Switching device and inverter

Abstract

The present application provides a switching device and an inverter. The switching device comprises a housing, an operating handle, an operating mechanism, a moving contact, a stationary contact, a first trip unit, and a second trip unit. When a fault occurs outside an inverter, on the basis of a first driving signal, the first trip unit causes the switching device to trip. The first trip unit can be reset by rotating the operating handle, so that a user or system can automatically restore the closing and opening of the switching device after inspection. When a fault occurs inside the inverter, on the basis of a second driving signal, the second trip unit causes the switching device to trip. Upon clearing the internal fault, maintenance personnel restore the second trip unit, enabling the switching device to close and open. Therefore, when faults occur inside and outside the inverter, different trip units cause the switching device to trip, allowing the user or system to perform restoration after the trip caused by the external fault and the maintenance personnel to perform restoration after the trip caused by the internal fault, thereby improving the safety of the inverter.

Description

A switching device and an inverter

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202421854459.3, filed on July 31, 2024, entitled "A Switching Device and Inverter", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of power technology, and in particular to a switching device and an inverter. Background Technology

[0004] With the advent of electricity, switching devices play a vital role in many production processes and technical equipment. In power systems, switching devices are used for the distribution, control, and protection of electrical energy. Taking rotary disconnect switches as an example, rotary disconnect switches are a commonly used switching device in circuits. In the field of photovoltaic power generation, rotary disconnect switches typically consist of an operating mechanism, a multi-pole switching unit, and a remote trip unit.

[0005] In photovoltaic (PV) power generation scenarios, multiple PV panel conductors are connected to the input terminals of a multi-channel controllable DC switch (hereinafter referred to as "switch"). Due to limitations in conductor length, quantity, and site conditions, faults inevitably occur in practice. Additionally, internal inverter faults may also occur. In such cases, the switch disconnects under the influence of a fault current signal. The controller needs to detect the fault and, upon confirmation, automatically disconnect the switch via a magnetic flux integrated into it to ensure line safety.

[0006] However, in practical applications, users may not be able to determine the reason for the switch tripping, and may perform manual tripping and reclosing operations multiple times while the fault current signal is still present, which can easily lead to switch failure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a switching device and an inverter, which trips the switching device through different trip units when internal and external faults occur in the inverter, thereby restoring the trip caused by external faults to the user or system, and enabling maintenance personnel to restore the trip caused by internal faults, thereby improving the safety of the inverter.

[0008] In a first aspect, this application provides a switching device. The switching device includes a housing, an operating handle, an operating mechanism, a moving contact, a stationary contact, a first trip unit, and a second trip unit. Specifically, the operating handle is connected to the operating mechanism, and the operating mechanism is connected to the moving contact. At least the portion of the operating handle near the operating mechanism, the operating mechanism, the moving contact, the stationary contact, the first trip unit, and the second trip unit are located within the housing. The operating mechanism includes a locking assembly and a transmission assembly. The operating handle and the moving contact are respectively drivenly connected to the transmission assembly. The transmission assembly includes a trip latch and a rocker arm, and the trip latch, rocker arm, and locking assembly rotate relative to the housing. The trip latch is drivenly connected to the rocker arm. The operating handle and the moving contact are respectively drivenly connected to the rocker arm. The rocker arm is provided with a reset drive portion. When the locking assembly is in a first position, the locking assembly and the trip latch remain engaged, so that the operating handle can control the operating mechanism to move the moving contact, thereby causing the moving contact to contact or separate from the stationary contact. When the locking assembly is in the second position, it disengages from the jump catch, thereby disengaging the operating handle from the transmission assembly. This prevents the operating handle from controlling the operating mechanism to move the moving contact, and keeps the moving contact separate from the stationary contact. The first trip unit includes a first drive component. The first trip unit, according to a first drive signal, drives the locking assembly from the first position to the second position, disengaging the locking assembly from the jump catch. When the operating handle rotates the rocker arm towards the first trip unit, the reset drive unit moves towards the first drive component and drives the first drive component to reset, allowing the locking assembly to reset from the second position to the first position. Simultaneously, as the operating handle rotates the rocker arm towards the first trip unit, the rocker arm can rotate the jump catch towards the locking assembly, engaging it with the locking assembly, allowing the operating handle to control the operating mechanism to move the moving contact. The second trip unit includes a second drive component. The second trip unit, according to a second drive signal, locks the movement of the operating mechanism, preventing the operating handle from controlling the operating mechanism to move the moving contact, and keeping the moving contact separate from the stationary contact.

[0009] The switching device of this application can be applied in an inverter to connect or disconnect the inverter circuit and the photovoltaic module. When the inverter malfunctions, the inverter controller can send a drive signal to the switching device, causing the switching device to trip. Internal inverter malfunctions may be caused by faults in the inverter's internal equipment itself, including but not limited to overvoltage faults, overcurrent faults, and breakdown faults. Therefore, internal inverter malfunctions require professional maintenance personnel to resolve, and cannot be handled solely by the user. External inverter malfunctions may be caused by external environmental faults. These external environmental faults may occur both inside and outside the inverter; in this application, they are both considered external inverter malfunctions. External inverter malfunctions can be inspected and resolved by the user or the system. Specifically, when an external inverter malfunction occurs, the first drive component of the first trip unit drives the latch assembly to rotate from the first position to the second position, causing the latch assembly to disengage from the trip latch, thereby disengaging the operating mechanism from the operating handle and separating the moving and stationary contacts. In this situation, the operating handle cannot control the operating mechanism to move the moving contact, thus keeping the moving and stationary contacts separated. At this time, rotating the operating handle moves the rocker arm closer to the first trip unit, causing the reset drive unit to move towards the first drive component and reset it. Simultaneously, the trip latch and locking assembly re-engage. This allows the operating handle to control the operating mechanism to move the moving contact again. When an internal inverter fault occurs, the second drive component of the second trip unit locks the operating mechanism and separates the moving and stationary contacts. Again, the operating handle cannot control the operating mechanism to move the moving contact, keeping the moving and stationary contacts separated. Therefore, when internal or external faults occur in the inverter, different trip units trip the switching device, allowing users or the system to recover from trips caused by external faults and enabling maintenance personnel to recover from trips caused by internal faults, thereby improving inverter safety.

[0010] The movement of the locking operating mechanism of the second trip unit mentioned above can be achieved by locking different components of the operating mechanism.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the second trip unit can achieve the engagement and disengagement of the latching assembly and the trip latch by locking the position of the latching assembly. Specifically, the second trip unit is used to drive the second drive component to rotate the latching assembly from a first position to a second position according to a second drive signal, so as to keep the latching assembly disengaged from the trip latch.

[0012] In another possible implementation, the second trip unit can disengage the operating handle from the operating mechanism by locking the movement of the transmission assembly. Specifically, the transmission assembly further includes a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, and an output shaft. Specifically, the first and second mounting plates are arranged opposite each other, and the operating handle passes through and rotates relative to the first and second mounting plates. A rocker arm is located between the first and second mounting plates and is rotatably connected to them. The rocker arm is drivenly connected to the moving contact via the output shaft. The first mounting plate has a first groove, and the second mounting plate has a second groove. One end of the output shaft is received in the first groove, and the other end is received in the second groove. When the operating handle drives the rocker arm to rotate, the rocker arm drives the output shaft to slide within the first and second grooves, thereby moving the moving contact. In another possible implementation, the second trip unit is used to drive the second drive component to extend between the rocker arm and the first mounting plate, or to extend the second drive component between the rocker arm and the second mounting plate, according to the second drive signal, so that the rocker arm cannot rotate, thereby locking the movement of the transmission assembly and preventing the operating handle from controlling the operating mechanism to move the moving contact. In another possible implementation, the second trip unit is used to drive the second drive component to extend into the first or second slide groove, according to the second drive signal, to lock the sliding of the output shaft within the first and second slide grooves, so that the rocker arm cannot rotate, thereby locking the movement of the transmission assembly and preventing the operating handle from controlling the operating mechanism to move the moving contact.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first trip unit can be an electromagnetic trip unit. Specifically, the first trip unit further includes a first coil assembly, a first permanent magnet assembly, and a first spring, the first spring being connected to a first driving component. The first magnetic field generated by the first permanent magnet assembly applies a first force to the first driving component. The first coil assembly is energized according to a first driving signal, causing the first induced magnetic field generated by the first coil assembly to apply a second force to the first driving component, and the second force cancels out the first force, thereby causing the first spring to drive the first driving component toward the locking assembly, and driving the locking assembly to rotate from a first position to a second position.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the specific structure of the first trip unit of the electromagnetic trip unit type is as follows: a first driving component includes a first moving iron core, a first permanent magnet assembly includes a first permanent magnet, and a first coil assembly includes a first coil. The first trip unit also includes a first stationary iron core, which has a first receiving space. One end of the first moving iron core, the first permanent magnet, and the first coil are located within the first receiving space. The first permanent magnet is located at one end of the first moving iron core, and the first coil is sleeved on the first moving iron core. The other end of the first moving iron core extends out of the first receiving space and is positioned towards the locking assembly. A first spring is sleeved on the other end of the first moving iron core, with one end of the first spring fixed relative to the first stationary iron core and the other end of the first spring fixed relative to the other end of the first moving iron core. When the first coil is energized, the first induced magnetic field generated by the first coil is opposite in direction to and cancels out the first magnetic field of the first permanent magnet, causing the first moving iron core to move away from the first stationary iron core under the action of the first spring. When the operating handle rotates the rocker arm towards the first trip unit, the reset drive unit drives the first moving iron core to reset, causing the first permanent magnet to magnetically attract the first moving iron core, and the first moving iron core to compress the first spring, thereby restoring the first trip unit to its initial state. This technical solution provides a simple structure for the first trip unit, reducing the manufacturing cost of the switching device.

[0015] Similarly, the second trip unit can be an electromagnetic trip unit. Specifically, the second trip unit also includes a second coil assembly, a second permanent magnet assembly, and a second spring, with the second spring connected to the second drive component. The second magnetic field generated by the second permanent magnet assembly applies a third force to the second drive component. The second coil assembly is energized according to a second drive signal, causing the second induced magnetic field generated by the second coil assembly to apply a fourth force to the second drive component. The fourth force cancels out the third force, thereby causing the second spring to drive the second drive component toward the latching assembly and drive the latching assembly to rotate from a first position to a second position.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the specific structure of the second trip unit of the electromagnetic trip unit type is as follows: the second driving component includes a second moving iron core, the second permanent magnet assembly includes a second permanent magnet, and the second coil assembly includes a second coil. The second trip unit also includes a second stationary iron core with a second receiving space. One end of the second moving iron core, the second permanent magnet, and the second coil are located within the second receiving space. The second permanent magnet is located at one end of the second moving iron core, and the second coil is sleeved on the second moving iron core. The other end of the second moving iron core extends out of the second receiving space and is positioned towards the locking assembly. A second spring is sleeved on the other end of the second moving iron core, with one end of the second spring fixed relative to the second stationary iron core and the other end of the second spring fixed relative to the other end of the second moving iron core. When the second coil is energized, the second induced magnetic field generated by the second coil is opposite in direction to and cancels out the second magnetic field of the second permanent magnet, causing the second moving iron core to move away from the second stationary iron core under the action of the second spring. When the operating handle rotates the rocker arm towards the second trip unit, the reset drive unit drives the second moving iron core to reset, causing the second permanent magnet to magnetically attract the second moving iron core, and the second moving iron core to compress the second spring, thereby restoring the second trip unit to its initial state. This technical solution provides a simple structure for the second trip unit, reducing the manufacturing cost of the switching device.

