Electric vehicle motor matching method and apparatus, device, and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles. Disclosed are an electric vehicle motor matching method and apparatus, a device, and a storage medium. The method comprises: on the basis of dynamic performance indicators of an electric vehicle, determining a target peak power of a required motor; on the basis of an energy consumption condition of the electric vehicle under a common working condition, determining a corresponding target vehicle speed and a target driving force of the electric vehicle under a working condition interval with the highest energy consumption proportion; on the basis of the target vehicle speed and the target driving force, determining a target rotating speed and a target torque of the required motor; and matching a motor with parameters meeting set requirements among candidate motors as the required motor, the set requirements comprising: the peak power is greater than or equal to the target peak power, and when the motor works at the target rotating speed and the target torque, the working efficiency of the motor is greater than a set high-efficiency threshold value. The present method can match motors from two aspects of dynamic performance and economy, thereby achieving comprehensive optimization of dynamic performance and economy of vehicles.

Description

Electric vehicle motor matching methods, devices, equipment and storage media Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to an electric vehicle motor matching method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] The powertrain matching design is a crucial step in the development of electric vehicles. It plays a decisive role in the overall performance of electric vehicles, including their top speed, maximum gradeability, acceleration, driving efficiency, and driving range.

[0003] Currently, research on powertrain matching for electric vehicles mainly focuses on calculating the required parameters for the motor and other related components based on the overall vehicle performance indicators. In actual automotive R&D processes, companies typically start with several alternative motor options and then select the best one based on the overall vehicle performance. However, existing matching methods tend to prioritize motor matching based on vehicle performance aspects such as top speed, maximum gradeability, and acceleration, often neglecting the optimization of vehicle fuel economy and failing to achieve a comprehensive optimization of both overall vehicle power and fuel efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide an electric vehicle motor matching method, apparatus, device and storage medium that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems. It can match the motor from both power and economy perspectives. On the basis of meeting the power requirements of electric vehicles, it makes the electric vehicle correspond to the motor's high-efficiency zone when the energy consumption is highest, based on the high energy consumption ratio operating range, thereby improving the driving range of electric vehicles and achieving comprehensive optimization of the vehicle's power and economy.

[0005] Firstly, a method for matching an electric vehicle motor is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Based on the power performance indicators of the electric vehicle, the target peak power of the required motor is determined. The power performance indicators include the maximum vehicle speed, the maximum gradeability, and the maximum instantaneous acceleration and maximum instantaneous vehicle speed during the acceleration period.

[0007] Based on the energy consumption of electric vehicles under common operating conditions, determine the target vehicle speed and target driving force for the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption ratio.

[0008] Based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force, determine the target speed and target torque of the required motor;

[0009] The motor selected from the candidate motors that meets the set requirements is the desired motor. The set requirements include: peak power greater than or equal to the target peak power, and when the motor operates at the target speed and the target torque, the motor's operating efficiency is greater than the set high efficiency threshold.

[0010] Optionally, determining the target peak power of the required motor based on the electric vehicle's performance indicators includes:

[0011] The first required power for the electric vehicle at its maximum speed, the second required power at its maximum gradeability, and the third required power during acceleration time are determined respectively.

[0012] The target peak power is determined as the power with the larger power value among the first required power, the second required power, and the third required power.

[0013] Optionally, the first required power for the electric vehicle at its maximum speed, the second required power at its maximum gradeability, and the third required power during short-term acceleration, under both instantaneous acceleration and instantaneous speed, are determined, including:

[0014] Calculate the required power using the following formulas:

[0015] ;

[0016] ;

[0017] ;

[0018] in, V is the first power required for the vehicle to operate at its maximum speed. max Let η be the maximum speed of the electric vehicle, η be the transmission efficiency of the power system, and C be the maximum speed of the electric vehicle. d denoted as the air resistance coefficient, A as the vehicle's frontal area, m as the vehicle's curb weight, g as the acceleration due to gravity, and f as the rolling resistance coefficient. V is the second required power for the vehicle to operate at its maximum climbing performance. α α represents the vehicle speed corresponding to the uphill climb. max The maximum gradient angle; The maximum instantaneous power during the acceleration time, i.e., the third required power, V t a is the maximum instantaneous vehicle speed during the acceleration period. t The maximum instantaneous acceleration within the acceleration time. This is the rotational mass conversion factor.

