Electromagnet structured to minimize spatial constraints, and magnetic field modulation effect measurement device using same

Abstract

This electromagnet structured to minimize spatial constraints comprises: an iron core composed of a body part for supporting the bottom, and a pair of head parts that protrude a predetermined length from both ends of the body part so as to face each other; and a pair of coil parts wound around the outer part of the iron core, wherein the head parts are formed in a polyhedral shape having a polygonal cross-section so that a magnetic field is formed in a space where the head parts face each other and the center position of the magnetic field varies in the vertical direction according to the shape of the surface where the head parts face each other.

Description

Electromagnet with a structure that minimizes spatial constraints and a device for measuring the magnetic field modulation effect using the same

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an electromagnet having a structure that minimizes spatial constraints and a device for measuring a magnetic field modulation effect using the same.

[0002] Existing devices that measure magnetic field modulation effects, such as ESR (electron spin resonance) equipment, VSM (vibrating sample magnetometers) equipment, and MRS (magneto resistance system) equipment, use electromagnets to measure the magnetic field modulation effect on a sample.

[0003] Conventional electromagnets have a structure in which two disc-shaped electromagnet coils that generate a magnetic field face each other and a central magnetic field is formed at the center of the iron core.

[0004] However, this structure imposes spatial constraints, limiting the placement of equipment that analyzes various semiconductor properties of organic and inorganic materials and devices based on magnetic field modulation effects. For example, the rotation of the photodetector is restricted, the proximity of the photodetector to the target sample is limited, and the placement of other modules within the electromagnet's central magnetic field is limited.

[0005] The present disclosure provides an electromagnet having a structure that minimizes spatial constraints in measuring the magnetic field modulation effect of a sample using an electromagnet, and a device for measuring the magnetic field modulation effect using the same.

[0006] The present disclosure provides an electromagnet having a structure having a core and coil of the electromagnet in the shape and angle, and a position where a central magnetic field is formed, to minimize spatial constraints, and provides a device for measuring a magnetic field modulation effect using such an electromagnet.

[0007] According to one feature, the electromagnet includes a body supporting the floor, an iron core formed by a pair of heads protruding from both ends of the body by a certain length and facing each other, and a pair of coil parts wound on the outside of the iron core, and the heads may be formed in a polyhedral shape with a polygonal cross-section so that a magnetic field is formed in a space where the heads face each other, and the center position of the magnetic field varies in the vertical direction depending on the shape of the surface where the heads face each other.

[0008] The above-mentioned heads may have a polygonal cross-section in which all surfaces except the surface where the center position of the magnetic field is formed are cut off.

[0009] The above heads may be polygons in the form of a cross-section whose lower surface is cut off so that the center position of the magnetic field is formed at the top of the facing surface.

[0010] The above pair of coil sections may be in a form facing each other.

[0011] The above pair of coil sections may be arranged side by side facing the same direction.

[0012] The above electromagnet is included in a magnetic field modulation effect measurement device, and a sample to be measured can be positioned at the center position of the magnetic field.

[0013] According to another feature, the electromagnet may include a core formed of a body supporting the floor, a pair of head portions protruding from both ends of the body portion by a certain length and facing each other so that a magnetic field is formed in the space facing each other, and a pair of coil portions wound around the outer lower portions of the head portions and arranged side by side while facing each other.

[0014] The above head parts may be formed in a polyhedral shape with a polygonal cross-section so that the center position of the magnetic field can be varied in the vertical direction depending on the shape of the faces facing the head parts.

[0015] The above heads may be polygons in the form of a cross-section whose lower surface is cut off so that the center position of the magnetic field is formed at the top of the facing surface.

