Machine tool

Abstract

A machine tool includes: a bed (21); a guide cover (61) that is attached to the bed (21) and guides an oil; and a coolant treatment device (130) that is disposed adjacent to the bed (21). The guide cover (61) has a movable portion (76) that can operate between a first state (Cs) and a second state (Ct). The guide cover (61) is configured to guide the oil toward the coolant treatment device (130) when the movable portion (76) is in the first state (Cs), and to guide the oil toward the bed (21) when the movable portion (76) is in the second state (Ct).

Description

MACHINE TOOL

[0001] The present invention relates to a machine tool.

[0002] For example, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2017-144513 (PTL 1) discloses a machine tool including: a bed; a workpiece spindle that rotates a workpiece around a rotation center axis extending in a Z-axis direction; a tool rest that is movable in the Z-axis direction, in an X-axis direction orthogonal to a Z axis and diagonal to a vertical direction, and in a Y-axis direction orthogonal to the Z axis and an X axis; and a tailstock that is movable in the Z-axis direction.

[0003] [PTL 1] Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2017-144513

[0004] In the machine tool disclosed in PTL 1 above, the moving bodies such as the tool rest and the tailstock are attached to the bed with a guide mechanism such as a linear guide or a sliding guide interposed therebetween. In such a configuration, the guide mechanism is supplied with a lubricating oil in order to achieve smooth movement of the moving bodies. However, if the lubricating oil supplied to the guide mechanism cannot be reliably collected, an environment of a factory or the like where the machine tool is located may be polluted.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that enables reliable collection of an oil.

[0006] A machine tool according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a bed; a guide cover that is attached to the bed and guides an oil; and a coolant treatment device that is disposed adjacent to the bed. The guide cover has a movable portion that can operate between a first state and a second state. The guide cover is configured to guide the oil toward the coolant treatment device when the movable portion is in the first state, and to guide the oil toward the bed when the movable portion is in the second state.

[0007] A machine tool according to another aspect of the present invention includes: a bed; a guide cover that is attached to the bed and guides an oil; and a coolant treatment device that is disposed adjacent to the bed and is movable with respect to the bed. The guide cover has a movable portion that can operate between a first state and a second state. The guide cover overlaps the coolant treatment device as viewed in a direction of movement of the coolant treatment device, when the movable portion is in the first state, and does not overlap the coolant treatment device as viewed in the direction of movement of the coolant treatment device, when the movable portion is in the second state.

[0008] According to the present invention, a machine tool that enables reliable collection of an oil can be provided.

[0009] Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 2 is a front view showing the machine tool in Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is a side view showing the machine tool as viewed in a direction indicated by an arrow III in Fig. 2.Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an internal structure of a machine tool main body in Fig. 1.Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the machine tool in Fig. 1 (when a movable portion is in a first state).Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the machine tool in an area surrounded by a dash-dot-dot line VI in Fig. 5.Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the machine tool in Fig. 1 (when the movable portion is in a second state).Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the machine tool in an area surrounded by a dash-dot-dot line VIII in Fig. 7.Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing a guide cover when the movable portion is in the first state.Fig. 10 is a side view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction indicated by an arrow X in Fig. 9.Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction along an arrow line XI-XI in Fig. 9.Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the guide cover when the movable portion is in the second state.Fig. 13 is a side view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction indicated by an arrow XIII in Fig. 12.Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction along an arrow line XIV-XIV in Fig. 12.Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction along an arrow line XV-XV in Fig. 12.Fig. 16 is a perspective view showing a coolant treatment device in Fig. 1.Fig. 17 is a system diagram showing a coolant flow in the coolant treatment device in Fig. 1.

[0010] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings referenced below, the same or corresponding members are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0011] Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a front view showing the machine tool in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side view showing the machine tool as viewed in a direction indicated by an arrow III in Fig. 2.

[0012] Referring to Figs. 1 to 3, a machine tool 200 according to the present embodiment is a lathe that performs workpiece machining by bringing a tool into contact with a rotating workpiece. Machine tool 200 is a numerically controlled (NC) machine tool in which various operations for workpiece machining are automated through numerical control by a computer.

[0013] Machine tool 200 has a machine tool main body 210 and a coolant treatment device 130. Machine tool main body 210 is a main body portion of machine tool 200 and performs workpiece machining. Coolant treatment device 130 is provided adjacent to machine tool main body 210. Coolant treatment device 130 treats a coolant discharged from machine tool main body 210 due to workpiece machining.

[0014] First, a structure of machine tool main body 210 will be described. Machine tool main body 210 has a cover body 211 and a door 213. Cover body 211 defines and forms a machining area 220 and provides an external appearance of machine tool 200. Machining area 220 is a space where workpiece machining is performed, and is hermetically sealed by cover body 211 and door 213 to prevent a foreign object such as chips or the coolant generated due to workpiece machining from leaking to the outside of machining area 220.

[0015] Cover body 211 is provided with an opening 212. Opening 212 causes machining area 220 to open to an external space. Door 213 is provided at opening 212. Door 213 is attached to cover body 211 so as to be slidable in a horizontal direction (a first direction 510 described below). The sliding operation of door 213 brings opening 212 into an open state or a closed state.

[0016] Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an internal structure of the machine tool main body in Fig. 1. Referring to Fig. 4, machine tool 200 (machine tool main body 210) has a bed 21, a first workpiece spindle 41, a tool rest (not shown), and a second workpiece spindle (not shown).

[0017] Bed 21 is a base member for supporting first workpiece spindle 41, the tool rest, the second workpiece spindle and the like and is provided on a floor surface of a factory or the like. Bed 21 is made of metal such as cast metal. Bed 21 is of slant bed type and a support surface that supports first workpiece spindle 41, the tool rest, the second workpiece spindle and the like is slanted.