[0017] In another possible implementation, the second trip unit can be a bistable trip unit. Specifically, the second trip unit further includes a third coil assembly and a third permanent magnet assembly. The third magnetic field generated by the third permanent magnet assembly applies a fifth force to the second driving component. The third coil assembly is energized according to the second driving signal, so that the third induced magnetic field generated by the third coil assembly applies a sixth force to the second driving component, and a portion of the sixth force cancels out the fifth force, thereby driving the second driving component to move towards the latching assembly under the action of the other part of the sixth force, and driving the latching assembly to rotate from the first position to the second position. The third coil assembly is also energized according to the reset signal, so that the fourth induced magnetic field generated by the third coil assembly applies a seventh force to the second driving component, and a portion of the seventh force cancels out the fifth force, thereby driving the second driving component to reset under the action of the other part of the seventh force. In this technical solution, when an internal fault occurs, even if the operating handle is operated, the second trip unit will still lock the movement of the operating mechanism, preventing the operating mechanism from driving the moving contact to move, causing the switching device to fail to close, thereby improving the stability of the switching device in the tripped state. After the internal fault is resolved, the second drive component can be reset, allowing the latching assembly to return to and remain in the first position. Therefore, when the operating handle moves the operating mechanism, the latching assembly engages with the trip latch, enabling the switching device to close and open via the operating handle, thereby improving the stability of the switching device under normal operating conditions. By changing the direction of the current in the coil winding when energized, the stability of the switching device in both trip and normal operating states can be achieved, thus realizing a bistable state for the switching device.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the second trip unit of the bistable trip type has the following structure: a third coil assembly includes a coil winding, a first yoke, and a second yoke. The coil winding is fixed relative to the housing. The first yoke and the second yoke are disposed opposite each other at the two ends of the coil winding. A second permanent magnet assembly and a second drive component are fixedly connected. The second permanent magnet assembly is located between the first yoke and the second yoke, and includes a first magnetic pole portion and a second magnetic pole portion, which are disposed opposite to each other with opposite magnetic poles. The end of the first yoke away from the coil winding extends between the first magnetic pole portion and the second magnetic pole portion, and the end of the second yoke away from the coil winding also extends between the first magnetic pole portion and the second magnetic pole portion. The coil winding is energized according to a second drive signal, causing the third induced magnetic field generated by the coil winding to attract the first magnetic pole portion through the first yoke and repel the second magnetic pole portion. Furthermore, the third induced magnetic field generates a repulsive force on the first magnetic pole and an attractive force on the second magnetic pole through the second magnetic yoke, driving the second permanent magnet assembly to rotate in the first rotation direction and moving the second drive component, thereby locking the movement of the operating mechanism. The coil winding is also used to energize according to a reset signal, causing a fourth induced magnetic field generated by the energization of the coil winding to generate a repulsive force on the first magnetic pole and an attractive force on the second magnetic pole through the first magnetic yoke. This fourth induced magnetic field also generates an attractive force on the first magnetic pole and a repulsive force on the second magnetic pole through the second magnetic yoke, driving the second permanent magnet assembly to rotate in the second rotation direction and resetting the second drive component, thereby unlocking the movement of the operating mechanism.

[0019] In the aforementioned switching device, the driving component includes a rotating rod and a lever. The rotating rod rotates relative to the housing, is fixedly connected to the second permanent magnet assembly, and is movably connected to the lever. The lever is slidably connected to the housing. The second permanent magnet assembly drives the rotating rod to rotate, thereby driving the lever to move toward the operating mechanism and away from the operating mechanism. In this technical solution, the induced magnetic field generated by the coil winding acts on the first and second magnetic pole portions through the first and second magnetic yokes to drive the second permanent magnet assembly to move. During the movement of the second permanent magnet assembly, the rotating rod follows the rotation of the second permanent magnet assembly and drives the lever to slide, that is, converting the rotational motion into sliding motion, thereby causing the lever to move toward or away from the operating mechanism.

[0020] The movable connection between the aforementioned lever and rotating rod can be achieved through a simple structural design. In one possible implementation, the lever has an opening, and the rotating rod has a protrusion. The protrusion is accommodated within the opening, and the movable connection between the lever and rotating rod is achieved through rotation within the opening.

[0021] In another possible implementation, the driving component includes a rotating rod. The rotating rod rotates relative to the housing and is fixedly connected to a second permanent magnet assembly. The rotating rod is also fixed relative to a locking assembly. The second permanent magnet assembly drives the rotating rod to rotate, causing the locking assembly to rotate from a first position to a second position, and from the second position to the first position. Alternatively, the rotating rod is fixed relative to a rocker arm. The second permanent magnet assembly drives the rocker arm to rotate, thus limiting the movement of the rocker arm. In this technical solution, the induced magnetic field generated by the coil winding acts on the first and second magnetic pole portions through the first and second magnetic yokes to drive the movement of the second permanent magnet assembly. During the movement of the second permanent magnet assembly, the rotating rod follows the rotation of the second permanent magnet assembly and directly drives the locking assembly to rotate, thereby directly driving the locking assembly to rotate between the first and second positions. Alternatively, the rotating rod drives the rocker arm to rotate, thereby locking the position of the rocker arm.

[0022] In another possible implementation, the second trip unit of the bistable trip type has the following structure: the driving component includes a moving shaft, the second coil assembly includes a third coil and a fourth coil, and the second permanent magnet assembly includes a third permanent magnet and a fourth permanent magnet. The moving shaft slides relative to the housing and is drively connected to the operating mechanism. The third and fourth coils are connected in series and wound around the outer periphery of the moving shaft. The third and fourth permanent magnets are fixed relative to the housing and are located between the third and fourth coils. Along the sliding direction of the moving shaft, the third and fourth permanent magnets are located on opposite sides of the moving shaft. The magnetic circuit direction within the third permanent magnet is opposite to and perpendicular to the sliding direction of the fourth permanent magnet. In the portion of the moving shaft located on the side of the third permanent magnet facing the third coil, the magnetic circuit direction of the magnetic field generated by the third and fourth permanent magnets is a first direction. In the portion of the moving shaft located on the side of the third permanent magnet facing the fourth coil, the magnetic circuit direction of the magnetic field generated by the third and fourth permanent magnets is a second direction. In this design, the first direction is opposite to the second direction, and both directions are parallel to the sliding direction. The second and third coils are energized according to a second drive signal to generate a third induced magnetic field. This third induced magnetic field's magnetic path direction in the moving shaft is the same as the first direction and opposite to the second direction, causing the moving shaft to slide along the first direction and approach the operating mechanism, thereby locking the movement of the operating mechanism. The third and fourth coils are also energized according to a reset signal to generate a fourth induced magnetic field. This fourth induced magnetic field's magnetic path direction in the moving shaft is the same as the second direction and opposite to the first direction, causing the moving shaft to slide and reset along the second direction, thereby unlocking the movement of the operating mechanism. In this technical solution, even if the operating handle is operated when an internal fault occurs, the second trip unit will still lock the movement of the operating mechanism, preventing the operating mechanism from driving the moving contact and causing the switch to fail to close, thus improving the stability of the switch in the tripped state. After the internal fault is resolved, the second drive component can be reset, allowing the latching assembly to reset to the first position and remain in that position. Therefore, when the operating handle drives the operating mechanism, the locking assembly can engage with the trip latch, thereby enabling the switching device to close and open via the operating handle, thus improving the stability of the switching device under normal operating conditions. By changing the direction of the current in the coil winding when energized, the stability of the switching device can be achieved in both trip and normal operating states, thus realizing a bistable state for the switching device.

[0023] In the aforementioned switching device, the second trip unit further includes a third mounting plate and a third magnetic yoke. The third mounting plate is fixed relative to the housing. The third magnetic yoke is a U-shaped magnetic yoke, and the third mounting plate covers the opening of the U-shaped magnetic yoke, forming a third receiving space. The moving shaft, the second coil, the third coil, the second permanent magnet, and the third permanent magnet are located within the third receiving space. In one possible implementation, the third mounting plate is located on the side of the U-shaped magnetic yoke closer to the locking assembly, and the third mounting plate is provided with a first opening. One end of the moving shaft passes through the first opening and extends out of the third receiving space. In another possible implementation, the third mounting plate is located on the side of the U-shaped magnetic yoke away from the locking assembly. The U-shaped magnetic yoke includes two parallel sidewalls and a bottom wall connecting the two sidewalls, and the bottom wall is opposite to the third mounting plate. The bottom wall is provided with a second opening. One end of the moving shaft passes through the second opening and extends out of the third receiving space. In this technical solution, when the second coil and the third coil are energized, the third magnetic yoke can diffuse the induced magnetic field generated by the second coil and the third coil to the entire receiving space, so that the induced magnetic field can cover the aforementioned moving shaft.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the locking assembly includes a pull rod and a locking rod, both rotatably connected to the housing. The pull rod is located on the side of the locking rod away from the jump catch. The locking rod is used to engage or disengage with the jump catch. When the locking assembly is in a first position, a first surface of the pull rod abuts against the locking rod, engaging the locking rod with the jump catch. When the locking assembly is in a second position, a second surface of the pull rod abuts against the locking rod, disengaging the locking rod from the jump catch. When the locking assembly rotates from the first position to the second position, the locking rod slides from the first surface of the pull rod to the second surface. When the locking assembly returns to its original position from the second position, the locking rod slides from the second surface of the pull rod back to the first surface. By changing the surfaces of the pull rod and the locking rod that abut against each other, the locking rod can be engaged or disengaged from the jump catch; in practical applications, this can be achieved by rotating the pull rod.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the latching assembly is provided with a reset element, which drives the latching assembly to reset from the second position to the first position, so that the latching assembly engages with the trip latch when the operating handle moves the operating mechanism. Thus, after the first and second trip units disengage from the latching assembly, the latching assembly can be reset to the first position by the reset element, thereby waiting for the latching assembly to re-engage with the trip latch, enabling the switching device to close and open.

