Weak cyclone heavy oil defoaming separator

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crude oil defoaming and separation device, which is a weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator, which includes a liquid phase pipe and a gas phase pipe, the upper side of the liquid phase pipe is connected with the gas phase pipe, the outlet end of the gas phase pipe and the outlet end of the liquid phase pipe are both inclined downward to guide the flow into the cylinder along the tangent direction of the cylinder; a spiral cyclone plate is fixedly installed inside the cylinder below the liquid phase pipe to separate the cylinder into upper and lower parts, and a riser pipe that can connect the cylinder above the cyclone plate and the cylinder below the cyclone plate is fixedly installed at the center of the cyclone plate. The present invention has a reasonable and compact structure, is safe and reliable to use, has high defoaming and bubble breaking efficiency, and can completely separate oil and gas, effectively improve the metering accuracy of subsequent metering instruments, effectively ensure the safety of subsequent crude oil gathering and transportation pipelines and equipment, and effectively extend the operation cycle of the equipment on the premise of ensuring efficient operation of the equipment. It is suitable for heavy oil fire drive development and CO 2 The metering and separation of foaming crude oil during flooding development has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a crude oil defoaming and separation device, which is a weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous deepening of gas field development, during the oil and gas gathering and transportation process, when the crude oil is separated into gas and liquid in the separator, the gas dissolved in the crude oil will escape due to the pressure reduction. At this time, the crude oil containing natural surfactants such as carboxylic acid, colloid, asphaltene and wax will produce a lot of foam, and some foams will not burst even if they are stable in the crude oil for 8 hours. These stable foams cause the following harm to crude oil gathering and transportation: a) The foam has a strong adsorption capacity and can carry tiny solid impurities, causing the filter to be blocked. The large amount of foam is easy to cause cavitation of the pump; b) It increases the volume of crude oil and reduces the metering accuracy; c) The large amount of foam in the separator will occupy most of the space of the separator, making the liquid level control in the separator complicated, and the liquid phase is carried in the gas phase, which seriously affects the separation effect and may also damage the downstream compressor and other equipment.

[0003] Therefore, in order to ensure more accurate metering and safe and reliable operation of the system, it is of great significance to remove bubbles from crude oil. At present, the existing domestic crude oil defoaming design is still in the initial stage of research. Domestic oil well produced fluid usually adopts conventional separators to realize separation and metering technology, but conventional separators are only suitable for thin oil with low crude oil viscosity, low density and small bubble content. If the crude oil has high viscosity, high density and large bubble content, the conventional oil-gas separator is used to process this quality of crude oil, and its separation efficiency is low, the oil and gas separation is not thorough, and the gas content of the separator outlet pipeline is high, resulting in large errors in the metering instrument, affecting the safety and efficient operation of crude oil gathering and transportation pipelines and equipment. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency, equipment safety, efficient operation and accurate metering of oil field heavy oil produced fluid separation equipment has become a technical bottleneck problem that restricts the ground supporting engineering of large-scale high-yield oil field development at home and abroad, and it is urgently needed to be broken through and solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator, which overcomes the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and can effectively solve the problems of low separation efficiency, incomplete oil and gas separation, large metering instrument errors and impact on the safe and efficient operation of crude oil gathering and transportation pipelines and equipment when using the currently existing conventional separators in China to separate and measure crude oil with high viscosity, high density and large bubble content. It is suitable for the metering and separation of foamed crude oil in heavy oil fire drive development and CO2 drive development.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present invention is realized by the following measures: a weak swirl thick oil defoaming separator, comprising a cylinder and a liquid inlet device; the liquid inlet device comprises a liquid phase pipe and a gas phase pipe, the upper side of the liquid phase pipe is connected with the gas phase pipe, the outlet end of the gas phase pipe and the outlet end of the liquid phase pipe are both inclined downward to guide the flow into the cylinder along the tangent direction of the cylinder; a spiral swirl plate is fixedly installed inside the cylinder below the liquid phase pipe to separate the cylinder into upper and lower parts, and a riser pipe that can connect the cylinder above the swirl plate and the cylinder below the swirl plate is fixedly installed at the center of the swirl plate, the falling point of the fluid in the liquid phase pipe on the swirl plate is the starting end of the swirl plate, the tail of the swirl plate is the end of the swirl plate, and the swirl behind the starting end of the swirl plate that conforms to the direction of the fluid A bubble breaking device capable of removing bubbles from the fluid on the swirl plate is arranged on the side surface of the plate, and a bubble breaking device capable of removing bubbles from the fluid on the swirl plate is also arranged on the side surface of the swirl plate at the end of the swirl plate. At least two bubble breaking buffer plates are arranged up and down in the cylinder below the swirl plate, and all bubble breaking buffer plates are relatively staggered, and one end of all bubble breaking buffer plates close to the central axis of the cylinder is tilted downward, and the lower end of the cylinder is connected with an oil outlet pipe; a bubble breaking umbrella plate capable of separating the cylinder into upper and lower parts is fixedly installed in the cylinder above the gas phase pipe, and the bubble breaking umbrella plate is umbrella-shaped, and bubble breaking holes are opened on the bubble breaking umbrella plate, and a wire mesh demister is fixedly installed in the cylinder above the bubble breaking umbrella plate, and an air outlet pipe runs through the top of the cylinder above the wire mesh demister.