[0018] First workpiece spindle 41 can hold a workpiece. First workpiece spindle 41 rotates the workpiece around a rotation center axis 101 parallel to a Z axis extending in the horizontal direction. The second workpiece spindle (not shown) can hold the workpiece. The second workpiece spindle is disposed to face first workpiece spindle 41 in a Z-axis direction. The second workpiece spindle rotates the workpiece around a rotation center axis parallel to the Z axis and extending in a straight line with rotation center axis 101.

[0019] First workpiece spindle 41 is fixed to bed 21. The second workpiece spindle is attached to bed 21. The second workpiece spindle is movable in the Z-axis direction by various types of feed mechanisms, guide mechanisms and servo motors. Instead of the second workpiece spindle, a tailstock for supporting a rotation center of the workpiece held by first workpiece spindle 41 may be attached to bed 21.

[0020] The tool rest (not shown) can hold a plurality of tools. The tool rest is a turret-type tool rest that moves the plurality of held tools in a circumferential direction of a swivel center axis parallel to the Z axis and indexes a tool used for machining.

[0021] Machine tool 200 (machine tool main body 210) further has a saddle 31, a cross slide 32 and a base 33.

[0022] Saddle 31 is attached to bed 21. Saddle 31 is movable in the Z-axis direction by various types of feed mechanisms, guide mechanisms and servo motors. Cross slide 32 is attached to saddle 31. Cross slide 32 is movable in an X-axis direction, which is orthogonal to the Z axis and is inclined with respect to a vertical direction and the horizontal direction, by various types of feed mechanisms, guide mechanisms and servo motors. Base 33 is attached to cross slide 32. Base 33 is movable in a Y’-axis direction, which is orthogonal to the Z axis and is inclined with respect to an X axis, by various types of feed mechanisms, guide mechanisms and servo motors. Base 33 is movable in a Y-axis direction, which is orthogonal to the X axis and the Z axis, by coordination between the movement of cross slide 32 in the X-axis direction and the movement of base 33 in the Y’-axis direction.

[0023] The tool rest is fixed to base 33. In such a configuration, the tool rest is movable in the X-axis direction, in the Y-axis direction and in the Z-axis direction.

[0024] Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the machine tool in Fig. 1 (when a movable portion is in a first state). Fig. 5 shows cross sections of the machine tool main body and the coolant treatment device as viewed in a direction along an arrow line V-V in Fig. 4.

[0025] Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, machine tool 200 (machine tool main body 210) further has a linear guide 50. Linear guide 50 constitutes a linear guide mechanism for guiding the second workpiece spindle (not shown) in the Z-axis direction.

[0026] Linear guide 50 has a guide rail 51 (51A, 51B) and a slider 52 (52A, 52B). Guide rail 51 extends in the Z-axis direction. Guide rail 51A and guide rail 51B are spaced apart from each other in the direction (X-axis direction) orthogonal to the Z-axis direction. Slider 52 is fixed to the second workpiece spindle. Slider 52 engages guide rail 51 with rolling elements such as a plurality of balls or rollers interposed therebetween. Slider 52A and slider 52B engage guide rail 51A and guide rail 51B, respectively. Slider 52 is slidable in the Z-axis direction along guide rail 51. Slider 52 is equipped with a lubricating oil supply mechanism for supplying a lubricating oil to the above-described rolling elements.

[0027] Bed 21 has a sliding portion 56 (56A, 56B). Sliding portion 56 constitutes a sliding guide mechanism for guiding saddle 31 in the Z-axis direction. Sliding portion 56 is made of cast metal that makes up bed 21. Sliding portion 56 extends in the Z-axis direction. Sliding portion 56A and sliding portion 56B are spaced apart from each other in the direction (X-axis direction) orthogonal to the Z-axis direction. Saddle 31 is guided in the Z-axis direction, while making surface contact with sliding portion 56. Saddle 31 is equipped with a lubricating oil supply mechanism for supplying a lubricating oil to sliding portion 56.

[0028] Sliding portion 56A is provided at a position displaced diagonally downward from sliding portion 56B along the X-axis direction. Guide rail 51B is provided at a position displaced diagonally downward from sliding portion 56A along the X-axis direction. Guide rail 51A is provided at a position displaced diagonally downward from guide rail 51B along the X-axis direction.

[0029] Bed 21 further has a rail attachment portion 23. Rail attachment portion 23 is provided at an end (front end) of bed 21 in the Z-axis direction. Rail attachment portion 23 extends in the X-axis direction. Guide rail 51A is attached to rail attachment portion 23.

[0030] Bed 21 further has an oil receiving portion 22. Oil receiving portion 22 has a gutter shape that can receive an oil. Oil receiving portion 22 extends in the Z-axis direction. Oil receiving portion 22 is provided below rail attachment portion 23. Oil receiving portion 22 faces coolant treatment device 130 (a chip conveyor 120) in a second direction 520 described below. A cutout portion 24 is provided at an end of oil receiving portion 22 in the Z-axis direction. Cutout portion 24 opens an oil flow path formed by oil receiving portion 22.

[0031] Next, a structure of coolant treatment device 130 will be described. In the figures, first direction 510, second direction 520 and a third direction 530 are indicated by arrows. First direction 510 is parallel to the horizontal direction. Second direction 520 is parallel to the horizontal direction and orthogonal to first direction 510. Third direction 530 is parallel to an up-down direction. First direction 510 corresponds to the Z-axis direction. First direction 510 corresponds to a left-right direction (width direction) of machine tool 200 and second direction 520 corresponds to a front-rear direction (depth direction) of machine tool 200.

