The invention provides an oilfield downhole fishing device which comprises a fishing device body, an anchor rod arranged on the fishing device body, a connector arranged on the fishing device body, a fishing head arranged on the fishing device body, a circular slip arranged on the fishing device body and a scraping claw arranged on the fishing device body. The fishing head is provided with a guide cone, the connector is installed on the anchor rod, a lifting ring is arranged on the connector, a clamping groove is formed in the fishing device body, the scraping claw is installed in the clamping groove and connected with a first spring, the first spring abuts against the fishing device body, and a second spring is arranged at the connecting position of the circular slip and the fishing device body. The oilfield downhole fishing device is simple in structure, convenient to use and install, simple to operate, low in cost, high in tensile load, high in impact resistance load, high in operating success rate, high in applicability, wide in application range, long in service life, safe and reliable.