[0006] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above technical solutions:

[0007] The above-mentioned weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator also includes an on-site liquid level gauge. A partition plate capable of separating the bottom of the cylinder into upper and lower parts is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder below the defoaming buffer plate. An oil overflow pipe capable of connecting the cylinder above the partition plate and the cylinder below the partition plate is arranged on the partition plate. An oil outlet is also arranged on the partition plate. The inlet end of the oil outlet pipe passes through the bottom end of the cylinder and is located below the partition plate and is connected to the oil outlet. The liquid level gauge tube of the on-site liquid level gauge is located outside the cylinder. The upper measuring end of the on-site liquid level gauge passes through the cylinder above the partition plate, and the lower measuring end of the on-site liquid level gauge passes through the cylinder below the partition plate.

[0008] The bottom of the cylinder below the partition plate is connected with a water outlet pipe.

[0009] The above-mentioned bubble breaking devices are all grid plates.

[0010] A hand hole is provided on the cylinder between the bubble breaking buffer plate and the partition plate.

[0011] A heating coil is fixedly wound on the outside of the cylinder.

[0012] The cylinder is also provided with two pressure differential level gauge connecting pipes up and down, and a pressure differential level gauge capable of detecting the liquid level of the fluid in the cylinder is provided between the two pressure differential level gauge connecting pipes.

[0013] The top of the cylinder is connected with a steam connection pipe.

[0014] The present invention has a reasonable and compact structure. By adopting vertical weak cyclone separation technology and mechanical defoaming method, it can separate and measure crude oil with high viscosity, high density and large bubble content to achieve an efficient defoaming separator. The defoaming structure inside the cylinder is reasonably arranged and the equipment is integrated and skid-mounted. This makes the present invention easy to operate, safe and reliable to use, with high defoaming and bubble breaking efficiency, and thorough oil and gas separation. It effectively improves the metering accuracy of subsequent metering instruments, effectively guarantees the safety of subsequent crude oil gathering and transportation pipelines and equipment, and effectively extends the equipment operation cycle under the premise of ensuring efficient operation of the equipment. The present invention is suitable for the metering and separation of foamed crude oil such as heavy oil fire drive development and CO2 drive development, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The codes in the accompanying drawings are: 1 is a liquid phase pipe, 2 is a gas phase pipe, 3 is a cylinder, 4 is a swirl plate, 5 is an air riser, 6 is a bubble breaking buffer plate, 7 is an oil outlet pipe, 8 is a bubble breaking umbrella plate, 9 is a wire mesh demister, 10 is an air outlet pipe, 11 is an on-site liquid level gauge, 12 is a partition plate, 13 is an oil overflow pipe, 14 is a water outlet pipe, 15 is a hand hole, 16 is a heating coil, 17 is a pressure differential liquid level gauge connecting pipe, and 18 is a steam connecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined based on the technical solution of the present invention and actual conditions.