[0032] Referring to Figs. 1 to 5, coolant treatment device 130 is disposed adjacent to bed 21. Coolant treatment device 130 has chip conveyor 120 and a coolant tank 110.

[0033] Chip conveyor 120 discharges chips and the coolant generated due to workpiece machining in machining area 220 to the outside of machine tool main body 210. Coolant tank 110 stores the coolant.

[0034] Chip conveyor 120 has a cover portion 121 and a conveying device 126. Cover portion 121 provides an external appearance of chip conveyor 120. Cover portion 121 forms an internal space where conveying device 126 is disposed. Cover portion 121 is provided with a chip reception port 122, a chip discharge port 123 and a coolant discharge port (not shown).

[0035] Chip conveyor 120 is disposed adjacent to bed 21 in second direction 520. Chip conveyor 120 is positioned with respect to machine tool main body 210 such that chip reception port 122 opens upward directly below machining area 220 and chip discharge port 123 opens downward at a position displaced from machine tool main body 210 in the horizontal direction (first direction 510). A chip bucket (not shown) for collecting chips is disposed below chip discharge port 123.

[0036] Chip conveyor 120 has a plurality of wheels 127. The plurality of wheels 127 are provided to be in contact with floor surface FL of the factory or the like where machine tool 200 is located. The plurality of wheels 127 are provided at positions distant from one another in the horizontal direction.

[0037] Coolant tank 110 is formed of a box body that forms a space where the coolant is stored. Coolant tank 110 is placed on floor surface FL. Chip conveyor 120 is disposed between machining area 220 and coolant tank 110 in third direction 530. Chip conveyor 120 is accommodated in coolant tank 110 directly below machining area 220.

[0038] Coolant tank 110 has a plurality of wheels 111. The plurality of wheels 111 are provided to be in contact with floor surface FL. The plurality of wheels 111 are provided at positions distant from one another in the horizontal direction.

[0039] The chips and the coolant generated in machining area 220 are received into cover portion 121 through chip reception port 122. The chips are conveyed from chip reception port 122 toward chip discharge port 123 by conveying device 126. The chips are discharged to the outside of cover portion 121 through chip discharge port 123 and are collected in the chip bucket. On the other hand, the coolant received into cover portion 121 is discharged to coolant tank 110 through the coolant discharge port (not shown) provided in cover portion 121.

[0040] Next, a mechanism for collecting the lubricating oil used in machine tool main body 210 will be described. Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the machine tool in an area surrounded by a dash-dot-dot line VI in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the machine tool in Fig. 1 (when the movable portion is in a second state). Fig. 7 shows cross sections corresponding to those in Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the machine tool in an area surrounded by a dash-dot-dot line VIII in Fig. 7.

[0041] Referring to Figs. 5 to 8, machine tool 200 further has a guide cover 61. Guide cover 61 is attached to bed 21. Guide cover 61 is attached to rail attachment portion 23. Guide cover 61 is provided directly below guide rail 51A and slider 52A.

[0042] Guide cover 61 is separate from coolant tank 110 (a first tank 110A described below). Guide cover 61 is separate from chip conveyor 120 (cover portion 121). Guide cover 61 is not coupled to coolant tank 110 and chip conveyor 120. Guide cover 61 is provided to be separable from coolant tank 110 and chip conveyor 120.

[0043] Guide cover 61 guides the oil toward a prescribed position in order to collect the oil used in machine tool main body 210. For example, guide cover 61 guides, toward the prescribed position, the lubricating oil supplied to the rolling elements of slider 52 and the lubricating oil supplied to sliding portion 56.

[0044] Guide cover 61 has a movable portion 76. Movable portion 76 can operate between a first state Cs (state of movable portion 76 shown in Figs. 5 and 6) and a second state Ct (state of movable portion 76 shown in Figs. 7 and 8). Guide cover 61 is configured to guide the oil (lubricating oil) toward coolant treatment device 130 when movable portion 76 is in first state Cs, and to guide the oil (lubricating oil) toward bed 21 when movable portion 76 is in second state Ct.

[0045] As shown in Fig. 7, coolant treatment device 130 is movable between a first position Pa where coolant treatment device 130 is adjacent to bed 21 and a second position Pb where coolant treatment device 130 is separated from bed 21. A direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 between first position Pa and second position Pb is, for example, second direction 520. When coolant treatment device 130 is disposed at first position Pa, movable portion 76 is in first state Cs. When coolant treatment device 130 is disposed at second position Pb, movable portion 76 is in second state Ct. During movement of coolant treatment device 130 between first position Pa and second position Pb, movable portion 76 is in second state Ct.

[0046] More specifically, during operation of machine tool 200, coolant treatment device 130 is disposed at first position Pa where coolant treatment device 130 is adjacent to bed 21 (state in which coolant treatment device 130 is provided adjacent to machine tool main body 210). In this state, movable portion 76 is in first state Cs.

[0047] When an operator separates machine tool main body 210 and coolant treatment device 130 from each other at the time of cleaning of coolant tank 110 or maintenance of chip conveyor 120 or at the time of shipping of machine tool 200 in an assembly factory, the operator slides door 213 in Figs. 1 and 2 to bring opening 212 into the open state. The operator accesses guide cover 61 through opening 212 and causes movable portion 76 to operate from first state Cs to second state Ct. By pulling out coolant treatment device 130 from machine tool main body 210 in second direction 520, the operator moves coolant treatment device 130 to second position Pb where coolant treatment device 130 is separated from bed 21.

[0048] Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the guide cover when the movable portion is in the first state. Fig. 10 is a side view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction indicated by an arrow X in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction along an arrow line XI-XI in Fig. 9.