[0026] The specific type of switching device in this application is not limited. For example, the switching device may include a circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, or other circuit switches.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the switching device includes multiple moving contacts and multiple stationary contacts, wherein the number of moving contacts and the number of stationary contacts are equal and arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Each of the moving contacts is drively connected to a transmission component of an operating mechanism. A single moving contact and its corresponding stationary contact can form a contact assembly for connecting or disconnecting a branch. This switching device can be applied to multiple branches in a circuit.

[0028] Secondly, this application provides an inverter. The inverter includes an inverter circuit, a controller, and a switching device as described in the first aspect. The inverter circuit is electrically connected to a photovoltaic module via the switching device. The switching device is used to turn on or off the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter circuit. The controller is electrically connected to the switching device. When an external fault occurs in the inverter, the controller sends a first drive signal to the switching device. The first trip unit of the switching device is used to drive a latching assembly to rotate from a first position to a second position according to the first drive signal, so that the latching assembly is disengaged from the trip latch, thereby preventing the operating handle from controlling the operating mechanism to drive the moving contact to move, and keeping the moving contact separated from the stationary contact, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter circuit. The controller is also used to send a second drive signal to the switching device when an internal fault occurs in the inverter. The second trip unit of the switching device is used to lock the movement of the operating mechanism according to the second drive signal, so that the operating handle cannot control the operating mechanism to drive the moving contact, and keeping the moving contact separated from the stationary contact, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter circuit.

[0029] When an inverter malfunctions, its controller can send a drive signal to the switching device, causing it to trip. Internal inverter faults may be caused by inherent defects in the inverter's internal components, including but not limited to overvoltage, overcurrent, and breakdown faults. Therefore, internal inverter faults require professional maintenance personnel to resolve, and cannot be handled solely by the user. External inverter faults may be caused by environmental factors. These external environmental faults can occur either inside or outside the inverter; in this application, they are both considered external faults. External faults can be inspected and resolved by the user or the system. In both internal and external inverter faults, different trip units trip the switching device, allowing the user or system to restore tripping caused by external faults and enabling maintenance personnel to restore tripping caused by internal faults, thereby improving inverter safety. After resolving external inverter faults, the user or system can automatically close the switching device to restore the electrical connection between the inverter circuit and the photovoltaic modules. After external faults in the inverter are resolved by maintenance personnel, the personnel will then close the circuit breaker to restore the electrical connection between the inverter circuit and the photovoltaic modules. This prevents the user from closing the circuit breaker without addressing the internal issues, thus avoiding damage to the inverter. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a power system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a partial schematic diagram of a power system in Figure 1 within the dashed box;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a switching device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 is another schematic diagram of the switching device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 5 is another schematic diagram of the switching device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 6 is an exploded view of a switching device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod, and transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod and transmission mechanism in Figure 7 along the XX direction;

[0038] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the traction rod and locking rod provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 10 is another schematic diagram of the traction rod and locking rod provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod and jumper provided in the embodiment of this application when the locking assembly is in the first position;

[0041] Figure 12 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the traction rod and locking rod in Figure 11;

[0042] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod and jumper provided in the embodiment of this application when the locking assembly is in the second position;

[0043] Figure 14 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the traction rod and locking rod in Figure 13;

[0044] Figure 15 is an exploded view of the traction rod, locking rod, and transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 16 is another schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod and transmission mechanism provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 17 is another schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod and transmission mechanism provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 18 is another schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod and transmission mechanism provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the switching device provided in the embodiment of this application in the closed state;

[0049] Figure 20 is a partial schematic diagram of the switching device in Figure 19;

[0050] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the switching device provided in the embodiment of this application in the open state;

[0051] Figure 22 is a partial schematic diagram of the switching device in Figure 21;

[0052] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the switching device provided in the embodiment of this application in a tripped state;

[0053] Figure 24 is a partial schematic diagram of the switching device in Figure 23;

[0054] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic trip device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 26 is a partial schematic diagram of the second trip unit and operating mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 27 is another partial schematic diagram of the second trip unit and operating mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of a second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 29 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 30 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 31 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 32 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 33 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 34 is an exploded schematic diagram of the second trip unit in Figure 33;

[0064] Figure 35 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application being powered on;

[0066] Figure 37 is another power-on schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0067] Reference numerals: 10-Photovoltaic power generation system; 20-Power system; 21-Controller; 30-Switch device; 31-Operating handle; 32-Operating mechanism; 33-Contact assembly; 34-Traction rod; 35-Lock rod; 36-First trip unit; 37-Second trip unit; 41-Electromagnetic trip unit; 311-Knob; 321-First mounting plate; 322-Second mounting plate; 323-First spring; 324-Drive crank; 328-Reset drive part; 351-Groove; 352-Hook; 360-First drive component; 370-Second drive component; 371-Coil winding; 372-First yoke; 373-Second yoke; 374-Drive assembly; 375-Moving shaft; 376-Second coil; 377-Third coil; 378-First... Second permanent magnet 379 - Third permanent magnet 380 - Mounting plate 381 - Third yoke 411 - Moving iron core 412 - Stationary iron core 413 - First permanent magnet 414 - First coil 415 - Second spring 3211 - First groove 3221 - Second groove 3741 - Magnetic component 3742 - Drive component 3801 - First opening 3811 - Second opening 37411 - First magnetic pole part 37412 - Second magnetic pole part 37421 - Rotating rod 37422 - Lever S1 - First surface S2 - Second surface COD - Input crank DF - Input connecting rod FG - Rocker arm HE - Jumper HJ - Upper connecting rod JK - Lower connecting rod KO'L' - Output crank LL' - Output shaft Detailed Implementation

[0068] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0069] To facilitate understanding of the switching device and inverter provided in the embodiments of this application, their application scenarios are described below. The switching device and inverter provided in the embodiments of this application can be widely used in various power supply and distribution systems. In one example provided in this application, the switching device can be applied to a photovoltaic power generation system. A photovoltaic power generation system is a system that uses solar energy to generate electricity, providing people with clean and renewable energy by converting solar energy into electrical energy. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the power system provided in the embodiments of this application, and Figure 2 is a partial schematic diagram of a power system in Figure 1 within the dashed box. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the photovoltaic power generation system 10 includes an energy storage system and photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic panel strings in the photovoltaic modules convert solar energy into direct current (DC) through the photovoltaic effect. The inverter converts the DC output from the photovoltaic modules into alternating current (AC) and further transmits the AC to a prefabricated substation. The prefabricated substation converts the low-voltage AC output from the inverter into medium-voltage AC and further transmits the AC to a step-up substation, the power grid, or the prefabricated substation corresponding to the energy storage system. The energy storage system is used to store the unstable electrical energy from the photovoltaic modules. The system includes multiple battery clusters connected in parallel, which output stable electrical energy to the grid through an energy storage converter and a corresponding prefabricated substation. The power system 20 includes photovoltaic modules and an inverter. In this power system 20, the inverter includes an inverter circuit, a controller 21, and a switching device 30. The inverter circuit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic modules through the switching device 30. The switching device 30 is used to connect or disconnect the electrical connection between the photovoltaic modules and the inverter circuit. When maintenance, repair, or replacement of the battery clusters or photovoltaic panel strings is required, the electrical connection between the photovoltaic modules and the inverter circuit can be disconnected by disconnecting the switching device 30. This ensures that no danger to personnel or the inverter is posed during maintenance and repair of the electrical connection between the photovoltaic modules and the inverter circuit. Additionally, the switching device 30 can also be used for the regulation and control of the photovoltaic power generation system 10. The controller 21 is electrically connected to the switching device 30 and is used to control the switching device 30 to connect and disconnect.

[0070] The switching device 30 of this application can be applied to multiple circuits. In one embodiment, the switching device 30 includes an operating handle, an operating mechanism, multiple moving contacts, and multiple stationary contacts. The operating handle is drive-connected to the operating mechanism. The number of the multiple moving contacts and the number of the multiple stationary contacts are equal and correspond one-to-one. The multiple moving contacts are drive-connected to the operating mechanism. A single moving contact and its corresponding stationary contact can form a contact assembly and be used to connect or disconnect a circuit. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a switching device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, in one embodiment, the switching device 30 can be a rotary disconnector, which includes a multi-layer contact assembly. For example, the power system 20 includes 14 strings of photovoltaic panels, which are connected to the rotary disconnector. The rotary disconnector includes at least 12 layers of contact assemblies, each of which includes a pair of moving contacts and a pair of stationary contacts. The stationary contacts of the multi-layer contact assembly are stacked and installed by interlocking with each other through a connecting mechanism. When the operating handle is turned, the operating handle can drive the operating mechanism to move, thereby causing the operating mechanism to drive the moving contacts in each layer of the contact assembly to move and contact or separate from the stationary contacts, achieving the effect of synchronous movement.

[0071] As shown in Figure 2, when the inverter malfunctions, the controller 21 generates a drive signal and sends it to the switching device 30. This drive signal can be a tripping command sent by the controller 21 or a change in current parameters. When the switching device 30 receives the drive signal, it trips (i.e., the switching device 30 is open and the operating handle cannot be closed), disconnecting the photovoltaic modules and inverter circuit at both ends of the switching device 30. At this time, the operating mechanism inside the switching device 30 disengages from the operating handle, preventing closure. Since manually operating the handle can reconnect the operating handle to the operating mechanism, manually unlocking the device will briefly close the switching device 30 until the fault is resolved.

[0072] However, inverters may experience external or internal faults. If the inverter fault remains unresolved, the switching device will trip again after a brief period of closing. Repeated closing can damage the switching device, leading to its failure and compromising the inverter's safety and voltage output stability. Furthermore, since users cannot determine whether the fault is external or internal, closing the switching device before resolving an internal fault could result in serious damage to the inverter.

[0073] In view of this, this application provides a switching device and an inverter, which trips the switching device through different trip units when internal and external faults occur in the inverter, thereby restoring the trip caused by external faults to the user or system, and enabling maintenance personnel to restore the trip caused by internal faults, thereby improving the safety of the inverter.