[0016] According to another feature, a magnetic field modulation effect measuring device includes an electromagnet, and a measuring unit that applies a magnetic field generated by the electromagnet to a sample to be measured and measures the magnetic field modulation effect of the sample according to the magnetic field, wherein the electromagnet may include a body supporting a floor, and a pair of head portions formed to face each other so as to form a magnetic field in a space facing each other by protruding from both ends of the body portion by a certain length, and having a polyhedral shape with a cross-section of a polygon such that the center position of the magnetic field varies in the vertical direction depending on the shape of the facing surface, and a pair of coil portions wound on the outside of the head portions.

[0017] The above-mentioned heads may have a polygonal cross-section in which all surfaces except the surface where the center position of the magnetic field is formed are cut off.

[0018] The above pair of coil sections are arranged side by side while facing the same direction, and the head sections may be polygons with the lower surface of the cross-section cut off so that the center position of the magnetic field is formed at the top of the facing surface.

[0019] The above pair of coil sections can be arranged at the bottom of the head sections so that the space surrounding the head sections is open.

[0020] According to the embodiment, by optimizing the shape and angle of the core and coil of the electromagnet and the location where the central magnetic field is generated, a structure without spatial restrictions is provided, thereby increasing space utilization and enabling various measurements through a single device.

[0021] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field modulation effect measurement device according to one embodiment.

[0022] Fig. 2 is an example for explaining the measurement of the magnetic field modulation effect of the measuring unit of Fig. 1.

[0023] Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing an electromagnet according to one embodiment.

[0024] Fig. 4 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the first embodiment.

[0025] Fig. 5 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the second embodiment.

[0026] Fig. 6 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the third embodiment.

[0027] Fig. 7 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the fourth embodiment.

[0028] Fig. 8 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the fifth embodiment.

[0029] Fig. 9A is a perspective view of an electromagnet to which the embodiment of Fig. 7 is applied.

[0030] Figure 9B is a plan view from above of an electromagnet to which the embodiment of Figure 8 is applied.

[0031] Fig. 10 shows an example of actual use of an electromagnet using the embodiment of Fig. 8.

[0032] Fig. 11 is an example of measurement using an electromagnet and an optical table according to the embodiment of Fig. 8.

[0033] Figures 12(A) and 12(B) are photographs applying the embodiment of Figure 11.

[0034] Fig. 13 is an example of measuring a characteristic according to the angle of a sample using an electromagnet applying the embodiment of Fig. 8.

[0035] Fig. 14 is an example of measuring the characteristics of a sample according to temperature using an electromagnet that applies the embodiment of Fig. 8.

[0036] Fig. 15 is an example of measuring the MPL characteristics of an organic thin film using an electromagnet to which the embodiment of Fig. 8 is applied.

[0037] Figure 16 shows the form of a conventional electromagnet.

[0038] Fig. 17 is an example explaining the measurement of a sample using the electromagnet of Fig. 16.

[0039] Below, with reference to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present disclosure. However, the present disclosure may be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In addition, in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted for clarity of explanation, and similar parts are designated with similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

[0040] Throughout the specification, whenever a part is said to "include" a component, this does not mean that it excludes other components, but rather that it may include other components, unless otherwise stated.

[0041] In this specification, expressions described in the singular may be interpreted as singular or plural, unless explicit expressions such as “one” or “single” are used.

[0042] In this specification, the same drawing numbers refer to the same components regardless of the drawings, and “and / or” includes each and every combination of one or more of the mentioned components.

[0043] In this specification, terms including ordinal numbers, such as "first" and "second," may be used to describe various components, but these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, a first component could be referred to as a "second component," and similarly, a second component could also be referred to as a "first component."

[0044] In the flowcharts described with reference to the drawings in this specification, the order of operations may be changed, several operations may be merged, some operations may be split, and certain operations may not be performed.

[0045]

[0046] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field modulation effect measurement device according to one embodiment, and Fig. 2 is an example for explaining the magnetic field modulation effect measurement of the measuring unit of Fig. 1.