[0049] Referring to Figs. 5 and 6 and Figs. 9 to 11, guide cover 61 further has a base portion 71. Base portion 71 is attached to bed 21. Base portion 71 extends diagonally downward from bed 21. Base portion 71 extends in the Z-axis direction (first direction 510) in parallel with guide rail 51 and sliding portion 56.

[0050] Rail attachment portion 23 has a top surface 23a and a front surface 23b (see Fig. 6). Top surface 23a is a plane orthogonal to the Y-axis direction. Front surface 23b is a plane orthogonal to second direction 520. Front surface 23b is disposed directly below guide rail 51A and slider 52A.

[0051] As shown in Figs. 9 to 11, base portion 71 has a first portion 71m and a second portion 71n. First portion 71m has such a plate shape that second direction 520 corresponds to the thickness direction. First portion 71m is overlaid on front surface 23b in second direction 520 and is fastened to rail attachment portion 23 by a bolt or the like. Second portion 71n extends diagonally downward from a lower end of first portion 71m so as to be away from front surface 23b of rail attachment portion 23 in second direction 520.

[0052] Movable portion 76 extends in the Z-axis direction (first direction 510) in parallel with guide rail 51 and sliding portion 56. Movable portion 76 is pivotably connected to a lower end 71u of base portion 71. Movable portion 76 is pivotable around a pivot center axis 106. Pivot center axis 106 extends in first direction 510. Movable portion 76 is connected to lower end 71u of base portion 71 through a plurality of hinges 72. The plurality of hinges 72 are spaced apart from one another in first direction 510. Pivot center axis 106 of movable portion 76 is implemented by hinges 72.

[0053] Movable portion 76 is in first state Cs. Movable portion 76 extends diagonally downward from lower end 71u of base portion 71. Movable portion 76 extends from lower end 71u of base portion 71 toward coolant treatment device 130. Movable portion 76 extends from lower end 71u of base portion 71 toward chip conveyor 120.

[0054] Movable portion 76 has a third portion 76p and a fourth portion 76q. Third portion 76p faces lower end 71u of base portion 71 with a gap 73 interposed therebetween. Third portion 76p extends diagonally downward from gap 73. Third portion 76p extends from gap 73 to be parallel to second portion 71n of base portion 71. Fourth portion 76q is connected to third portion 76p by welding or the like. Fourth portion 76q extends from third portion 76p toward second portion 71n to extend over an opening surface of gap 73. Fourth portion 76q is provided on a rear side of hinge 72 with third portion 76p and second portion 71n interposed therebetween. Gap 73 is closed by fourth portion 76q.

[0055] Movable portion 76 further has a bent portion 76v. Bent portion 76v is formed by being bent from a lower end of third portion 76p. Bent portion 76v intersects third portion 76p at an angle of 90°. Bent portion 76v extends diagonally downward from the lower end of third portion 76p so as to approach front surface 23b of rail attachment portion 23 in second direction 520.

[0056] As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, cover portion 121 of chip conveyor 120 has an edge portion 121j and a rising portion 121k. Edge portion 121j has such a plate shape that third direction 530 corresponds to the thickness direction. Edge portion 121j has a frame shape as viewed in third direction 530 and conveying device 126 is provided on the inner side of edge portion 121j. Rising portion 121k rises upward from an outer peripheral edge of edge portion 121j.

[0057] Third portion 76p extends diagonally downward from gap 73 toward edge portion 121j. Third portion 76p extends over rising portion 121k in second direction 520 and enters a space above edge portion 121j. Bent portion 76v abuts on edge portion 121j. Movable portion 76 (bent portion 76v) is spaced apart from and faces rising portion 121k in second direction 520, which is the direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 between first position Pa and second position Pb. The lower end of movable portion 76 is disposed below an upper end of rising portion 121k. Guide cover 61 overlaps coolant treatment device 130 as viewed in the direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 between first position Pa and second position Pb. Guide cover 61 (movable portion 76) overlaps chip conveyor 120 (cover portion 121) as viewed in second direction 520. Guide cover 61 overlaps coolant treatment device 130 in a top view. Guide cover 61 (movable portion 76) overlaps chip conveyor 120 (cover portion 121) in a top view.

[0058] In such a configuration, movable portion 76 is positioned to interfere with coolant treatment device 130 that moves between first position Pa and second position Pb, when movable portion 76 is in first state Cs. During movement of coolant treatment device 130 between first position Pa and second position Pb, bent portion 76v of movable portion 76 interferes with rising portion 121k of chip conveyor 120 in coolant treatment device 130.

[0059] The oil used in machine tool main body 210 is guided to coolant treatment device 130 by guide cover 61 whose movable portion 76 is in first state Cs. More specifically, the lubricating oil moves to guide cover 61 along a surface of bed 21 due to gravity. The lubricating oil is guided diagonally downward by base portion 71 and movable portion 76 in guide cover 61, thereby moving to chip conveyor 120. The lubricating oil drips down from bent portion 76v of movable portion 76 to edge portion 121j, and further, flows into cover portion 121. The lubricating oil is collected in coolant tank 110, together with the coolant received into cover portion 121. The oil used in machine tool main body 210 may be directly guided to coolant tank 110 by guide cover 61 whose movable portion 76 is in first state Cs.

[0060] Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the guide cover when the movable portion is in the second state. Fig. 13 is a side view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction indicated by an arrow XIII in Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction along an arrow line XIV-XIV in Fig. 12. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the guide cover as viewed in a direction along an arrow line XV-XV in Fig. 12.