[0074] It should be noted that the terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to be a limitation of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more,” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0075] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0076] As shown in Figure 2, the power system 20 includes photovoltaic modules and an inverter. The inverter includes an inverter circuit, a controller 21, and a switching device 30. The inverter circuit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic modules via the switching device 30. The switching device 30 is used to turn the photovoltaic modules and the inverter circuit on or off. The controller 21 is electrically connected to the switching device 30. In this application, internal inverter faults may be caused by inherent malfunctions in the inverter's internal equipment, including but not limited to overvoltage faults, overcurrent faults, and breakdown faults. Therefore, internal inverter faults require professional maintenance personnel to resolve and cannot be handled solely by the user. External inverter faults may be caused by external environmental faults. These external environmental faults may occur both inside and outside the inverter; in this application, they are both considered external inverter faults. External inverter faults can be inspected and resolved by the user or the system. Specifically, when an external fault occurs in the inverter, the controller 21 sends a first drive signal to the switching device 30, causing the switching device 30 to trip, thereby disconnecting the photovoltaic modules and the inverter circuit. Before the fault is resolved, the switching device 30 can reset and perform closing and opening operations, thereby turning on or off the photovoltaic modules and the inverter circuit. When an internal fault occurs in the inverter, the controller 21 sends a second drive signal to the switching device 30, causing the switching device 30 to trip, thereby disconnecting the photovoltaic modules and the inverter circuit. Only after the fault is resolved can the switching device 30 reset and perform closing and opening operations, thereby turning on or off the photovoltaic modules and the inverter circuit.

[0077] The structure of the switching device 30 will be described in detail below.

[0078] Figure 4 is another schematic diagram of the switching device provided in an embodiment of this application, Figure 5 is another schematic diagram of the switching device provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 6 is an exploded view of the switching device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, the switching device 30 includes a housing (not shown in the figures), an operating handle 31, an operating mechanism 32, a contact assembly 33, a first trip unit 36, and a second trip unit 37. The operating handle 31, the operating mechanism 32, the contact assembly 33, the first trip unit 36, and the second trip unit 37 are located inside the housing. The contact assembly 33 includes a moving contact 331 and a stationary contact (not shown in the figures). Specifically, the operating handle 31 is drivenly connected to the operating mechanism 32. At least a portion of the operating handle 31 extending away from the operating mechanism 32 extends out of the housing to allow the user to perform closing or opening operations. The operating mechanism 32 is drivenly connected to the moving contact 331, and the operating handle 31 is used to control the operating mechanism 32 to drive the moving contact 331 to move, so that the moving contact 331 can contact or separate from the stationary contact. In one embodiment, the end of the operating handle 31 furthest from the operating mechanism 32 can extend out of the housing, allowing the operator to push the operating handle 31 to perform closing and opening operations. In another embodiment, a knob 311 is provided on the outer surface of the housing to manually operate the switch device 30 to close and open. Specifically, the end of the operating handle 31 furthest from the operating mechanism 32 extends out of the housing and is connected to the knob 311. When the operator manually operates the knob, rotating the knob 311 moves the operating handle 31. In another embodiment, the switch device 30 may also include a remote controller and an electric operating device. The electric operating device is connected to the operating handle 31 and the remote controller to electrically operate the switch device 30 to close and open. When the operator electrically operates the device, a closing command or an opening command is sent to the remote controller. The remote controller can control the electric operating device to push the operating handle 31. In this embodiment, the operator can issue commands by approaching the switch device 30 or by issuing commands remotely via a communication device. The operating mechanism 32 includes a locking assembly and a transmission assembly. The locking assembly includes a pull rod 34 and a locking lever 35. The transmission assembly includes a jumper (HE).

[0079] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod, and transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod, and transmission mechanism in Figure 7 along the XX direction. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the traction rod 34 and locking rod 35 are disposed close to the operating mechanism 32, and the traction rod 34 and locking rod 35 rotate relative to the housing. That is, the rotation center A of the traction rod 34 and the rotation center B of the locking rod 35 do not overlap. The locking rod 35 is used to engage or disengage with the jump buckle HE. The traction rod 34 is located on the side of the locking rod 35 away from the jump buckle HE, and the traction rod 34 abuts against the locking rod 35.

[0080] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the traction rod and locking rod provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 10 is another schematic diagram of the traction rod and locking rod provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the locking rod 35 is provided with a groove 351. The jump buckle HE is provided with a hook 352 on the side near the locking rod 35. The hook 352 can hook into the groove 351, thereby realizing the engagement of the locking rod 35 and the jump buckle HE.

[0081] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod, and jump buckle provided in the embodiment of this application when the locking assembly is in the first position, and Figure 12 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the traction rod and locking rod in Figure 11. As shown in Figures 11 and 12, when the locking assembly is in the first position, the locking assembly and the jump buckle HE are engaged, so that the operating handle 31 can control the operating mechanism 32 to drive the moving contact 331 to move, thereby causing the moving contact 331 to contact or separate from the stationary contact. Specifically, the first surface S1 of the traction rod 34 abuts against the locking rod 35 so that the locking rod 35 and the jump buckle HE are engaged. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod, and jump buckle provided in the embodiment of this application when the locking assembly is in the second position, and Figure 14 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the traction rod and locking rod in Figure 13. As shown in Figures 13 and 14, when the locking assembly is in the second position, it disengages from the jump catch HE, thereby disengaging the operating handle 31 from the transmission assembly. This prevents the operating handle 31 from controlling the operating mechanism 32 to move the moving contact 331, keeping the moving contact 331 separated from the stationary contact. Specifically, the second surface S2 of the traction rod 34 abuts against the locking rod 35, disengaging the locking rod 35 from the jump catch HE. The first surface S1 and the second surface S2 of the traction rod 34 are adjacent to each other. The first release device 36, or the first release device 36 and the second release device 37, can drive the traction rod 34 to rotate counterclockwise around point A, causing the locking assembly to rotate from the first position to the second position. During the rotation of the locking assembly from the first position to the second position, the traction rod 34 drives the locking rod 35 to rotate counterclockwise around point B. The locking rod 35 slides from the first surface S1 to the second surface S2 of the traction rod 321, ultimately separating the locking rod 35 from the jump catch HE.

[0082] Figure 15 is an exploded view of the traction rod, locking rod, and transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figures 7, 8, and 15, the operating mechanism 32 further includes a first mounting plate 321 and a second mounting plate 322. The transmission assembly also includes an input crank COD, an input connecting rod DF, a rocker arm FG, an upper connecting rod HJ, a lower connecting rod JK, an output crank KO'L', an output shaft LL', and a first spring 323. The first mounting plate 321 and the second mounting plate 322 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first mounting plate 321 and the second mounting plate 322 are respectively fixed relative to the housing. The operating handle 31 passes through the first mounting plate 321 and the second mounting plate 322, with one end of the operating handle 31 located on the side of the first mounting plate 321 away from the second mounting plate 322. The input crank COD and the input connecting rod DF are both located on the side of the first mounting plate 321 away from the second mounting plate 322. The jumper HE, rocker arm FG, upper connecting rod HJ, lower connecting rod JK, and output crank KO'L' are all located between the first mounting plate 321 and the second mounting plate 322.

[0083] Figure 16 is another schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod, and transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 16, specifically, the operating handle 31 can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the first mounting plate 321 and the second mounting plate 322. The input crank COD is sleeved on the operating handle 31 and is fixedly connected to the operating handle 31. Thus, when the operating handle 31 rotates, the input crank COD can rotate with the operating handle 31 around point O relative to the first mounting plate 321. One end of the input connecting rod DF is rotatably connected to the input crank COD at point D, and the other end of the input connecting rod DF is rotatably connected to the rocker arm FG at point F. The rocker arm FG is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate 323 and the second mounting plate 324 at point G, so that the rocker arm FG can rotate around G relative to the first mounting plate 321 and the second mounting plate 322. The rocker arm FG is provided with a reset drive unit 328. When the traction rod 321 is in the first position and the locking rod 322 is separated from the trip lock HE, the drive operating handle 31 is rotated to drive the rocker arm FG to rotate in the direction close to the first trip unit 34, thereby causing the reset drive unit 328 to drive the drive component of the first trip unit 34 to reset.

[0084] Figure 17 is another schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod, and transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 18 is another schematic diagram of the traction rod, locking rod, and transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figures 17 and 18, the jump buckle HE is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate 323 and the second mounting plate 324 at point E, so that the jump buckle HE can rotate around point E relative to the first mounting plate 321 and the second mounting plate 322. The jump buckle HE is rotatably connected to one end of the upper connecting rod HJ at point H. The other end of the upper connecting rod HJ is rotatably connected to one end of the lower connecting rod JK at point J. The other end of the lower connecting rod JK is rotatably connected to the output crank KO'L' at point K. The output crank KO'L' is coaxially arranged with the operating handle 31, and the output crank KO'L' can rotate around point O' relative to the second mounting plate 322. The output shaft LL' is fixedly connected to the output crank KO'L' at point L. The first mounting plate 321 is provided with a first sliding groove 3211, and the second mounting plate 322 is provided with a second sliding groove 3221. As shown in Figures 15 and 17, the output shaft LL' passes through the first slide groove 3211 and the second slide groove 3221, and the output shaft LL' can slide simultaneously within the first slide groove 3211 and the second slide groove 3221. One end of the first spring 323 is fixed relative to the rocker arm FG at point P. The upper connecting rod HJ and the lower connecting rod JK are rotatably connected at point J via a rotating shaft, and the other end of the first spring 323 can be fixed relative to this rotating shaft at point J.

[0085] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the operating mechanism 32 also includes a drive crank 324, which is located on the side of the second mounting plate 322 opposite to the first mounting plate 321. The drive crank 324 is coaxially arranged with the operating handle 31 and can rotate about point O' relative to the second mounting plate 322. One end of the output shaft LL' passes through the second slide groove 3221 and is fixedly connected to the drive crank 324, so that when the output shaft LL' slides in the second slide groove 3221, the drive crank 324 follows the output shaft LL' and rotates about point O'. The drive crank 324 is fixedly connected to the moving contact 331, so that the drive crank 324 can drive the moving contact 331 to rotate.

[0086] In one embodiment, the traction rod 34 is provided with a reset member, which drives the latch assembly to rotate from a second position to a first position, so that the latch rod 35 engages with the traction rod 34 when the operating handle 31 drives the operating mechanism 32. Thus, after the first trip unit 36 ​​and the second trip unit 37 disengage from the traction rod 34, the latch assembly can be reset to the first position under the action of the reset member, thereby waiting for the latch rod 35 to re-engage with the trip unit HE, enabling the switching device 30 to close and open.

[0087] The first trip unit 36 ​​includes a first drive component 360. The first trip unit 36 ​​is used to drive the first drive component 360 to rotate the latch assembly from a first position to a second position according to a first drive signal, so that the latch assembly remains disengaged from the trip latch HE. When the operating handle 31 rotates the rocker arm FG in a direction close to the first trip unit 36, the reset drive unit moves toward the first drive component 360 and drives the first drive component 360 to reset, so that the latch assembly can be reset from the second position to the first position. Simultaneously, as the operating handle 31 rotates the rocker arm FG in a direction close to the first trip unit 36, the rocker arm FG can drive the trip latch HE to rotate toward the latch assembly, so that the trip latch HE engages with the latch assembly, allowing the operating handle 31 to control the operating mechanism 32 to move the moving contact 331. The second trip unit 37 includes a second drive component 370. The second trip unit 37 is used to lock the movement of the operating mechanism 32 by the second driving component 370 according to the second driving signal, so that the operating handle 31 cannot control the operating mechanism 32 to drive the moving contact 331 to move, and keeps the moving contact 331 separated from the stationary contact.

