end face of a conductor assembly of a resonator described here according to an embodiment,

[0089] Figures 14 to 16 are schematic detailed views of a section of a conductor assembly for a resonator described here according to several embodiments,

[0090] Figure 17 is a schematic view of a first contact point of a first conductor of a resonator described here according to an embodiment,

[0091] Figures 18 to 20 show a resonator described here according to an embodiment in various schematic views.

[0092] Figure 1 shows a plan view of a resonator 1 according to a first exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the resonator 1 according to the first exemplary embodiment. Figure 3 shows a side view of the resonator 1 according to the first exemplary embodiment. The resonator 1 comprises a conductor assembly 2 made up of a first conductor 21 and a second conductor 22 as well as a dielectric 23. The dielectric 23 is arranged such that the first conductor 21 is electrically insulated from the second conductor 22. The first conductor 21, the second conductor 22 and the dielectric 23 are subsequently applied one above the other in a stacking direction 20.

[0093] The stacking direction 20 is perpendicular to a winding axis 3. The conductor assembly 2 is wound around the winding axis 3 in one or more turns. In the first exemplary embodiment, the conductor assembly 2 is wound into a first cylindrical body, in which the first conductor 21 forms an outer surface. The first cylindrical body is a hollow cylinder. An inner surface is formed by the dielectric 23. The stacking direction 20 is in particular parallel to radial directions of the first cylindrical body.

[0094] The first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 are each electrically conductive foils. For example, the first and second conductors 21, 22 are aluminum foil. The dielectric 23 comprises, for example, a plastic or a varnish. The dielectric 23 is preferably formed from an inorganic material.

[0095] 1 and 2, the first conductor 21, the second conductor 22 and the dielectric 23 are shown spaced apart from one another. However, this representation has been chosen merely to improve clarity. Preferably, the first conductor 21, the second conductor 22 and the dielectric 23 border one another directly. The conductor assembly 2 has a first end face 24 (FIG. 2). A normal vector of the end face 24 is perpendicular to the winding axis 3 and to the stacking direction 20. The first end face 24 is arranged in particular at a first end of the winding. Furthermore, the resonator 1 has a second end face 25 of the conductor assembly 2, which is arranged at a second end of the winding. A normal vector of the second end face 25 is in particular likewise perpendicular to the winding axis 3 and to the stacking direction 20.

[0096] The first conductor 21 is electrically connected to a first electrical contact point 4 at an end face 240 of the first conductor 21. The first end face 240 of the first conductor 21 is in particular a partial face of the first end face 24 of the conductor assembly 2. In particular, the first contact point 4 is arranged at a first edge 241 on the first end face 240 of the first conductor 21. The first edge 241 is in particular an edge of the first end face 240 of the first conductor 21 in the region of a cover face of the first cylinder body. The first conductor 21 is connected to a third contact point 40 at a second edge 242 of the first end face 240 of the first conductor 21 opposite the first edge 241. The second edge 242 is arranged in particular in the region of a bottom face of the first cylinder body opposite the cover face. The top surface and the bottom surface are connected by the outer and inner shell surfaces.

[0097] Correspondingly, the second conductor 22 has a second contact point 5 and a fourth contact point 50 on a second end face of the second conductor (not shown). The first to fourth contact points 4, 5, 40, 50 can be seen in side view in Figure 3. The contact points 4, 5, 40, 50 are designed in particular as webs and protrude from a contour of the cylindrical body formed by the wound conductor assembly 2. The first contact point 4 and the second contact point 5 are arranged in the region of the top surface of the first cylindrical body and the third contact point 40 and fourth contact point 50 in the region of the bottom surface. The first contact point 4 and the third contact point 40 are arranged in the region of the outer jacket surface. The second contact point 5 and the fourth contact point 50 are arranged in the region of the inner jacket surface of the first cylindrical body.

[0098] During normal operation, electrical potentials that may vary over time can be applied to the contact points 4, 5, 40, 50. Preferably, an identical first electrical potential is applied to the first contact point 4 and the third contact point 40, and an identical second electrical potential is applied to the second contact point 5 and the fourth contact point 50. The potentials of the first contact point 4 and the second contact point 5 differ from one another.