[0061] Referring to Figs. 7 and 8 and Figs. 12 to 15, movable portion 76 is in second state Ct. Guide cover 61 may be provided with a lock mechanism for maintaining movable portion 76 in second state Ct.

[0062] Movable portion 76 extends diagonally upward from gap 73, while forming gap 73 between movable portion 76 and lower end 71u of base portion 71. Movable portion 76 extends from gap 73 so as to be away from coolant treatment device 130 (chip conveyor 120) in third direction 530.

[0063] Third portion 76p extends diagonally upward from gap 73. Third portion 76p faces base portion 71 in second direction 520. Together with second portion 71n of base portion 71, third portion 76p forms such a V shape that pivot center axis 106 corresponds to a corner portion. Fourth portion 76q is spaced apart from second portion 71n of base portion 71. Fourth portion 76q is spaced apart from second portion 71n, whereby gap 73 is opened. Movable portion 76 is disposed above rising portion 121k. Guide cover 61 is disposed above the upper end of rising portion 121k. Guide cover 61 does not overlap coolant treatment device 130 as viewed in the direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 between first position Pa and second position Pb. Guide cover 61 (movable portion 76) does not overlap chip conveyor 120 (cover portion 121) as viewed in second direction 520.

[0064] In such a configuration, movable portion 76 is positioned not to interfere with coolant treatment device 130 that moves between first position Pa and second position Pb, when movable portion 76 is in second state Ct. During movement of coolant treatment device 130 between first position Pa and second position Pb, bent portion 76v of movable portion 76 does not interfere with rising portion 121k of chip conveyor 120 in coolant treatment device 130.

[0065] Guide cover 61 further has a gutter portion 81. Gutter portion 81 extends in the Z-axis direction (first direction 510) in parallel with guide rail 51 and sliding portion 56. Gutter portion 81 has a V-shaped cross section and extends in first direction 510. Gutter portion 81 forms a flow path through which the lubricating oil can flow. Gutter portion 81 is connected to base portion 71. Gutter portion 81 is connected to second portion 71n. Gutter portion 81 is disposed directly below lower end 71u of base portion 71. In second state Ct, directly above gutter portion 81, gap 73 is provided between movable portion 76 and lower end 71u of base portion 71.

[0066] Guide cover 61 further has a guide portion 91. Guide portion 91 extends from gutter portion 81 toward bed 21. Guide portion 91 extends from gutter portion 81 toward oil receiving portion 22. Guide portion 91 extends diagonally downward from gutter portion 81. Guide portion 91 extends diagonally downward from gutter portion 81 so as to approach bed 21 in second direction 520. Guide portion 91 is connected to one end of gutter portion 81 in first direction 510.

[0067] As shown in Fig. 14, gutter portion 81 is provided with an opening 82. Opening 82 communicates with the oil flow path formed by gutter portion 81 and opens directly above guide portion 91. Guide portion 91 forms a flow path through which the lubricating oil can flow. The oil flow path formed by guide portion 91 opens directly above oil receiving portion 22.

[0068] The oil used in machine tool main body 210 is guided to bed 21 by guide cover 61 whose movable portion 76 is in second state Ct. More specifically, even after the operation of machine tool 200 is stopped, the lubricating oil left in linear guide 50 or sliding portion 56 moves to guide cover 61 along the surface of bed 21 due to gravity. The lubricating oil is guided diagonally downward in guide cover 61 by base portion 71, and further, flows into gutter portion 81 through gap 73. The lubricating oil flows in first direction 510 in gutter portion 81 and falls onto guide portion 91 through opening 82. The lubricating oil moves diagonally downward by being guided by guide portion 91 and is received into oil receiving portion 22. The lubricating oil received into oil receiving portion 22 is collected through cutout portion 24 into an oil collection box provided directly below cutout portion 24.

[0069] Although Fig. 7 shows the state in which coolant treatment device 130 positioned at second position Pb is completely separated from bed 21, the present invention is not limited to such a state. The operator may pull out coolant treatment device 130 by a distance (e.g., approximately 50 cm) required for cleaning of coolant tank 110 or maintenance of chip conveyor 120, and position coolant treatment device 130 at second position Pb. A distance between bed 21 and coolant treatment device 130 (chip conveyor 120 and coolant tank 110) positioned at second position Pb in the direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 (second direction 520) is longer than a distance between bed 21 and coolant treatment device 130 (chip conveyor 120 and coolant tank 110) positioned at first position Pa in the direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 (second direction 520).

[0070] The configuration of machine tool 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention as described above will be summarized. Machine tool 200 according to the present embodiment includes: bed 21; guide cover 61 that is attached to bed 21 and guides an oil; and coolant treatment device 130 that is disposed adjacent to bed 21. Guide cover 61 has movable portion 76 that can operate between first state Cs and second state Ct. Guide cover 61 is configured to guide the oil toward coolant treatment device 130 when movable portion 76 is in first state Cs, and to guide the oil toward bed 21 when movable portion 76 is in second state Ct.

[0071] Machine tool 200 includes: bed 21; guide cover 61 that is attached to bed 21 and guides an oil; and coolant treatment device 130 that is disposed adjacent to bed 21 and has chip conveyor 120 and coolant tank 110. Guide cover 61 has movable portion 76 that can operate between first state Cs and second state Ct. Guide cover 61 is configured to guide the oil toward coolant treatment device 130 when movable portion 76 is in first state Cs, and to guide the oil toward bed 21 when movable portion 76 is in second state Ct.