[0047] Referring to FIG. 1, a magnetic field modulation effect measuring device (100) can visualize the behavior of particles by applying a magnetic field to a sample and measuring conductivity, resistance, photoluminescence intensity change, electroluminescence intensity change, etc. according to changes in electron spin.

[0048] Here, the sample can be an organic / inorganic material or element.

[0049] The magnetic field modulation effect measuring device (100) includes a measuring unit (110), a control unit (120), and an electromagnet (200). Since the configuration is schematically shown for the purpose of explaining the present invention, it is not limited to this configuration.

[0050] The measuring unit (110) measures the magnetic field modulation effect generated by applying a magnetic field generated by an electromagnet (200) to a sample. The measuring unit (110) can perform various measurements due to the high space utilization of the electromagnet (200), such as measuring the characteristics of the sample by angle, measuring the characteristics by temperature, and measuring the luminescence characteristics.

[0051] The measuring unit (110) may be an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) device, a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), a magneto-resistance system (MRS), a magneto-electroluminescence (MEL) device, etc.

[0052] For example, if the measuring unit (110) is a magnetic electroluminescence (MEL) device, the measuring operation is described as follows.

[0053] Key factors that create semiconductor properties within organic and inorganic materials and devices include polaron pairs and singlet and triplet excitons, which are generated based on electron spin. Among these, triplet excitons significantly impact the performance of organic films and devices depending on their utilization ratio and lifetime. Therefore, analyzing the behavior of triplet excitons is essential for identifying methods to improve the performance of organic films and devices.

[0054] Referring to Figure 2, this is an example explaining Zeeman splitting, a phenomenon that occurs inside organic materials. When a magnetic field is applied to an organic material or device, polarons and excitons with triplet states are split into three energy states (T) by Zeeman splitting. +1 , T0, T -1) and this causes changes in the photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) intensities. The photoluminescence intensity changed by the magnetic field in this way is called MPL (magneto-PL), and the electroluminescence intensity is called MEL (magneto-EL). The measuring unit (110) applies a physical force to the spin of the triplet exciton and polaron to visualize their behavior.

[0055] The measuring unit (110) operates based on the Zeeman effect, in which the spectral lines of atoms or molecules are separated into several components when a magnetic field is present. The three states (T) of triplet excitons of organic molecules +1 , T0, T -1 ) are difficult to distinguish because they have hyperfine interactions, but as the strength of the magnetic field increases due to the Zeeman effect, T +1 The energy level increases, T0 maintains that energy, and T -1 The phenomenon occurs where the energy level is lowered, causing changes in the intensity of photoluminescence (PL) or electroluminescence (EL), and the triplet behavior becomes visible.

[0056] Because the energy levels of triplet excitons are split and different from the existing energy levels, the luminescence characteristics of organic light-emitting materials and devices change depending on the strength of the magnetic field. The measuring unit (110) analyzes the behavior of triplet excitons by identifying the relationship between these changing patterns and the luminescence mechanism of organic molecules.

[0057] The control unit (120) can perform a control operation of supplying or stopping current to the coil to generate a magnetic field in the electromagnet (200). This control operation can occur according to a user input or can be performed in conjunction with the measurement unit (110) and according to the operation of the measurement unit (110). The control unit (120) can be implemented as a hardware device such as at least one processor or memory.

[0058] In detail, the control unit (120) may include a power supply, a bipolar control box, and a water-cooled chiller.

[0059] The power supply supplies or interrupts current to the coil of the electromagnet (200), and can provide high voltage / high current of, for example, 80 V / 100 A.

[0060] The bipolar control box can change the direction of the magnetic field of the electromagnet (200) from left (N pole) to right (S pole) or from right (N pole) to left (S pole) by changing the direction of the current supplied to the coil of the electromagnet (200).

[0061] A water-cooled chiller can reduce the heat generated in the coil of an electromagnet (200) by the supplied current by water cooling (a method of cooling the heat by flowing water through a pipe).