[0088] The following is a detailed description of the closing, opening, and tripping operations of the switching device 30.

[0089] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the switching device provided in the embodiment of this application in the closed state, and Figure 20 is a partial schematic diagram of the switching device in Figure 19. As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the switching device 30 is in the closed state, and the moving contact 331 and the stationary contact are in contact. At this time, the latch assembly is in the first position, and the hook 352 hooks the groove 351, so that the latch rod 35 is engaged with the jumper HE. In this way, the jumper HE remains stationary. One end of the first spring 323 is located at point P, and point P is located to the right of the upper connecting rod HJ. The other end of the first spring 323 is located at point J, so that the first spring 323 applies a rightward force to the rotation axis of point J. If the rocker arm FG continues to rotate clockwise around point G from the position in Figure 20, point P can continue to move to the right. In this case, the lower connecting rod JK has a tendency to move clockwise under the action of the first spring 323, that is, point K has a tendency to move clockwise around O', so that the output crank KO'L' has a tendency to rotate clockwise around point O'. However, the first slide 3211 and the second slide 3221 limit the rotation of the output shaft LL', thereby sequentially limiting the movement of the output crank KO'L', the lower connecting rod JK, the upper connecting rod HJ, and the rocker arm FG, so that the rocker arm FG is kept in the position shown in Figure 20, and the switch device 30 is kept in the closed state.

[0090] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the switching device provided in the embodiment of this application in the open state, and Figure 22 is a partial schematic diagram of the switching device in Figure 21. As shown in Figures 21 and 22, the switching device 30 is in the open state, and the moving contact 331 and the stationary contact are separated. At this time, the latching assembly is in the first position, and the hook 352 hooks the groove 351, so that the latching rod 35 is engaged with the trip latch HE. In this way, the trip latch HE remains stationary.

[0091] When the switching device 30 switches from the closed state to the open state, the operating handle 31 rotates counterclockwise around point O, thereby causing the input crank COD to rotate counterclockwise around point O in tandem with the operating handle 31. During the counterclockwise rotation of the input crank COD, point D moves to the right and causes point F to move to the upper right, which in turn causes the rocker arm FG to rotate counterclockwise around point G. During the counterclockwise rotation of the rocker arm FG around point G, point P of the first spring 323 moves from the right side of the upper connecting rod HJ to the left side of the upper connecting rod HJ. When point P is located on the left side of the upper connecting rod HJ, the first spring 323 applies a leftward force to the rotation axis of point J, thereby causing point J to move to the upper left, which in turn causes the lower connecting rod JK to move counterclockwise. During the counterclockwise movement of the lower connecting rod JK, the output crank KO'L' rotates clockwise around point O', causing the moving contact 331 to rotate clockwise and separate from the stationary contact.

[0092] When the switching device 30 switches from the open state to the closed state, the operating handle 31 rotates clockwise around point O, thereby causing the input crank COD to rotate clockwise around point O in tandem with the operating handle 31. During the clockwise rotation of the input crank COD, point D moves to the left and causes point F to move to the lower left, which in turn causes the rocker arm FG to rotate clockwise around point G. During the clockwise rotation of the rocker arm FG around point G, point P of the first spring 323 moves from the left side of the upper connecting rod HJ to the right side of the upper connecting rod HJ. When point P is located on the right side of the upper connecting rod HJ, the first spring 323 applies a rightward force to the rotation axis of point J, thereby causing point J to move to the lower right, which in turn causes the lower connecting rod JK to move clockwise. During the clockwise movement of the lower connecting rod JK, the output crank KO'L' rotates counterclockwise around point O', causing the moving contact 331 to rotate counterclockwise and contact the stationary contact.

[0093] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the switching device provided in the embodiment of this application in a tripped state, and Figure 24 is a partial schematic diagram of the switching device in Figure 23. As shown in Figures 23 and 24, the switching device 30 is in a tripped state, with the moving contact 331 and the stationary contact separated. At this time, the traction rod 34 is in the second position, and the hook 352 disengages from the groove 351, causing the locking rod 35 to disengage from the trip latch HE. When the switching device 30 switches from the closed state to the tripped state, the first trip unit 36 ​​and / or the second trip unit 37 drive the traction rod 34 to rotate counterclockwise around point A, thereby reducing the force of the traction rod 34 against the locking rod 35, causing the locking rod 35 to rotate counterclockwise around point B, and thus disengaging the locking rod 35 from the trip latch HE. At the instant the trip latch HE disengages from the locking rod 35, the trip latch HE rotates clockwise around point E, causing point H to move to the right. During the clockwise rotation of the trip button HE, the upper connecting rod HJ is driven to move clockwise, causing point J to move to the upper left, which in turn drives the lower connecting rod JK to move counterclockwise. During the counterclockwise movement of the lower connecting rod JK, the output crank KO'L' rotates clockwise around point O', causing the moving contact 331 to rotate clockwise and separate from the stationary contact, thus tripping the switching device 30.

[0094] When the switching device 30 switches from the tripped state to the open state, rotating the operating handle 31 simultaneously resets the first drive component 360 and engages the locking lever 322 with the trip latch HE. Specifically, the operating handle 31 rotates counterclockwise around point O, causing the input crank COD to follow the operating handle 31 in a counterclockwise rotation around point O. During the counterclockwise rotation of the input crank COD, point D moves to the right and causes point F to move to the upper right, thereby causing the rocker arm FG to rotate counterclockwise around point G. During the counterclockwise rotation of the rocker arm FG, the reset drive unit 328 drives the first drive component 360 of the first trip unit 36 ​​to reset; simultaneously, the rocker arm FG, through the first spring 326, causes the trip latch HE to rotate counterclockwise around point E, causing the hook 3222 to engage the groove 3221, thus engaging the locking lever 322 with the trip latch HE. In this way, the switching device 30 switches from the tripped state to the open state.

[0095] In the switching device 30 of this application, when the locking assembly is in the first position, the traction rod 34 can abut against the locking rod 35 and keep the locking rod 35 engaged with the trip lock HE, so that the operating handle 31 can control the operating mechanism 32 to drive the moving contact 331 to move, thereby causing the moving contact 331 to contact or separate from the stationary contact. When the locking assembly is in the second position, the locking rod 35 disengages from the trip lock HE, so that the operating handle 31 is disengaged from the operating mechanism 32, thereby preventing the operating handle 31 from controlling the operating mechanism 32 to drive the moving contact 331 and keeping the moving contact 331 separated from the stationary contact. When an external fault occurs in the inverter, the controller 21 sends a first drive signal to the switching device 30. The first trip unit 36 ​​is used to drive the locking assembly from the first position to the second position according to the first drive signal, so that the locking rod 35 remains disengaged from the trip lock HE. In this way, the operating handle 31 cannot control the operating mechanism 32 to drive the moving contact 331 to move, thereby keeping the moving contact 331 and the stationary contact separated. Before the fault is resolved, driving the operating handle 31 can reset the rocker arm FG to the first driving component 360, thereby allowing the latch assembly to reset from the second position to the first position. This ensures that the latch lever 35 can engage with the trip latch HE when the operating handle 31 moves the operating mechanism 32. Therefore, after user testing or system self-testing, and after other faults are resolved, the user or system can automatically close the switch device 30 to restore the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter circuit.

[0096] When an internal fault occurs in the inverter, the controller 21 sends a second drive signal to the switching device 30. The second trip unit 37 drives the latching assembly from a first position to a second position according to the second drive signal, so that the latching lever 35 remains disengaged from the trip lock HE. In one embodiment, after the fault is resolved, driving the operating handle 31 resets the rocker arm FG to reset the second drive component 370, thereby resetting the latching assembly from the second position to the first position, so that the latching lever 35 can engage with the trip lock HE when the operating handle 31 moves the operating mechanism 32. In another embodiment, after the fault is resolved, the controller 21 sends a reset signal to the switching device 30. The second trip unit 37 resets the second drive component 370 according to the reset signal, so that the latching assembly can reset from the second position to the first position, so that the latching lever 35 can engage with the trip lock HE when the operating handle 31 moves the operating mechanism 32. Therefore, after the maintenance personnel resolve the internal fault, they close the switching device 30 to restore the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter circuit. This prevents the user from closing the switch 30 without resolving the internal issues, thus preventing damage to the inverter.

[0097] The aforementioned second trip unit 37 can disengage the operating handle 31 from the operating mechanism 32 by switching the position of the locking assembly. The principle of the second drive component 370 driving the traction rod 34 is similar to that of the first drive component 360 driving the traction rod 34, and will not be repeated here. When the switch device 30 switches from the tripped state to the open state, rotating the operating handle 31 simultaneously resets the second drive component 370 and engages the locking rod 322 with the trip lock HE. Specifically, driving the operating handle 31 to rotate counterclockwise around point O causes the input crank COD to follow the operating handle 31 and rotate counterclockwise around point O. During the counterclockwise rotation of the input crank COD, point D moves to the right and causes point F to move to the upper right, thereby causing the rocker arm FG to rotate counterclockwise around point G. During the counterclockwise rotation of the rocker arm FG, the reset drive unit 328 drives the second drive component 370 of the second trip unit 37 to reset; simultaneously, the rocker arm FG, through the first spring 326, drives the trip latch HE to rotate counterclockwise around point E, thereby causing the hook 3222 to hook the groove 3221, and causing the locking rod 322 to engage with the trip latch HE. Thus, the switchgear 30 switches from the tripped state to the open state. In another embodiment, the second trip unit 37 can also achieve the tripping of the switchgear 30 by locking the movement of the transmission assembly. In this embodiment, when an internal and / or external fault occurs in the inverter, the controller 21 sends a drive signal to the switchgear 30, and the first trip unit 36 ​​drives the traction rod 34 to rotate according to the corresponding drive signal. The second trip unit 37 locks the transmission assembly according to the corresponding drive signal.