[0072] According to such a configuration, the oil is guided toward coolant treatment device 130 by guide cover 61 whose movable portion 76 is in first state Cs, when coolant treatment device 130 is disposed adjacent to bed 21, and the oil is guided toward bed 21 by guide cover 61 whose movable portion 76 is in second state Ct, when coolant treatment device 130 is not disposed adjacent to bed 21. This enables reliable collection of the oil regardless of the presence or absence of coolant treatment device 130.

[0073] Particularly when machine tool main body 210 and coolant treatment device 130 are separated from each other at the time of cleaning of coolant tank 110 or maintenance of chip conveyor 120 or at the time of shipping of machine tool 200 in the assembly factory, coolant treatment device 130 is pulled out from machine tool main body 210. Even in such a case, by causing movable portion 76 to operate from first state Cs to second state Ct in advance, the lubricating oil used in various types of guide mechanisms in machine tool main body 210 can be collected in bed 21 by guide cover 61. This can prevent the environment of the factory or the like where machine tool 200 is located from being polluted.

[0074] In addition, coolant treatment device 130 is movable between first position Pa where coolant treatment device 130 is adjacent to bed 21 and second position Pb where coolant treatment device 130 is separated from bed 21. Movable portion 76 is positioned to interfere with coolant treatment device 130 that moves between first position Pa and second position Pb, when movable portion 76 is in first state Cs, and not to interfere with coolant treatment device 130 that moves between first position Pa and second position Pb, when movable portion 76 is in second state Ct.

[0075] According to such a configuration, an opportunity to cause movable portion 76 to operate from first state Cs to second state Ct can be provided to the operator before coolant treatment device 130 is moved from first position Pa to second position Pb.

[0076] In addition, guide cover 61 has: base portion 71 that is attached to bed 21 and extends diagonally downward from bed 21; movable portion 76 that is pivotably connected to lower end 71u of base portion 71; gutter portion 81 that is connected to base portion 71 and is disposed directly below lower end 71u of base portion 71; and guide portion 91 that extends from gutter portion 81 toward bed 21. Movable portion 76 extends diagonally downward from lower end 71u of base portion 71 toward coolant treatment device 130 when movable portion 76 is in first state Cs, and extends diagonally upward from gap 73 while forming gap 73 between movable portion 76 and lower end 71u of base portion 71 when movable portion 76 is in second state Ct.

[0077] According to such a configuration, when movable portion 76 is in first state Cs, the oil can be guided toward coolant treatment device 130 by base portion 71 and movable portion 76. When movable portion 76 is in second state Ct, the oil can be moved from base portion 71 through gap 73 to gutter portion 81, and further, the oil from gutter portion 81 can be guided toward bed 21 by guide portion 91.

[0078] In addition, machine tool 200 further includes: a moving body (the second workpiece spindle and the tool rest) that moves in the Z-axis direction serving as a prescribed direction with respect to bed 21; and a guide mechanism (linear guide 50 and sliding portion 56) that is supplied with a lubricating oil and guides the moving body in the Z-axis direction. Base portion 71, movable portion 76 and gutter portion 81 extend in the Z-axis direction in parallel with the guide mechanism.

[0079] According to such a configuration, the lubricating oil used in the guide mechanism (linear guide 50 and sliding portion 56) can be more reliably collected regardless of the position in the Z-axis direction.

[0080] Machine tool 200 includes: bed 21; guide cover 61 that is attached to bed 21 and guides an oil; and coolant treatment device 130 that is disposed adjacent to bed 21. Guide cover 61 has movable portion 76 that can operate between first state Cs and second state Ct. Coolant treatment device 130 is movable between first position Pa where coolant treatment device 130 is adjacent to bed 21 and second position Pb where coolant treatment device 130 is separated from bed 21. Guide cover 61 overlaps coolant treatment device 130 as viewed in a direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 (second direction 520), when movable portion 76 is in first state Cs, and does not overlap coolant treatment device 130 as viewed in the direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 (second direction 520), when movable portion 76 is in second state Ct.

[0081] Machine tool 200 includes: bed 21; guide cover 61 that is attached to bed 21 and guides an oil; and coolant treatment device 130 that is disposed adjacent to bed 21 and is movable with respect to bed 21. Guide cover 61 has movable portion 76 that can operate between first state Cs and second state Ct. Guide cover 61 overlaps coolant treatment device 130 as viewed in a direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 (second direction 520), when movable portion 76 is in first state Cs, and does not overlap coolant treatment device 130 as viewed in the direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130 (second direction 520), when movable portion 76 is in second state Ct.

[0082] According to such a configuration, when coolant treatment device 130 is disposed at first position Pa where coolant treatment device 130 is adjacent to bed 21, the oil is guided toward coolant treatment device 130 by guide cover 61, and thus, movable portion 76 is in first state Cs in which guide cover 61 overlaps coolant treatment device 130 as viewed in the direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130. When coolant treatment device 130 is moved between first position Pa and second position Pb, movable portion 76 is in second state Ct in which guide cover 61 does not overlap coolant treatment device 130 as viewed in the direction of movement of coolant treatment device 130, in order to avoid interference between coolant treatment device 130 and guide cover 61. As a result, in machine tool 200 including coolant treatment device 130 that is movable between first position Pa where coolant treatment device 130 is adjacent to bed 21 and second position Pb where coolant treatment device 130 is separated from bed 21, the oil can be reliably collected in coolant treatment device 130 disposed at first position Pa by guide cover 61.

[0083] The operation of the movable portion between the first state and the second state in the present invention is not limited to a pivot operation and may be, for example, a sliding operation.

[0084] In addition, the machine tool according to the present invention is not limited to a lathe and may be, for example, a machining center that performs workpiece machining by bringing a rotating tool into contact with a workpiece, or a multi-tasking machine having a turning function and a milling function, or an AM / SM hybrid working machine capable of additive manufacturing (AM) of workpieces and subtractive manufacturing (SM) of workpieces.