[0019] Optionally, determining the target vehicle speed and target driving force for the electric vehicle in the operating range with the highest energy consumption percentage, based on the energy consumption of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions, includes:

[0020] Obtain the energy consumption ratio map of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions. The energy consumption ratio map is used to represent the energy consumption ratio of the electric vehicle in each operating condition interval corresponding to different vehicle speeds and driving forces. The energy consumption ratio is the ratio of the energy consumed by the electric vehicle in each operating condition interval to the total energy consumed by the electric vehicle in the entire operating condition.

[0021] Based on the energy consumption ratio map, the vehicle speed and driving force corresponding to the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption ratio are determined as the target vehicle speed and the target driving force.

[0022] Optionally, when the electric vehicle is a two-wheel drive system, including front and rear motors, determining the target speed and target torque of the required motors based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force includes:

[0023] Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas:

[0024] ;

[0025] ;

[0026] ;

[0027] ;

[0028] ;

[0029] ;

[0030] Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque required by the rear motor, This is the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, For the target speed of the required front motor, The target speed for the desired rear motor.

[0031] Optionally, when the electric vehicle is a three-wheel drive system, including one front motor and two rear motors, determining the target speed and target torque of the required motors based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force includes:

[0032] Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas:

[0033] ;

[0034] ;

[0035] ;

[0036] ;

[0037] ;

[0038] ;

[0039] Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This is the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, For the target speed of the required front motor, For the target speed of the left rear motor, The target speed for the desired right rear motor.

[0040] Optionally, when the electric vehicle is a four-wheel drive system, including two front motors and two rear motors, determining the target speed and target torque of the required motors based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force includes:

[0041] ;

[0042] ;

[0043] ;

[0044] ;

[0045] ;

[0046] ;

[0047] Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the left front motor, For the target torque required by the right front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This is the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, For the target speed of the desired left front motor, For the target speed of the required right front motor, For the target speed of the left rear motor, The target speed for the desired right rear motor.

[0048] Secondly, an electric vehicle motor matching device is provided, the device comprising:

[0049] The first parameter determination module is configured to determine the target peak power of the required motor based on the power performance indicators of the electric vehicle, the power performance indicators including the maximum vehicle speed, the maximum gradeability, and the maximum instantaneous acceleration and maximum instantaneous vehicle speed during the acceleration time.

[0050] The second parameter determination module is configured to determine the target vehicle speed and target driving force of the electric vehicle in the operating range with the highest energy consumption ratio, based on the energy consumption of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions.

[0051] The third parameter determination module is configured to determine the target speed and target torque of the required motor based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force.

[0052] The motor matching module is configured to match a motor from the candidate motors whose parameters meet the set requirements as the required motor. The set requirements include: peak power greater than or equal to the target peak power, and when the motor operates at the target speed and the target torque, the motor's operating efficiency is greater than the set high efficiency threshold.

[0053] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the electric vehicle motor matching method described in the first aspect.

[0054] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the electric vehicle motor matching method described in the first aspect.

[0055] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0056] This invention provides an electric vehicle motor matching method, apparatus, device, and storage medium that achieves motor matching from both power and economy perspectives. On one hand, based on the electric vehicle's power performance indicators, the target peak power of the required motor is determined, and a motor with a peak power greater than or equal to the target peak power is selected to meet the electric vehicle's power requirements. On the other hand, based on the energy consumption of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions, the target vehicle speed and target driving force corresponding to the operating range with the highest energy consumption are determined. Then, based on the determined target vehicle speed and target driving force, the target speed and target torque of the required motor are determined. Finally, a motor whose operating efficiency is greater than a set high-efficiency threshold when operating at the target speed and target torque is selected, so that the electric vehicle operates within the high-efficiency range of the motor during the operating condition with the highest energy consumption, achieving efficient vehicle operation, thereby improving the electric vehicle's driving range and achieving comprehensive optimization of the vehicle's power and economy.

[0057] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0059] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an electric vehicle motor matching method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 is an energy consumption percentage map under NEDC conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 is a motor efficiency map provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of an electric vehicle motor matching device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0063] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematics according to embodiments of the present disclosure. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0065] In the context of this disclosure, when a layer / component is referred to as being "above" another layer / component, that layer / component may be directly above the other layer / component, or there may be an intermediate layer / component between them. Additionally, if a layer / component is "above" another layer / component in one orientation, then when the orientation is reversed, that layer / component may be "below" the other layer / component. In the context of this disclosure, similar or identical components may be denoted by the same or similar reference numerals.