[0062] The measuring unit (110) measures the semiconductor properties of organic / inorganic materials and elements using an electromagnet (200). The electromagnet (200) is composed of an iron core and a coil that generate a magnetic field, and its specific configuration is described with reference to FIG. 3.

[0063]

[0064] FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an electromagnet according to an embodiment, FIG. 4 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the first embodiment, FIG. 5 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the second embodiment, FIG. 6 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the third embodiment, FIG. 7 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the fourth embodiment, FIG. 8 shows the shape of the head of the iron core according to the fifth embodiment, FIG. 9A is a perspective view of an electromagnet applying the embodiment of FIG. 7, FIG. 9B is a plan view looking down from above of an electromagnet applying the embodiment of FIG. 8, FIG. 10 shows an example of actual use of an electromagnet applying the embodiment of FIG. 8, FIG. 11 is an example of measurement using an electromagnet applying the embodiment of FIG. 8 and utilizing an optical table, FIGS. 12(A) and 12(B) are photographs applying the embodiment of FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is a photograph of the embodiment of FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is a photograph of measuring a characteristic according to an angle of a sample using an electromagnet applying the embodiment of FIG. 8. FIG. 14 is an example of measuring the characteristics of a sample according to temperature using an electromagnet applying the embodiment of FIG. 8, and FIG. 15 is an example of measuring the MPL characteristics of an organic thin film using an electromagnet applying the embodiment of FIG. 8.

[0065] Referring to (A) and (B) of FIG. 3, the electromagnet (200) includes an iron core (210) and a pair of coil parts (220a, 220b). At this time, (A) and (B) of FIG. 3 correspond to embodiments having different shapes / shapes, and the same drawing reference numerals are used to describe the same parts even though the shapes / shapes are different.

[0066] The iron core (210) is composed of a body part (211) that supports the floor, and a pair of head parts (212a, 212b) that protrude from both ends of the body part (211) by a certain length and are formed to face each other.

[0067] The polarities (N, S) of the heads (212a, 212b) are different. That is, the left head (212a) has a polarity of N, and the right head (212b) has a polarity of S.

[0068] A central magnetic field is formed in the space where the heads (212a, 212b) face each other. The central magnetic field refers to the location where the strongest and most uniform magnetic field is formed.

[0069] The coil sections (220a, 220b) form a passage through which an externally applied current flows so that a magnetic field is formed in the space where the head sections (212a, 212b) face each other.

[0070] According to (A) of FIG. 3, the coil parts (220a, 220b) are wound so as to be parallel to the direction in which the magnetic field is generated at the lower part of the head parts (212a, 212b), and are arranged side by side while facing the same direction.

[0071] According to (B) of FIG. 3, the coil parts (220a, 220b) are wound in a vertical direction on the head parts (212a, 212b) and are arranged facing each other.

[0072] The heads (212a, 212b) are formed in the shape of a polyhedron with a polygonal cross-section.

[0073] The center position of the magnetic field can be varied in the vertical direction depending on the shape of the cross-section where the heads (212a, 212b) face each other.

[0074] Referring to Fig. 4, each cross-section (P1) where the heads (212a, 212b) face each other is rectangular. At this time, a magnetic field is formed at the center of the cross-section (P1).

[0075] Referring to Fig. 5, each cross-section of the head portions (212a, 212b) facing each other is composed of a cross-section (P1) where a magnetic field is formed and a cut surface (P2). At this time, the cut surface (P2) is generated above the head portions (212a, 212b). Therefore, the magnetic field is formed at the center of the cross-section (P1), and compared to Fig. 4, it is located at a point lower in the space between the head portions (212a, 212b).

[0076] Referring to Fig. 6, each cross-section of the head portions (212a, 212b) facing each other is composed of a cross-section (P1) where a magnetic field is formed and a cut surface (P2). At this time, the cut surface (P2) is generated at the bottom of the head portions (212a, 212b). Therefore, the magnetic field is formed at the center of the cross-section (P1), and compared to Fig. 4, it is located at an upward point in the space between the head portions (212a, 212b).