[0018] In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the attached Figure 1 The layout is described in a layout manner, such as: the positional relationship of up, down, left, right, etc. is determined according to the layout direction of the drawings in the specification.

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings:

[0020] As attached Figure 1As shown, the weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator comprises a cylinder 3 and a liquid inlet device; the liquid inlet device comprises a liquid phase pipe 1 and a gas phase pipe 2, the upper side of the liquid phase pipe 1 is connected with the gas phase pipe 2, the outlet ends of the gas phase pipe 2 and the outlet ends of the liquid phase pipe 1 are both inclined downward to guide the flow into the cylinder 3 along the tangent direction of the cylinder 3; a spiral swirl plate 4 is fixedly installed inside the cylinder 3 below the liquid phase pipe 1 to separate the cylinder 3 into upper and lower parts, and a riser 5 capable of connecting the cylinder 3 above the swirl plate 4 and the cylinder 3 below the swirl plate 4 is fixedly installed at the center of the swirl plate 4, the falling point of the swirl plate 4 corresponding to the fluid in the liquid phase pipe 1 is the starting end of the swirl plate 4, the tail of the swirl plate 4 is the end of the swirl plate 4, and a swirl plate 4 capable of guiding the flow of the liquid phase pipe 1 to the cylinder 3 is arranged on the upper side of the swirl plate 4 behind the starting end of the swirl plate 4 that conforms to the direction of the fluid. A bubble breaking device capable of removing bubbles in the fluid on the cyclone plate 4 is provided, and a bubble breaking device capable of removing bubbles in the fluid on the cyclone plate 4 is also provided on the upper side surface of the cyclone plate 4 at the end of the cyclone plate 4. At least two bubble breaking buffer plates 6 are arranged up and down in the cylinder 3 below the cyclone plate 4, and all bubble breaking buffer plates 6 are relatively staggered, and one end of all bubble breaking buffer plates 6 close to the central axis of the cylinder 3 is tilted downward, and the lower end of the cylinder 3 is connected with an oil outlet pipe 7; a bubble breaking umbrella plate 8 capable of separating the cylinder 3 up and down is fixedly installed in the cylinder 3 above the gas phase pipe 2, and the bubble breaking umbrella plate 8 is umbrella-shaped, and bubble breaking holes are opened on the bubble breaking umbrella plate 8, and a wire mesh demister 9 is fixedly installed in the cylinder 3 above the bubble breaking umbrella plate 8, and an air outlet pipe 10 is penetrated through the top of the cylinder 3 above the wire mesh demister 9.

[0021] During operation, the produced liquid of the oil field first enters the liquid phase pipe 1 through the inlet of the liquid phase pipe 1. The liquid phase pipe 1 is a weak cyclone section. The fluid first undergoes preliminary gas-liquid separation in the liquid phase pipe 1, and the gas separated from the fluid in the liquid phase pipe 1 enters the gas phase pipe 2; the gas phase pipe 2 and the liquid phase pipe 1 both enter the cylinder 3 tangentially, so that the fluid entering the cylinder 3 rotates along the tangential direction of the cylinder 3, and the fluid falls on the cyclone plate 4 and continues to spirally flow down on the cyclone plate 4, so that the fluid can form a certain rotating flow field in the cylinder 3. Although the intensity of the cyclone field is relatively weak, it is still conducive to the separation of gas and liquid, and can reduce the energy required to form bubbles and effectively inhibit the formation of bubbles in the fluid. In addition, a bubble breaking device is provided on the cyclone plate 4 to break the formed gas Bubbles; the swirling liquid falls onto the bubble breaking buffer plate 6, and after passing through at least two levels of buffer plates 6, it enters the bottom of the device for gravity sedimentation and defoaming stage. The sedimentation time strictly follows the provisions of the standard. During this process, the bubbles that have not been broken will float to the top of the liquid surface due to the density difference, ensuring that the amount of bubbles under the liquid surface is minimized, and finally the liquid is discharged from the oil outlet 7 through the oil outlet; the gas overflowed after the bubble breaking in the sedimentation and defoaming stage rises to the bubble breaking umbrella plate 8 through the riser 5, and the gas overflowed through the weak swirl stage also rises to the bubble breaking umbrella plate 8. The gas rising to the bubble breaking umbrella plate 8 passes through the bubble breaking umbrella plate 8 with bubble breaking holes, squeezes and breaks bubbles, and then passes through the upper wire mesh demister 9 for final liquid removal and defoaming, and the gas is discharged through the outlet pipe 10. The liquid phase and gas phase after defoaming are respectively measured by downstream metering instruments.