[0085] A more specific structure of coolant treatment device 130 will be described below. Fig. 16 is a perspective view showing the coolant treatment device in Fig. 1. In Fig. 16, chip conveyor 120 and a cover body that covers a second tank 110B described below are not shown. Fig. 17 is a system diagram showing a coolant flow in the coolant treatment device in Fig. 1.

[0086] Referring to Figs. 1 and 5, cover portion 121 of chip conveyor 120 has a horizontal portion 182 and a neck portion 181. Horizontal portion 182 extends in the horizontal direction (first direction 510). Chip reception port 122 is provided in horizontal portion 182. Neck portion 181 rises from one end of horizontal portion 182 extending in the horizontal direction and extends diagonally upward. Chip discharge port 123 is provided in neck portion 181. Cover portion 121 as a whole has a curved shape between horizontal portion 182 and neck portion 181. An angle formed by horizontal portion 182 and neck portion 181 is greater than 90°.

[0087] Referring to Figs. 1, 16 and 17, coolant tank 110 has first tank 110A and second tank 110B. Each of first tank 110A and second tank 110B is formed of a box body where the coolant can be stored. First tank 110A is placed on floor surface FL. First tank 110A is provided with the plurality of wheels 111. Second tank 110B is stacked on first tank 110A. Second tank 110B is stacked on a below-described third tank region 330 of first tank 110A.

[0088] Coolant treatment device 130 further has a coolant temperature adjustment device 190. Coolant temperature adjustment device 190 is a device for adjusting the temperature of the coolant and cools the coolant having the temperature that has risen due to workpiece machining. Coolant temperature adjustment device 190 is stacked on second tank 110B. Coolant temperature adjustment device 190 cools the coolant stored in second tank 110B.

[0089] First tank 110A has a first tank region 310, a second tank region 320 and third tank region 330.

[0090] Third tank region 330 is disposed between first tank region 310 and second tank region 320 in second direction 520. First tank region 310, third tank region 330 and second tank region 320 are arranged in second direction 520 in the listed order. First tank region 310 is connected to one end of third tank region 330 in second direction 520, and second tank region 320 is connected to the other end of third tank region 330 in second direction 520.

[0091] First tank region 310 extends in first direction 510. First tank region 310 protrudes more than third tank region 330 in first direction 510. First tank region 310 has such an elongated shape that first direction 510 corresponds to a longer direction and second direction 520 corresponds to a shorter direction (width direction) in a top view. Chip conveyor 120 (horizontal portion 182) is disposed in first tank region 310.

[0092] Second tank region 320 extends in first direction 510. Second tank region 320 protrudes more than third tank region 330 in first direction 510. A direction of protrusion of second tank region 320 in first direction 510 is opposite to a direction of protrusion of first tank region 310 in first direction 510. Third tank region 330 extends from first tank region 310 toward second tank region 320 in second direction 520.

[0093] As shown in Fig. 17, chip conveyor 120 further has a first foreign object capturing device 128. First foreign object capturing device 128 is accommodated in cover portion 121. First foreign object capturing device 128 captures a foreign object such as chips or sludge contained in the coolant. First foreign object capturing device 128 is a foreign object treatment device for treating a foreign object such as chips or sludge contained in a coolant. In first foreign object capturing device 128, a filtration filter is used. First foreign object capturing device 128 is a box-type device disposed in horizontal portion 182 in Fig. 5.

[0094] The coolant from machine tool main body 210 is received into chip conveyor 120 through chip reception port 122 in Fig. 5. The coolant from which the foreign object has been captured by first foreign object capturing device 128 in chip conveyor 120 flows from cover portion 121 toward first tank region 310. The coolant flows in first direction 510 in first tank region 310. The coolant flows from first tank region 310 into third tank region 330 and flows in second direction 520.

[0095] First foreign object capturing device 128 may be a drum-type device that is disposed in a curved portion of cover portion 121 between horizontal portion 182 and neck portion 181 and rotates with driving of chip conveyor 120. In this case, the coolant from which the foreign object has been captured by first foreign object capturing device 128 flows from cover portion 121 toward third tank region 330.

[0096] Coolant treatment device 130 further has a first pump 151 and a second foreign object capturing device 141. First pump 151 is provided in first tank 110A. First pump 151 is disposed in third tank region 330. First pump 151 pumps the coolant flowing from first tank region 310 into third tank region 330.

[0097] Second foreign object capturing device 141 captures the foreign object such as chips or sludge contained in the coolant. Second foreign object capturing device 141 is a foreign object treatment device for treating a foreign object such as chips or sludge contained in a coolant. Second foreign object capturing device 141 is a filterless-type device that does not include a filtration filter. Second foreign object capturing device 141 is a cyclone separator that captures a foreign object using the centrifugal force. Second foreign object capturing device 141 captures the foreign object contained in the coolant from first pump 151. The coolant from which the foreign object has been captured by second foreign object capturing device 141 is supplied to second tank 110B.

[0098] Coolant treatment device 130 further has a coolant return mechanism 171. Coolant return mechanism 171 is provided in second tank 110B. Coolant return mechanism 171 is configured to return the coolant overflowed in second tank 110B to second tank region 320 of first tank 110A. Coolant return mechanism 171 is formed of a drain pipe extending in the up-down direction between an opening provided in a side surface of second tank 110B and a top surface of first tank 110A. When the water level of the coolant in second tank 110B exceeds a prescribed height, the coolant is returned to second tank region 320 of first tank 110A through coolant return mechanism 171.