[0099] A current flow in the conductors 21, 22 results in particular in self-induction during operation, as a result of which the resonator 1 has an inductance and a capacitance and is thus a distributed resonator. The resonator 1 can therefore be used as an oscillating circuit in a circuit arrangement or the like. With electrical contact as just described, the resonator 1 in a circuit has in particular the effect of a series resonant element. For example, during operation an electrical circuit is arranged between the first contact point 4 and the second contact point 5. The electrical circuit can be part of the application of the resonator 1.If an almost arbitrary point of the resonator 1, in particular of the dielectric 23, is considered, an electrical connection path is given by a current path which leads from an n-th conductor layer adjacent to the point to an n+l-th conductor layer adjacent to the point via the electrical circuit.

[0100] The electrical connection path thus comprises a plurality, preferably half, of all the windings of the resonator 1, since the portion of the electrical connection path from the point in question to the first contact point 4 has a first portion of the windings via the first conductor 21, and the portion of the electrical connection path from the second contact point 5 to the point has a second portion of the windings. This advantageously results in a particularly high inductance per unit length for the resonator 1 during operation, since the windings along the connection path are inductively coupled.

[0101] Furthermore, a relatively high capacitance per unit length results. Consequently, the resonator 1 described here has a relatively low resonance frequency, while the resonator 1 can be designed compactly. For example, the resonator 1 has a length, measured parallel to the winding axis, of between 1 cm and 10 cm. An outer diameter of the resonator 1, measured in the radial direction, is, for example, between 1 cm and 10 cm. The resonator 1 has, for example, between two and ten turns of the conductor assembly 2 around the winding axis 3. A resonance frequency of between 1 MHz and approximately 10

[0102] MHz can be achieved. This makes resonator 1 also suitable for inductive energy transmission.

[0103] Figure 4 shows a plan view of a resonator 1 according to a second exemplary embodiment. The resonator 1 of Figure 4 differs particularly from the resonator 1 of Figures 1 to 3 in that the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 are electrically conductively connected to one another by a connecting conductor 6. Furthermore, the resonator 1 according to the second exemplary embodiment of Figure 4 does not include a third contact point 40 or a fourth contact point 50.

[0104] The resonator 1 according to Figure 4 further comprises connection points 7. The connecting conductor 6 is connected to the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 via the connection points 7. Furthermore, the first conductor 21 is connected to the first contact point 4 and the second conductor 22 is connected to the second contact point 5 via the connection points 7 and further connecting conductors 60. The second contact point 5 is electrically conductively connected to the second conductor 22 in a region between the first end face 24 and the second end face 25. With such electrical contact, the resonator 1 is operated in particular as a parallel resonance element.

[0105] Furthermore, the resonator 1 according to Figure 4 has a ferromagnetic core 13, comprising, for example, iron or ferrite. The core 13 can amplify a magnetic field that can be generated within the resonator 1 during operation. In particular for applications that require a high inductive coupling, such as inductive energy transmission, the core 13 can improve the inductive coupling. Such a ferromagnetic core 13, which is arranged in a region of influence of a magnetic field generated by the resonator 1 during operation, can correspondingly also be present in all other embodiments.

[0106] 1 to 3, the resonator 1 according to Figure 5 comprises an additional conductor 9 with a contact structure 90. The additional conductor 9 lies against the conductor assembly 2 and is electrically insulated from the first and second conductors 21, 22. The additional conductor 9 is preferably a foil. The additional conductor 9 extends, for example, along an inner side of the first cylinder body, which is designed as a hollow cylinder and is made of the wound conductor assembly 2, preferably along the entire length. The length is measured parallel to the winding axis 3. The additional conductor 9 can be used to set a capacitance per unit length of the resonator 1 and thus further adjust the resonance frequency of the resonator 1.