[0077] Referring to Fig. 7, each cross-section of the head portions (212a, 212b) facing each other is composed of a cross-section (P1) where a magnetic field is formed and a cut surface (P2). At this time, the cut surface (P2) is created on both sides of the head portions (212a, 212b). In other words, the surfaces (P2) on both sides are cut out around the cross-section (P1) where a magnetic field is formed.

[0078] Accordingly, a magnetic field is formed at the center of the cross-section (P1), and compared to FIG. 4, the space where the magnetic field is formed between the heads (212a, 212b) is narrow and concentrated in the center.

[0079] Referring to Fig. 8, as an embodiment combining Figs. 6 and 7, the cross-section where the head portions (212a, 212b) face each other has the left and right sides (P2) and the lower side (P2) cut off, and a magnetic field is formed in the space between the cross-sections (P1) tilted upward in the center. Therefore, compared to Fig. 4, the space where the magnetic field is formed in the space between the head portions (212a, 212b) is narrow and concentrated in the center and upper part.

[0080] The cross-sections of the heads (212a, 212b) of FIGS. 4 to 8 can be applied to (A) and (B) of FIG. 3, respectively.

[0081] As described above, the shape and angle of the core (210) and coils (220a, 220b) of the electromagnet (200) can vary.

[0082] Among these embodiments, in order to increase the space utilization of the measuring unit (110), a form in which the coil parts (220a, 220b) of the electromagnet (200) face each other, as in (A) of FIG. 3, may be more appropriate than a form in which the coil parts (220a, 220b) of the electromagnet (200) face each other, as in (B) of FIG. 3. This is because, even if the measuring unit (110) is positioned above the space where the magnetic field where the sample is located is formed, the coil parts (220a, 220b) are arranged below the head parts (212a, 212b), so that the measuring unit (110) has high measurement space utilization.

[0083] In addition, the utilization of the measurement space of the measuring unit (110) is higher when the central magnetic field is formed at the top surface of the iron core rather than at the center of the iron core of the electromagnet (200).

[0084] In this way, in order to increase the space utilization of the measuring unit (110), the combination of the following two conditions may be most suitable. The first condition is that the coil parts (220a, 220b) of the electromagnet (200) face the ceiling and are positioned parallel to the central magnetic field, as shown in (A) of Fig. 3. The second condition is that the central magnetic field is positioned at the uppermost surface of the head parts (212a, 212b) of the iron core of the electromagnet (200), as shown in Fig. 8. When the electromagnet (200) is manufactured by satisfying these two conditions, it is as shown in Figs. 9(A) and 9(B).

[0085] Fig. 9(A) shows a perspective view of an electromagnet (200), and Fig. 9(B) shows a plan view of the electromagnet (200) viewed from above. Fig. 10 shows an actual use example of Fig. 9(A) and Fig. 9(B).

[0086] According to FIGS. 9(A), 9(B), and 10, samples such as organic / inorganic materials and elements can be positioned on the uppermost surface of the core (210), i.e., the uppermost surface of the heads (212a, 212b). Accordingly, since there are no obstacles horizontally and vertically centered on the sample, the horizontal and vertical space required for sample measurement can be utilized 100%, resulting in high space utilization.

[0087] By resolving the spatial constraints of the electromagnet (200), various measurements can be made using a single magnetic field modulation effect measurement device (100). That is, the magnetic field modulation effect measurement device (100) can be implemented as an all-in-one device capable of measuring all optical characteristics of organic light-emitting thin films and devices that utilize or do not utilize a magnetic field.