[0066] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will describe the above technical solutions in detail with reference to specific implementation methods. It should be understood that the embodiments of this disclosure and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of this application, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0067] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an electric vehicle motor matching method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:

[0068] Step S110: Determine the target peak power of the required motor based on the power performance indicators of the electric vehicle. The power performance indicators include the maximum vehicle speed, the maximum gradeability, and the maximum instantaneous acceleration and maximum instantaneous speed during the acceleration period.

[0069] In this embodiment, acceleration time is used to describe the acceleration performance of an electric vehicle. Acceleration performance refers to the shortest time required for an electric vehicle to accelerate from speed V1 to speed V2. It typically includes acceleration time from 0 to 50 km / h (mainly reflecting the vehicle's initial acceleration performance), acceleration time from 0 to 100 km / h (mainly reflecting the vehicle's acceleration performance within its commonly used speed range), and acceleration time from 50 to 80 km / h (mainly reflecting the vehicle's acceleration performance during overtaking). The shorter the acceleration time, the better the vehicle's acceleration performance, and consequently, the better the overall vehicle power.

[0070] Optionally, step S110 includes:

[0071] The first required power for the electric vehicle at its maximum speed, the second required power at its maximum gradeability, and the third required power during short-term acceleration, within the acceleration time, are determined respectively.

[0072] The target peak power is determined by the largest of the three required power values: the first required power, the second required power, and the third required power.

[0073] In this embodiment, the continuous power of the power source (i.e., the first required power and the second required power) can be determined based on the extreme stability operating conditions of the electric vehicle. The peak power of the power source (i.e., the third required power) can be determined based on the acceleration time. Then, the power value with the larger value between the continuous power and the peak power is selected as the target peak power. The extreme stability operating conditions are constrained by the maximum vehicle speed and the maximum gradeability. The motor matching design process is carried out under multiple requirement constraints.

[0074] Optionally, each required power can be calculated according to the following formulas (1) to (3):

[0075] (1)

[0076] (2)

[0077] (3)

[0078] in, V is the first required power (kW) for the vehicle to operate at its maximum speed. max Where η is the maximum speed of the electric vehicle (km / h), η is the transmission efficiency of the power system, and C is the maximum speed of the electric vehicle (km / h). dWhere A is the air resistance coefficient and A is the vehicle's frontal area (m²). 2 m is the vehicle's curb weight (kg), and g is the acceleration due to gravity (m / s²). 2 f is the rolling resistance coefficient; V is the second required power (kW) for the vehicle to operate at its maximum climbing performance. α α represents the vehicle speed (km / h) corresponding to the uphill climb. max Maximum gradient angle (°); The maximum instantaneous power during acceleration, i.e., the third required power (kW), is V. t a is the maximum instantaneous vehicle speed (km / h) during the acceleration period. t The maximum instantaneous acceleration (m / s²) during the acceleration time. 2 ), This is the rotational mass conversion factor.

[0079] It should be noted that the aforementioned maximum speed and maximum gradeability were pre-set by the R&D personnel during the early stages of electric vehicle development and are fixed values. The maximum instantaneous acceleration and maximum instantaneous speed during the acceleration period, however, can be actual parameters obtained through experiments.

[0080] Step S120: Based on the energy consumption of electric vehicles under common operating conditions, determine the target vehicle speed and target driving force for the electric vehicle in the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption ratio.

[0081] Optionally, step S120 includes:

[0082] Obtain an energy consumption percentage map of electric vehicles under common operating conditions. The energy consumption percentage map is used to represent the energy consumption percentage of electric vehicles in each operating condition range corresponding to different vehicle speeds and driving forces. The energy consumption percentage is the ratio of the energy consumed by electric vehicles in each operating condition range to the total energy consumed by electric vehicles in the entire operating condition.

[0083] Based on the energy consumption percentage map, the vehicle speed and driving force corresponding to the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption percentage are determined as the target vehicle speed and target driving force.