[0098] In the embodiments of this application, both the first trip unit 36 ​​and the second trip unit 37 can be electromagnetic trip units. Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 25, the electromagnetic trip unit 41 may include a moving iron core 411, a stationary iron core 412, a first permanent magnet 413, a first coil 414, and a second spring 415. The stationary iron core 412 has a first receiving space. One end of the moving iron core 411, the first permanent magnet 413, and the first coil 414 are located within the first receiving space. The first permanent magnet 413 is located at one end of the moving iron core 411, and the first coil 414 is sleeved on the moving iron core 411. The other end of the moving iron core 411 extends out of the first receiving space and is positioned towards the traction rod 34. The second spring 415 is sleeved on the other end of the moving iron core 411. One end of the second spring 415 is fixed relative to the stationary iron core 412, and the other end of the second spring 415 is fixed relative to the other end of the moving iron core 411. The electromagnetic trip unit 41 is used to energize the first coil 414 according to the first drive signal and / or the second drive signal, generating a first induced magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field direction of the first permanent magnet 413, so that the moving iron core 411 moves towards the traction rod 34 (vertically upward in Figure 25) under the action of the second spring 415, and drives the locking assembly to rotate from the first position to the second position. In this embodiment, the first trip unit 36 ​​can be the electromagnetic trip unit 41, or the second trip unit 37 can be the electromagnetic trip unit 41, or both the first trip unit 36 ​​and the second trip unit 37 can be electromagnetic trip units 41. When the electromagnetic trip unit 41 is in the initial state (as shown in the left side of Figure 25), the first permanent magnet 413 magnetically attracts the moving iron core 411 and compresses the second spring 415. When the first coil 414 is energized, the first induced magnetic field generated by the first coil 414 cancels out the magnetic field of the first permanent magnet 413. Therefore, the second spring 415 drives the other end of the moving iron core 411 to move away from the stationary iron core 412, thereby causing the moving iron core 411 to move toward the traction rod 34 (as shown in the right side of Figure 25). When the first drive signal or the second drive signal disappears, the first coil 414 is not energized, and the moving iron core 411 remains in the position abutting against the traction rod 34. When the switching device 30 receives the first reset signal or the second reset signal, it can manually drive the moving iron core 411 to move in the opposite direction, so that the first permanent magnet 413 magnetically attracts the moving iron core 411 and compresses the second spring 415.

[0099] In one embodiment, the moving iron core 411 of the second trip unit 37 can lock the movement of the transmission assembly. Figure 26 is a partial schematic diagram of the second trip unit and operating mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 26, in another embodiment, the second trip unit 37 is located on the side of the second mounting plate 322 opposite to the first mounting plate 321, and the other end of the moving iron core 411 is disposed facing the second mounting plate 322. When the moving iron core 411 of the second trip unit 37 moves in a direction away from the stationary iron core 412, the moving iron core 411 extends between the rocker arm FG and the first mounting plate 321, or between the rocker arm FG and the second mounting plate 322, to limit the rotation of the rocker arm FG, thereby locking the position of the rocker arm FG. Figure 27 is another partial schematic diagram of the second trip unit and operating mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 27, in another embodiment, the second trip unit 37 is located on the side of the second mounting plate 322 opposite to the first mounting plate 321, and the other end of the moving iron core 411 is disposed facing the second mounting plate 322. When the moving iron core 411 of the second trip unit 37 moves away from the stationary iron core 412, the moving iron core 411 extends into the first slide groove 3211 or the second slide groove 322 to limit the sliding of the output shaft LL' within the first slide groove 3211 or the second slide groove 322, thereby locking the position of the output shaft LL'.

[0100] In another embodiment, the second trip unit 37 can be a bistable trip unit. Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of a second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 28, the second trip unit 37 includes a coil winding 371, a first magnetic yoke 372, a second magnetic yoke 373, and a drive assembly 374. The coil winding 371 is fixed relative to the housing. The first magnetic yoke 372 and the second magnetic yoke 373 are disposed opposite to each other at both ends of the coil winding 371. The drive assembly 374 includes a magnetic component 3741 and a drive component 3742 fixedly connected. The magnetic component 3741 is located between the first magnetic yoke 372 and the second magnetic yoke 373, and the magnetic component 3741 includes a first magnetic pole portion 37411 and a second magnetic pole portion 37412, which are disposed opposite to each other and have opposite magnetic poles. The first magnetic yoke 372 extends from one end away from the coil winding 371 to between the first magnetic pole portion 37411 and the second magnetic pole portion 37412, and the second magnetic yoke 373 extends from one end away from the coil winding 371 to between the first magnetic pole portion 37411 and the second magnetic pole portion 37412. The drive component 3742 is connected to the traction rod 34 for transmission. Figure 29 is another schematic diagram of the second trip device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 29, the second trip unit 37 is used to energize the coil winding 371 and generate a first induced magnetic field according to the second drive signal, so that the first magnetic yoke 372 attracts the first magnetic pole portion 37411 and repels the second magnetic pole portion 37412; and the second magnetic yoke 373 repels the first magnetic pole portion 37411 and attracts the second magnetic pole portion 37412, thereby driving the magnetic component 3741 to rotate in the first rotation direction and driving the driving component 3742 to move, so that the driving component 3742 abuts against the traction rod 34 and drives the locking component to rotate from the first position to the second position. Figure 30 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in the embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 30, the second trip unit 37 is also used to energize the coil winding 371 and generate a second induced magnetic field according to the second reset signal, so that the first magnetic yoke 372 generates a repulsive force on the first magnetic pole portion 37411 and an attractive force on the second magnetic pole portion 37412; and to generate an attractive force on the first magnetic pole portion 37411 and a repulsive force on the second magnetic pole portion 37412, so as to drive the magnetic component 3741 to rotate in the second rotation direction and drive the driving component 3742 to move, thereby enabling the latching assembly to reset from the second position to the first position. In this embodiment, when an internal fault occurs in the inverter, even if the operating handle 31 is operated, the second trip unit 37 will still disengage the latching rod 35 from the trip latch HE, so that the operating mechanism 32 cannot drive the moving contact 331 to move, causing the switching device 30 to fail to close, thereby improving the stability of the switching device 30 in the tripped state. After the internal fault is resolved, the latching assembly can be reset to the first position and remain in the first position.Therefore, when the operating handle 31 drives the operating mechanism 32 to move, the locking lever 35 can engage with the trip latch HE, thereby enabling the switching device 30 to close and open via the operating handle 31, thus improving the stability of the switching device 30 under normal operating conditions. By changing the direction of the current in the coil winding 371 when energized, the stability of the switching device 30 under trip and normal operating conditions can be achieved, thereby realizing the bistable state of the switching device 30.

[0101] In the aforementioned switching device 30, the driving component 3742 includes a rotating rod 37421 and a lever 37422. The rotating rod 37421 rotates relative to the housing, is fixedly connected to the magnetic component 3741, and is movably connected to the lever 37422. The lever 37422 is slidably connected to the housing. The magnetic component 3741 drives the rotating rod 37421 to rotate, thereby driving the lever 37422 to move toward the traction rod 34 and abut against the traction rod 34, thus driving the locking assembly to rotate from a first position to a second position, and to drive the lever 37422 to move away from the traction rod 34 and disengage from the traction rod 34, so that the locking assembly can be reset from the second position to the first position. In this embodiment, the induced magnetic field generated by the coil winding 371 acts on the first magnetic pole portion 37411 and the second magnetic pole portion 37412 through the first magnetic yoke 372 and the second magnetic yoke 373 to drive the magnetic component 3741 to move. During the movement of the magnetic component 3741, the rotating rod 37421 rotates with the magnetic component 3741 and drives the lever 37422 to slide, that is, the rotational motion is converted into sliding motion, so that the lever 37422 moves toward or away from the traction rod 34.

[0102] The movable connection between the lever 37422 and the rotating rod 37421 can be achieved through a simple structural design. In one embodiment, the lever 37422 has an opening, and the rotating rod 37421 has a protrusion. The protrusion is accommodated within the opening, and the movable connection between the lever 37422 and the rotating rod 37421 is achieved by rotation within the opening.

[0103] Figure 31 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 32 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figures 31 and 32, in another embodiment, the driving component 3742 includes a rotating rod 37421. The rotating rod 37421 rotates relative to the housing, is fixedly connected to the magnetic component 3741, and is fixedly relative to the traction rod 34. The magnetic component 3741 is used to drive the rotating rod 37421 to rotate, so that the locking component rotates from a first position to a second position, and from a second position to a first position. In this embodiment, the induced magnetic field generated by the coil winding 371 acts on the first magnetic pole portion 37411 and the second magnetic pole portion 37412 through the first magnetic yoke 372 and the second magnetic yoke 373 to drive the magnetic component 3741 to move. During the movement of the magnetic component 3741, the rotating rod 37421 follows the magnetic component 3741 and directly drives the traction rod 34 to rotate, thereby directly driving the locking component to rotate between the first position and the second position.

[0104] Figure 33 is another schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 34 is an exploded view of the second trip unit in Figure 33. As shown in Figures 33 and 34, in another embodiment, the bistable trip unit of the second trip unit 37 can also have other structures. Specifically, the second trip unit 37 includes a moving shaft 375, a second coil 376, a third coil 377, a second permanent magnet 378, and a third permanent magnet 379. The moving shaft 375 slides relative to the housing and is connected to the traction rod 34. The second coil 376 and the third coil 377 are connected in series and wound around the outer periphery of the moving shaft 375. The second permanent magnet 378 and the third permanent magnet 379 are respectively fixed relative to the housing and are located between the second coil 376 and the third coil 377. Along the sliding direction of the moving shaft 375, the second permanent magnet 378 and the third permanent magnet 379 are located on opposite sides of the moving shaft 375. The magnetic circuit direction within the second permanent magnet 378 is opposite to and perpendicular to the sliding direction of the magnetic circuit direction within the third permanent magnet 379. Figure 35 is another schematic diagram of the second trip device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 35, in the portion of the moving shaft 375 located on the side of the second permanent magnet 378 facing the second coil 376, the magnetic circuit direction of the magnetic field generated by the second permanent magnet 378 and the third permanent magnet 379 is a first direction. In the portion of the moving shaft 375 located on the side of the second permanent magnet 378 facing the third coil 377, the magnetic circuit direction of the magnetic field generated by the second permanent magnet 378 and the third permanent magnet 379 is a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are opposite, and both directions are parallel to the sliding direction. The second trip unit 37 is used to energize the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 according to the second drive signal, generating a first induced magnetic field. This causes the magnetic path direction of the first induced magnetic field in the moving shaft 375 to be the same as the first direction and opposite to the second direction, causing the moving shaft 375 to slide along the first direction and abut against the traction rod 34, thereby rotating the locking assembly from the first position to the second position. The second trip unit 37 is also used to energize the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 according to the second reset signal, generating a second induced magnetic field. This causes the magnetic path direction of the second induced magnetic field in the moving shaft 375 to be the same as the second direction and opposite to the first direction, causing the moving shaft 375 to slide along the second direction and disengage from the traction rod 34, thereby resetting the locking assembly from the second position to the first position. In this embodiment, even if the operating handle 31 is operated in the event of an internal fault, the trip unit will still disengage the traction rod 34 from the locking rod 35, preventing the operating mechanism 32 from moving the moving contact 331 and causing the switching device 30 to fail to close, thus improving the stability of the switching device 30 in the tripped state. After the internal fault is resolved, the latch assembly can be reset to the first position and remain in the first position.Therefore, when the operating handle 31 drives the operating mechanism 32 to move, the locking lever 35 can engage with the trip latch HE, thereby enabling the switching device 30 to close and open via the operating handle 31, thus improving the stability of the switching device 30 under normal operating conditions. By changing the direction of the current in the coil winding when energized, the stability of the switching device 30 under trip and normal operating conditions can be achieved, thereby realizing the bistable state of the switching device 30.