[0107] Figure 6 shows a plan view of the resonator 1 according to a further exemplary embodiment. The resonator 1 differs from the resonator 1 according to Figure 5 in that the additional conductor 9 rests against the conductor assembly 2 over a larger area and that the first contact point 4 is electrically conductively connected to the contact structure 90 via a connecting conductor 6. Due to the electrical connection, the resonator 1 can be used as a distributed resonator as a higher-order resonant circuit element. With the electrical contact shown in Figure 6, the resonator 1 can be operated like a higher-order series resonant element in a circuit arrangement. Figure 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the resonator 1 in which, in contrast to the exemplary embodiment in Figure 6, the first and second contact points 4, 5 are electrically conductively connected to one another via the connecting conductor 6.In comparison to the resonator 1 of Figure 6, the resonator 1 of Figure 7 can be operated as a parallel resonance element.

[0108] Figure 8 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a resonator 1 in which, in contrast to the exemplary embodiment of Figure 1, the conductor assembly 2 contains a third conductor 31 and a fourth conductor 32. The third conductor 31 is galvanically connected to the second conductor 22 in a connection region 33. Furthermore, the third conductor 31 and the fourth conductor 32 are insulated from one another and from the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 by the dielectric 23.

[0109] The conductors 21, 22, 31, 32 have substantially the same lengths along the windings or in the winding direction. In particular, all conductors 21, 22, 31, 32 have the same number of windings.

[0110] In the embodiment of Figure 9, in contrast to the embodiment of Figure 8, the third and fourth conductors 31, 32 are arranged only in sections within the conductor assembly 2. Thus, the third conductor 31 and the fourth conductor 32 each have fewer turns than the first and second conductors 21, 22.

[0111] Figure 10 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a resonator 1 described here, in which the first contact point 4, in contrast to the exemplary embodiment in Figure 1, is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder body and not on the end surface 24. Thus, along the windings, the distance between the first contact point 4 and the second contact point 5 is less than the length of the first and second conductors 21, 22. With such an arrangement, the electrical connection path can be shortened and the resonant frequency of the resonator 1 can be influenced.

[0112] In the embodiment of Figure 11, in contrast to the embodiment of Figure 1, the second conductor 22 does not extend as far as the first end surface 24. This means that the second conductor 22 has a shorter length in the winding direction or along the turns than the first conductor 21.

[0113] Figure 12 illustrates an embodiment in which, in contrast to the embodiment of Figure 1, the first conductor 21 projects beyond the first end surface 24. The first conductor 21 thus has a greater length than the second conductor 22 along the windings.

[0114] By varying the length of the conductors 21, 22, as illustrated in Figures 11 and 12, the connection path within the resonator 1 can be adjusted during operation. This allows the resonance frequency of the resonator to be further influenced.

[0115] Figure 13 shows a section of a resonator 1 described here, for example according to one of the

[0116] Embodiments of Figures 1 to 12, in a detailed view of the first end surface 24 of the conductor assembly 2. As can be seen in Figure 13, the first conductor

[0117] 21 has a greater thickness 26 than the second conductor 22. Alternatively, it is also possible for the thickness 27 of the second conductor 22 to be greater than the thickness 26 of the first conductor 21. It is also possible for the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 to be of equal thickness. The thicknesses 26, 27 are measured parallel to the stacking direction 20.

[0118] Furthermore, Figure 13 illustrates that the dielectric 23 can be designed as a dielectric coating 10. For example, the first conductor 21 and the second conductor

[0119] 22 are each formed by anodized foils. Different or identical thicknesses of the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22, as well as the at least partial design of the dielectric 23 as a dielectric coating 10, can be present in all other embodiments.

[0120] Figure 14 illustrates that the dielectric 23 can be embodied as a heterogeneous material, such as a foam. This allows air pockets 12 to be formed between the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22. Due to the air pockets 12, a dielectric 23 between the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 can advantageously be formed at least partially with air.

[0121] Figure 15 illustrates that the dielectric 23 can have a surface structure 11. In the exemplary embodiment in Figure 15, a surface of the dielectric 23 facing the second conductor 22 has a pyramidal or jagged structure. Such a surface structure 11 can in turn be used to create air pockets 12 between the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22. Figure 16 illustrates that both the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 can have surface structures 11. In the present exemplary embodiment, the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 have corrugated surfaces 11 facing one another. The dielectric 23 is advantageously only applied at points between the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 where they come particularly close to one another.The dielectric 23 is thus essentially a spacer to achieve electrical insulation between the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22.