[0088] The types of measurements possible through the magnetic field modulation effect measuring device (100) according to the embodiment of the present invention include polaron and triplet exciton behavior analysis (Magneto-Electroluminescence, MEL) of organic / inorganic devices, polaron and triplet exciton behavior analysis (Magneto-Photoluminescence, MPL) of organic / inorganic materials, temperature-dependent MEL / MPL (polaron and triplet exciton behavior analysis of materials and devices sensitive to thermal energy), angle-dependent MEL / MPL (angle-dependent luminescence characteristic analysis of luminescent organic / inorganic materials and devices), time-dependent MEL / MPL (polaron and triplet exciton behavior analysis of materials and devices with different exciton lifetimes), ESR (Electron Spin Resonance) / ELDMR (EL-detected magnetic resonance) / PLDMR (PL-detected magnetic resonance) (polaron behavior measurement and g factor value analysis of organic / inorganic materials and devices), Hall effect measurement (magneto-photoluminescence of organic / inorganic materials) There may be semiconductor characteristics, such as P-type (N-type) semiconductor characteristics and electron (hole) concentration measurement. In addition, by implementing a measuring unit (110) in the form of an applicable module, it is possible to measure various types of magnetic field modulation effects.

[0089] With this high space utilization, an optical table can be installed on the electromagnet (200). Accordingly, the sample can be positioned in a space where a central magnetic field is formed without hanging the sample, and the measuring units (110) required to measure the sample can be positioned according to the measurement method.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 11, an OLED element is positioned at a point where a central magnetic field is formed on the uppermost surface of the head portions (212a, 212b), and a measuring unit (110) installed above the OLED element performs measurements on the OLED element.

[0091] By utilizing an optical table, a measuring unit (110) such as a photodiode, spectrophotometer, or goniometer can be fixed and accurately positioned on top of the sample.

[0092] Referring to Fig. 12(A), an electromagnet (200) and a measuring unit (110) are installed inside an inside black box of an optical table. Referring to Fig. 12(B), an OLED element is positioned at a point where a central magnetic field is formed at the top surface of the heads (212a, 212b) of the electromagnet (200), and the distance between the heads (212a, 212b) may be approximately 10 cm.

[0093] Referring to FIG. 13, since there is no obstruction in the space above the heads (212a, 212b), the sample is placed at a position where a central magnetic field is formed between the heads (212a, 212b), and the measuring unit (110) can be rotated from -80 degrees to 80 degrees around the sample, so that semiconductor characteristics can be measured according to the angle of the sample.

[0094] Referring to Fig. 14, a configuration for measuring semiconductor characteristics of a sample according to temperature is illustrated. A cryostat (300) required for temperature measurement is positioned in the space between the heads (212a, 212b), and the semiconductor characteristics of a sample located inside the cryostat (300) according to temperature can be measured.

[0095] At this time, measurement can be performed by installing a measuring unit (110) for semiconductor characteristics according to temperature on the optical table, i.e., a Liquid Nitrogen connector (110a), a Vacuum connector Device (110b), and an electric supply port (110c).

[0096] In this way, since the horizontal and vertical space utilization is free around the point where the central magnetic field is formed, various measurement module designs and installations as desired by the user are possible. Referring to Fig. 15, a measuring unit (110) for measuring the MEL characteristics of an organic light-emitting element (Excitation LED) and the MPL characteristics of a thin film, for example, a spectroradiometer, a photodiode, etc., can be installed on top of the organic light-emitting element to perform measurements.

[0097] Additionally, by manufacturing the stand of the electromagnet (200) so that the point where the central magnetic field is formed is at the user's eye level (1 meter) when the user sits on the chair, a black box can be installed to create a darkroom environment essential for measuring the luminescence characteristics of organic / inorganic luminescent elements. This has the advantage of eliminating the need to create a separate darkroom environment even when the type of measurement changes, since the darkroom environment is already provided as a basic feature.

[0098]

[0099] In order to highlight the effect of the electromagnet (200) according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the structure of the electromagnet is compared with that of a conventional electromagnet, as follows.

[0100] Fig. 16 shows the form of a conventional electromagnet, and Fig. 17 is an example explaining measurement of a sample using the electromagnet of Fig. 16.