[0105] In the aforementioned switching device 30, the second trip unit 37 may further include a mounting plate 380 and a third magnetic yoke 381. The mounting plate 380 is fixed relative to the housing, and the third magnetic yoke 381 is a U-shaped magnetic yoke. The mounting plate 380 covers the opening of the U-shaped magnetic yoke and forms a second receiving space. The moving shaft 375, the first coil, the second coil 376, the first permanent magnet, and the second permanent magnet 378 are located within the second receiving space. In one embodiment, the mounting plate 380 is located on the side of the U-shaped magnetic yoke closer to the traction rod 34, and the mounting plate 380 is provided with a first opening 3801. One end of the moving shaft 375 passes through the first opening 3801 and extends out of the second receiving space. In another embodiment, the mounting plate 380 is located on the side of the U-shaped magnetic yoke away from the traction rod 34. The U-shaped magnetic yoke includes two parallel sidewalls and a bottom wall connecting the two sidewalls, and the bottom wall is disposed opposite to the mounting plate 380. The bottom wall is provided with a second opening 3811. One end of the movable shaft 375 passes through the second opening 3811 and extends out of the second receiving space. In another embodiment, the mounting plate 380 is provided with a first opening 3801. The U-shaped magnetic yoke includes two parallel sidewalls and a bottom wall connecting the two sidewalls, the bottom wall being disposed opposite to the mounting plate 380. The bottom wall is provided with a second opening 3811. One of the first opening 3801 and the second opening 3811 is disposed near the traction rod 34. One end of the movable shaft 375 passes through the first opening 3801 and extends out of the second receiving space, and the other end passes through the second opening 3811 and extends out of the second receiving space. In the above embodiment, when the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 are energized, the third magnetic yoke 381 can diffuse the induced magnetic field generated by the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 to the entire second receiving space, so that the induced magnetic field can cover the movable shaft 375.

[0106] Similarly, when the second trip unit 37 is a bistable trip unit, in one embodiment, the lever 37422 or the moving shaft 375 of the second trip unit 37 can directly switch the position of the traction rod 34. In another embodiment, the lever 37422 or the moving shaft 375 of the second trip unit 37 can extend between the rocker arm FG and the first mounting plate 321, or between the rocker arm FG and the second mounting plate 322, to limit the rotation of the rocker arm FG, thereby locking the position of the rocker arm FG. In another embodiment, when the moving iron core 411 of the second trip unit 37 moves away from the stationary iron core 412, the lever 37422 or the moving shaft 375 of the second trip unit 37 can extend into the first slide groove 3211 or the second slide groove 322 to limit the sliding of the output shaft LL' within the first slide groove 3211 or the second slide groove 322, thereby locking the position of the output shaft LL'. In another embodiment, the rotating rod 37421 of the second trip unit 37 can be fixedly connected to the rocker arm FG, thereby directly limiting the rotation of the rocker arm FG through the rotating rod 37421, thus locking the position of the rocker arm FG. In another embodiment, the rotating rod 37421 of the second trip unit 37 can be fixedly connected to the output shaft LL', thereby directly limiting the sliding of the output shaft LL' within the first slide groove 3211 and the second slide groove 322 through the rotating rod 37421, thus locking the position of the output shaft LL'.

[0107] Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 36, when the second trip unit 37 receives the second reset signal, the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 are energized, and the current direction of the coils is the first current direction. In this embodiment, the magnetic field generated by the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 has the same magnetic circuit direction in the moving shaft 375 as the first direction. Thus, the induced magnetic field generated by the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 acts on the third force F3 in the moving shaft 375, part of which is superimposed with the first force F1, and the other part is canceled by the second force F2 (as shown by the dashed arrow). Thus, the superimposed force is greater than the canceled force, which can make the moving shaft 375 slide along the first direction and remain in contact with the locking assembly, so that the locking assembly is disengaged and unlocked from the trip unit HE.

[0108] Figure 37 is another energized schematic diagram of the second trip unit provided in this application embodiment. As shown in Figure 37, when the second trip unit 37 receives the second drive signal, the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 are energized, and the current direction of the coils is the second current direction. Since the first current direction is opposite to the second current direction, the induced electric fields generated by the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 after a circuit fault and after the fault is resolved are different, thereby driving the moving shaft 375 to perform different movements. Therefore, the second trip unit 37 can distinguish between the second drive signal and the second reset signal by setting the current direction. In this embodiment, the induced magnetic field generated by the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 has the same magnetic circuit direction in the moving shaft 375 as the second direction. Thus, the induced magnetic field generated by the second coil 376 and the third coil 377 acts on the third force F3 in the moving shaft 375, partly superimposed on the second force F2, and partly canceled out by the first force F1 (as shown by the dashed arrow). In this way, the superimposed force is greater than the canceled force, which allows the moving shaft 375 to slide along the second direction and remain in the second position, thereby locking the locking operation mechanism 32. Thus, until the fault is cleared, the second trip unit 37 remains in the locked state, preventing manual operation from closing the circuit, thereby ensuring circuit safety.

[0109] The magnetic field generated by the second permanent magnet 378 has a magnetic circuit direction within the second permanent magnet 378 that is opposite to the magnetic circuit direction of the magnetic field generated by the third permanent magnet 379 within the third permanent magnet 379. Specifically, in one embodiment, the magnetic pole of the end of the second permanent magnet 378 facing the third permanent magnet 379 is the N pole, and the magnetic pole of the end of the third permanent magnet 379 facing the second permanent magnet 378 is the N pole. In another embodiment, the magnetic pole of the end of the second permanent magnet 378 facing the third permanent magnet 379 is the S pole, and the magnetic pole of the end of the third permanent magnet 379 facing the second permanent magnet 378 is the S pole.

[0110] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the switching device 30 can be a disconnecting switch, a circuit breaker, a load switch, or other types of switches.