[0122] The surface structure 11 of the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22 in turn allows air inclusions 12 to be created between the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22. Advantageously, in this embodiment, a particularly large amount of air can be enclosed between the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 22.

[0123] Figure 17 illustrates that the first contact point 4 can be fastened to the first conductor 21 by means of a connecting structure 14. For example, the contact point 4 is attached to the first conductor 21 by welding, soldering or gluing. In these cases, the connecting structure 14 is, for example, a weld seam, a solder or an electrically conductive adhesive structure. Like the first contact point 4, the second contact point 5, the third contact point 40 and the fourth contact point 50 can also be fastened to the first conductor 21 or the second conductor 22 by means of a connecting structure 14. Such a fastening of the contact points 4, 5, 40, 50 to the first conductor 21 or the second conductor 22 can be realized in all embodiments. Alternatively, it is possible in all embodiments that the contact points 4, 5, 40, 50 and the conductors 21, 22 are formed integrally with one another.

[0124] Figures 18 to 20 illustrate a resonator 1 according to a further exemplary embodiment in various views. In contrast to the resonator 1 according to the exemplary embodiments of Figures 1 to 12, the resonator 1 according to Figures 18 to 20 has a winding in which the stacking direction 20 of the conductor assembly 2 is parallel to the winding axis 3. The resonator 1 thus forms a second cylindrical body designed as a hollow cylinder, in which the inner and outer jacket surfaces are formed by a sequence of first conductor 21, dielectric 23, second conductor 22, dielectric 23 and so on (sectional view of Figure 20).

[0125] A normal vector of the end surface 24 is parallel to a tangential vector of the lateral surface of the second cylindrical body. This means that the normal vector is perpendicular to the winding axis 3 or the stacking direction 20 and a radial direction of the cylindrical body.

[0126] In a plan view of the resonator 1, a cover surface of the cylinder body encompasses the first conductor 21 (Figure 19). At the first end surface 24, a first contact point 4 can be electrically conductively connected to the first conductor 21 (not shown). Likewise, at a second end surface 25, a second contact point 5 can be electrically conductively connected to the second conductor 22. List of reference symbols

[0127] 1 electrical resonator

[0128] 2 conductor composite

[0129] 3 winding axis

[0130] 4 first contact point

[0131] 5 second contact point

[0132] 6 connecting conductors

[0133] 7 Connection point

[0134] 9 additional conductors

[0135] 10 dielectric coating

[0136] 11 Surface structure

[0137] 12 air pockets

[0138] 13 ferromagnetic core

[0139] 14 Connection structure

[0140] 20 Stacking direction

[0141] 21 first leader

[0142] 22 second leader

[0143] 23 Dielectric

[0144] 24 first end face

[0145] 25 second end face

[0146] 26 Thickness of the first conductor

[0147] 27 Thickness of the second conductor

[0148] 31 third conductor

[0149] 32 fourth leader

[0150] 33 Connection area

[0151] 40 third contact point

[0152] 50 fourth contact point

[0153] 60 additional connecting conductors

[0154] 90 Contact structure

[0155] 240 first end face of the first conductor

[0156] 241 first edge of the first end face of the first conductor

[0157] 242 second edge of the first end face of the first conductor

Claims

Patent claims 1. Electrical resonator (1) comprising - several stacked conductors (21, 22), wherein - the conductors (21, 22) are arranged in at least two turns, - a dielectric (23) is arranged between an n-th conductor layer of the stacked conductors (21, 22) and an n+l-th conductor layer of the stacked conductors (21, 22), - the resonator (1) is arranged such that, during operation, at at least one point of the dielectric (23), a shortest electrical connection path from the adjacent n-th to the adjacent n+l-th conductor layer includes more than one turn of the conductors (21, 22), and - a section of the electrical connection path located within the resonator (1) runs exclusively along conductive structures.