[0101] Referring to (A) of Fig. 16, a conventional electromagnet (10) includes an iron core (11) formed by a pair of head parts (12a, 12b) protruding from both ends of a body part (11) having a closed shape on one side, and a pair of coil parts (13a, 13b) wound around the outside of the head parts (12a, 12b).

[0102] At this time, as shown in (B) of Fig. 16, the head parts (12a, 12b) have a cylindrical shape with a circular cross-section, and a central magnetic field is formed in the space where the head parts (12a, 12b) face each other. A case of MEL measurement using such an electromagnet (10) will be described with reference to Fig. 17.

[0103] Referring to (A), (B), (C), and (D) of FIG. 17, a pair of coil sections (13a, 13b) face each other in the shape of a wide cylinder, and a sample (20) is positioned at the center of the coil sections (13a, 13b) where a central magnetic field is formed. A measuring device (Si Detector) is positioned at the bottom of the sample to measure the luminescence characteristics of the sample.

[0104] However, this structure imposes spatial constraints when implementing the essential elements for measuring the luminescence properties of a sample: creating a darkroom environment, electrically connecting the devices, and installing the measuring instrument. For example, the following three cases present spatial constraints:

[0105] According to (B) of Fig. 17, there is a problem due to spatial constraints when the photodetector must rotate to measure the characteristics of the sample at different angles.

[0106] Since light from a sample comes out in three-dimensional space, it is essential to measure the characteristics at different angles depending on the direction in which the light comes out. In order to measure the characteristics at different angles for a sample, the photodetector must rotate around the sample or the sample must be rotated. However, the arrangement of the device that rotates the photodetector or the sample is spatially blocked by the core (11) and coil sections (13a, 13b) of the electromagnet.

[0107] However, as described in FIGS. 1 to 15, the electromagnet (200) according to the embodiment of the present invention forms a central magnetic field at the uppermost surface of the iron core (210) and places the sample at the location where the central magnetic field is formed, so there are no obstacles in the vicinity. Accordingly, measurement can be performed by freely rotating the photodetector around the sample.

[0108] Additionally, as in (C) of Fig. 17, there is a problem due to spatial constraints when the distance between the sample and the photodetector must be sufficiently close.

[0109] Generally, the distance between the sample and the photodetector should be set to at least 6 cm. This is because the greater the distance between the sample and the photodetector, the lower the amount of light received by the photodetector, making precise measurements impossible. However, the radius of the coils (13a, 13b) is usually 10 cm or more. Here, the radius refers to the minimum radius at which the coils (13a, 13b) must be wound as necessary to form a sufficient magnetic field.

[0110] To ensure that the distance between the sample and the photodetector is at least 6 cm, the photodetector must be positioned close to the sample. However, this causes the photodetector to be close to the central magnetic field, causing interference from the magnetic field and causing measurement problems.

[0111] However, as described in FIGS. 1 to 15, the electromagnet (200) according to the embodiment of the present invention forms a central magnetic field on the uppermost surface of the iron core (210) and places the sample at the position where the central magnetic field is formed, so there is no obstacle between the sample and the photodetector. Accordingly, the distance between the sample and the photodetector can be made close, and the distance can also be freely adjusted by moving the photodetector away from the sample as needed.

[0112] In addition, there is a problem due to spatial constraints when several modules must be arranged in the central magnetic field of the electromagnet (10) as in (D) of Fig. 17. For example, in order to measure the temperature-dependent characteristics of a sample, the sample must be placed in a cryostat and lowered to a low temperature. Therefore, the cryostat must be placed in the space between the coil sections (13a, 13b), and a photodetector must be arranged in accordance with the direction of the light emitted by the sample within the cryostat. However, the shape of the conventional electromagnet limits the number of possible arrangements.