[0022] The present invention can achieve a high-efficiency defoaming separator by using vertical weak cyclone separation technology and mechanical defoaming mode to separate and measure crude oil with high viscosity, high density and large bubble content, and can reasonably arrange the defoaming structure inside the cylinder 3 and realize the integrated skid-mounted design of the equipment according to the needs, so that the present invention is easy to operate, safe and reliable to use, has high defoaming and bubble breaking efficiency, and completely separates oil and gas, effectively improves the metering accuracy of subsequent metering instruments, effectively guarantees the safety of subsequent crude oil gathering and transportation pipelines and equipment, and effectively extends the operation cycle of the equipment under the premise of ensuring the efficient operation of the equipment. The present invention is suitable for the metering and separation of foamed crude oil such as heavy oil fire drive development and CO2 drive development, and has broad application prospects.

[0023] The above-mentioned weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:

[0024] As attached Figure 1As shown, the weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator also includes an on-site liquid level gauge 11. A partition plate 12 capable of dividing the bottom of the cylinder 3 into upper and lower parts is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder 3 below the defoaming buffer plate 6. An oil overflow pipe 13 capable of connecting the cylinder 3 above the partition plate 12 and the cylinder 3 below the partition plate 12 is provided on the partition plate 12. An oil outlet is also provided on the partition plate 12. The inlet end of the oil outlet pipe 7 passes through the bottom end of the cylinder 3 and is located below the partition plate 12 and is connected to the oil outlet. The liquid level gauge tube of the on-site liquid level gauge 11 is located outside the cylinder 3. The upper measuring end of the on-site liquid level gauge 11 passes through the cylinder 3 above the partition plate 12, and the lower measuring end of the on-site liquid level gauge 11 passes through the cylinder 3 below the partition plate 12.

[0025] The partition plate 12 separates the bottom of the cylinder 3 into upper and lower parts. The cylinder 3 below the partition plate 12 is filled with water. Since oil is light and water is heavy, crude oil floats above the water. The crude oil above the water overflows onto the partition plate 12 through the oil overflow pipe 13, and then is discharged through the oil outlet pipe 7. Since the crude oil composition is complex, this can effectively prevent the crude oil from entering the lower measuring end of the local liquid level meter 11 and clogging the local liquid level meter 11, thereby ensuring the normal and efficient operation of the equipment and effectively extending the service life of the equipment.

[0026] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the cylinder 3 below the partition plate 12 is connected with a water outlet pipe 14. The water outlet pipe 14 is provided to facilitate the equipment to smoothly discharge the water below the partition plate 12 when it is under maintenance.

[0027] According to the needs, the foam breaking device is a grid plate. The grid plate has a wide source, the material is easy to obtain, the installation is convenient and simple, and the foam breaking efficiency is high.

[0028] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a hand hole 15 is provided on the cylinder 3 between the bubble breaking buffer plate 6 and the partition plate 12. The hand hole 15 is provided to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the present invention.

[0029] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a heating coil 16 is fixedly wound on the outside of the cylinder 3. The heating coil 16 is arranged on the outside of the cylinder 3 to effectively prevent the condensation of the tank under the state of shutdown in winter.