[0084] In this field, electric vehicles are typically tested under four operating cycles: NEDC, FTP75, WLTP, and CLTC. These different cycles significantly impact the driving range of electric vehicles. The NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) is the European standard for driving range testing, comprising four urban cycles and one suburban cycle. The urban cycle lasts 780 seconds with a maximum speed of 50 km / h, while the suburban cycle lasts 400 seconds with a maximum speed of 120 km / h. FTP75 (Federal Test Procedure) is a standard issued by the U.S. Department of Energy for testing the fuel economy and emissions of passenger vehicles in urban driving conditions, used to evaluate the emissions and fuel economy of light-duty vehicles and light-duty trucks. The complete FTP75 test cycle takes 1874 seconds, with a theoretical driving distance of 11.04 miles (17.77 km), an average speed of 21.2 mph (34.12 km / h), and a maximum speed of 56.7 mph (91.25 km / h). It includes three parts: cold start transient, steady-state, and hot start transient. The WLTP (Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicles Test Procedure) is an international standard developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe for testing the emissions and fuel economy of conventional gasoline and hybrid vehicles, as well as the driving range of pure electric vehicles. It consists of two main parts: the WLTC cycle (test curve) and the test procedure. The WLTP standard test cycle more closely resembles real-world driving conditions. Its complete test cycle consists of four stages: low speed, medium speed, high speed, and ultra-high speed, lasting a total of 1800 seconds. This includes 235 seconds of idling, a distance of 23266 meters, an average speed of 46.5 km / h, and a maximum speed of 131.3 km / h. The CLTC (China Light-Duty Vehicles Test Cycle) is a standard for light-duty vehicles developed by the China Automotive Technology and Research Center (CATARC) under the commission of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China. It is applicable to Chinese road traffic conditions and driving habits, and was released in October 2019 and implemented in May 2020. This standard is subdivided into the China Passenger Vehicle Test Cycle (CLTC-P) and the China Light Commercial Vehicle Test Cycle (CLTC-C). The passenger car test cycle CLTC-P (China light-duty vehicle test cycle-passenger car) includes three speed ranges: low speed, medium speed, and high speed. The total duration is 1800 seconds, the total distance is 14480 meters, the maximum speed is 114 km / h, and the average speed is 28.96 km / h.The CLTC-C (China light-duty vehicle test cycle-commercial car) test cycle for light commercial vehicles includes three speed ranges: low speed, medium speed, and high speed. The total test cycle duration is 1800 seconds, with the low speed range accounting for 40.8% of the time, the medium speed range accounting for 34.2%, and the high speed range accounting for 25.0%. The average vehicle speed is 32.9 km / h, the maximum vehicle speed is 92.0 km / h, and the idle speed percentage is 20.3%.

[0085] In this embodiment, the two-dimensional coordinates of vehicle speed V and longitudinal force F can be obtained by converting the actual common operating conditions map of electric vehicles. Then, the energy consumption ratio corresponding to each operating condition interval is calculated according to the following formulas (4) and (5), thereby generating an energy consumption ratio map of electric vehicles under common operating conditions.

[0086] The total energy consumed by the electric vehicle under all operating conditions is calculated using the following formula (4):

[0087] (4)

[0088] in, Let M be the total number of sampling points, ∆t be the time interval, and F be the total number of sampling points. j V is the longitudinal force at time j. j Let j be the vehicle speed at time j.

[0089] The energy consumption ratio of electric vehicles in each operating condition range is calculated according to the following formula (5):

[0090] (5)

[0091] Where X represents the energy consumption percentage of an electric vehicle within a certain operating range Q, and m Q E represents the number of sampling points within the operating condition interval Q. Q Q represents the energy consumed by the electric vehicle in the operating range.

[0092] Taking the NEDC driving cycle as an example, Figure 2 is an energy consumption percentage map provided by an embodiment of the present invention under the NEDC driving cycle. As shown in Figure 2, the horizontal axis represents vehicle speed (km / h), the left vertical axis represents driving force (N), and the right vertical axis represents energy consumption percentage (%). When the electric vehicle is under the NEDC driving cycle, the energy consumption percentage is highest in the driving cycle interval located in region I. The driving cycle interval corresponding to region I is the high energy consumption percentage driving cycle interval. At this time, the corresponding target vehicle speed is V03~V04 km / h, and the target driving force is F03~F04 N.

[0093] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 2, in one implementation of this embodiment, a working condition interval is defined every ΔV (km / h) for vehicle speed and every ΔF (N) for driving force. In other implementations, the working condition intervals can be divided with other interval sizes, and this invention does not limit this.