[0099] Coolant treatment device 130 further has a second pump 152. Second pump 152 is provided in second tank 110B. Second pump 152 supplies the coolant stored in second tank 110B to machine tool main body 210.

[0100] The coolant from second pump 152 is supplied toward at least one of the tool and the workpiece in machine tool main body 210. For example, the coolant from second pump 152 is supplied to a cutting edge coolant nozzle 253 and a through-spindle coolant device 254. Cutting edge coolant nozzle 253 is provided in the tool rest of machine tool main body 210. Cutting edge coolant nozzle 253 is configured to discharge the coolant toward a cutting edge of the tool held by the tool rest. Through-spindle coolant device 254 is provided in the workpiece spindle of machine tool main body 210. Through-spindle coolant device 254 is configured to discharge the coolant from a chuck of the workpiece spindle toward the workpiece.

[0101] Coolant treatment device 130 further has a third pump 153. Third pump 153 is provided in first tank 110A. Third pump 153 is disposed in second tank region 320. Third pump 153 supplies the coolant stored in second tank region 320 to machine tool main body 210. Third pump 153 supplies, to machine tool main body 210, the coolant returned from second tank 110B through coolant return mechanism 171 to second tank region 320 of first tank 110A.

[0102] The coolant from third pump 153 is supplied toward a position distant from the tool and the workpiece in machine tool main body 210. For example, the coolant from third pump 153 is supplied to a base coolant nozzle 251 and a machine body coolant circulating device 252. Base coolant nozzle 251 is configured to discharge the coolant toward the bed and the like disposed in machining area 220 and / or cover body 211 that defines and forms machining area 220. Machine body coolant circulating device 252 is configured to circulate the coolant in a coolant circulation path provided in the bed in order to uniformize the temperature of cast metal that makes up the bed and suppress a change in posture of machine tool main body 210.

[0103] It should be understood that the embodiment disclosed herein is illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

[0104] This nonprovisional application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2024-154099 filed on September 6, 2024 with the Japan Patent Office, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

[0105] 21 bed; 22 oil receiving portion; 24 cutout portion; 23 rail attachment portion; 23a top surface; 23b front surface; 31 saddle; 32 cross slide; 33 base; 41 first workpiece spindle; 50 linear guide; 51, 51A, 51B guide rail; 52, 52A, 52B slider; 56, 56A, 56B sliding portion; 61 guide cover; 71 base portion; 71m first portion; 71n second portion; 71u lower end; 72 hinge; 73 gap; 76 movable portion; 76p third portion; 76q fourth portion; 76v bent portion; 81 gutter portion; 82, 212 opening; 91 guide portion; 101 rotation center axis; 106 pivot center axis; 110 coolant tank; 110A first tank; 110B second tank; 111, 127 wheel; 120 chip conveyor; 121 cover portion; 121j edge portion; 121k rising portion; 122 chip reception port; 123 chip discharge port; 126 conveying device; 128 first foreign object capturing device; 130 coolant treatment device; 141 second foreign object capturing device; 151 first pump; 152 second pump; 153 third pump; 171 coolant return mechanism; 181 neck portion; 182 horizontal portion; 190 coolant temperature adjustment device; 200 machine tool; 210 machine tool main body; 211 cover body; 213 door; 220 machining area; 251 base coolant nozzle; 252 machine body coolant circulating device; 253 cutting edge coolant nozzle; 254 through-spindle coolant device; 310 first tank region; 320 second tank region; 330 third tank region; 510 first direction; 520 second direction; 530 third direction; Cs first state; Ct second state; FL floor surface; Pa first position; Pb second position.

Claims

1. A machine tool comprising: a bed; a guide cover that is attached to the bed and guides an oil; and a coolant treatment device that is disposed adjacent to the bed, wherein the guide cover has a movable portion that can operate between a first state and a second state, and the guide cover is configured to guide the oil toward the coolant treatment device when the movable portion is in the first state, and to guide the oil toward the bed when the movable portion is in the second state.

2. A machine tool comprising: a bed; a guide cover that is attached to the bed and guides an oil; and a coolant treatment device that is disposed adjacent to the bed and is movable with respect to the bed, wherein the guide cover has a movable portion that can operate between a first state and a second state, and the guide cover overlaps the coolant treatment device as viewed in a direction of movement of the coolant treatment device, when the movable portion is in the first state, and does not overlap the coolant treatment device as viewed in the direction of movement of the coolant treatment device, when the movable portion is in the second state.

3. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the coolant treatment device is movable between a first position where the coolant treatment device is adjacent to the bed and a second position where the coolant treatment device is separated from the bed, and the movable portion is positioned to interfere with the coolant treatment device that moves between the first position and the second position, when the movable portion is in the first state, and not to interfere with the coolant treatment device that moves between the first position and the second position, when the movable portion is in the second state.

4. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the guide cover has: a base portion that is attached to the bed and extends diagonally downward from the bed; the movable portion that is pivotably connected to a lower end of the base portion; a gutter portion that is connected to the base portion and is disposed directly below the lower end of the base portion; and a guide portion that extends from the gutter portion toward the bed, wherein the movable portion extends diagonally downward from the lower end of the base portion toward the coolant treatment device when the movable portion is in the first state, and extends diagonally upward from a gap while forming the gap between the movable portion and the lower end of the base portion when the movable portion is in the second state.

5. The machine tool according to claim 4, further comprising: a moving body that moves in a prescribed direction with respect to the bed; and a guide mechanism that is supplied with a lubricating oil and guides the moving body in the prescribed direction, wherein the base portion, the movable portion and the gutter portion extend in the prescribed direction in parallel with the guide mechanism.

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