2. Electrical resonator (1) according to claim 1, comprising an electrical conductor composite (2), wherein - the conductor assembly (2) has a stacking direction (20), - in the stacking direction (20), a first conductor (21), the dielectric (23), a second conductor (22) and the dielectric (23) are arranged one after the other and - several turns of the conductor assembly (2) are arranged around a winding axis (3).

3. Resonator (1) according to claim 2, wherein the stacking direction (20) of the wound conductor assembly (2) is perpendicular to the winding axis (3).

4. Resonator (1) according to claim 2, wherein the stacking direction (20) of the wound conductor assembly (2) is parallel to the winding axis (3).

5. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first conductor (21) is connected to the second conductor (22) by means of a connecting conductor (6).

6. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first conductor (21) is electrically connected to a first electrical contact point (4) and the second conductor (22) is electrically connected to a second electrical contact point (5).

7. Resonator (1) according to claim 6, wherein the first electrical contact point (4) is made in one piece with the first conductor (21) and the second electrical contact point (5) is made in one piece with the second conductor (22).

8. Resonator (1) according to claim 6, wherein the first electrical contact point (4) is connected to the first conductor (21) by means of a connecting structure (14) and the second electrical contact point (5) is connected to the second conductor (22) by means of a connecting structure (14).

9. Resonator (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the first contact point (4) is arranged on a first end face of the first conductor (240) and the second contact point (5) is arranged on a second end face of the second conductor.

10. Resonator (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein a distance viewed along the windings between the first contact point (4) and the second contact point (5) is less than a length of the first or second conductor (21, 22).

11. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 10, wherein - the first conductor (21) is electrically connected to a third contact point (40) and the second conductor (22) is electrically connected to a fourth contact point (50), - the third contact point (40) is arranged opposite the first contact point (4) and - the fourth contact point (50) is arranged opposite the second contact point (5).

12. Resonator (1) according to claim 11, wherein - the first contact point (4) at a first edge (241) of the first end face (240) of the first conductor (21), - the third contact point (40) is arranged on a second edge (242) of the first end face of the first conductor (240) opposite the first edge (241), - the second contact point (5) is arranged on a first edge of the second end face of the second conductor (22) and - the fourth contact point (50) is arranged on a second edge of the second end surface (25) opposite the first edge.

13. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 12, further comprising an additional conductor (9) with a contact structure (90) for electrical contacting, wherein - the additional conductor (9) rests against the conductor assembly (2), - the additional conductor (9) is electrically insulated from the conductor assembly (2) and - a main extension plane of the additional conductor (9) runs parallel to the winding axis (3).

14. Resonator (1) according to claim 13 with reference to one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the contact structure (90) of the additional conductor (9) is electrically conductively connected to the first or second contact point (4, 5).

15. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the conductors (21, 22) is coated with a dielectric coating (10) and the dielectric (23) is at least partially formed by the dielectric coating (10).

16. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the dielectric (23) comprises a dielectric foam.

17. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the conductors (21, 22) and / or the dielectric (23) has / have a structured surface (11).

18. Resonator (1) according to claim 16 or 17, wherein a plurality of air inclusions (12) are present between adjacent conductors (21, 22).

19. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first conductor (21) and the second conductor (22) have different thicknesses.

20. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first conductor (21) and the second conductor (22) have different lengths.

21. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a ferromagnetic core (13) in the area of ​​influence of a magnetic field generated by the resonator (1).

22. Resonator (1) according to claim 21, wherein the winding axis (3) runs parallel to or at least partially through the ferromagnetic core (13).

23. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 22, wherein the conductor assembly (2) comprises at least one third conductor (31), wherein - the dielectric (23) is arranged between the first and third conductors (21, 31) and the second and third conductors (22, 31) and - the third conductor (31) is electrically conductively connected to the first or second conductor (21, 22).

24. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 23, wherein the conductor composite (2) comprises at least a fourth conductor (32), wherein the fourth conductor (32) is galvanically insulated from the first and second conductors (21, 22).

25. Resonator (1) according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the third and / or fourth conductor (31, 32) extends / extends at most over a part of the turns of the conductor assembly (2).

26. Resonator (1) according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 25, wherein in the stacking direction (20) a distance between adjacent conductors (21, 22) varies along the windings.

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