[0094] Step S130: Based on the target vehicle speed and target driving force, determine the target speed and target torque of the required motor.

[0095] The electric vehicle motor matching method provided in this embodiment of the invention can be applied to two-wheel drive, three-wheel drive or four-wheel drive electric vehicles.

[0096] (1) When the electric vehicle is two-wheel drive, including front and rear motors:

[0097] Step S130 may include:

[0098] Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas:

[0099] ;

[0100] ;

[0101] ;

[0102] ;

[0103] ;

[0104] ;

[0105] Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque of the required rear motor, This is the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, To achieve the target speed of the front motor, The target speed of the rear motor is required.

[0106] (2) When the electric vehicle is a three-wheel drive system, consisting of one front motor and two rear motors:

[0107] Step S130 may include:

[0108] Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas:

[0109] ;

[0110] ;

[0111] ;

[0112] ;

[0113] ;

[0114] ;

[0115] Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This is the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, To achieve the target speed of the front motor, To achieve the target speed for the left rear motor, The target speed for the right rear motor is required.

[0116] (3) When the electric vehicle is a four-wheel drive vehicle, including two front motors and two rear motors:

[0117] Step S130 may include:

[0118] Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas:

[0119] ;

[0120] ;

[0121] ;

[0122] ;

[0123] ;

[0124] ;

[0125] Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the left front motor, For the target torque required by the right front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This is the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, To achieve the target speed for the left front motor, To achieve the target speed for the right front motor, To achieve the target speed for the left rear motor, The target speed for the right rear motor is required.

[0126] Step S140: Select the motor whose parameters meet the set requirements from the candidate motors as the required motor. The set requirements include: peak power greater than or equal to the target peak power, and when the motor is working at the target speed and target torque, the motor's working efficiency is greater than the set high efficiency threshold.

[0127] In this embodiment, motors with peak power greater than or equal to the target peak power can be selected as pre-selected motors from the candidate motors. Then, motor efficiency maps corresponding to each pre-selected motor are obtained. Based on the motor efficiency maps corresponding to each pre-selected motor, it is determined whether the motor's operating efficiency is greater than the set high-efficiency threshold at the target speed and target torque corresponding to the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption ratio, i.e., whether the motor is in the high-efficiency zone.

[0128] Figure 3 is a motor efficiency map provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, region I represents the target speed and target torque region corresponding to the motor's highest energy consumption ratio under NEDC conditions, and region II represents the target speed and target torque region corresponding to the motor's highest energy consumption ratio under FTP conditions. Assuming the set high efficiency threshold is 85%, meaning the motor's efficiency is greater than 85%, it is considered to be in the high-efficiency zone. Therefore, as shown in Figure 3, when the electric vehicle is under NEDC conditions, the motor's efficiency is approximately 92%, greater than 85%, thus the motor is in the high-efficiency zone. In this case, the pre-selected motor meets the set requirements and can be used as the required motor. Similarly, when the electric vehicle is under FTP conditions, the motor's efficiency is between 90% and 92%, greater than 85%, therefore the motor is in the high-efficiency zone, and the pre-selected motor meets the set requirements and can be used as the required motor.

[0129] The electric vehicle motor matching method provided in this invention can classify common operating conditions and take the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption as the target range. As long as the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption of the matched motor corresponds to the high efficiency range of the motor, the motor parameters can be matched. The matching process is simple and can achieve comprehensive optimization of the vehicle's power and economy.

[0130] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention provides an apparatus for implementing the electric vehicle motor matching method in this application. Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of an electric vehicle motor matching apparatus provided in this invention. As shown in Figure 4, the apparatus 400 includes a first parameter determination module 410, a second parameter determination module 420, a third parameter determination module 430, and a motor matching module 440.

[0131] The first parameter determination module 410 is configured to determine the target peak power of the required motor based on the power performance indicators of the electric vehicle, including the maximum vehicle speed, the maximum gradeability, and the maximum instantaneous acceleration and maximum instantaneous speed during the acceleration time.

[0132] The second parameter determination module 420 is configured to determine the target vehicle speed and target driving force of the electric vehicle in the operating range with the highest energy consumption ratio, based on the energy consumption of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions.

[0133] The third parameter determination module 430 is configured to determine the target speed and target torque of the required motor based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force.