[0030] As attached Figure 1 As shown, two differential pressure level gauge pipes 17 are provided on the cylinder 3, and a differential pressure level gauge capable of detecting the fluid level in the cylinder 3 is provided between the two differential pressure level gauge pipes 17. The differential pressure level gauge can upload the detected data to the remote control terminal.

[0031] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a steam pipe 18 is connected to the top of the cylinder 3. The steam pipe 18 is provided so that when the pressure in the cylinder 3 is low, steam can be used to supplement the pressure of the cylinder 3.

[0032] The above technical features constitute the best embodiment of the present invention, which has strong adaptability and best implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. A weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator, comprising a cylinder and a liquid inlet device; the liquid inlet device comprises a liquid phase pipe and a gas phase pipe, the upper side of the liquid phase pipe is connected with the gas phase pipe, the outlet end of the gas phase pipe and the outlet end of the liquid phase pipe are both inclined downward to guide the flow into the cylinder along the tangent direction of the cylinder; a spiral cyclone plate is fixedly installed inside the cylinder below the liquid phase pipe to separate the cylinder into upper and lower parts, a riser pipe capable of connecting the cylinder above the cyclone plate and the cylinder below the cyclone plate is fixedly installed at the center of the cyclone plate, the falling point of the fluid in the liquid phase pipe on the cyclone plate is the starting end of the cyclone plate, the tail of the cyclone plate is the end of the cyclone plate, and a gas-filled gas pipe capable of connecting the cylinder above the cyclone plate and the cylinder below the cyclone plate is arranged on the upper side of the cyclone plate behind the starting end of the cyclone plate in accordance with the direction of the fluid. A bubble breaking device capable of removing bubbles from the fluid on the swirl plate is provided, and a bubble breaking device capable of removing bubbles from the fluid on the swirl plate is also provided on the side surface of the swirl plate at the end of the swirl plate. At least two bubble breaking buffer plates are arranged up and down in the cylinder below the swirl plate, and all bubble breaking buffer plates are relatively staggered, and one end of all bubble breaking buffer plates close to the central axis of the cylinder is tilted downward, and the lower end of the cylinder is connected with an oil outlet pipe; a bubble breaking umbrella plate capable of separating the cylinder up and down is fixedly installed in the cylinder above the gas phase pipe, and the bubble breaking umbrella plate is umbrella-shaped, and bubble breaking holes are opened on the bubble breaking umbrella plate, and a wire mesh demister is fixedly installed in the cylinder above the bubble breaking umbrella plate, and an air outlet pipe is penetrated through the top of the cylinder above the wire mesh demister; It also includes an on-site liquid level gauge. A partition plate capable of separating the bottom of the cylinder into upper and lower parts is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder below the bubble breaking buffer plate. An oil overflow pipe capable of connecting the cylinder above the partition plate and the cylinder below the partition plate is arranged on the partition plate. An oil outlet is also arranged on the partition plate. The inlet end of the oil outlet pipe passes through the bottom end of the cylinder and is located below the partition plate and is connected to the oil outlet. The liquid level gauge tube of the on-site liquid level gauge is located outside the cylinder. The upper measuring end of the on-site liquid level gauge passes through the cylinder above the partition plate, and the lower measuring end of the on-site liquid level gauge passes through the cylinder below the partition plate. The bottom of the cylinder below the partition plate is connected with a water outlet pipe. The bubble breaking devices are all gratings. The top of the cylinder is connected with a steam connecting pipe.

2. The weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator according to claim 1, characterized in that A hand hole is arranged on the cylinder between the bubble breaking buffer plate and the partition plate.

3. The weak cyclone thick oil defoaming separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A heating coil is fixedly wound on the outside of the cylinder; or / and, two differential pressure level gauge pipes are arranged on the cylinder, and a differential pressure level gauge capable of detecting the fluid level in the cylinder is arranged between the two differential pressure level gauge pipes.

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