[0111] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

A switching device characterized by comprising: The device comprises a shell, an operating handle, an operating mechanism, a moving contact, a static contact, a first tripping device and a second tripping device, wherein: The operating handle is connected with the operating mechanism, and the operating mechanism is connected with the moving contact; at least a part of the operating handle close to the operating mechanism, the operating mechanism, the moving contact, the static contact, the first tripping device and the second tripping device are located in the shell; The operating mechanism comprises a lock assembly and a transmission assembly; the operating handle and the moving contact are respectively in transmission connection with the transmission assembly; the transmission assembly comprises a jump buckle and a rocker arm, and the jump buckle, the rocker arm and the lock assembly are respectively relatively rotatable with the shell; the jump buckle is in transmission connection with the rocker arm; the operating handle and the moving contact are respectively in transmission connection with the rocker arm; the rocker arm is provided with a reset driving part; When the lock assembly is located at a first position, the lock assembly keeps in engagement with the jump buckle, so that the operating handle can control the operating mechanism to drive the moving contact to move, thereby making the moving contact contact or separate from the static contact; when the lock assembly is located at a second position, the lock assembly is disengaged from the jump buckle, so that the operating handle is tripped from the transmission assembly, so that the operating handle cannot control the operating mechanism to drive the moving contact to move, and the moving contact keeps in a separated state from the static contact; The first tripping device comprises a first driving part; the first tripping device is used for driving the first driving part to drive the lock assembly to rotate from the first position to the second position according to a first driving signal, so that the lock assembly is tripped from the jump buckle; when the operating handle drives the rocker arm to rotate in a direction close to the first tripping device, the reset driving part moves towards the first driving part and drives the first driving part to reset, so that the lock assembly can be reset from the second position to the first position; at the same time, the rocker arm drives the jump buckle to rotate towards the lock assembly, so that the jump buckle is engaged with the lock assembly, so that the operating handle can control the operating mechanism to drive the moving contact to move; The second tripping device comprises a second driving part; the second tripping device is used for locking the movement of the operating mechanism according to a second driving signal, so that the operating handle cannot control the operating mechanism to drive the moving contact to move, and the moving contact keeps in a separated state from the static contact. The switching device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The second tripping device is used for driving the second driving part to drive the lock assembly to rotate from the first position to the second position according to the second driving signal, so that the lock assembly keeps in a tripped state from the jump buckle. The switching device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The transmission assembly further comprises a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate and an output shaft, wherein: The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are oppositely arranged, the operating handle passes through the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate and rotates relative to the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, the rocker arm is located between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate and is rotationally connected to the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, and the rocker arm is drivingly connected to the movable contact through the output shaft. The first mounting plate is provided with a first sliding groove, the second mounting plate is provided with a second sliding groove, one end of the output shaft is accommodated in the first sliding groove, and the other end of the output shaft is accommodated in the second sliding groove, when the operating handle drives the rocker arm to rotate, the rocker arm drives the output shaft to slide in the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove, thereby driving the movable contact to move, the second trip device is used for driving the second driving component to extend between the rocker arm and the first mounting plate or between the rocker arm and the second mounting plate according to the second driving signal, so that the rocker arm cannot rotate, thereby locking the movement of the transmission assembly, and so that the operating handle cannot control the operating mechanism to drive the movable contact to move, or The second trip device is used for driving the second driving component to extend into the first sliding groove or the second sliding groove according to the second driving signal, so as to lock the sliding of the output shaft in the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove, so that the rocker arm cannot rotate, thereby locking the movement of the transmission assembly, and so that the operating handle cannot control the operating mechanism to drive the movable contact to move. The first trip device further comprises a first coil assembly, a first permanent magnet assembly and a first spring, the first spring is connected to the first driving component, the first permanent magnet assembly generates a first magnetic field to exert a first acting force on the first driving component, the first coil assembly is used for being electrified according to the first driving signal, so that the first coil assembly generates a first induced magnetic field to exert a second acting force on the first driving component, and the second acting force counteracts the first acting force, thereby driving the first driving component to move towards the locking assembly by the first spring, and driving the locking assembly to rotate from the first position to the second position. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The first driving component comprises a first movable iron core, the first permanent magnet assembly comprises a first permanent magnet, and the first coil assembly comprises a first coil. The switching device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that The first trip device further comprises a first static iron core, the first static iron core has a first accommodating space, one end of the first movable iron core, the first permanent magnet and the first coil are located in the first accommodating space, the first permanent magnet is located at the one end of the first movable iron core, and the first coil is sleeved on the first movable iron core, the other end of the first movable iron core extends out of the first accommodating space and is arranged towards the locking assembly, the first spring is sleeved on the other end of the first movable iron core, one end of the first spring is fixed relative to the first static iron core, and the other end of the first spring is fixed relative to the other end of the first movable iron core. ​ When the first coil is energized, the first induced magnetic field generated by the first coil is opposite to and counteracts the first magnetic field direction of the first permanent magnet, so that the first moving iron core moves away from the first static iron core under the action of the first spring; When the operating handle drives the rocker arm to rotate towards the first tripping device, the reset driving part drives the first moving iron core to reset, so that the first permanent magnet magnetically attracts the first moving iron core, and the first moving iron core presses the first spring. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The second tripping device further comprises a second coil assembly, a second permanent magnet assembly and a second spring, the second spring being connected with the second driving part; the second permanent magnet assembly generates a second magnetic field to apply a third acting force to the second driving part, and the second coil assembly is energized according to the second driving signal, so that the second induced magnetic field generated by the second coil assembly applies a fourth acting force to the second driving part, and the fourth acting force counteracts the third acting force, so that the second spring drives the second driving part to move towards the locking assembly, and drives the locking assembly to rotate from the first position to the second position. The switching device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The second driving part comprises a second moving iron core, the second permanent magnet assembly comprises a second permanent magnet, and the second coil assembly comprises a second coil; The second tripping device further comprises a second static iron core, the second static iron core having a second accommodating space, one end of the second moving iron core, the second permanent magnet and the second coil being located in the second accommodating space, the second permanent magnet being located at the one end of the second moving iron core, and the second coil being sleeved on the second moving iron core; the other end of the second moving iron core extends out of the second accommodating space and is arranged towards the locking assembly; the second spring is sleeved on the other end of the second moving iron core, one end of the second spring being fixed opposite to the second static iron core, and the other end of the second spring being fixed opposite to the other end of the second moving iron core; When the second coil is energized, the second induced magnetic field generated by the second coil is opposite to and counteracts the second magnetic field direction of the second permanent magnet, so that the second moving iron core moves away from the second static iron core under the action of the second spring; When the operating handle drives the rocker arm to rotate towards the second tripping device, the reset driving part drives the second moving iron core to reset, so that the second permanent magnet magnetically attracts the second moving iron core, and the second moving iron core presses the second spring. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The second tripping device further comprises a third coil assembly and a third permanent magnet assembly; the third permanent magnet assembly generates a third magnetic field to apply a fifth acting force to the second driving part; The third coil assembly is configured to be energized according to the second driving signal to generate a third induced magnetic field, and the third induced magnetic field exerts a sixth force on the second driving component, and a part of the sixth force counteracts the fifth force, so that the second driving component is driven to move towards the lock assembly under the action of another part of the sixth force, and the lock assembly is driven to rotate from the first position to the second position; The third coil assembly is also configured to be energized according to a reset signal to generate a fourth induced magnetic field, and the fourth induced magnetic field exerts a seventh force on the second driving component, and a part of the seventh force counteracts the fifth force, so that the second driving component is driven to reset under the action of another part of the seventh force. The switching device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that The third coil assembly comprises a coil winding, a first magnetic yoke and a second magnetic yoke; the coil winding is fixed relative to the shell; the first magnetic yoke and the second magnetic yoke are oppositely arranged at two ends of the coil winding; the second permanent magnet assembly and the second driving component are fixedly connected; the second permanent magnet assembly is located between the first magnetic yoke and the second magnetic yoke, and comprises a first magnetic pole part and a second magnetic pole part, which are oppositely arranged and have opposite magnetic poles; one end of the first magnetic yoke away from the coil winding extends to between the first magnetic pole part and the second magnetic pole part, and one end of the second magnetic yoke away from the coil winding extends to between the first magnetic pole part and the second magnetic pole part; The coil winding is configured to be energized according to the second driving signal to generate the third induced magnetic field, and the third induced magnetic field generates an attractive force on the first magnetic pole part through the first magnetic yoke and generates a repulsive force on the second magnetic pole part, and the third induced magnetic field generates a repulsive force on the first magnetic pole part through the second magnetic yoke and generates an attractive force on the second magnetic pole part, so as to drive the second permanent magnet assembly to rotate in a first rotation direction and drive the second driving component to move, thereby locking the movement of the operating mechanism; The coil winding is also configured to be energized according to the reset signal to generate the fourth induced magnetic field, and the fourth induced magnetic field generates a repulsive force on the first magnetic pole part through the first magnetic yoke and generates an attractive force on the second magnetic pole part, and the fourth induced magnetic field generates an attractive force on the first magnetic pole part through the second magnetic yoke and generates a repulsive force on the second magnetic pole part, so as to drive the second permanent magnet assembly to rotate in a second rotation direction and drive the second driving component to reset, thereby unlocking the movement of the operating mechanism. The switching device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that The driving component comprises a rotating rod and a push rod; the rotating rod rotates relative to the shell, the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the second permanent magnet assembly, and the rotating rod is movably connected with the push rod; the push rod is slidably connected with the shell; The second permanent magnet assembly is configured to drive the rotating rod to rotate, so as to drive the push rod to move towards the operating mechanism and drive the push rod to move away from the operating mechanism. The switching device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that The driving component comprises a rotating rod; the rotating rod is opposite to the shell in rotation; the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the second permanent magnet assembly; The rotating rod is opposite to the lock catch assembly in fixation; the second permanent magnet assembly is used to drive the rotating rod to rotate, so as to make the lock catch assembly rotate from the first position to the second position, and make the lock catch assembly rotate from the second position to the first position; or, The rotating rod is opposite to the rocker in fixation; the second permanent magnet assembly is used to drive the rocker to rotate, so as to limit the movement of the rocker. The switching device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that The driving component comprises a moving shaft, the second coil assembly comprises a third coil and a fourth coil, the second permanent magnet assembly comprises a third permanent magnet and a fourth permanent magnet; the moving shaft is opposite to the shell in sliding; the moving shaft is in transmission connection with the operating mechanism; the third coil and the fourth coil are in series and are arranged on the outer periphery of the moving shaft; the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are opposite to the shell in fixation, and are located between the third coil and the fourth coil; along the sliding direction of the moving shaft, the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet are opposite to each other and are located on both sides of the moving shaft; the magnetic path direction in the third permanent magnet is opposite to and perpendicular to the magnetic path direction in the fourth permanent magnet; In the part of the moving shaft on the side of the third permanent magnet towards the third coil, the magnetic path direction of the magnetic field generated by the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet is a first direction; in the part of the moving shaft on the side of the third permanent magnet towards the fourth coil, the magnetic path direction of the magnetic field generated by the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet is a second direction; wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the sliding direction; The second coil and the third coil are used to be electrified according to the second driving signal and generate the third induced magnetic field, so that the magnetic path direction of the third induced magnetic field in the moving shaft is the same as the first direction and opposite to the second direction, so that the moving shaft slides along the first direction and approaches the operating mechanism, thereby locking the movement of the operating mechanism; The third coil and the fourth coil are also used to be electrified according to the reset signal and generate the fourth induced magnetic field, so that the magnetic path direction of the fourth induced magnetic field in the moving shaft is the same as the second direction and opposite to the first direction, so that the moving shaft slides along the second direction and resets, thereby unlocking the movement of the operating mechanism. The switching device of claim 12, wherein The second tripping device further comprises a third mounting plate and a third magnetic yoke; the third mounting plate is opposite to the shell in fixation; the third magnetic yoke is a U-shaped magnetic yoke, the third mounting plate covers the opening of the U-shaped magnetic yoke and forms a third accommodating space; the moving shaft, the second coil, the third coil, the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are located in the third accommodating space; The third mounting plate is located on one side of the U-shaped yoke close to the lock assembly, and is provided with a first opening through which one end of the moving shaft extends out of the third accommodating space; or The third mounting plate is located on one side of the U-shaped yoke away from the lock assembly; the U-shaped yoke comprises two side walls arranged in parallel and a bottom wall connecting the two side walls, and the bottom wall is arranged opposite to the third mounting plate; the bottom wall is provided with a second opening through which one end of the moving shaft extends out of the third accommodating space. The switch device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The lock assembly comprises a pulling rod and a lock rod, and the pulling rod and the lock rod are respectively rotationally connected with the shell, and the pulling rod is located on the side of the lock rod away from the jump buckle; the lock rod is used for buckling or separating from the jump buckle; When the lock assembly is located at the first position, the first surface of the pulling rod abuts against the lock rod, and the lock rod is buckled with the jump buckle; when the lock assembly is located at the second position, the second surface of the pulling rod abuts against the lock rod, and the lock rod is separated from the jump buckle; when the lock assembly rotates from the first position to the second position, the lock rod slides from the first surface to the second surface of the pulling rod; when the lock assembly resets from the second position to the first position, the lock rod slides from the second surface to the first surface of the pulling rod. The switch device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that The lock assembly is provided with a reset member; the reset member is used to drive the lock assembly to reset from the second position to the first position. The switch device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that The switch device comprises a circuit breaker or an isolating switch. The switch device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that The switch device comprises a plurality of moving contacts and a plurality of static contacts, the number of the plurality of moving contacts and the number of the plurality of static contacts are equal and one-to-one corresponding, and the plurality of moving contacts are respectively in transmission connection with the transmission assembly. An inverter characterized by comprising: The inverter comprises an inverter circuit, a controller and the switch device according to any one of claims 1 to 17; the inverter circuit is electrically connected with the photovoltaic module through the switch device, and the switch device is used to turn on or turn off the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter circuit; the controller is electrically connected with the switch device; The controller is used to send a first driving signal to the switch device when a fault occurs outside the inverter, and a first tripping device of the switch device is used to drive the lock assembly to rotate from the first position to the second position according to the first driving signal, so that the lock assembly is separated from the jump buckle, and the moving contact is separated from the static contact, so as to turn off the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter circuit; The controller is also used to send a second driving signal to the switch device when a fault occurs inside the inverter, and a second tripping device of the switch device is used to lock the movement of the operating mechanism according to the second driving signal, so that the operating handle cannot control the operating mechanism to drive the moving contact, and the moving contact and the static contact remain in a separated state, thereby turning off the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter circuit. The inverter of claim 18, wherein The controller is further configured to send a reset signal to the switch device after a fault occurring inside the inverter is solved, and the second tripping device is configured to reset the second driving component according to the reset signal, to unlock the movement of the operating mechanism, so that the operating handle can control the operating mechanism to drive the movable contact, so that the movable contact is in contact with or separated from the static contact, to turn on or turn off the electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter circuit.

Images