[0134] The motor matching module 440 is configured to match a motor whose parameters meet the set requirements from the candidate motors as the required motor. The set requirements include: peak power greater than or equal to the target peak power, and when the motor is working at the target speed and target torque, the motor's working efficiency is greater than the set high efficiency threshold.

[0135] Optionally, the first parameter determination module 410 includes:

[0136] The required power determination unit is configured to determine the first required power of the electric vehicle at its maximum speed, the second required power at its maximum gradeability, and the third required power at its acceleration time.

[0137] The target peak power determination unit is configured to determine the target peak power as the power with the larger power value among the first required power, the second required power, and the third required power.

[0138] Optionally, the required power determination unit is configured as follows:

[0139] Calculate the required power according to the following formulas (1) to (3):

[0140] (1)

[0141] (2)

[0142] (3)

[0143] in, V is the first power required for the vehicle to operate at its maximum speed. max η is the maximum speed of the electric vehicle, η is the transmission efficiency of the power system, and C is the maximum speed of the electric vehicle. d denoted as the air resistance coefficient, A as the vehicle's frontal area, m as the vehicle's curb weight, g as the acceleration due to gravity, and f as the rolling resistance coefficient. V is the second required power for the vehicle to operate at its maximum climbing performance. α α represents the vehicle speed corresponding to the uphill climb. max The maximum gradient angle; The maximum instantaneous power during the acceleration time, i.e., the third required power, V t a is the maximum instantaneous vehicle speed during the acceleration period. t The maximum instantaneous acceleration within the acceleration time. This is the rotational mass conversion factor.

[0144] Optionally, the second parameter determination module 420 is configured as follows:

[0145] Obtain an energy consumption percentage map of electric vehicles under common operating conditions. The energy consumption percentage map is used to represent the energy consumption percentage of electric vehicles in each operating condition range corresponding to different vehicle speeds and driving forces. The energy consumption percentage is the ratio of the energy consumed by electric vehicles in each operating condition range to the total energy consumed by electric vehicles in the entire operating condition.

[0146] Based on the energy consumption percentage map, the vehicle speed and driving force corresponding to the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption percentage are determined as the target vehicle speed and the target driving force.

[0147] Optionally, when the electric vehicle is a two-wheel drive vehicle, including front and rear motors, the third parameter determination module 430 is configured as follows:

[0148] Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas:

[0149] ;

[0150] ;

[0151] ;

[0152] ;

[0153] ;

[0154] ;

[0155] Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque of the required rear motor, This is the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, To achieve the target speed of the front motor, The target speed of the rear motor is required.

[0156] Optionally, when the electric vehicle is a three-wheel drive system, including one front motor and two rear motors, the third parameter determination module 430 is configured as follows:

[0157] Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas:

[0158] ;

[0159] ;

[0160] ;

[0161] ;

[0162] ;

[0163] ;

[0164] Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This is the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, To achieve the target speed of the front motor, To achieve the target speed for the left rear motor, The target speed for the right rear motor is required.

[0165] Optionally, when the electric vehicle is four-wheel drive, including two front motors and two rear motors, the third parameter determination module 430 is configured as follows:

[0166] ;

[0167] ;

[0168] ;

[0169] ;

[0170] ;

[0171] ;

[0172] Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the left front motor, For the target torque required by the right front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This is the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, To achieve the target speed for the left front motor, To achieve the target speed for the right front motor, To achieve the target speed for the left rear motor, The target speed for the right rear motor is required.

[0173] The specific details of the electric vehicle motor matching method used in the above control device can be understood by referring to the relevant descriptions and effects in the above-described embodiments of the electric vehicle motor matching method, and will not be repeated here.

[0174] This invention also provides an electronic device, which may include a processor and a memory, wherein the processor and memory can be connected via a bus or other means. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU). The processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or combinations thereof. The memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer-executable programs, and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the electric vehicle motor matching method in this invention embodiment. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory, thereby implementing the electric vehicle motor matching method in the above method embodiments.