[0113] However, as described in FIGS. 1 to 15, the position of the photodetector can be freely varied without obstruction to suit the direction of light of the sample, so there is no limitation on the number of possible arrangements.

[0114] In this way, spatial limitations arise due to the shape of the iron core (11) and coil (12) that generate the magnetic field of the conventional electromagnet (10), and spatial limitations arise in arranging equipment that analyzes various semiconductor characteristics of organic / inorganic materials and elements due to the magnetic field modulation effect.

[0115]

[0116] However, as described in FIGS. 1 to 15, the electromagnet (200) according to the embodiment of the present invention can change the shape and angle of the iron core and the coil, and the location where a strong and uniform magnetic field is generated as needed, thereby solving the problem of spatial constraints and arranging the measuring units so that the semiconductor characteristics of organic / inorganic materials and elements that do not utilize or utilize a magnetic field can all be measured.

[0117]

[0118] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art using the basic concepts of the present disclosure defined in the following claims also fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A steel core consisting of a body supporting the floor, and a pair of heads protruding from both ends of the body to a certain length and facing each other, and It comprises a pair of coil parts wound on the outside of the above iron core, The above heads are, An electromagnet having a polyhedral shape with a polygonal cross-section so that a magnetic field is formed in a space where the above heads face each other, and the center position of the magnetic field changes in the vertical direction depending on the shape of the surface where the above heads face each other.

2. In paragraph 1, The above heads are, An electromagnet having a polygonal cross-section in which all surfaces except the surface where the center of the magnetic field is formed are cut off.

3. In paragraph 2, The above heads are, An electromagnet having a polygonal shape with the lower surface of the cross-section cut off so that the center of the magnetic field is formed at the top of the opposing surface.

4. In paragraph 1, The above pair of coil sections, Electromagnets that face each other.

5. In paragraph 1, The above pair of coil sections, Electromagnets that are arranged side by side facing the same direction.

6. In paragraph 1, The above electromagnet, Included in the magnetic field modulation effect measurement device, An electromagnet in which a sample to be measured is positioned at the center of the magnetic field.

7. A core composed of a body supporting the floor, and a pair of heads that protrude from both ends of the body by a certain length and face each other, so that a magnetic field is formed in the space facing each other, and A pair of coil sections wound on the outer bottom of the above-mentioned heads and arranged side by side facing in the same direction An electromagnet, including:

8. In paragraph 7, The above heads are, An electromagnet having a polyhedral shape with a polygonal cross-section so that the center position of the magnetic field can be varied in the vertical direction depending on the shape of the faces facing the above-mentioned heads.

9. In paragraph 8, The above heads are, An electromagnet having a polygonal shape with the lower surface of the cross-section cut off so that the center of the magnetic field is formed at the top of the opposing surface.

10. Electromagnet, and It includes a measuring unit that applies a magnetic field generated from the electromagnet to a sample to be measured and measures the magnetic field modulation effect of the sample according to the magnetic field, The above electromagnet, A core comprising a body supporting the floor, and a pair of heads formed to face each other so as to form a magnetic field in a space facing each other by protruding from both ends of the body by a certain length, and having a polyhedral shape with a cross-section such that the center position of the magnetic field changes in the vertical direction depending on the shape of the facing surface, and A pair of coils wound on the outside of the above heads A device for measuring the effect of magnetic field modulation, including:

11. In paragraph 10, The above heads are, A magnetic field modulation effect measuring device having a polygonal cross-section in which all surfaces except the surface where the center position of the magnetic field is formed are cut off.

12. In paragraph 11, The above pair of coil sections, They are arranged side by side facing the same direction, The above heads are, A magnetic field modulation effect measuring device, which is a polygonal shape with the lower surface of the cross-section cut off so that the center position of the magnetic field is formed at the top of the opposing surface.

13. In paragraph 12, The above pair of coil sections, A magnetic field modulation effect measuring device placed at the bottom of the above heads so that the surrounding space of the above heads is in an open form.

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