[0175] The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and at least one application program required for a function; the data storage area may store data created by the processor, etc. Furthermore, the memory may include high-speed random access memory and non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. One or more modules are stored in the memory and, when executed by the processor, perform the electric vehicle motor matching method shown in the embodiment of FIG1. ​​Specific details of the above electronic device can be understood by referring to the corresponding descriptions and effects in the embodiment shown in FIG1, and will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it may include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0176] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0177] This invention provides an electric vehicle motor matching method, apparatus, device, and storage medium that achieves motor matching from both power and economy perspectives. On one hand, based on the electric vehicle's power performance indicators, the target peak power of the required motor is determined, and a motor with a peak power greater than or equal to the target peak power is selected to meet the electric vehicle's power requirements. On the other hand, based on the energy consumption of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions, the target vehicle speed and target driving force corresponding to the operating range with the highest energy consumption are determined. Then, based on the determined target vehicle speed and target driving force, the target speed and target torque of the required motor are determined. Finally, a motor whose operating efficiency is greater than a set high-efficiency threshold when operating at the target speed and target torque is selected, so that the electric vehicle operates within the high-efficiency range of the motor during the operating condition with the highest energy consumption, achieving efficient vehicle operation, thereby improving the electric vehicle's driving range and achieving comprehensive optimization of the vehicle's power and economy.

[0178] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0179] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to simplify this disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various aspects of the invention, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this method of disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the following claims, inventive aspects lie in fewer than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the invention.

[0180] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the invention and not restrictive of the invention, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for matching an electric vehicle motor, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the power performance indicators of the electric vehicle, the target peak power of the required motor is determined. The power performance indicators include the maximum vehicle speed, the maximum gradeability, and the maximum instantaneous acceleration and maximum instantaneous vehicle speed during the acceleration period. Based on the energy consumption of electric vehicles under common operating conditions, determine the target vehicle speed and target driving force for the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption ratio. Based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force, determine the target speed and target torque of the required motor; The motor selected from the candidate motors that meets the set requirements is the desired motor. The set requirements include: peak power greater than or equal to the target peak power, and when the motor operates at the target speed and the target torque, the motor's operating efficiency is greater than the set high efficiency threshold.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the target peak power of the required motor based on the electric vehicle's performance indicators includes: The first required power for the electric vehicle at its maximum speed, the second required power at its maximum gradeability, and the third required power during acceleration time are determined respectively. The target peak power is determined as the power with the larger power value among the first required power, the second required power, and the third required power.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first required power for the electric vehicle at its maximum speed, the second required power at its maximum gradeability, and the third required power during short-term acceleration, under both instantaneous acceleration and instantaneous speed, are determined, including: Calculate the required power using the following formulas: ； ； ； in, V is the first power required for the vehicle to operate at its maximum speed. max Let η be the maximum speed of the electric vehicle, η be the transmission efficiency of the power system, and C be the maximum speed of the electric vehicle. d denoted as the air resistance coefficient, A as the vehicle's frontal area, m as the vehicle's curb weight, g as the acceleration due to gravity, and f as the rolling resistance coefficient. V is the second required power for the vehicle to operate at its maximum climbing performance. α α represents the vehicle speed corresponding to the uphill climb. max The maximum gradient angle; The maximum instantaneous power during the acceleration time, i.e., the third required power, V t a is the maximum instantaneous vehicle speed during the acceleration period. t The maximum instantaneous acceleration within the acceleration time. This is the rotational mass conversion factor.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the target vehicle speed and target driving force for the electric vehicle in the operating range with the highest energy consumption, based on the energy consumption of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions, includes: Obtain the energy consumption ratio map of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions. The energy consumption ratio map is used to represent the energy consumption ratio of the electric vehicle in each operating condition interval corresponding to different vehicle speeds and driving forces. The energy consumption ratio is the ratio of the energy consumed by the electric vehicle in each operating condition interval to the total energy consumed by the electric vehicle in the entire operating condition. Based on the energy consumption ratio map, the vehicle speed and driving force corresponding to the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption ratio are determined as the target vehicle speed and the target driving force.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the electric vehicle is a two-wheel drive system, comprising front and rear motors, determining the target speed and target torque of the required motors based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force includes: Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas: ； ； ； ； ； ； Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque required by the rear motor, This refers to the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, For the target speed of the required front motor, The target speed for the desired rear motor.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the electric vehicle is a three-wheel drive system, including one front motor and two rear motors, determining the target speed and target torque of the required motors based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force includes: Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas: ； ； ； ； ； ； Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This refers to the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, For the target speed of the required front motor, For the target speed of the desired left rear motor, The target speed for the desired right rear motor.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the electric vehicle is a four-wheel drive system, including two front motors and two rear motors, determining the target speed and target torque of the required motors based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force includes: ； ； ； ； ； ； Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the left front motor, For the target torque required by the right front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This refers to the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, For the target speed of the desired left front motor, For the target speed of the required right front motor, For the target speed of the desired left rear motor, The target speed for the desired right rear motor.

8. An electric vehicle motor matching device, characterized in that, The device includes: The first parameter determination module is configured to determine the target peak power of the required motor based on the power performance indicators of the electric vehicle, the power performance indicators including the maximum vehicle speed, the maximum gradeability, and the maximum instantaneous acceleration and maximum instantaneous vehicle speed during the acceleration time. The second parameter determination module is configured to determine the target vehicle speed and target driving force of the electric vehicle in the operating range with the highest energy consumption, based on the energy consumption of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions. The third parameter determination module is configured to determine the target speed and target torque of the required motor based on the target vehicle speed and the target driving force. The motor matching module is configured to match a motor from the candidate motors whose parameters meet the set requirements as the required motor. The set requirements include: peak power greater than or equal to the target peak power, and when the motor operates at the target speed and the target torque, the motor's operating efficiency is greater than the set high efficiency threshold.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first parameter determination module includes: The required power determination unit is configured to determine the first required power of the electric vehicle at its maximum speed, the second required power at its maximum gradeability, and the third required power at its acceleration time. The target peak power determination unit is configured to determine the target peak power as the power with the larger power value among the first required power, the second required power, and the third required power.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The required power determination unit is configured as follows: Calculate the required power using the following formulas: ； ； ； in, V is the first power required for the vehicle to operate at its maximum speed. max Let η be the maximum speed of the electric vehicle, η be the transmission efficiency of the power system, and C be the maximum speed of the electric vehicle. d denoted as the air resistance coefficient, A as the vehicle's frontal area, m as the vehicle's curb weight, g as the acceleration due to gravity, and f as the rolling resistance coefficient. V is the second required power for the vehicle to operate at its maximum climbing performance. α α represents the vehicle speed corresponding to the uphill climb. max The maximum gradient angle; The maximum instantaneous power during the acceleration time, i.e., the third required power, V t a is the maximum instantaneous vehicle speed during the acceleration period. t The maximum instantaneous acceleration within the acceleration time. This is the rotational mass conversion factor.

11. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second parameter determination module is configured as follows: Obtain the energy consumption ratio map of the electric vehicle under common operating conditions. The energy consumption ratio map is used to represent the energy consumption ratio of the electric vehicle in each operating condition interval corresponding to different vehicle speeds and driving forces. The energy consumption ratio is the ratio of the energy consumed by the electric vehicle in each operating condition interval to the total energy consumed by the electric vehicle in the entire operating condition. Based on the energy consumption ratio map, the vehicle speed and driving force corresponding to the operating condition range with the highest energy consumption ratio are determined as the target vehicle speed and the target driving force.

12. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the electric vehicle is a two-wheel drive vehicle, including front and rear motors, the third parameter determination module is configured as follows: Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas: ； ； ； ； ； ； Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque required by the rear motor, This refers to the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, For the target speed of the required front motor, The target speed for the desired rear motor.

13. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the electric vehicle is a three-wheel drive system, including one front motor and two rear motors, the third parameter determination module is configured as follows: Calculate the target speed and target torque for each required motor using the following formulas: ； ； ； ； ； ； Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This refers to the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, For the target speed of the required front motor, For the target speed of the desired left rear motor, The target speed for the desired right rear motor.

14. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the electric vehicle is a four-wheel drive vehicle, including two front motors and two rear motors, the third parameter determination module is configured as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； Where x is the front-to-rear axle drive force distribution ratio, and F is the target drive force. For front axle drive force, For rear axle drive force, For the target torque required by the left front motor, For the target torque required by the right front motor, For the target torque required by the left rear motor, For the target torque required by the right rear motor, This refers to the reduction ratio of the front axle motor. This refers to the reduction ratio of the rear axle motor. The front wheel rolling radius, The rear wheel rolling radius, For the target vehicle speed, For the target speed of the desired left front motor, For the target speed of the required right front motor, For the target speed of the desired left rear motor, The target speed for the desired right rear motor.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor are communicatively connected, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the electric vehicle motor matching method according to any one of claims 1-7 by executing the computer instructions.

16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the electric vehicle motor matching method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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